V holidays P regular verbs: -ed endings 1 VOCABULARY holidays a. Inone minute, write down five things you like doing when you're on holiday, e-g. relaxing, going to museums. Then compare with a partner, b> p.152 Vocabulary Bank Holidays. ¢ Inpairs, interview your partner with the holiday questionnaire, Ask Why? My perfect summer holiday Which do you prefer..? going abroad or going on holiday in your country going by car, bus, plane or train going to the beach or going toa city staying ina hotel (or apartment) or going camping sunbathing, going sightseeing or going for walks hot, sunny weather or cool, cloudy weather | going with friends or going with your family 2 READING & SPEAKING a Work in pairs. A read about Joe’s holiday Bread about Laura's holiday. Find the answers to questions 1-5. 1 Where did he / she goon holiday? 2 Who did he / she go with? 3 Where did he / she stay? 4 What was the weather like? 5 Why didn't he / she enjoy the holiday? i b_ Now tell your partner about the holiday you read. Use questions 1-5 to help you. | © Read yourparimer'stexs. fn pies the meaning of the highlighted words and phrases, Whose holiday do you think was worse? Why? Have youever holiday that you didn’t enjoy very much? Whi happened? G past simple: regular and irregular verbs Right place, wrong person Where did you goon holiday? I went to Venice with some friends. The place is perfect, the weather is wonderful, but if you're with the wrong person, a holiday can be a disaster. Joe 28, a flight attendant Last October |went on holiday to Thailand for two weeks with my gefiend, Mia The holiday began well We spent two days in Bangkok and saw the Floating Market and the Royal Palace. But things went wrong when we left Bangkok. wanted tostay in hostels, which were basic } but clean, but Mia said they were too uncomfortable and so we stayed in quite ‘expensive hotels. wanted to experience ‘the local atmosphere but Mia just wanted to_ 0 shopping. I thought | knew Mia very wll but you dont know a person until yu travel with them. It was awfull We argued about everything For ourlast four days we went to Ko Chang, a beautifulisland, It was ike being in paradise. The weather was lovely andthe beaches were wonderful but we just sunbathed without speaking, We spent our lastnight back in Bangkok and we went fr a drink with some Australians. They were realy friendly and Mia started flirting with one of the boys. That was the end Gyoudon'tknow a Hertuaywedecsedtobteatap person until you u | took hundreds of photos, but when | got travel with them 9 home! didn't show them to anyone. Laura 26,anurse Last spring my bestfriend isabelle and I booked a holiday in Venice. We rented a small apartment for a week with a fantastic view of the canals. At the last moment another friend, Linda asked if she could come too. We felt sorry for her because she had problems with her boyfriend, so we said yes. Venice was magical and the weather was perfect, but the holiday was 2 disaster for one simple reason: Linda was so mean! She has a good job so she's not poor, but she just didnt want to pay for anything, When we went sightseeing she didn't want to go to any museums or galleries that cost ‘money. When we went on a gondola she complained that it was very expensive. When we went to have lunch or dinner she always wanted to go to cheap restaurants or she bought pizzas and ate them in the lat. But the night | invited her and Isabelle out on my birthday she chose the ‘most expensive things on the menu! The worst thing was that although Isabelle and | paid forthe apartment, Linda never once bought us a coffee or a drink. ''d love to go back to Venice one day..but without Linda, 6 'd love to go back to Venice one day. but without Linda. 93 LISTENING a /34)) You are going to listen to Mia and inda talking about the holidays. First listen fo Mia. Does she agree with Joe about the holiday? b Listen again, What does Mia say about... 1 herrelationship with Joe before they went 2 the places where they stayed 3 talking to other travellers 4 photos 5 going on holiday with a boyfriend € 35)) Now listen to Linda, What's her opinion of the holiday? Then listen again. What does she say about...? 1 Venice 2. what they did there 3 the cost ofher holiday 4 hernext holiday d_ Who do you sympathize with most, Joe or Mia? Laura or Linda? 4 GRAMMAR past simple: regular and irregular verbs a What is the past simple of these verbs? Are they regular or irregular? Check your answers in Joe's text. 0 begin spend leave want be — stay think know argue sunbathe take b_ Now undetline the past simple # verbs iat Laura’s text. What are the infinitives? Find and underline two past simple =lverbs in the two texts. How do you make = and(? inthe past simple...? + with normal verbs: + with was / were + with could d_ > p.128 Grammar Bank 2A. Learn more about the past simple and practise it. 5 PRONUNCIATION regular verbs: -ed endings 37) Listen and repeat the sentences. ft ee dog id! We booked a holiday We walked around the town, We sunbathed on the beach, We argued about everything. We rented a flat We decided to break up. b Say the past pronounced id’? mple of these verbs. In which ones is-ed ‘arrive ask end invite like love need pak start stay © @38)) Lis DP teguar post simple verbs ] Rumen thet we dort normally pronounce the ono | The-edendingis vel pronounced ori. The diference between these endngsis very smal en and check. We only pronounce the ein -ed when there is a tor ad before’, eg. wanted, ended. With these verbs -ed = i 6 SPEAKING a Look at Your last holiday below. What are the questions? b Think about your answers to the questions, YOUR LAST HOLIDAY 1 Where / 90? 2 When / 90? 3 Who / go with? 4 Where / stay? 5 What / the foed like? © What / the weather like? 7 What / do ducing the day? © What / do at night? 4 / have a good tine? 10 / have any problems? © Work in pairs. Ask your partner about his | her holiday. Show interest in what he she says, and ask for more information. Then swap roles. (P. Useful language for showing interest ] Really? Wow Fantastic! Great! etc. | | Oh no! How awfull etc. [7] Was it expensive? Why? What happened? etc. sm EEEG present perfect + yet, just, already i V housework, make or do? r P ijvand kts Have you tidied your oom yet? Yes, ve just done Parents and teenagers A 1 READING ~ Look at the definition of teenager. How do you == pronounce it? Do you have a similar word in your = language to describe a person of that age? Feenager ‘inci PeROAWho ts ( between 13 and 19 years old las b_ Read the article about some annoying habits. Write P if you think the sentence isa parent talking about teenagers, or T if you think it isa teenager talking abouthis /her parents. (p oO <= Teenagers have annoying habits — but so do their parents! Follow ‘Simon Fy They come into my room without knocking and then are surprised to see things they don't really want to know about They carry on texting when I'm telling them something really important and they say “Yeah, yeah | heard you Ot course they didn’. (SIP servo ‘They always pick up the remote and change the channel when Im watching Something really interesting ila Moy They leave their coom in a terrible mess and then roll their eyes when | ask them tory it : Jes ght a They never pick up dirty clothes or wet towels from the floor. They think some elves come later and pick them up! ‘They say no before I've even finished explaining what | want to do. EaScott They tel! me to do the Washing-up and then complain that | put things in the wrong place in the dishwasher. 3 Sem James Whenever | need to call them their mobiles either \ switched off or the battery is dead. streallyannoysme © Compare with a partner. Do you agree? _ Look atthe highlighted verbs and verb phrases. With a partner, say what you think they mean. ‘€ Doany ofthe parents’ or teenagers’ habits annoy you? Which ones? 2 VOCABULARY housework, make or do? a Look again at the highlighted phrases from the text. Which three are connected with housework? b > p.154 Vocabulary Bank Housework, make or do? 3 GRAMMAR present perfect + yet, just, already a @15)) Look atthe pictures. What do you think the people are arguing about? Listen and check. 1b Listen again and complete the dialogues ‘with a past participle from the list. “Gleaned done dried finished looked seen 1 A Have you seen my yellow jumper? cant findit. No, haven't. Have you inyour wardrobe? ‘A. Of course have. What's that under your bed? B Oh, yes. remember now. I borrowed it. 2A. Why arentt you doing your homework? B Ivealready it. ‘A. Really? when? B. did it on the bus this evening. 3A Haveyou___yet? B Nearly. A Ineed the bathroom now. B Butihaver't____myhair yet. ‘A Well, hurry up then. 4K Canyou get a plate for that sandwich? vejust __ the floor. B_ OK. Oops - too late. Sorry! € Look at the first two question: Are they about...? dialogue L 4 aspecifictime in the past bb anon-specific time (.e. sometime between the past and nw) 4 Underline the sentences with just, yet, and already in they mean > p.132 Grammar Bank 4A. Learn more about the present perfect and practise it. £ @18)) Listen and make the ® sentences ive and the = sentences positive. 1) ve finished. C thaver * finished. erostraned. (sind 4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING /j/ and /d3 a @19)) Listen and repeat the picture words and sounds. a o yacht jazz b @/20)) Pur the words in the right column. Listen and check. Then listen and repeat the words. just yet jumper yellow change teenager new uniform year student enjoy beautiful jacket young bridge argue © Practise saying these sentences. se just bought Jane ajumper and a jacket Have you worn your new uniform yet? d_ > Communication Has he done it yet? p.101 © @2v)) Listen, Say what's just happened. 5 LISTENING a @22)) Listen tothe first part ofa radio programme about teenage carers. Answer the questions, E 2 What do thousands of teenagers have to do? 3. How many hours do they have help a week? b 231) Now listen to the rest of the progeamme. In what way are the two teenagers unusual? Do they feel positive or negative about their lives? ¢ Listen again and answer with A (Alice), D (Daniel), or B (both of them). Who...? looks after their mother looks after their brother and sister does a lot of housework ‘ ‘anit cook doesn't lve with their father gives their mother a massage is sometimes angry with thei friends never goes out without their phone 4 Doyou know any teenagers like Alice and Daniel? What do they do?G present perfect or past simple? (1) dH Have you V shopping ever been to F cand ch that shop? __Yes. bought this shirt there. Fashion and shopping 1 READING a Witha partner, write down the names of three fashion designers, What nationality are they? Do they design more for men or for women? What kind of things does their ‘company make? © Read the interview. Complete the gaps with A-F. A | absolutely hated dressing as a man, B really understand how women want to feel. © Myboyfriend at that time was very lucky. D My feet were killing me! E The only things | enjoyed there were art and sewing, F They are so chic, and their sense of colour isso natural to them. b_ Read the introduction to an interview and Look atthe highlighted words and phrases related to fashion and shopping, and guess their meaning. | took arthe photos. Doyouikethe clothes? THE STYLE INTERVIEW LINDKA CIERACH is a fashion designer. She makes very exclusive clothes for women. She has made clothes for many celebrities including members of the British royal family, for example Kate Middleton and Sarah Ferguson, whose wedding dress she designed, and actresses like Helen Mirren. DID YOU ALWAYS WANT TO BE A DESIGNER? Not at all! When I was at schoo! [had problems reading, and later I was diagnosed as dyslexi, I did a secretarial course and then I got Aajob at Vogue magazine. [loved it, and there I realized that what wanted to do was design clothes, ‘WHY DO YOU THINK PEOPLE LIKE YOUR ‘cLomies? Being a female designer has many advantages. 2__ My customers the studio feeling a milion dollars WHAT NATIONALITY DO YOU THINK HAS THE BEST FASHION SENSE? Probably the alians. 3 After school HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO A FANCY PARTY? Thate fancy dress parties. But Tean remember one, when T was ten. ‘WHAT DID YOU GO AS? My mother made me nd my younger sister dress as a bride and bridegroom — Twas the bridegroom! 4 HAVE YOU EVER MET SOMEONE WHO WAS WEARING EXACTLY THE SAME AS YOU? Never, thank goodness! T'm lucky because 1 can choose from large selection of our Collection each season! HAVE YOU EVER FALLEN OVER BECAUSE YOU WERE (WEARING VERY HIGH HEELS? Tye never fallen over, but once T had to take ‘ff my shoes in the middle ofa reception at the House of Lords! > ‘WHAT DID YOU DO? T walked out into the street in bare feet and jumped into a taxi HAVE YOU EVER DESIGNED CLOTHES FOR A MAN? Yes, I have. WHEN Was IT? Iewas when I was studying at the London College of Fashion. I designed! my first Men's Wear collection ~ shirts, vousers and leather jackets © He didn’t need “clothes that year!2 GRAMMAR present perfect or past simple?{N Look atthe last four questions inthe interview. Answer with apartner 1 Which questions are about ‘experiences sometime in Linda’ ie? Which questions are about a specific moment in Lindka’s past? 3 Whar does ever mean in the questions that hegin Have you ever b > p.132 Grammar Bank 48. Learn more about the present perfect and past simple and practise them. 3 LISTENING a @26)) Listen to four people answering the question Have you ever bought something that you've never worn? What did they buy? Write 1-4 in the boxes. (There is one iter you don't need.) (lacoste Daskire Lo some trousers] ashiet 2 some sports clothes b Listen again. What was the problem with the clothes? Write 1-4in the boxes. This person... C1 bought something online, but didn' like the clothes when they arrived. [LJ bought the clothes too quickly and ater didi’ like them, LD wanted to look like a famous singer, but looked like another. () suddenly didn’t need the new clothes any more. © Have youes What was ir? +r bought something that you've never worn? 4 VOCABULARY shopping 27) Listen to some sentences from the listening, ‘Complete the gaps with one word. With a partner, say what the highlighted phrases mean, 1 remember when I was in the looked fantastic. room I thought they 21 ivon eBay. 3 hate clothes shopping and [never thingson. 4 Luidnt bave the receipt, so couldnt itback Well, Ibought it offers. b> p.155 Vocabulary Bank Shopping. from a website that has cheap 5 PRONUNCIATION cand ch a How isc pronounced in these words? Put them the right row. ‘account auction cinema city click clothes credit card customer proceed receipt shopping centre %30)) Listen and check When isc pronounced ‘/? (231)) How is ch usually pronounced? Listen and Girel the two words where ch is pronounced differently. How is it pronounced in these words? changing rooms cheep checkout chemist’s chic choose d Practise saying the words in aand SPEAKING Complete the questions with the past participle of the verb. 1 Haveyouever____(buy)or (sll) anything on cBay? What? Did you pay or get good price? 2 Have youever__ (buy) something online and had a problem with it? What was it? ‘What did you do? 3 Haveyouever___ (have) an argument with a shop assistant? What was it about? 4 Haye you ever___ (try) to change something without the receipt? Were you successful? 5 Have youeveraccidentally (take) something from a shop without paying? What did you take? What happened? 6 Have youever ___ (buy) shoes without trying them on? Did they fit? 7 Have youever ___ (get) tothe supermarket checkout and then found you didn’t have enough money? What did you do? 8 Have youever (lose) your credit card? Where did you lose it? Did you get it back? b Ask other students question 1. Try to find somebody who says Yes, Fhave. Then ask chem the past simple questions. Do the same for questions 2-8. aG if + past, would + infinitive (second conditional) V animals P word stress What would you do? READING & SPEAKING Read the quiz questions and answers. Complete each question with an animal from the list bee bull dog jellyfish shark snake Look at the highlighted verbs and verb phrases. With a partner, try to guess their ‘meaning from the context Read the quiz again and@@iriD your answers, a,b, oF ¢ > Communication Would you know what to do? A p.104B p.108C p.110. Read the answers to one section and tell the others. Did youall choose the right answers? Have you ever been in any of these ions? What did you do? GRAMMAR if + past, would + infinitive Look at questions 1-6 again. Are they about a past situation or an imagined future situation? What tense is the verb after if? > p.142 Grammar Bank 9A. Learn more about the second conditional and practise it. sntences so that they are true Complete the for you. Compare with a partner. 1 If had five extra hours every week 2 Lwould be very happy if 3 If could live anywhere in the world, 4 [ould learn English more quickly if. 5 [fl wona lot of money inthe lottery, VOCABULARY animals a > p.161 Vocabulary Bank Animals. 4% 18)) Listen. Which animals can you hear? What would you do if you ‘saw a bear? dun away. Would you know what to do? We all love seeing animals on TV and in zoos. But some animals can be dangerous. If you met one in real life, would you know the right thing to do? Read about some common and some less common situations. Would you know what to do? In the city 1 What would you do... -=ifa large aggressive ran towards you? a Iwould shout ‘down’ at it several times. b I would put my hands in my pockets and walk slowly backwards. ¢ Iwould keep completely still and look at it in its eyes. 2. What would you do... swf you were driving and a flew into the car? 2 I would openall the windows and wait for it to fly out. b Iwould try to kill it with a map or a newspaper. ¢ Iwould wave my hand to make it go out.4 PRONUNCIATION word stress =p an een Inthe country Ra ae ey different place. ifapoisonous __bit youon the and you were more than 30 minutes from the nearest town? a Look atthe animal words below. Can you remember 2 Iwould put something very cold on it, likea which syllable is stressed? Underline it water bottle. b I would suck the bite to get the poison out. ¢ |would tie something, e.g.a scarf on my leg calmel crojcodile dol/phin elle|phant ailraffe kan|galroo ion _mo|squilto above the bite. b @19)) Listen and check. Areany of these words similar 4 What would you do in your language? Is the stress in the same place? if you were in the middle of a field and a started running towards you? € Inpairs,ask and answer the questions. 2 [would run to the gate. 1 » Iwould throw something (e.g. a hat or a bag) in another direction. What's the most dangerous animal in your country? If you went on a safari, what animal would you most like to see? © would shout and wave my arms, 3 What's your favourite film about an animal? 4 What's your favourite cartoon animal? Are there any a als or insects youare really afraid of? 6 Do you (or did you) havea pet? What? Are youallergic to any animals or insects? 8 Ifyou could be an animal, which animal would you like wo be? 5 SPEAKING Work in groups of three. Take turns ro choose a {question and ask the others in the group. Then answer | ityourself — Se | What would you do... if you saw a mouse in your kitchen? if you saw somebody being attacked by a dog’ ! if a bird or a bat flew into your bedroom? if you saw a large spider in the bath? ifitwas a very hot day and you were on a beach that the water ‘was famous for sherk attacks? | What would you do.. if someone offered to buy you fur coat? «if you were in the sea and stung you? if your neighbour's dog barked all night? 1 Iwould rub the sting with a towel to clean it. ifa friend asked you to look after their b Iwould'wash the sting with fresh water. ‘cat or dog for the weekend? € I would wash the sting with vinegar or sea water. if you went to somebody's house for dinner and they gave you.? 6 What would you do. nif you were in the a horsemeat b goat c kangaroo quite the shore and yousawa_ ? | ‘2 Iwould swim to the shore as quickly and quietly | as possible I think fd (probably). I (definitely) wouldn't Idon't think fe b I would float and pretend to be dead. € Iwould shout for help, [G present perfect + for and since \V phobias and words related to fear P sentence stress I've been afraid of it for years ay be Yes, Ive phobias?” teen afraid of spiders since! ‘was a child. 1 VOCABULARY phobias and words related to fear a Look at the picture. How many things can you see that some people have a phobia of? 1b Look at the names of five phobias. Match them to explanations A-E. 3 glossophobia 4 claustrophobia 1 acrophobia 2 agoraphobia 5 arachnophobia ‘A. People with this phobia are terified of spiders. Rupert Grint, the actor who played Ron Weasley in the Harty Potter films, has this phobia, and 0 Goes bis character Ron, 8 [| This phobia can havea severe effect on sufferers’ lives. ‘These people are frightened of beingin open and public spaces like shops and busy streets. They often feel panic when they go out and only feel safe at home, _] Peopte wit ths phobia are afraid of beingin closed Spores te ts or traveling on the underg ound. This phobia can mae if very cific for people srbollveaned wort nce People who suffer from this phobia are scared of heights, and they get very nervous if they have to go Up high, for example on a skilift orf they are ona balcony on the 20th floor. EL Pecple with hs phobia butter rom afearof public speaking. They get very nervous I they have to speak Lhe neler cial eae einen eats lass o ot conference. The ator arson Fordhas been afraid of publespeakingallhis ie. He even fee eels eee tare antares Fast mabe speech, © Read the explanations again. Find in the texts. 1 thenoun made from the adjective afraid 2 one adjective which means very afraid 3 two synonyms for afraid 2 LISTENING & SPEAKING @20)) Listen to three people talking about their phobias. Answer question 1 for each person. Sean 2 3 1 What is he / she afraid of? 2 When didit start? | 3 How does it affect his / her life? Listen again and answer questions person. Which person do you t their phobia? ¢ Askand answer with a partner. 1 Which of the phobias in this lesson do you think isthe most irrational? 2 Which do you think makes the sufferers lives most complicated? 3 Doyou ora how did it start? How does it affect your or thet lives? ne you know have a phobia? When and My brother is really afraid of lying. He gets very nervous before he fies somewhere it started about ten years ago when.3 GRAMMAR present perfect + for and since a Lookat this extract from the first interview in 2. Answer the questions. “How long have you had this phobia?” ‘tve adit for about 40 years. Since Iwas 12 years old” 1 When did she begin to be afraid of bats? 2 Isshe afraid of bats now? 3 What tense do we use to talk about something that started inthe past ands still true now? 4 Complete the rule with foror since. Use____with a period of time. Use___witha pointin time. 'b > p.142 Grammar Bank 9B. Learn more about the present perfect + for and since, and practise it. ¢ @22}) Listen and say the phrase with for or since. 9) 1964 C since 1964 4 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress 4 @23)) Listen and repeat. Copy the rhythm. 1 for ten years —> worked here for ten years > Ive worked here for ten years. 2 since 2002 —> lived here since 2002 > We've lived here since 2002. 3. known him —> have you known him > How long have you known him? b @24%) Listen and write five sentences. 5 SPEAKING Look at the questions below. What two tenses are they? What are the missing words? Name pet? How long / it? 7abike 7 How long /it? flat ? How long / there? school? How long/ there? | 7 anybody from another country? How ong / him (hes)? 7a fanof a football team? How long / a fari? 7 near ili 7amember of a club or organization? How long / amember? 7 married? How long / married? 'b Move around the class and ask other students. If they answer Yes, Ido or Yes, 1am to the first question, ask the second question. Try to find a different person for each question. 6 READING @ Doyou know of any kinds of treatment for people who have phobias? b_ Read the text and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false), 1 30% of people have some kind of phobia 2 Doctors have created a new drug to cure phobias. 3. Inexposure therapy people learn to relax when they are exposed to something they are afraid of. 4 Exposure therapy isalways successful. 5. The drug affects the way people learn and remember things. 6 The study showed that the drug helped people to lose their fear havea cure. They have discovered that a drug, is given to patients suffering from tuberculosis, can also help people to overcome their phobias. ‘The normal treatment for people with strong phobias is some kind of exposure therapy. The ‘most commonly used exposure therapy involves gradually exposing people to the object or situation that produces the fear. For example, if you have a dentist phobia, you might first sit in the waiting room of a dentist, then talk to the dentist, and then sit in the dentist's chair. These exposures are combined with relaxation techniques. However, exposure therapy does not work for everybody, and doctors think that the new drug, which causes changes to a part ofthe brain which is. sed in learning and memory, could be used in the future to make this therapy more effective. Michael Davis at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia did a study with 30 acrophobics people who are scared of heights —and put them ‘na glass lift that appeared to go up and down. The people who were given the pill felt much less afraid then those who took a placebo. © With a partner, guess the meaning of the highlighted words and phrases. d_ What stages of exposure therapy do you think could be used for a someone with a) aracbnophobia b) claustrophobia? amG present perfect or past simple? (2) V biographies P word stress, fv Born to sing VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION biographies, word stress, /ox/ 25) Look atthe highlighted words inthe list below. Which syllable is stressed? Listen and check. Eventsin your life bebomn [goto university [7] get divorced rmarrysb /get married []teave school (] retire [Eeotoprimary choot] separate fallintove (have children Li getajob die goto secondary stool Number the expressions in what you think is the most logical order. Compare with a partner. Do you agree 26) Listen and repeat the words and sound. BEV ose [bom divorced fal | Practise saying these words. Circle the ones with the /s:/ sound. more work world small walk worse talk ball form ought four word 27») Listen and check. What rule can you see for words with wor + consonant? READING Look at the photos of Bob and Ziggy Marley and read the introduction. Have you heard their music? Do you like it? Read ten facts about the lives of the two men. In pairs, decide h five are about Bob Marley (BM) and which five are about Ziggy Marley (ZM). Work in pairs. A re-read the facts about Bob Marley and B about Ziggy Marley. Close your books and tell your partner what you can remember. GRAMMAR present perfect or past simple? (2) Answer the questions 1 Look at the five facts about Bob Marley. What tense are all the verbs? Why? 2. Look at the five facts about Ziggy Marley. What three tenses are there? Why? > p.142 Grammar Bank 9C. Learn more about the difference between the present perfect and the past simple, and practise it, He was bor inJamaic®. Yow many Grammy's has fhe won? {the father of reggae as he did more than POOR rn Leet eerie eerie (1968 followed in his father's footsteps and is a ver eee ey He and three of his brothers and sisters formed a band called The Melody Makers, and they played at thefr father’s funeral. He had eleven children with several different women. However, he only married one of them, Rita Marley in 1966. He has been a musician since he was ten, when his father bought him his frst guitar. He has lived in Miami for many ‘years with his wife Orly, and they hhave three children. He has won four Grammy awards for hhis music, including Best Reggae Album. He injured his foot playing football and he later became ill with cancer. He died four years later aged 36.4 LISTENING a Look at the photos of another famous father and son, Julio and Enriqu both singers. What's their surname? Who do you think is more famous? oo 1 Modi 1975 2 mia 5 ‘Escape’ 2001 2 Enrique Martinez Kournikova 4 eriqueglesion 1905 7 0 miton | am oll b_ Youare going to listen to a radio programme about Enrique. Look at the information. Before you listen, guess what the connection istohim. | Bp I think he was born in Madrid in 1975, So ¢ @29)) Now listen and make notes. Compare with a partner, _ Do you think Ziggy and Enrique have been successful because of their surnames, or because they are genuinely talented? Do you think it’s common for children to want to do the same job as their parents? 5 SPEAKING & WRITING a. Think about an older person, a friend or a member of your family who is alive and who you know well. Prepare to answer the questions below about theie life and to tell your partner any other interesting information about them, The past. The present t + when bom? + Where ive now? 7] ewssbornin a smalsstage + Where bor? How long lve there? Jamaica. His father was a capt + What/do after he /she) +. What /d Y = leave school? (e.g. get ajob, How long..? [aan ee gotounverstyartmaried, 5 wnat/din (s/he He tine? 1968 and he was 13 years ol when . hisfather died His father's last + Do youthink (he / she) has hada good ite? Why fot? words to him were’ Money can't buy | youlife: b_Inverview your partner about his [her person. Ask for more information. Do your two people have anything in common? ' His muste was very influenced by , ao eal prbiame whi nemelane Imgcingttelyou about my grardmethes.) when was seborn? Jamaica. E > p.A16 Writing A biography, Write a biography of person you fio] With his band, The Wailers, he know. or a famous person, | made eleven albums. His most | famous songs included No Woman, Noy, Tree Lite Bird, and 6 420) SONG Youre My #10 1 Shot the Sherif. Citutory) 73 |VOCABULAR\ MAKE AND DO 1A Work in pairs. Which of the phrases in bold below can you see in the pictures? Make .. a speech in front of more than fifty people a meal for more than eight people phone callin a foreign language decision that changed your life for the better Do a project with a big team business in another language well/badly in an exam your homework on the way to school B Which of the activities in Exercise 1 have you done: a) in the last 24 hours? b) in the last week? ©) in the last month? Which have you never done? Compare your answers with other students. PRESENT PERFECT + EVER/NEVER 2 A D)42 Listen and read the conversation below. Which tenses do the speakers use? ‘A: Have you ever made a speech in public? B: No, never. Have you? ‘A: Yes, Ihave. made a speech at work, B: Really? When did you do that? ‘A: Ata conference last year. | was really nervous. B: I'm not surprised. OK, have you ever made friends. with someone from another country? ‘A: No, I haven't, but my brother has. He met a woman from Chile in 2014. In fact, they got married a week ago! B Answer the questions about the conversation. 1 Underline two questions about general experiences (where the exact time is not important), How are they formed? you (ever) + past participle ... ? 2. Find two sentences which say when the actions happened in the past. Which verb tense Is used? 3 Circle the three short answets to Have you... ? questions. C WEAK FORMS: have Listen again. Notice how have is pronounced in the questions. How is it different inthe short answers? > page 134 LANGUAGEBANK 3a 1 OUR eNeg@ ounUN Cea Underline the correct alternative. She has been/was on TV yesterday. Have you ever writen/Did you ever write a speech? I've never eaten/never ate snails. Last night | have fnished/finished the book. Have you ever been/Did you ever go to the USA? He has finished/finished the project this morning, Complete the sentences. Ive Yesterday. Ive never Wve always When Iwasa child |. Work in pairs and compare your answers.4A Write the past participles in the table below. Check your ‘answers on page 127. catch caught give keep swim ae make sleep drive lose do win fly buy. bought come pay cross grow —— BB) 42" Match the verbs which have rhyming past participles. Then listen and check. ‘cought /kott/- bought /bozt/ C Workin pairs. Use the verbs above to make six Have you ever ...? questions. Use the ideas in the box to help you. fish anything expensive abus aprize allday a plane plants inariver 1D Work in pairs and take turns. Ask and answer the questions. AA: Have you ever caught a fish? B: Yes, | have. | caught three last weekend! SINT 5 A ()43> Look at the pictures and listen to an interview with Mario, the boy in the story. As you listen, answer questions 1-3. 1 What was Me hidden talent? 2 When did he start to use his talent? 3 How did he use his talent to change his job? B Listen again and complete the extracts. 1 Ive always cooking, 2 Then in my twenties | started to_meals for my friends. 3 Thad the idea to my food at work. 4 I wanted to something more interesting 5 you ever thought, ‘Oh, | prefer my old office job’? 6 Itsthe best decision Ive ever. eee Baits A Think about your hidden talent or something you love doing, Write notes about the following questions. 1. What is the talent? 2. Have you ever done it in public? 3. Do you practise? When/Where? 4 IsitWill it be useful in your job/ future job? B Work in groups and take turns. Describe your hidden talent. 1am good with numbers. | can do difficult sums in my head without using acalculator, ene ted CORRECTING MISTAKES ? A Read the paragraph below. Find nine mistakes and correct them. Use these symbols: gr= grammar p= punctuation sp= spelling My Hidden Talent ‘My talent is that I can sing really well I've always like music {sing all kinds of songs, including rock, pop and classical music | ist discovered this abillty when I was ‘young, [often listened to music and sang, at the same time. Ive doing it many times at parties, infront of my freinds, and in Karaoke bars. There is no magic secret | just listen carefuly and am practising on my own, speakout Don't make the same mistake twice! Look through your corrected written work. Do you repeat your mistakes? Write down the correct form ina different colour B Write a paragraph about your hidden talent or about someone you think is very talented (a sportsperson, actor, singer, writer, etc). C Work in groups. Read the paragraphs and correct any mistakes.4.2 }) SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT De WNG EDUCATION ‘1 Workin pairs Discus the subject inthe box. Which subjects did you like at school? Were there any subjects you didnt like? Why/Why not? maths science history literature art languages IT (information technolo; D> page 154 PHOTOBANK 2 A Complete the phrases with the verbs in the box. [make wear do/take give play study art/music a foreign language online 2 sport games a musical instrument 3 mistakes friends 4 atest exams 5 a performance 6 a school uniform B Which of the things above did you do at school? Did you enjoy them? Write (+), (-) or () (no experience), next to each one. C Work in pairs and compare your answers. Who ‘enjoyed their school experience more? 3A Work in pairs. Discuss. Who was your favourite/ least favourite teacher at school? Why? Were your teachers traditional in their approach to teaching? Do you think this was good or bad? B Read the text. Match paragraphs 1-3 with topics a)-c) below. 1a) making mistakes is OK bya school where students make the decisions © children watch videos outside class C Read the text again. Discuss. Which of the ideas in the text do you think is the best? Which is the ‘worst? Would these methods work in your country? (ce > eee Read about some alternative schools of thought... 1 THE ALTERNATIVE SCHOOL. ‘The Alternative School, in Lancashire, UK, offers a different type of schooling for young peaple who are aaving problems in mainsteeam education, ‘The school offers an innovative and interesting educational programme, which is designed specifically for the individual, Sradents can decide when they come to school, and which subjects they ‘want to study. They don't have to come to school every day. They can choose to start with just a few hhours a week. The school uses an ‘open door’ policy where students are allowed to leave lessons if they are bored or unhappy” 2 THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM Many classeooms around the world are adopting 2 flipped classroom approach. This learning model switches classroom learning and homework. In a traditional classcoom, the teacher explains the lesson tothe students in the classroom, and the students study homework outside class, where they have to work on their own, and can't ask anyone for help. So, ina flipped classroom, children can watch a video of| their teacher giving a lecture on the subject at home. ‘They don’t have todo any written work. When they come back tothe elaeeoom, they have to de the more traditional exercises, but they can ask the teacher oF their classmates for help ifthey don’t understand. 3 STARTING YOUNG A child learning music with the Suzuki method hhas to starcas young as possible. Even two-year-old children can learn to play difficule piece of classical ‘music, often on the violin, They do this by watching and listening. They learn by copying, just ike they learn their mother tongue. The child has to jos but doesn't have to gett right. "They soon learn that they mustn't stop everytime they make-a mistake ‘They just carry on, said one Suzuki trainer, The children have to practise for hours every day and they give performances once a week, so they learn quickly. "The parents must be involved too, said the trainer, “or it just doesn't work.’———— EEE E>———————EE>E_L==S ra nn Bai CAN, HAVE TO, MUST ? Work in pairs. Read the statements. Are the rules the same or different in your country? Do you think 4 Read sentences 1-6 and put the verbs in bold in the correct place in the table, 1 Students can decide when they come to school. 2. (The students) can’t ask anyone for help. 3. They have to do the more traditional exercises. 4 At The Alternative School, you don't have to come to school every day. 5 They mustn't stop every time they make a mistake. 6 The parents must be involved, too. possible/allowed | not possible/not allowed can necessary not necessary [> page 134 LANGUAGEBANK 5 A Complete the text with have to/don’t have to, ‘must/mustn't,can/can't. There may be more than ‘one possible answer. this is a good or a bad idea? Discuss. | In the UK, children have to learn a foreign language at school. Dol lal ave to Inthe UK, you can take exams in art, cooking and sport at school. Pemcurks eva a Children in Thailand have to sing the national ¥ anthem in the morning, c t rene In Singapore, children must learn most subjects and they (not necessary) wait for the aN Eh sol bea These ae mettle ttanoeee (maths and science) in English, ‘of being home-schooled. But there are more. In France, children don’t have to wear uniforms ‘You’ (possible) choose which subjects to school. you want to study.’ says Jasmin, aged fourteen. Tanlapechaldien uaibnncP6 ln for schooh oe ‘You ‘__ (necessary) work hard, but you eae (Possible) choose to work when you feel like it Jasmin is one of 55,000 children in the UK who doesn't go to school. She stays at home for her education, and she's much happier. Seen one In Spain, children don't have to eat at school. ‘They can go home for lunch. In the UK, children can eat a vegetarian meal ‘School is all about rules: you __(necessary) be at school at 8.30a.m. you (not ar feneh allowed) wear trainers, you" (not allowed) Children in Poland must repeat the year if they fail their exams. use your mobile phone in class, ete. I prefer being at home: Jasmin's mother, Terry, educates her four children at home. ‘Some people think that children who study at home’ __(not allowed) go to the exams and get the same ‘qualifications, but they" (allowed), and they do! B DDS) Weak FORMS: have to Listen and check. C Listen and notice the pronunciation of have to /heefta/. D Listen again and repeat. 6 Work in pairs. Discuss two or three similarities and differences between home-schooling and going to a normal school. Do you think home-schooling is a ‘g00d idea? Why/Why not?will / won't (predictions) V opposite verbs, PU, won't VOCABULARY opposite verbs With a partner, write the opposites of these verbs. win buy remember turn on — start 1 b > p.157 Vocabulary Bank Opposite verbs. GRAMMAR will/ won't (predictions) a Coaaiar doe Carooe i Whichfishisan (eotyt bebe weed am optimise? Why WA ate OPTIMIST LEB iy b_ Look at the phrase book app. Read the You Say phrases, then write the A Pessimist Says responses. He wontt pay you back. Theyllbelate. You won't pass. lerain; Theylllose. You won't understand a word. You won't find a parking space. Youll break your leg © @3)) Listen and check. Repeat the responses d_ Practise in pairs. A (book open) read the You Say phrases. B (book closed) say the A Pessimist Says responses. Then swap roles. © Look at the A Pessimist Says phrases again. Do they refer to the present or the future? £ > p.136 Grammar Bank 6A. | earn more about will / won't and practise them, fg Imagine now that you are an optimist, With a partner make positive predictions to respond to the You Say sentences in the phrase book. 1 tle agreat evening.) Yout fail 3 PRONUNCIATION 1, won't 4 )5)) Listen and repeat the contractions. Copy the rhythm, | nl ibe tate HIE late for work. You'l —Youtlbreak ‘Youll break your leg. Shell Shellmiss __She'llmiss the train ew ttllrain {til rain tomorrow. Theyll —_They'lifal Theyll fall the exam. b 6) Listen. Can you hear the difference? O88 vores Cope BE ck | wa Twaneto pass, ® pve © 70) Listen and write six sentences. won't Lwon't pass. ee 1 Wee navng the party in the garden. = Bive 2 I'm doing my driving test this afternoon 3 im having my first Skiing lesson today. 4 I've lent James some money. = 5 Tim going to see a fim __ tonight in English, = 6 Our team are playing in the cup tonight 7 We're meeting Ania and Daniel at 7.00, = 8 Were going to drive to __ the city centre, os4 READING a Read an article about the actor Hugh Laurie. What ‘wo things do Hugh Laurie and Dr House have in APESSIMIST PLAYS A PESSIMIST Lourie, the actor who 80 pessimist oo. Laurie never thought thot House M.D. was going to be a suecess. Even after seven series he still feels pessimistic ‘about it. He said in a recent interview, “If we do a bad show next wank thy sy, Thor i No mor ut ‘Sop. | am of course someone who is constantly expecting ‘plane to drop on my head, if not today then tomorrow." like Dr House, Laurie is also a talented musician ond is jesitorioie bef blues. He rocenily Went to New ‘Orleans to record an album in which he plays 15 of his feauresogs. Bt ofcourse he does ink hot people val ike t When he was asked on a TV show why he was s0 pessimistic about lif, Lourie said it was because he is Scottish. ‘I definitely think that's where it comes from.’ Because of his reputation os a pessimist, people always tok o him about postive thinking. He says thot complete strangers come up to him in the street and say ‘Cheer up, mote, i'll never hoppen!” b Read the article again. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Say wl 1 Hugh Laurie always thinks the worst will happen. 2 He thinks they will make many more series of House M.D. 3. He doesn't think his album will be successful 4 He thinks that Scottish people are optimistic 5 People often try to make him feel happier. © Have you seen any episodes of House M.D? Doyou like. a the character_b the actor 5 LISTENING & SPEAKING a @)) Listento the introduction toa radio programme. Why is positive thinking good for you? b_ Try to guess the missing words in these callers tips. Caller 1 Livein the Caller2 Think «not in the thoughts, not negative ones. Caller 3. Don't spend lot of time reading the or watching the onTV. Caller 4 Every week make a list ofall the— _____ that happened to you. Caller S$ Try w use speak to other people. © 9%) Listen and check when you d Listen again, Write down any extra information you hear. Which tips do you think are useful? Do you have any tips of your own? € Ask and answer with a partner. Use a phrase from the box and say why. Which of you is more optimistic? ARE YOU A POSITIVE THINKER? Do you think... + you'll have a nice weekend? + youll pass your next English exam? + youll get a good (or better) job in the future? + youll get an interesting email or message from someone tonight? + youll meet some new friends on your next holiday? + youll live to be 100? + youll get to the end af this book? PP Responding to preditons Thope so /Thope not. Vek so. / dor think so, "doubt Maybe / Peeps Probab ra). Detiately ot Do you think youll hope so. think the weather nave anice weekena? ) \ wat be good ana. i= EaG will / won't (decisions, offers, promises) V verb + back P word stress: two-syllable verbs 1 GRAMMAR will / won't (decisions, offers, promises) a Look at the cartoons. What do you think the mis: phrases are? 1b @10)) Listen and complete the gaps. € Look at the cartoons a somebody...? In which one does 1 promise to do som 1] decide tohave something ething offer to do something 4. > p.136 Grammar Bank 6B. Learn more about making offers, promises, and decisions and practise them. € > Communication Il / Shall? game p.102.Play the game 2 PRONUNCIATION word stress: two-syllable verbs [ stress in two-sylable verbs Remember that most two-syllable verbs are stressed onthe second sjlable. a Lookat the two-syllable verbs below. Which syllable are they stressed on? Put them in the right column. aigree arrive bolrrow comiplain delcide delpend forlget halppen immipress invent inlvite olffer practise prefer promise re'ceive relpair sunbathe “Ast syllable 2nd syllable b /123) Listen and check I'll never forget you tsa secret. 0K, won't tell ‘anyone. 1 A That's two burgers, a double portion of chips, and two ice cream sundaes. Anything else? B Yes, please. a> ee é <> 2. A Dolwant togoback to the previous version? Dol press Yes or No? B_ Ineed to do my homework now. when finish 3A promise! 8 Well, hurry up.t cantt wait much longer. ‘A. Just one more kiss...3 SPEAKING & LISTENING a Look at the sentences. Talk to a partner, 1 When do you think people say them? 2 Whardoyouthinktheyallhaveincommon? (ld ater Hllpay you back. Flcome back Y ‘and Finish the job x AC tomorrow. / This won't A oe » (hurt b Lookar the title ofa newspaper a promise that people often break? -Ttext you when! ; | get there ~ \ 7 schools and \ hospitals. spain 17 years ago when they were both in their 20s. Carmen was, Ss ‘Smith from Devon in the UK met Carmen Ruiz-Perez from studying English ata language school in Steve's town, Torbay. ‘They fll in love and got engaged. But a year later Carmen moved to France to work, and the long-distance relationship first cooled and, then ended. few years later Steve tried to get in touch with Carmen again, bbut she had changed her address in Paris. So he sent her aletter to her mother's address in Spain. In the letter he asked her ifshe was married anc he ever thought of him. He gave her his telephone ‘number and asked her to get in touch. But Carmen's mother didn't ‘send the letter to her daughter and it fell down behind the fireplace, where it stayed for ten years... € Read the article and answer the questions. 1 What were Carmen and Steve doing in Torbay? 2 Why didn't they get married? 3. Why didn’t Steve's letter get to Carmen? Adapted rma rita rensoaper 4. 13)) Now listen to part ofa news programme and answer the questions. What happened...? 1 when the builders found the letter 2 when Carmen got the letter 3. when Carmen called Steve 5 last week 4 when they met in Paris {wont tell anyone. Well build new »\ 4 VOCABULARY verb + back Look at the sentences, What's the difference between go and go back? Tm goingto work. I'm going back to work. Complete the dialogues with a phrase from the list. callyouback comeback giveitback payme back serdit back. take t back 1A The shirt you bought me is too small B Don't worry. tothe shop ‘and change it. still have the receipt. Hi, Jack. t's me, Karen, B Icar't talk now, Im driving ~ Ill in 15 minutes. Could see the manager? She's at lunch now. Could you in about half an hour? o> That's my pen you're using!_! No, it's not. t's mine, Can you lend me 50 euros, Nick? It'depends. When can you > o> o> ‘bought this jacket on the internet, but its too big, Can't you 2 o @)14)) Listen and check. In pairs, practive the dialogues, Ask and answer in groups. Ask for more information, 1 Whi your phone do you usually call them back mmediately? 2 Ifyoubuy something online that is not exactly what you wanted, do youalways send it back? 3. Have you ever lent somebody money and they didn’t pay you back? 4 When you come back after a holiday do you usually feel betcer or worse than before? 5 When you borrow a book ora DVD froma friend do you usually remember to give it back? What about if you lend something to friends? 6 Ifyou buy something to wear from ashop. and then decide you don’t like it, do you usually take it back? someone leaves you a message on 915) SONG Reach Out Ill Be There 2 am EaUnit map @ Vocabulary Materials Describing technology Collocations Noun endings Gadgets Parts of gadgets @Word skills Verb + preposition @ Grammar “The passive (present simple and past simple) @iistening Intentions of the speaker me ) @ Reading Great inventions? @weiting A formal letter |@ culture 9 Computer pioneers @ Vocabulary Builder page 121 © Grammar Builder page 140 © Grammar Reference page 141 EETD vrits science Vocabulary Gadgets 1 can describe gadgets and talk about their use. 1 SPEAKING Work in pairs. Look at the photos of gadgets (A-D). Do you think they are good or bad ideas? Which is your favourite and why? 2. ERB vocasurary checkthe meaning of the words below. Then listen and repeat, Which materials do you think are used to make the gadgets in exercise 1? Materials aluminium cardboard ceramic concrete copper glass gold iron leather nylon paper plastic rubber steel stone wood 3 othe quiz in pairs. Then check your answers at the bottom of the page. a wi a a6, ca lao cardboard. b paper ¢ plastic. d rubber. ‘The first bicycles had wheels made of ‘a wood with iron tyres. b iron with rubber tyres. ¢ iron with wooden tyres. ‘Which one of these materials did the Ancient Romans not have? ceramic bconcrete ¢ glass d paper Lav) Are these sentences true or false? ‘a All types of wood float in water. b No type of stone floats in water. ‘The earliest use of nylon was in ‘a women’s clothing, toothbrushes. ¢ parachutes. 4 guitar strings. ‘Which of these metals is the hardest? Which is the heaviest? aluminium bcopper egold diron e steel ARSa 4 SPEAKING Look around the classroom. What things are made of the materials in exercise 2? Think about furniture, the building, clothes and possessions. The windows are made of aluminium and glass. This book... 5 VOCABULARY Look at the language for describing ‘technology. Complete the phrases with the words below. allows base handle mains mostly Describing technology Shape straight curved rectangular spherical square triangular circular Power its powered / battery powered / solar powered It's cordless / rechargeable. Construction It’s made of glass /stee! ete. Its got wheels /a long? / a triangular* Ja square lid, etc Use You use ito. it youto It prevents you from (+-ing) 6 GEM tisten to the dialogues. Which phrases from ‘exercise 5 do the people use? RECYCLE! zero conditional "= We use the zero conditional to talk about causes and effects which are always true. iFyou heat aluminium, it melts, Allight comes on if ther no WiFi signal 7 GERD read the Recycle! box. Then listen again. Complete the zero conditional sentences from the dialogues with the correc form of the vets below. come get go post press 1 Ifyou this button, the plug appears. 2 You dor't need to put it away iffriends___tovsit. 3 Ifyou choose ‘share’ mode, it automatically _ your workout results on Facebook. 4 it___forward to the next track ifyou just touch here, 5 if you wave yourhand once, it __ louder. 8 SPEAKING Work in pairs. Think of a gadget and describe it to your partner. Include phrases from exercise 5.Can your partner guess what you are describing? It's battery powered, | think It's made of . Unit science iyBY crammar The passive (present simple and past simple) I can use the present and past passive to talk about technology. 1 SPEAKING Work in pairs. How many different things do people use mobile phones for? Think of as many as you can intwo minutes. 2. Read the text. What happened in 1973, 1986, 1992 and 19972 1g% Abrief history of mobile phones » Neary a billion mobile phones are sold every year worldwide. | ») The first: mobile phone call was made in 1973 by Martin Cooper. He was an inventor for the company | | Motorola. The call was answered by the boss of @ rival company, who was not happy to hear that he had lost the race. ») The first: mobiles were powered by batteries that weighed neany a kilo »)Moicernail was added to phones in 1986. Internet access was not added for another ten years. ») The first text message was sent in December 1992. It was not typed on the phone itself but on a computer: The camera phone was invented in 1997 by Philippe Kahn. Photos of his newborn daughter were shared via his phone with 2,000 friends and family. >In the UK, @ mobile phone is stolen every three minutes. >» What are mobile phones used for the most? | } | 6 | LOOK ouT! ‘When we use adverbs with the passive, we usually put them immediately before the past participle. Phonesat {twas probably invented by aceldent. sometimes used as alarm clocks. ‘3 Grammar Builder 98. page 134 Read the Look out! box. Complete the sentences with the present simple or past simple passive of the verbs in brackets. 1 Mobile phones are owned (own) by about 4.5 billion people in the world today. 2 The best selling phone ever was the Nokia 1100. More than 260 million (ell. 3 In Japan, mobiles. (often / use) in the shower, so most of them are waterproof 4 The average text message answer) within 90 seconds, 5 In 2012, 340,000 iPhones (buy) every day. 6 Today, the internet (access) more often from a phone than from a computer. 7 More text messages (send) every year in the Philippines than in any other country. 8 The world’s toughest phone metres onto concrete and did not break We ZH] (usually / (arop) 25 Complete the questions about the reading texts in Units 1-8 using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Why Ashlyn Blocker (watch) ‘more carefully than all the other children at her schoo? [IF] Dan and kate Suski (escue) by helicopter after their boat sank? [2F] 3 What sills (improve) by playing online video games, according to a report? [F] Itisn' texting or caling — it's checking the time! 4 es — oe 5 Why Jo Unsworth fallow) to 3. Study the first two sentences of the text in exercise 2, Then, go to sleep at work? [5F] complete the Learn this! box. Sy Terey Alderton (laugh at) after sunbathing? [6#] 7 Where meetings (sometimes LEARN THIS! The present and past passive a The passive is formed with the correct form othe vero 1 ‘and the past participle. b We use the® simple of be forthe present passive and the® simple of be forthe past passive. « If we want to say who performed the action, we use “ + their name. 4 Find twelve examples of the passive in the text. Whict ‘examples are a plural? TEED Unita scence b negative? © aquestion? hold), if Aaron Levie is choosing the venue? [7F1 8 Where the words tam shud (find) in the Somerton Man case? [8F] SPEAKING Workin paits. Ask and answer the questions inexercise 6. ‘Why was Ashlyn Blocker watched more carefully ‘than all the other children at her school? 7 BecauseListening Intentions of the speaker I can identify the speaker's intention. SPEAKING Describe the photos. Where are tthe people? What do you think they are saying? { Listening Strategy } Youwill sometimes have to identify the intentions of he speaker (eg to persuade, to war, to inform, etc). Listen for phrases such as think you should, be careful to, /m going to tell you about... that give you clue to the speaker's intentions, Read the Listening Strategy. What is the intention of the ‘speakers in sentences 1-6? Choose from the verbs below. Match three of the sentences (I+6) with the photos. toapologise tochallenge tocomfort tocomplain todescribe toencourage toenquire to entertain toinform topersuade torecommend totellastory tothank towam towelcome ‘Be careful not to touch the cooker. it’s hot’ _ “Tiss ridiculous! Why is there such a long delay?” _ Vid go and see this film if! were you. It’s brilliant” ‘Good morning, Let me show youto your table’ Vdlike sore information about opening times, please” ‘Don't worry, everything will be fine aununa GEEED Listen and identify the intentions ofthe speakers. Circle the correct verbs. 1a topersuade —b tothank 2a todescribe —_b tochallenge tocomplain topersuade « « 3 a tocomfort —b toencourage _¢ tocomplain 4 a towarn b topersuade —¢ tocomplain 5 a tocomfort —b tochallenge —¢ towarn 6a toinform —_b towelcome —_¢ ‘torecommend (GEE Read the questions below. Then listen and circle the correct answers. 1 The scientist’s main aim is to ‘a warn people about the dangers of overeating, b inform people about a scientific advance. € persuade people to try anew product. 2 The boy's main aim isto ‘a compare hs new matorbike with his previous one. 3 The doctor's main aim isto a encourage the patient to livea healthier lifestyle 'b warn the patient of the dangers of eating too much € recommend a course of treatment. 4 The speaker's main aim isto a describea new invention. b advertise a new product he has invented persuade somebody to invest money in his invention, 5 The head teacher's main aim is to a persuade students to use the minibus. b inform people that the school will buy a minibus. «€ thank people for helping the schoo! to raise money. 5 REDD Match the verbs in A with the words and phrases in B to make collocations. Then listen again and check. ‘A lose get prescribe comeupwith browse run B agooddeal anidea onbiofuel drugs theintemet weight 6 Prepare a short speech (30-50 words) to do one of these things. Use the questions and phrases to help you. 1 persuade someone to come out with you Where? When? Why wil they enjoy it? Why don't you...? I think you youllenjoy itl be (great: fun). (George) is coming too. 2 thank the parents of your penfriend for their hospitality, How did they make you fee! welcome? What did you particularly enjoy? had a(wonderful) time. Itwas 50kind of you to really enjoyed the... | hope to see you again soon 3 inform your cousin about your plans for your gap year Where are you going and when? What kind of work are you going to do? How long wil you stay? imgoing to. Ibe there for imgoing to work (ina ehop), When Icome home, in going to b ty to persuade someone to buy a second-hand motorbike. 7 SPEAKING Workin pairs. Deliver your speech to your partner. ¢ complain that he can’t afford a brand-new motorbike Unit 9 science CEIEd Grammar I can use different forms of the passive. The passive (present perfect and future) 1 Lookat the photo. What things do you think wearable gadget can do? 2 Read the text and check your ideas from exercise 1. ‘vor the past 20 yoare, "the vay in which wo tako, keep and share photos has been transformed. Most people now use smartphones and digital cameras {o take photos, and billions of photos have been uploaded to social networking sites. *So have ‘traditional celluloid film cameras been replaced by these gadgets? Not yet, but it won't be long. But things are going to change again. Wearable gadgets have recently been developed that allow you to take a photo simply by blinking. You can also send messages and surf the internet. *The technology hasn't shops fora wile. *Will cameras and mobiles be replaced by wearable gadgets? They haven't been replaced yet, but it may happen sooner than we think. What’ certain is that our lives will be changed by these devices in ways ‘wo haven't even thought of 3. Match the underlined passive forms in the text (1-6) with the tenses below (a-f). How many more examples can you find inthe text? 2 present perfect affirmative _ b present perfect negative present perfect interrogative will future affirmative will future interrogative £ will future negative ‘B+ Grammar Builder 9D page 40 GEL vnita scence 4. What will life be like in cities 50 years from now? Complete the predictions with the verbs in brackets. Use the future passive. 1 Food (grow) in huge vertical farms 2 Everyone (connect) toa superfast fibre-optic network 3 Inshops we (assist) by robots who wil help us find what we are looking fr. 4 Computers and mobiles (wear), not carried. 5 People (rive) around in robo-taxis which won't have drivers. Traffic lights (not need) 6 Some people predict that we constantly (watch) by cameras! Complete the predictions with the affirmative future passive form of the verbs below. uild control drive buy and sell onnect One hundred years from now: 1 the weather 2 we all to computers so that we can think faster. 3 only wu languages (English and Chinese), by humans. in the world 4 cars by robots. 5 all products, online, 6 hotels ‘on the moon. 6 SPEAKING Work in pairs. Say if you agree or disagree with the statements in exercise 5. Use the phrases below to help you. don'tagree that im not sure that la Iwouldn't say that 7 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the present perfect passive. ote Inthe past hour. 1100 million photos have 2 208,000 mobile phones 317 million photos 4-350 millon photos 5. 83 milion hours of video upload to Instagram, with friends on Facebook (on YouTube. 8 Write questions using the prompts below. Use the present. perfect passive with ever. 1 photograph / at school? Have youever been phovographed a 2 punish /for something you didn't do? 3 involve /in an accident? 4 hurt / while doing sport? 5 citicise / by a good friend? 6 sting / bya bee? 9 SPEAKING Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in, exercise 8. Give extra information using the past simple. Have you ever been photographed at school? Yes, Ihave, We had a class photograph last yearWord Skills Verb + preposition 1. Would you like to travel to another planet? Why? / Why not? 2 Read the text. Do you think the Mars One project is a good 7 idea? Give reasons for your answer. Mars @ne The Mars One projctis planning to send people to Marstt lve there permanently. The idea of iving on other planes clearly ‘appeals to alot of people, because over 200,000 individuals want totake partin the mission. But how wil the setlers adjust the coneltions on Mars? Here are some ofthe problems they willface. @ The atmosphere consists of 95% carbon dioxide and almost no oxygen. @© The settlers will have to cope with very low temperatures (similar to Antarctica) and very high levels ofuitra-volet radiation, @ Gravity is only 38% of that on Earth, We need to learn more about the effects that would have on their bodies. © tars Rovers have already searched fr water on Mars but have ‘ound none thats in quid form. The plans to sond another Rover to Mars in 2018 Is job willbe ‘0 propare forthe arival ofthe first four sotlrs in 2025. twill construct houses’ for the inhabitants, with a supply of fresh ar, ‘water and solar power. Aer tat, four more settlers will arrive very two wna. How ona wi he stars sty Nobodviaowe 3. Look at the highlighted verb + preposition collocations in the text. Find six more (two with for, one with about, one with of one with to and one with with), ictionary Skills Strategy A dictionary will ell you if the verb is followed by a particular preposition 4 DICTIONARY WORK Read the Dictionary Strategy. Then look atthe dictionary entry for recover. Which preposition is used with it? recover /er'kava(tV verb [l] 1 recover (from sth) to ‘become well aguin after you have been ill: I rook him two months to recover from the operation. 2 (I) recover {From sth) to getback to normal again aftera bad experience, et can understand and use verb + preposition collocations. 5. Complete the sentences with the words below. Use a dictionary to check your answers f you need to. about 1 2 Dad complained apologised asked for my late arrival the noise from the neighbours. 3 Ive often dreamed flying to the moon. 4 We finished our meal and for the bill 5 Don't at your little sister. It isn't kind 6 Canyouhelp me ‘my science homework? laugh of with 6 SPEAKING Do you think people will ever live on Mars? ‘Why? / Why not? Use the phrases below to help you. I think / don't think... I'm not sure, realy As see... Tobe honest, But then again, Iwould(n't) find it Forone thing, Htwould(n't) be. Look our! Some verbs can be followed by more than one preposition, sometimes with a slight change in meaning €g.shoutat /shout to, agree with /agre to. Mysiet \ cai Liz on the other sde ofthe read and shouted to her use | lost her mobile. 7 Read the Look out! box. Circle the correct prepositions to, complete the sentences. 1 a Have you ever heard of /about wearable gadgets? Have you heard of /about John’s new job? She has to cate for/ about her elderly mur, | don't care for / about money. You look worried. What are you thinking about / of? What do you think about / of my new dress? Throw the ballat /to mel It was unkind to throw a ball at /to the dog | write to /about my penfriend about once a month | wrote to / about my holiday on my blog (My teacher agreed with / to my request to leave early. I don't agree with / to you 8 Complete the questions with the correct preposition. 1. What kinds of things do you worry __? 2 When did you last argue __ someone? Who? What_? 3 Have you ever complained ____anything in a restaurant or shop? What was the problem? 4 What kind ot music do you listen__? 5 Whendid you last take part _a race? How did you do? 6 iF youwere going to write a letter__ someone famous, who would it be? Why? 9 SPEAKING Ask and answer the questions in exercise 8. Give extra details if you can. What kinds of things do you worry about? worry about school work and exams. Unit science @II102 Reading Great inventions? can understand a text about forgotten inventions. 1 SPEAKING Look at the pictures. What do you think these inventions were for? 2 Read the texts, Check your answers in exercise 1. Were any of your guesses correct? 3 Inpaits, decide which of the inventions is the most impressive and / or interesting, in your opinion. Give reasons. Number the pictures (A-D) ‘order in which they were invented. A B_ c_ ot 5. Match the texts (1-4) with questions A-F below. Some que: match with more than one text. Which invention(s) ‘A was / were lost and then found again? B was / were popular fora time but then disappeared? _ € usedelectnotye__ D was / were designed by an unknown inventor? __ was / were designed to improve your health? F was/were first designed in the 18th century? Reading Strategy j Sometimes, true/false tasks incudea third option: the text does not say Choose the third option ifthe text does not contain enough information to clearly say ifthe sentence is true or false. Do not use your own knowiedge § (or guesswork) to fill ary information gaps! 8 VOCABULARY Find nouns in the text related to these verbs and adjectives. Noun endings a Text Text3 a invent e move 6 Read the Reading Strategy. Explain why ‘does not say’ is b record f arrange the correct answer to ths sentence. The thtd ofthe three Telharmonium models was the ae eben heaviest. DHE bald h reconstruct 7 Decide the sentences below are true (7 false (F)0r ‘does g yocasutary Lookat your answes in exercise 8 not say’ (DNS). How many different noun endings do they include? 1 The Telharmonium was invented before the radio. Can you think of other nouns with these endings? 2 Thaddeus Cahill destroyed the final model ofhis invention beforehe died. J SPEAKING In pairs, decide which three inventions and 3 The Rejuvenator successfully cured deafness and baldness discoveries from history are the most important. Use the in hundreds of people. ideas below or think of your own. Give reasons. 4 TheRejuvenator wasa cormmercial success.even though it aeroplanes antibiotics books cars. computers was nat clear how it worked electricity fire printing television wheels 5 The Writing Ball was the first machine that used electricity fortyping 6 Other typing machines were cheaper to make because lf the wheel didn’t exist, we couldn't travel by-car or bus, they were not made by hand, —__ 7. The Antikythera Mechanism was at the bottom of the sea ena ee for nearly 2,000 years. ‘would take much longer. 8 For about 70 years after it was found, the purpose of the mechanism was not known, Uunit9 ScienceTaventions the world forgot The Telharmonium ‘The Telharmonium was the world’s first eleetronie musical instrument. It was designed by an American, Thaddeus Cahill, first weighed about 7,000 kg, and the other two weighed nearl ‘5 200,000 ke! Music from the instrument was broadcast to people's homes using another new invention: the telephone. For the first time, people could stay at home and listen on their telephones to ive music from another part of the country. (The radio had not been invented.) People loved these concerts, but there were Wy problests. Sone telephone users whe were Ht Hise Une concert were interrupted by loud music half way through their conversation! By 1914, the world was no longer interested in the ‘Telharmoniumn, After Cahill's death in 1934, his brother kept one of the three models, but in 1962 it was destroyed. No recordings 45 of the music were kept, so the Telharmonium and its unique sound have disappeared forever. 1897. Three models ofthe instrument were built; the The Rejuvenator Inthe early part of the 20¢h century, there was a lot of interest in the power of electricity to cure medical conditions. A device ealled the Rejuvenator was invented by 420 Britioh acfentiot Otto Overbeelcin 1025. It wan uoed in the home to treat all kinds of medical problems, including deafness and baldness, and became very popular. It was advertised in newspapers and members of the public were invited to watch, live demonstrations in theatres. The users placed electrodes on 25 any part oftheir body and a small electric current was passed through it. It was unclear exactly how the machine worked, but sold all around the world and Overbes 0s, it was still possible to buy new parts for these nes, but today they are only seen in museums. The Writing Ball 30 ‘The Writing Ball was invented in 1865 by Rasmus Malling Hansen from Denmark. It was a machine for typing onto paper. Malling-Hansen spent a long time working on the design. For example, he made sure all the keys were placed in the best positions for typing quickly. The machine even used electricity 2 to make the movement faster. There was one problem, however you could not see the paper as you were typing, Nevertheless, the Writing Ball was sold all over Europe and was very successful. However, each model was made by hand, Soon, other machines becane ore popular because hey were rade i 4 factories and were cheaper. A new keyboard was developed with, the keys arranged clfferently. This arrangement is now used on phones and computer keyboards all over the world, even though it was quicker to type using the Writing Ball. The once-popular ‘Writing Ball was forgotten The Antikythera Mechanism 45 In 1901, a ship was discovered at the bottom of the sea near the Greek island of Antikythera. On the ship was an ancient ‘machine. It had been made about 1,900 years earlier, in 2 nc. For any years after its discovery, nobody understood exactly what the machine waa for: But in the 1070s, $0 to find out its secrets. Amazingly, they found that the machine ‘was an ancient computer. It had been designed to predict the ‘movements of the sun, the moon and the planets. It did this using ‘more than thirty hand-made metal wheels of different sizes. A study of the mechanism in 2006 was led by Professor Michael 5 Edmunds from Cardiff University. He described the device as ‘just extraordinary, the only thing of its kind’ and ‘more valuable than the Mona Lisa’. Reconstructions have been made and the device works perfectly jentiata wood X ray0) Unit science QE}Speaking Making a complaint Ican complain about faulty goods ina shop. 1 Describe the photo. Answer the questions. 1. What are the people saying, do you think? 2 Doyou often take the things you have bought back to the shop? Why? 3 Tellus abouta situation when you had to return a faulty iter to a shop. You are returning a gadget toa shop because something has gone wrong with it Discuss these four issues during the conversation with the shop assistant: ‘© What the gadget is and when you bought it. ‘+ What the problemis, ‘+ Whatyou want to happen next. ‘+ What you will do ifthat isn’t possible 2. GEN Read the task above. then listen toa student doing the task Circle the correct answers. 1 The studentis returning a aCD player. b aDVD player. 2 The student can't a charge the batteries. b turn on the player. 3. The student would like a an exchange. b arefund. 4 The sales assistant offers to a tepairit bb exchange it. 3 VOCABULARY Which of these gadgets do you own? Would you lke to own any other? Why? / Why not? Gadgets digital camera digitalradio DVD player, e-book reader games console headphones mobile phone MP3 player smartphone tablet 1B» Vocabulary Builder Gadgets: page 21 Speaking Strategy When you are doing a speaking task, make sure you refer ¥ toallfour points in the task. Its also important that you react and respond properly to what is said during the conversation, Read the Speaking Strategy. Listen again and say if the student mentioned all the points in the task and responded well to the sales assistant’s contributions. 5 VOCABULARY Look at thelist of parts of gadgets below. ‘Choose three gadgets from exercise 3. Which parts can you find on or with these gadgets? Parts of gadgets battery case charger powerlead remote control screen strap USB port volume control on/off button Unit 9 scence Listen to another student. What parts of the gadget did she and the sales assistant mention? 7 KEY PHRASES Complete the phrases with the words below. broken come exchange happy manager money problem repair something stopped work write Making a complaint There's a" with There's? wrong with It doesn't? ithas* working its? The (dial) has ® oft. Cant havermy’ back, please? Cant, it please? Can you? iv tm not™® about that Canisee the” please? tim going to™ 40 (customer services. 8 Listen again, Tick the phrases in exercise 7that the student uses. 9 KEY PHRASES Match the sentence halves. Dealing with a complaint 1 What's wrong a arefund? 2. When did you b repairit 3 Have you got € acredit note 4 Would you like 4 the receipt? 5 Wedon't give e refunds 6 Icangive you £ witht? 7 Wecan g Icando, 8 There's nothing h buyit? 10 SPEAKING Workin pairs. Do the exam task in exercise 2. ‘Take turns to be the shop assistant and the customer. Use words and phrases from this lesson to help you.Writing A formal letter I can write a formal letter. 1 SPEAKING Workin pairs. Put these methods of transport inorder from the most environmentally friendly tothe least. Then compare ideas with another pair. bicycle bus car (diesel or petrol) electriccar motorbike tram 2 Read the task and the letter. Do you agree or disagree with tthe writer's opinions? Give reasons. Your local council has issued @ new town planning policy and decided not to include any cycle lanes in the town centre, Write a letter of compiaint about this decision. Dear Sir or Madam, (1) 1am writing to express my disappointment at the council's recent decision not to include any cycle Janes in town. Since I do not have a car, cycle everywhere, 0 this is a very important issue for me. (2) My main reason for objecting to the decision is that cycles lanes improve the safety of cyclists, Without cycle lanes, more cyclists are injured in accidents, a5 itis far more difficult tor drivers to see them, {F) realise that tis expensive to build cycle lanes However, [believe itis a good use of public money. Pollution is a problem and we should be encouraging people to cycle rather than going by car because itis better forthe environment. (@) Allin all, 1believe this is a very bad decision. Unless the council reconsiders;there will be a negative effect on road safety and on the environment. Yours faithfully, M Stafford Martin Stafford Writing Strategy (Make sure you use a variety of different structures when writing formal letters. You can form complex sentences by joining two clauses together with a conjunction (and, but, because, if r,t). Use different conjunctions depending on the meaning of the clauses they introduce. @ Have you 3 Read the Writing Strategy. Match the bold conjunctions in ‘the letter with the meanings below. 1 because (2) D - 2 instead of 3 except if/ifit was not true that 4 forthat reason 12+ Vocabulary Builder Conjunctions: page 121 4 Mata the paragraphs of tie Fetter (1-4) with four of the headings below (A-F). {A Give the main argument for your opinion. —_ B Strongly restate your overall opinion. € Describe a personal experience. D Explain the reason for writing, —_ E Make suggestions forthe future. F Mention one argument from the opposing view and say why you do nat accept it. 5. KEY PHRASES Read the useful phrases for summing up. Then find one more in the letter in exercise 2. Which paragraph does it begin? ‘Summing up (On balance, | think Overall. in my opinion, Inconclusion, For these reasons, strongly believe that: 6 Inpaits, read the task below. Plan your essay by following, the instructions (1-3). Your local council has decided to stop giving under 18s cheap travel on buses. Write a letter of complaint about this decision, explaining why it is bad for teenagers and for the environment. 1 In pairs, brainstorm ideas for the pros and cons of offering ‘young people cheap travel on buses. 2 Choose a main reason for complaining about the decision. Then choose one argument in favour of the council's decision and say why you do not accept it. 3. Make a paragraph plan for your letter. Use your answers in exercise 4 to help you. 7 write your letter following your plan from exercise 6, Use a phrase from exercise §to begin the final paragraph. CHECK YOUR WORK * used conjunctions correctly? * checked the spelling and grammar Unit 9 science (EE