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Investigacion de Curva de Valoracion
Investigacion de Curva de Valoracion
Universidad de Pamplona
Química Analítica
Grupo AR
INVESTIGACION
Marco Teórico
Summary
Theoretical titration curves, when derived from exact equilibrium equations, are
remarkably similar to experimental curves. The differences between the two can be
attributed in large part to the difficulty of mathematically expressing the equilibrium
condition even for the simplest chemical systems. From the experimental curves a large
amount of information can be obtained about the equilibrium state (concentrations of the
species, calculation of constants, etc.). In the same way, the examination of the
valuation graphs drawn by using the mathematical equations of equilibrium, can serve
to decide whether a certain valuation is feasible, find out the number of evaluable
groups in each jump of the measured property, calculate the error of valuation and
which indicator is more suitable for it in case of visual detection of the end point.
Although graphs can be obtained for any type of titration, in what follows we will try to
draw those corresponding to proton exchange equilibria (acid-base reactions). We start
from the simplest case, that of strong protoliths, and end up with more complex weak
protolith systems. For the latter, a generalized equation is proposed between the
volume of titrant and the pH using the secondary variables of concentration, mole
fraction and Bjerrum formation index, variables that will be defined throughout the
discussion. It is necessary to note the importance of the load balance in the correct
establishment of the valuation equation.
Palabras Claves
Protolito: El protolito se llama también precursor. ... Más bien es el efecto acumulado
de todos los continuos cambios que ha experimentado la roca, los cuales son producto
de los cambios en temperatura, presión que causa un cambio en la mineralogía y
textura del protolito. El metamorfismo puede ser somero, medio o intenso.
Ph: El pH es una medida de acidez o alcalinidad que indica la cantidad de iones de
hidrógeno presentes en una solución o sustancia.
Keywords
Titrant: It is the process of measuring the volume of solution that is necessary to carry
out the reaction. In this analysis, the reagent is known as the titrant, and its solution is
known as the titrant solution or the titrated solution (titrated). It is that solution that has a
known concentration of titrant reagent.
Protolith: The protolith is also called a precursor. ... Rather, it is the accumulated effect
of all the continuous changes that the rock has undergone, which are the product of
changes in temperature, pressure that causes a change in the mineralogy and texture
of the protolith. Metamorphism can be shallow, medium, or intense.
Ph: pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions
present in a solution or substance.
Titrant: The substance that quantitatively reacts with the analyte in a titration. The
reagent is generally a standard solution carefully added to the analyte until the reaction
is complete. The amount of analyte is calculated from the volume of reagent required to
complete the reaction.
Equivalence: A chemical equivalent is one mole of the chemical function with which a
substance acts. Thus, in Brönted-Lowry acids and bases, an acid / base equivalent will
be one mole of protons and hydroxyl ions, respectively. For example: two moles of
electrons are transferred, that is, two redox equivalents per mole.
Conclusión
Donde los volúmenes se miden en ml, y los subíndices indican ácido (a) y base (b)
Conclusion
Where volumes are measured in ml, and subscripts indicate acid (a) and base (b)