Formulas da talue Torrado Frnado pendmen dt losToladradoElements of the Machining Process 27:9 SAME METAL REMOVAL GREATER METAL REMOVAL Chips vary with cutting-edge Chip thickwoss can be decreased without altering the feed or depth of cut, and there: fore without redueing the metab removal rate, by giving the tool cutting-edge ngle. On the other hand, when the opti- rmuim chip thickness is known, the feed and hence the removal rate can be increased at a fixed depth of cut by giving the tool the samme side cutting-edge angle. In effect, this change makes use of more of the cut. ting-edge length, and requires mote power Fig. 17. Variation of chip thickness with cutting-edge angle (trom same source as Fig. 18 and 16) jie 2, Turing forces 2 oe Fig, 18, Too! forces In turning In the conduct of machining processes, cut ting-ool angles are carefully specified. igure 14 shows a single-point oo] such as may be used in fuming and identifies important angles. Figure 1S shows similar important angles referenced [n describing face-millng cutters. Tool angles con- tol chip flow as ilustated in Fig. 16, Chipe vary withthe cutingedge angle as shown in Fig. 17 "The control of chip flow has been given more careful consideration recently because of curent Interest in wamanned machining operations. Pro visions must be made for developing chip-low Characteristics which will permit easy disposal ‘without damaging the workpiece of the machine tool, including foxuring, —Forces and Power. ‘THE FORCES in machining can be deter ‘mined with tool dynamometer In tuning, the =) Sr aig ar a Se ig sae i na oe Tonia 3 al | aietes seeds Stee, 135-20 BEN Pos, $5 10 ‘oo 3 Bi Tie 938 388 a So hea tase toe oo ioe ee TD Saif mh eons ie] emap cine ate Sec, 200325 BIN, Sh oF Sos feats ots ss ne a nt: re rr fom cows ar et ee an me hte Neg, “S16 -10 oo enna? ih Ss tom spew ee in os too soe Bu ies too sty ae te Mo coat ie,2026 HN Fn, 1510 10 foes fee ee ae sian oa sie so tee oe vee hw eee Geshe cated tome takes ‘om ee (Arne May vans en ye ep fa ae sb 2 oe To cen News, iy or by 4.4. T eee) oe m/e By 2.4 y= nai fe P= a fee F=f oe, be 3. Shop formulas for tuning, ming lng and breaching —English wits (metic unis) ee Te eg ta Cag dm Min AS KD Kam via BEX Dy Xm v ovis (uesBxnemm) (ee xD. cH) wo Recto er none wonseaxXrm , 27-10 Machining Tale 3. (continued) Fea, nora pasa ma “Feud peta as Mate Spied Seated Sipe a tS at ty ‘Sts, wrowgtt an cast $2011 0s) La (0.016) ©0911 5) Le 068) ips cuban alloy and aR 14 Oo) 17 (ose) Gom 15 Woe 19 om ‘ool es) Bae 15 om) 19 (oom (0) 13 ae) 22 0.100, BSR 20 on 25 (0.056) G1) 21 Om) 26 oH ssR 34 is) 42 1s (oo 26 lis) 32 oH, ast vos tots’ 67 (oasm) 09 (0.046) Gus” 08 Oa) O8 wos, ery, cc, wai) 03% 14 (om) 17 (0.075) (0) 1 ts) 14.060, Ses Stel, wrought and cast. 138-278 twos) 16 (0.080) (oo) 14 tes) 7 wom, Merc susencs mans) | 3048 R, {oo 17 (ass) (ue) 13 oes) 13.085, asain sce isos) 14 (0.05) 17 (oss) 13 (oes) 11S oss) 13 cme) Tanium 2037s 1205) 1S (00%) 14 os) Lt WOsD 1S 068) Hite alloys (Wi and Corbue) 300360 © 25 Oi) 3 (oo) 23 1m) 20a 53 IH (on bs) i030 «18 G0) 20 (o0ss) 13 (Oos) —Ts ors) 20 Wom) Retin alloys (Tonge) a2 28 nn 35 (1) 33e) Ors 29 O13) 36 wroH (OMalyadenu) | 229 20 oy 23 (0073) 20" oy” 16 ors) 20 oH (Cokie). 217 7 om 2h (00s) 1 orn 1's om) 19 oR) (ante 310 2k win 35 (m0) 26 O18) 20a 25 II) Nike alloys ‘wo 20 os) 28 (am) 22 O10) 1908) -24 .105) ‘Aaa ays 30.150) 028 (ool) 03 (oo 02 0.9) o.82 01) 04 OIE) Mei ays 40.906) 016 (our) 02 (or 02 0 a6 00) 02 om) Conper Re 10. (oe) 12 (ou 1, @os) 1D “WOW 12 5H) Sper aloe TOS Ry Os OOM) 08 (oo 08 0m) ass 0) 08 OOK) RIOR, 10 Wow) 12 013) To Gt 0" WOH) 12 (oss) 0 (a Pe iene pe ve me cme YO we fey Gt 50Conditions ds opernion moquinas an haar, TORNO —TRENCINSN32 RPM ‘Avances mmivuela 4 Za 728 O54] 0.32] O16] 0.08] 7.04] 20] 315 144] 0.72] 0:36] 0.18] 0.03] 0.045 28] 450] 176} 0.88] 0.44] ‘o22| 0.11 0.055] 40] 630] 192 0.96 0.48 0.24 0.12 Gos] St KW 56 900 2.24 1.12] 0.56] 0.26] 0.14] 0.07| 30] 7250) 32) 16] 08 04 02] of 7125 1800 160] 7500) FRESADORA KNUTH VHF2 RPM (Efe vertical) RPM (Eje horizontal) BHP 440 280 a 132] 324 a6] 350 700] 72| 160] 456| 114 430 360] 86 240] 612 7560) 71050 2100] “Avances mesa inm/min 36 00] 280) 35 60] 155) 720) 7100