Volumen de NaOH pH

0 mL 6.79
1 mL 7.62
2 mL 7.77
3 mL 7.81
4 mL 7.83
5 mL 7.86
6 mL 7.86 Titulación de precipitación
7 mL 7.89
8.5
8 mL 7.9
9 mL 7.91
8
10 mL 7.92
11 mL 7.92 7.5
12 mL 7.93
13 mL 7.94 7

pH
14 mL 7.96
15 mL 7.98 6.5
16 mL 8
17 mL 8.02 6
18 mL 8.04 L L L L L L L L L L
19 mL 8.05 m m m m m m m m m m m
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
20 mL 8.05
21 mL 8.05
Volumen NaOH
22 mL 8.07
23 mL 8.07
24 mL 8.08
25 mL 8.08
26 mL 8.09
27 mL 8.11
28 mL 8.12
29 mL 8.13
30 mL 8.13
31 mL 8.13
32 mL 8.13
33 mL 8.13
34 mL 8.14
35 mL 8.14
36 mL 8.16
37 mL 8.17
38 mL 8.21
39 mL 8.22
40 mL 8.16
41 mL 8.21
42 mL 8.27
43 mL 8.27
44 mL 8.29
45 mL 8.3
46 mL 8.26
ulación de precipitación

L L L L L L L L L L L L
m m m m m m m m m m m m
15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45

Volumen NaOH
 pH V.NaOH (ml) V.Ni(NO3)2 (ml) Vt (ml) Ci.NaOH (mol/L) Ci.Ni(NO3)2 (mol/L) Cf.NaOH (mol/L)
6.79 0 10 10 0.001 0.005 0
7.62 1 10 11 0.001 0.005 9.09E-05
7.77 2 10 12 0.001 0.005 1.67E-04
7.81 3 10 13 0.001 0.005 2.31E-04
7.83 4 10 14 0.001 0.005 2.86E-04
7.86 5 10 15 0.001 0.005 3.33E-04
7.86 6 10 16 0.001 0.005 3.75E-04
7.89 7 10 17 0.001 0.005 4.12E-04
7.9 8 10 18 0.001 0.005 4.44E-04
7.91 9 10 19 0.001 0.005 4.74E-04
7.92 10 10 20 0.001 0.005 5.00E-04
7.92 11 10 21 0.001 0.005 5.24E-04
7.93 12 10 22 0.001 0.005 5.45E-04
7.94 13 10 23 0.001 0.005 5.65E-04
7.96 14 10 24 0.001 0.005 5.83E-04
7.98 15 10 25 0.001 0.005 6.00E-04
8 16 10 26 0.001 0.005 6.15E-04
8.02 17 10 27 0.001 0.005 6.30E-04
8.04 18 10 28 0.001 0.005 6.43E-04
8.05 19 10 29 0.001 0.005 6.55E-04
8.05 20 10 30 0.001 0.005 6.67E-04
8.05 21 10 31 0.001 0.005 6.77E-04
8.07 22 10 32 0.001 0.005 6.88E-04
8.07 23 10 33 0.001 0.005 6.97E-04
8.08 24 10 34 0.001 0.005 7.06E-04
8.08 25 10 35 0.001 0.005 7.14E-04
8.09 26 10 36 0.001 0.005 7.22E-04
8.11 27 10 37 0.001 0.005 7.30E-04
8.12 28 10 38 0.001 0.005 7.37E-04
8.13 29 10 39 0.001 0.005 7.44E-04
8.13 30 10 40 0.001 0.005 7.50E-04
8.13 31 10 41 0.001 0.005 7.56E-04
8.13 32 10 42 0.001 0.005 7.62E-04
8.13 33 10 43 0.001 0.005 7.67E-04
8.14 34 10 44 0.001 0.005 7.73E-04
8.14 35 10 45 0.001 0.005 7.78E-04
8.16 36 10 46 0.001 0.005 7.83E-04
8.17 37 10 47 0.001 0.005 7.87E-04
8.21 38 10 48 0.001 0.005 7.92E-04
8.22 39 10 49 0.001 0.005 7.96E-04
8.16 40 10 50 0.001 0.005 8.00E-04
8.21 41 10 51 0.001 0.005 8.04E-04
8.27 42 10 52 0.001 0.005 8.08E-04
8.27 43 10 53 0.001 0.005 8.11E-04
8.29 44 10 54 0.001 0.005 8.15E-04
8.3 45 10 55 0.001 0.005 8.18E-04
8.26 46 10 56 0.001 0.005 8.21E-04
Cf.Ni(NO3)2 (mol/L) ZNa+ ZOH- ZNi+2 ZNO3- (CfNa+ * ZNa+^2) (CfOH- * ZOH-^2) (CfNi+2 * ZNi+2^2)
0.005 1 -1 2 -1 0 0 0.02
4.55E-03 1 -1 2 -1 9.09E-05 4.55E-03 1.82E-02
4.17E-03 1 -1 2 -1 1.67E-04 4.17E-03 1.67E-02
3.85E-03 1 -1 2 -1 2.31E-04 3.85E-03 1.54E-02
3.57E-03 1 -1 2 -1 2.86E-04 2.86E-04 1.43E-02
3.33E-03 1 -1 2 -1 3.33E-04 3.33E-04 1.33E-02
3.13E-03 1 -1 2 -1 3.75E-04 3.75E-04 1.25E-02
2.94E-03 1 -1 2 -1 4.12E-04 4.12E-04 1.18E-02
2.78E-03 1 -1 2 -1 4.44E-04 4.44E-04 1.11E-02
2.63E-03 1 -1 2 -1 4.74E-04 4.74E-04 1.05E-02
2.50E-03 1 -1 2 -1 5.00E-04 5.00E-04 1.00E-02
2.38E-03 1 -1 2 -1 5.24E-04 5.24E-04 9.52E-03
2.27E-03 1 -1 2 -1 5.45E-04 5.45E-04 9.09E-03
2.17E-03 1 -1 2 -1 5.65E-04 5.65E-04 8.70E-03
2.08E-03 1 -1 2 -1 5.83E-04 5.83E-04 8.33E-03
2.00E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.00E-04 6.00E-04 8.00E-03
1.92E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.15E-04 6.15E-04 7.69E-03
1.85E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.30E-04 6.30E-04 7.41E-03
1.79E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.43E-04 6.43E-04 7.14E-03
1.72E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.55E-04 6.55E-04 6.90E-03
1.67E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.67E-04 6.67E-04 6.67E-03
1.61E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.77E-04 6.77E-04 6.45E-03
1.56E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.88E-04 6.88E-04 6.25E-03
1.52E-03 1 -1 2 -1 6.97E-04 6.97E-04 6.06E-03
1.47E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.06E-04 7.06E-04 5.88E-03
1.43E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.14E-04 7.14E-04 5.71E-03
1.39E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.22E-04 7.22E-04 5.56E-03
1.35E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.30E-04 7.30E-04 5.41E-03
1.32E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.37E-04 7.37E-04 5.26E-03
1.28E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.44E-04 7.44E-04 5.13E-03
1.25E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.50E-04 7.50E-04 5.00E-03
1.22E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.56E-04 7.56E-04 4.88E-03
1.19E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.62E-04 7.62E-04 4.76E-03
1.16E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.67E-04 7.67E-04 4.65E-03
1.14E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.73E-04 7.73E-04 4.55E-03
1.11E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.78E-04 7.78E-04 4.44E-03
1.09E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.83E-04 7.83E-04 4.35E-03
1.06E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.87E-04 7.87E-04 4.26E-03
1.04E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.92E-04 7.92E-04 4.17E-03
1.02E-03 1 -1 2 -1 7.96E-04 7.96E-04 4.08E-03
1.00E-03 1 -1 2 -1 8.00E-04 8.00E-04 4.00E-03
9.80E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.04E-04 8.04E-04 3.92E-03
9.62E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.08E-04 8.08E-04 3.85E-03
9.43E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.11E-04 8.11E-04 3.77E-03
9.26E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.15E-04 8.15E-04 3.70E-03
9.09E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.18E-04 8.18E-04 3.64E-03
8.93E-04 1 -1 2 -1 8.21E-04 8.21E-04 3.57E-03
(CfNO3- * ZNO3-^2) μsol. α β ai α.Zi2.√μ 1+β.ai.√μ logƒNi+2 √μ ƒNi+2 aNi+2 log aNi+2
0.01 0.0150 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.249 1.241 -0.2007 0.1225 0.630 0.00315 -2.502
9.09E-03 0.0160 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.257 1.249 -0.2058 0.1263 0.623 0.00283 -2.548
8.33E-03 0.0147 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.246 1.238 -0.1989 0.1211 0.633 0.00264 -2.579
7.69E-03 0.0136 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.237 1.229 -0.1928 0.1165 0.642 0.00247 -2.608
7.14E-03 0.0110 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.213 1.206 -0.1768 0.1049 0.666 0.00238 -2.624
6.67E-03 0.0103 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.207 1.200 -0.1723 0.1017 0.673 0.00224 -2.649
6.25E-03 0.0098 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.201 1.194 -0.1682 0.0987 0.679 0.00212 -2.673
5.88E-03 0.0092 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.195 1.189 -0.1644 0.0961 0.685 0.00201 -2.696
5.56E-03 0.0088 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.191 1.184 -0.1609 0.0937 0.690 0.00192 -2.717
5.26E-03 0.0084 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.186 1.180 -0.1577 0.0915 0.696 0.00183 -2.737
5.00E-03 0.0080 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.182 1.176 -0.1547 0.0894 0.700 0.00175 -2.757
4.76E-03 0.0077 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.178 1.172 -0.1519 0.0876 0.705 0.00168 -2.775
4.55E-03 0.0074 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.175 1.169 -0.1493 0.0858 0.709 0.00161 -2.793
4.35E-03 0.0071 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.171 1.166 -0.1469 0.0842 0.713 0.00155 -2.810
4.17E-03 0.0068 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.168 1.163 -0.1446 0.0827 0.717 0.00149 -2.826
4.00E-03 0.0066 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.165 1.160 -0.1425 0.0812 0.720 0.00144 -2.841
3.85E-03 0.0064 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.163 1.157 -0.1404 0.0799 0.724 0.00139 -2.856
3.70E-03 0.0062 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.160 1.155 -0.1385 0.0786 0.727 0.00135 -2.871
3.57E-03 0.0060 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.158 1.152 -0.1367 0.0775 0.730 0.00130 -2.885
3.45E-03 0.0058 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.155 1.150 -0.1350 0.0763 0.733 0.00126 -2.898
3.33E-03 0.0057 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.153 1.148 -0.1334 0.0753 0.736 0.00123 -2.912
3.23E-03 0.0055 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.151 1.146 -0.1318 0.0743 0.738 0.00119 -2.924
3.13E-03 0.0054 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.149 1.144 -0.1303 0.0733 0.741 0.00116 -2.936
3.03E-03 0.0052 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.147 1.143 -0.1289 0.0724 0.743 0.00113 -2.948
2.94E-03 0.0051 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.146 1.141 -0.1275 0.0715 0.746 0.00110 -2.960
2.86E-03 0.0050 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.144 1.139 -0.1263 0.0707 0.748 0.00107 -2.971
2.78E-03 0.0049 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.142 1.138 -0.1250 0.0699 0.750 0.00104 -2.982
2.70E-03 0.0048 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.141 1.136 -0.1238 0.0692 0.752 0.00102 -2.993
2.63E-03 0.0047 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.139 1.135 -0.1227 0.0684 0.754 0.00099 -3.003
2.56E-03 0.0046 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.138 1.133 -0.1216 0.0677 0.756 0.00097 -3.014
2.50E-03 0.0045 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.136 1.132 -0.1205 0.0671 0.758 0.00095 -3.024
2.44E-03 0.0044 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.135 1.131 -0.1195 0.0664 0.759 0.00093 -3.033
2.38E-03 0.0043 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.134 1.130 -0.1185 0.0658 0.761 0.00091 -3.043
2.33E-03 0.0043 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.133 1.128 -0.1176 0.0652 0.763 0.00089 -3.052
2.27E-03 0.0042 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.132 1.127 -0.1167 0.0647 0.764 0.00087 -3.061
2.22E-03 0.0041 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.130 1.126 -0.1158 0.0641 0.766 0.00085 -3.070
2.17E-03 0.0040 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.129 1.125 -0.1149 0.0636 0.767 0.00083 -3.079
2.13E-03 0.0040 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.128 1.124 -0.1141 0.0631 0.769 0.00082 -3.087
2.08E-03 0.0039 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.127 1.123 -0.1133 0.0626 0.770 0.00080 -3.096
2.04E-03 0.0039 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.126 1.122 -0.1126 0.0621 0.772 0.00079 -3.104
2.00E-03 0.0038 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.125 1.121 -0.1118 0.0616 0.773 0.00077 -3.112
1.96E-03 0.0037 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.124 1.120 -0.1111 0.0612 0.774 0.00076 -3.120
1.92E-03 0.0037 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.124 1.120 -0.1104 0.0608 0.776 0.00075 -3.127
1.89E-03 0.0036 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.123 1.119 -0.1097 0.0603 0.777 0.00073 -3.135
1.85E-03 0.0036 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.122 1.118 -0.1090 0.0599 0.778 0.00072 -3.142
1.82E-03 0.0035 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.121 1.117 -0.1084 0.0595 0.779 0.00071 -3.150
1.79E-03 0.0035 0.5085 0.3281 6 0.120 1.116 -0.1078 0.0592 0.780 0.00070 -3.157

0.900

0.800

0.700
eficiente de actividad

0.600

0.500

0.400

0.300
 0.900

0.800

0.700

Coeficiente de actividad
0.600

0.500

0.400

0.300

0.200

0.100

0.000
0.0500 0.0600 0.0700 0.0800 0.0900 0.1000 0.1100 0.1200 0.1300 0.1400

Raíz cuadrada de la fuerza iónica

Kw a 25ºC log Kw log Kps Kps
1.00E-14 -14 -16.922 1.20E-17
1.00E-14 -14 -15.308 4.92E-16
1.00E-14 -14 -15.039 9.14E-16
1.00E-14 -14 -14.988 1.03E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.964 1.09E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.929 1.18E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.953 1.11E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.916 1.21E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.917 1.21E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.917 1.21E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.917 1.21E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.935 1.16E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.933 1.17E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.930 1.18E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.906 1.24E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.881 1.31E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.856 1.39E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.831 1.48E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.805 1.57E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.798 1.59E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.812 1.54E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.824 1.50E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.796 1.60E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.808 1.55E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.800 1.58E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.811 1.54E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.802 1.58E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.773 1.69E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.763 1.72E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.754 1.76E-15 Punto de equivalencia
1.00E-14 -14 -14.764 1.72E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.773 1.69E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.783 1.65E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.792 1.61E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.781 1.66E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.790 1.62E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.759 1.74E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.747 1.79E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.676 2.11E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.664 2.17E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.792 1.62E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.700 2.00E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.587 2.59E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.595 2.54E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.562 2.74E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.550 2.82E-15
1.00E-14 -14 -14.637 2.31E-15