ANCLAJES Y EMPALMES

EMPALMES
1.- Según ANTONIO BLANCO BLASCO

1.1.- ANCLAJES EN BARRAS CORRUGADAS SOMETIDAS A TRACCIÓN

Ldt

La longitud de desarrollo básica Ldb, en centímetros, será el mayor de los siguientes valores:
0.06𝐴𝑏 𝑓𝑦
𝑙𝑑𝑡1 = 𝑙𝑑𝑡2 = 0.006𝑑𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑙𝑑𝑡3 ≥ 30 𝑐𝑚
𝑓𝑐′
La longitud de desarrollo ld será la obtenida de multiplicar ldb por uno de los siguientes factores:
a) Para barras horizontales que tengan por debajo más de 30 cm de concreto fresco: 1.4
b) Cuando el refuerzo esté espaciado lateralmente por lo menos 15 cm entre ejes y tenga un recubrimiento lateral
de por lo menos 7,5 cm: 0.8

TABLA DE LONGITUD DE ANCLAJE DE BARRAS EN TRACCIÓN

fy=4200 kg/cm²
Barra db Ab f'c ldt1 ldt2 ldt3 Ldtra
175 5.33 30.00
210 4.87 30.00
6mm 0.60 0.28 15.12 30
280 4.22 30.00
350 3.77 30.00
175 6.10 30.00
210 5.56 30.00
1/4" 0.64 0.32 16 30
280 4.82 30.00
350 4.31 30.00
175 9.52 30.00
210 8.69 30.00
8mm 0.80 0.50 20.16 30
280 7.53 30.00
350 6.73 30.00
175 13.53 30.00
210 12.35 30.00
3/8" 0.95 0.71 24 30
280 10.69 30.00
350 9.56 30.00
175 21.53 30.24
210 19.65 30.24
12 mm 1.20 1.13 30.24 30
280 17.02 30.24
350 15.22 30.24
175 24.19 32.00
210 22.08 32.00
1/2" 1.27 1.27 32 30
280 19.13 32.00
350 17.11 32.00
175 37.72 40.01
210 34.43 40.01
5/8" 1.59 1.98 40.01 30
280 29.82 40.01
350 26.67 40.01
175 54.29 54.29
210 49.56 49.56
3/4" 1.91 2.85 48.01 30
280 42.92 48.01
350 38.39 48.01
175 96.58 96.58
210 88.17 88.17
1" 2.54 5.07 64.01 30
280 76.35 76.35
350 68.29 68.29
175 182.49 182.49
210 166.59 166.59
1 3/8" 3.49 9.58 88.01 30
280 144.27 144.27
350 129.04 129.04
1.2.- ANCLAJES EN BARRAS CORRUGADAS SOMETIDAS A COMPRESIÓN

Ldc

La longitud de desarrollo básica Ldc, en centímetros, será el mayor de los siguientes valores:
0.08𝑑𝑏 𝑓𝑦
𝑙𝑑𝑐1 = 𝑙𝑑𝑐2 = 0.004𝑑𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑙𝑑𝑐3 ≥ 20 𝑐𝑚
𝑓𝑐′
TABLA DE LONGITUD DE ANCLAJE DE BARRAS EN COMPRESIÓN

fy=4200 kg/cm²
Barra db Ab f'c ldc1 ldc2 ldc3 Ldc
175 15.24 20.00
210 13.91 20.00
6mm 0.60 0.28 10.08 20
280 12.05 20.00
350 10.78 20.00
175 16.13 20.00
210 14.72 20.00
1/4" 0.64 0.32 10.67 20
280 12.75 20.00
350 11.40 20.00
175 20.32 20.32
210 18.55 20.00
8mm 0.80 0.50 13.44 20
280 16.06 20.00
350 14.37 20.00
175 24.19 24.19
210 22.08 22.08
3/8" 0.95 0.71 16 20
280 19.13 20.00
350 17.11 20.00
175 30.48 30.48
210 27.82 27.82
12 mm 1.20 1.13 20.16 20
280 24.10 24.10
350 21.55 21.55
175 32.26 32.26
210 29.45 29.45
1/2" 1.27 1.27 21.34 20
280 25.50 25.50
350 22.81 22.81
175 40.32 40.32
210 36.81 36.81
5/8" 1.59 1.98 26.67 20
280 31.88 31.88
350 28.51 28.51
175 48.39 48.39
210 44.17 44.17
3/4" 1.91 2.85 32 20
280 38.25 38.25
350 34.21 34.21
175 64.51 64.51
210 58.89 58.89
1" 2.54 5.07 42.67 20
280 51.00 51.00
350 45.62 45.62
175 88.71 88.71
210 80.98 80.98
1 3/8" 3.49 9.58 58.67 20
280 70.13 70.13
350 62.73 62.73
1.3.- ANCLAJES CON GANCHO ESTANDAR EN TRACCIÓN

Ldg

12db

La longitud de desarrollo ld, en centímetros, será el mayor de los siguientes valores:

318𝑑𝑏
𝑙𝑑𝑔 = 𝑙𝑑𝑔 = 8𝑑𝑏 𝑙𝑑𝑔 ≥ 15 𝑐𝑚
𝑓𝑐′

fy=4200 kg/cm²
Barra db Ab f'c ldgt1 ldg2 ldgt3 Ldgt
175 14.42 15.00
210 13.17 15.00
6mm 0.60 0.28 4.8 15
280 11.40 15.00
350 10.20 15.00
175 15.26 15.26
210 13.93 15.00
1/4" 0.64 0.32 5.08 15
280 12.07 15.00
350 10.79 15.00
175 19.23 19.23
210 17.56 17.56
8mm 0.80 0.50 6.4 15
280 15.20 15.20
350 13.60 15.00
175 22.90 22.90
210 20.90 20.90
3/8" 0.95 0.71 7.62 15
280 18.10 18.10
350 16.19 16.19
175 28.85 28.85
210 26.33 26.33
12 mm 1.20 1.13 9.6 15
280 22.80 22.80
350 20.40 20.40
175 30.53 30.53
210 27.87 27.87
1/2" 1.27 1.27 10.16 15
280 24.14 24.14
350 21.59 21.59
175 38.16 38.16
210 34.84 34.84
5/8" 1.59 1.98 12.7 15
280 30.17 30.17
350 26.98 26.98
175 45.79 45.79
210 41.80 41.80
3/4" 1.91 2.85 15.24 15
280 36.20 36.20
350 32.38 32.38
175 61.06 61.06
210 55.74 55.74
1" 2.54 5.07 20.32 15
280 48.27 48.27
350 43.17 43.17
175 83.95 83.95
210 76.64 76.64
1 3/8" 3.49 9.58 27.94 15
280 66.37 66.37
350 59.36 59.36
RNE E-70 CONCRETO ARMADO

12.2- LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO DE BARRAS CORRUGADAS Y DE ALAMBRES A TRACCIÓN

Ldt

CONDICIÓN Ø≤3/4" Ø>3/4"

Estribo mínimo
≥ db ≥ db db

≥ db
𝜓𝑡 𝜓𝑒 𝜆 𝑓𝑦 𝜓𝑡 𝜓𝑒 𝜆 𝑓𝑦
Estribo mínimo 𝑙𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑏 𝑙𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑏
≥ db ≥ 2db db 8.2 𝑓𝑐′ 6.6 𝑓𝑐′

≥ db

Otros casos Ver cap. 12.2.3 Ver cap. 12.2.3

12.2.3.- Para barras corrugadas y alambres, ldt debe ser:

𝜓𝑡 𝜓𝑒 𝜓𝑠 𝜆 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑡𝑟 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑐𝑏 + 𝐾𝑡𝑟
𝑙𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑏 𝐾𝑡𝑟 = ≤ 2.5
𝑐 + 𝐾𝑡𝑟 105 𝑠 𝑛 𝑑𝑏
3.5 𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏
𝑑𝑏
𝑙𝑑𝑡 = 30𝑐𝑚

Factor de modificación en base a la localización del refuerzo (𝜓𝑡 )

Factor Condiciones Valor Asumido

Barras superiores 1.3
𝜓𝑡 1
Otras barras 1

Factor de modificación en base al tratamiento superficial del refuerzo (𝜓𝑒 )

Factor Condiciones Valor Asumido

Barras o alambres con tratamiento
superficial epóxico y recubirmiento
1.5
menor que 3bd o espaciamiento
𝜓𝑒 libre menor que 6db. 1.5
Otras barras o alambres con
1.2
tratamiento superficial epóxico.
Barra sin tratamiento superficial. 1

Factor de modificación en base al tamaño del refuerzo (𝜓𝑠 )

Factor Condiciones Valor Asumido

Barras de 3/4'' y menores 0.8
𝜓𝑠 0.8
Barras mayores de 3/4" 1

Factor de modificación relacionado con la densidad delo concreto (𝜆 )

Factor Condiciones Valor Asumido

Concreto liviano 1.3
𝜆 1.3
Concreto de peso normal. 1
 Indice de refuerzo transversal (𝐾𝑡𝑟)

Øt=
dbt= 0.95 Diametro del refuerzo transversal (Estribo)
Avt= 0.71 Área del refuerzo transversal (Estribo)
Atr= 1.42 Area total del refuerzo dentro de un espaciamiento s
fyt= 4200 Resistencia a la fluencia del acero del refuerzo transversal
s= 10 cm Espaciamiento del acero transversal
n= 2 Nº de varillas a traslapar

𝐴𝑡𝑟 𝑓𝑦𝑡 1.42 x 4200

𝐾𝑡𝑟 = = = 2.840
105 𝑠 𝑛 105 x10x2

r= 4 cm Recubrimiento
db= 1.91 cm Diámetro de la varilla a traslapar
Menor distancia medido del centro de una barra a la superficie mas
cb= 5.91 cm
cercana de concreto o S/2

𝑐𝑏 + 𝐾𝑡𝑟 5.905+2.84 𝑐𝑏 + 𝐾𝑡𝑟

= 1.905
= 4.591 ≤ 2.5 → = 2.5000
𝑑𝑏 𝑑𝑏
f'c= 210 kg/cm²
fy= 4200 kg/cm²

𝜓𝑡 𝜓𝑒 𝜓𝑠 𝜆 𝑓𝑦 1 × 1.5 × 0.8 × 1.3 × 4200

𝑙𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑏 = = 98.44 cm
𝑐 + 𝐾𝑡𝑟 3.5×(√ 210)×2.5
3.5 𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏
𝑑𝑏

fy=4200 kg/cm²
Caso Caso
Barra f'c cb Kr 𝜓𝑡 𝜓𝑒 𝜓𝑠 𝜆 especial general Ldt
ldt1 Ldt2
6mm 175 56.28 33.96 33.96
db=0.60 cm 210 51.38 31.00 31.00
5.25 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 44.50 26.85 30.00
350 39.80 24.02 30.00
1/4" 175 59.57 35.94 35.94
db=0.64 cm 210 54.38 32.81 32.81
5.27 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 47.09 28.42 30.00
350 42.12 25.42 30.00
8mm 175 75.04 45.28 45.28
db=0.80 cm 210 68.50 41.34 41.34
5.35 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 59.33 35.80 35.80
350 53.06 32.02 32.02
3/8" 175 89.35 53.92 53.92
db=0.95 cm 210 81.56 49.22 49.22
5.43 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 70.64 42.62 42.62
350 63.18 38.12 38.12
12 mm 175 112.56 67.92 67.92
db=1.20 cm 210 102.76 62.01 62.01
5.55 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
Av=1.13 cm2 280 88.99 53.70 53.70
350 79.60 48.03 48.03
1/2" 175 119.13 71.89 71.89
db=1.27 cm 210 108.75 65.62 65.62
5.59 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 94.18 56.83 56.83
350 84.24 50.83 50.83
5/8" 175 148.91 89.86 89.86
db=1.59 cm 210 135.94 82.03 82.03
5.75 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 117.73 71.04 71.04
350 105.30 63.54 63.54
3/4" 175 178.70 107.83 107.83
db=1.91 cm 210 163.13 98.44 98.44
5.91 2.84 1 2 0.8 1
280 141.27 85.25 85.25
350 126.36 76.25 76.25
1" 175 191.77 179.72 179.72
db=2.54 cm 210 175.06 164.06 164.06
6.22 2.84 1 2 1 1
Av=5.07 cm2 280 151.61 142.08 142.08
350 135.60 127.08 127.08
1 3/8" 175 263.69 247.11 247.11
db=3.49 cm 210 240.71 225.58 225.58
6.70 2.84 1 2 1 1
280 208.46 195.36 195.36
350 186.45 174.73 174.73
12.3.- LONGITUD DE DESARROLLO DE BARRAS CORRUGADAS Y DE ALAMBRES A COMPRESIÓN

Ldc

12.3.2 La longitud de desarrollo ld, en centímetros, será el mayor de los siguientes valores:
0.075𝑑𝑏 𝑓𝑦
𝑙𝑑𝑐 = 𝑙𝑑𝑐 = 0.0044𝑑𝑏 𝑓𝑦 𝑙𝑑 ≥ 20 𝑐𝑚
𝑓𝑐′

fy=4200 kg/cm²
Barra db Ab f'c ldc1 ldc2 ldc3 Ldc
175 14.29 20.00
210 13.04 20.00
6mm 0.60 0.28 11.09 20
280 11.29 20.00
350 10.10 20.00
175 15.12 20.00
210 13.80 20.00
1/4" 0.64 0.32 11.73 20
280 11.95 20.00
350 10.69 20.00
175 19.05 20.00
210 17.39 20.00
8mm 0.80 0.50 14.78 20
280 15.06 20.00
350 13.47 20.00
175 22.68 22.68
210 20.70 20.70
3/8" 0.95 0.71 17.6 20
280 17.93 20.00
350 16.04 20.00
175 28.57 28.57
210 26.08 26.08
12 mm 1.20 1.13 22.18 20
280 22.59 22.59
350 20.20 22.18
175 30.24 30.24
210 27.61 27.61
1/2" 1.27 1.27 23.47 20
280 23.91 23.91
350 21.38 23.47
175 37.80 37.80
210 34.51 34.51
5/8" 1.59 1.98 29.34 20
280 29.88 29.88
350 26.73 29.34
175 45.36 45.36
210 41.41 41.41
3/4" 1.91 2.85 35.2 20
280 35.86 35.86
350 32.08 35.20
175 60.48 60.48
210 55.21 55.21
1" 2.54 5.07 46.94 20
280 47.82 47.82
350 42.77 46.94
175 83.16 83.16
210 75.92 75.92
1 3/8" 3.49 9.58 64.54 20
280 65.75 65.75
350 58.80 64.54
12.5 DESARROLLO DE GANCHO ESTANDAR EN TRACCION

Ldg

12db

0.075𝜓𝑒 𝜆 𝑓𝑦 𝑑𝑏
𝑙𝑑𝑔𝑡2 = 𝑙𝑑𝑔𝑡1 = 8𝑑𝑏 𝑙𝑑𝑔𝑡3 ≥ 15 𝑐𝑚
𝑓𝑐′
fy=4200 kg/cm²
Barra db av f'c 𝜓𝑒 𝜆 Ldgt1 Ldgt2 Ldgt3 Ldgt
175 27.86 27.86
210 25.43 25.43
6mm 0.60 0.28 1.50 1 4.80 15.00
280 22.03 22.03
350 19.70 19.70
175 29.48 29.48
210 26.92 26.92
1/4" 0.64 0.32 1.50 1 5.08 16.00
280 23.31 23.31
350 20.85 20.85
175 37.15 37.15
210 33.91 33.91
8mm 0.80 0.50 1.50 1 6.40 17.00
280 29.37 29.37
350 26.27 26.27
175 44.23 44.23
210 40.37 40.37
3/8" 0.95 0.71 1.50 1 7.62 18.00
280 34.96 34.96
350 31.27 31.27
175 55.72 55.72
210 50.86 50.86
12 mm 1.20 1.13 1.50 1 9.60 19.00
280 44.05 44.05
350 39.40 39.40
175 58.97 58.97
210 53.83 53.83
1/2" 1.27 1.27 1.50 1 10.16 20.00
280 46.62 46.62
350 41.70 41.70
175 73.71 73.71
210 67.29 67.29
5/8" 1.59 1.98 1.50 1 12.70 21.00
280 58.27 58.27
350 52.12 52.12
175 88.45 88.45
210 80.75 80.75
3/4" 1.91 2.85 1.50 1 15.24 22.00
280 69.93 69.93
350 62.55 62.55
175 288.93 288.93
210 263.75 263.75
1" 6.22 5.68 1.50 1 49.78 23.00
280 228.42 228.42
350 204.30 204.30
175 162.17 162.17
210 148.04 148.04
1 3/8" 3.49 9.58 1.50 1 27.94 24.00
280 128.20 128.20
350 114.67 114.67
3.- RESUMEN DE EMPALMES

RESUMEN DE ANCLAJES Y EMPALMES

A. Blanco Blasco NTP E-60
Barra
f'c Ldt ldc Ldgt Ldt ldc ldgt

175 30.00 20.00 15.00 33.96 20.00 27.86

210 30.00 20.00 15.00 31.00 20.00 25.43
6mm
280 30.00 20.00 15.00 30.00 20.00 22.03
350 30.00 20.00 15.00 30.00 20.00 19.70
175 30.00 20.00 15.26 35.94 20.00 29.48
210 30.00 20.00 15.00 32.81 20.00 26.92
1/4"
280 30.00 20.00 15.00 30.00 20.00 23.31
350 30.00 20.00 15.00 30.00 20.00 20.85
175 30.00 20.32 19.23 45.28 20.00 37.15
210 30.00 20.00 17.56 41.34 20.00 33.91
8mm
280 30.00 20.00 15.20 35.80 20.00 29.37
350 30.00 20.00 15.00 32.02 20.00 26.27
175 30.00 24.19 22.90 53.92 22.68 44.23
210 30.00 22.08 20.90 49.22 20.70 40.37
3/8"
280 30.00 20.00 18.10 42.62 20.00 34.96
350 30.00 20.00 16.19 38.12 20.00 31.27
175 30.24 30.48 28.85 67.92 28.57 55.72
210 30.24 27.82 26.33 62.01 26.08 50.86
12 mm
280 30.24 24.10 22.80 53.70 22.59 44.05
350 30.24 21.55 20.40 48.03 22.18 39.40
175 32.00 32.26 30.53 71.89 30.24 58.97
210 32.00 29.45 27.87 65.62 27.61 53.83
1/2"
280 32.00 25.50 24.14 56.83 23.91 46.62
350 32.00 22.81 21.59 50.83 23.47 41.70
175 40.01 40.32 38.16 89.86 37.80 73.71
210 40.01 36.81 34.84 82.03 34.51 67.29
5/8"
280 40.01 31.88 30.17 71.04 29.88 58.27
350 40.01 28.51 26.98 63.54 29.34 52.12
175 54.29 48.39 45.79 107.83 45.36 88.45
210 49.56 44.17 41.80 98.44 41.41 80.75
3/4"
280 48.01 38.25 36.20 85.25 35.86 69.93
350 48.01 34.21 32.38 76.25 35.20 62.55
175 96.58 64.51 61.06 179.72 60.48 288.93
210 88.17 58.89 55.74 164.06 55.21 263.75
1"
280 76.35 51.00 48.27 142.08 47.82 228.42
350 68.29 45.62 43.17 127.08 46.94 204.30
175 182.49 88.71 83.95 247.11 83.16 162.17
210 166.59 80.98 76.64 225.58 75.92 148.04
1 3/8"
280 144.27 70.13 66.37 195.36 65.75 128.20
350 129.04 62.73 59.36 174.73 64.54 114.67