Unidad 1 Números complejos 7-

Práctica
a.
Matemática Superior |𝑧 − 𝑗| = √𝒙𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟏)𝟐 < 𝟐
PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 1- Forma Binómica
b.
𝑧(𝑧̅ + 2) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑗 = 3 ⇒
1- 𝑦 = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = −3 ∨ 𝑥 = 1
a. Sol = {-3;1}
(−2 + 6𝑗) + 3(4 − 𝑗) − 5𝑗 = −2 + 6𝑗 + 12 − 3𝑗 − 5𝑗 = 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟐𝒋
b. c.
(2 − 𝑗)2 .(4 + 3𝑗) = (4 − 4𝑗 − 1). (4 + 3𝑗) = (3 − 4𝑗)(4 + 3𝑗) = (4 ∗ 3 − (−4 ∗ 3)) + (−4 ∗ 4 + 3 ∗ 3)𝑗 = 𝟐𝟒 − 𝟕𝒋 | − 𝑗 + 𝑧̅ | ≤ 9 ⇒ 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟏)𝟐 ≤ 𝟖𝟏
c.
3 3 3 3
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
3 + 2𝑗 + 𝑅𝑒[(5 − 2𝑗)3 ] = 3 − 2𝑗 + 𝑅𝑒 [( ) 53(−2𝑗)0 + ( ) 52 (−2𝑗)1 + ( ) 51(−2𝑗)2 + ( ) 50 (−2𝑗)3] = 3 − 2𝑗 + 𝑅𝑒[125 − 150𝑗 − 60 + 8𝑗] = 𝟔𝟖 − 𝟐𝒋 d.
0 1 2 3
d. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 2 = 2 ⇒
(4 + 7𝑗)(6 − 2𝑗) ((4 ∗ 6 + 7 ∗ 2) + (−4 ∗ 2 + 7 ∗ 6)𝑗) −2𝑗 (38 + 34𝑗) −2𝑗 −76𝑗 + 68 𝒙 = 𝟏 ∨ 𝒙 = −𝟏
𝐼𝑚 [ ] + 4𝑗 = 𝐼𝑚 [ ∗ ] + 4𝑗 = 𝐼𝑚 [ ∗ ] + 4𝑗 = 𝐼𝑚 [ ] + 4𝑗 = −𝟏𝟗 + 𝟒𝒋
2𝑗 2𝑗 −2𝑗 2𝑗 −2𝑗 4
e. e.
𝑗(1 − 3𝑗) 3+𝑗 3+𝑗 3+𝑗 −2 + 2𝑗 −8 + 4𝑗 𝟏 𝟏 < 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟏)𝟐 ≤ 𝟒
= = = ∗ = = −𝟏 + 𝒋
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
2 + 2𝑗 ∗ 𝑗 7 (2 − 2𝑗) ∗ 𝑗 7𝑚𝑜𝑑 4 (2 − 2𝑗) ∗ −𝑗 −2 − 2𝑗 −2 + 2𝑗 8 𝟐
f.
2- 𝑅𝑒[(1 + 3𝑗)𝑧 − (1 + 4𝑗)] < 0 ⇒
a. 𝑅𝑒(𝑥 + 𝑦𝑗 + 3𝑥𝑗 − 3𝑦 − 1 − 4𝑗) =
𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1 𝟑
(1 − 2𝑦)𝑥 + (3 + 5𝑗)𝑦 = 1 + 3𝑗 ⇒ { ⇒𝒚 = ⇒𝒙=𝟒 𝑥 − 1 − 3𝑦 < 0
5𝑦 = 3 𝟓 𝒙 𝟏
b. 𝒚> −
6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝒚=𝟎⇒𝒙=𝟔 𝟑 𝟑
6𝑥 + 2𝑦 + (𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑗)𝑗 = 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 6)𝑗 ⇒ { ⇒ 11𝑦 + 36 = 𝑦 2 + 12𝑦 + 36 ⇒ {
𝑥 =𝑦+6 𝒚 = −𝟏 ⇒ 𝒙 = 𝟓
4- g.
a.
(𝑥 − 5) + 𝑦𝑗
𝑧2 2 −√3 + 3𝑗 −√3 + 3𝑗 √3 − 𝑗 | |<1⇒
2𝑧1 − (𝑧22 − 𝑧3 ) − = 2(√3 + 𝑗) − ((−√3 + 3𝑗) − (2 − 2√3𝑗)) − = 2√3 + 2𝑗 − (3 − 6√3𝑗 − 9 − 3 + 2√3𝑗) − . = 4+𝑗
𝑧1 √3 + 𝑗 √3 + 𝑗 √3 − 𝑗
−3 + √3𝑗 + 3√3𝑗 + 3 |(𝑥 − 5) + 𝑦𝑗| < |4 + 𝑗| ⇒
2√3 + 2𝑗 + 9 + 4√3𝑗 − = 𝟗 + 𝟐√𝟑 + (𝟐 + 𝟑√𝟑)𝒋 (𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 < 𝟏𝟕
4
b.
3 3 3
(𝑧1 − 𝑧2 − √3𝑧3 ) = (√3 + 𝑗 − (−√3 + 3𝑗) − √3(2 − 2√3𝑗)) = (2√3 − 2𝑗 − 2√3 + 6𝑗) = (4𝑗)3 = −𝟔𝟒𝒋 h.
5- 1 1 √𝟏𝟓
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 = 4 ∧ − < 𝑥 < ⇒ |𝒚| <
𝑦=0 2 2 𝟐
−𝑦 = 2𝑦𝑥 ⇒ −𝑦(1 + 2𝑥) = 0 ⇒ { 1
𝑥=−
2
𝟑
𝒚=√
𝑧 2 = 𝑧̅ ⇒ 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑗 = 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑗 ⇒ 𝟏 𝟒
𝒙=− ⇒
𝑥 2 − 𝑦2 = 𝑥 ⇒ 𝟐
𝟑
𝒚 = −√
{ 𝟒
𝒙=𝟎
{ { 𝒚=𝟎 ⇒{
𝒙=𝟏
b.
𝑥
𝑥=
𝑥 𝑦 𝑦2 + 𝑥 2
𝑧̅ = 𝑧 −1 ⇒ 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑗 = 2 − 𝑗⇒{ 𝑦 ⇒ {𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = |𝒛| 𝑽𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒆𝒔 𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒔
𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑦2 + 𝑥 2 −𝑦 = − 2
𝑦 + 𝑥2

6-
a.
𝑦=0
−𝑦 = 2𝑦𝑥 ⇒ −𝑦(1 + 2𝑥) = 0 ⇒ { 1
𝑥=−
2
𝟑
𝒚=√
𝑧 2 = 𝑧̅ ⇒ 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑗 = 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑗 ⇒ 𝟏 𝟒
𝒙=− ⇒
𝑥 2 − 𝑦2 = 𝑥 ⇒ 𝟐
𝟑
𝒚 = −√
{ 𝟒
𝒙=𝟎
{ { 𝒚=𝟎 ⇒{
𝒙=𝟏
b.
2 − 𝑥𝑗 2 − 𝑥𝑗 2 − 𝑥𝑗 4 − 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑗
= . = ⇒ 4 − 𝑥 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝒙 = 𝟐 ∨ 𝒙 = −𝟐 ⇒ 𝒛𝟏 = 𝒋 ∨ 𝒛𝟐 = −𝒋
2 + 𝑥𝑗 2 + 𝑥𝑗 2 − 𝑥𝑗 4 + 𝑥2
 8- PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 2 - Forma Polar
a. 10-
1 1−𝑗 𝟏 𝟏
(1 + 𝑗)𝑧 = 1 ⇒ 𝑧 = . = − 𝒋 Par Polar
1+𝑗 1−𝑗 𝟐 𝟐 Binómica Trigonométrica Exponencial
Ordenado [; ]
b. a+bj (cos+jsin) ej
1 1 (a;b) si z23 sumar 
𝑧
= 𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = = −𝒋
𝑗
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝑗𝜋
(√3; 1) √3 + 𝑗 [2; ] 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑗 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ) 2𝑒 6
c. 6 6 6
4 4 4 𝑗4𝜋
|𝑧| − 𝑧 = 1 + 2𝑗 = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑗 ⇒ {1 = − 𝑥 ⇒ 1 = √𝑥 2 + 4 − 𝑥 ⇒ (1 + 𝑥)2 = 𝑥 2 + 4 ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 4 ⇒ 𝑧 = 𝟑 − 𝟐𝒋
√𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 (−2; −2√3) −2 − 2√3𝑗 [4; 𝜋] 4 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋 + 𝑗 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜋) 2𝑒 3
−𝑦 = 2 𝟐 3 3 3
d. 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝑗𝜋
(√2, √2) √2 + 𝑗√2 [2; ] 2 (cos + 𝑗 sin ) 2𝑒 4
4 4 4
5+3 5−3 (−3,0) [3; 𝜋] 3𝑒 𝑗𝜋
𝑧 2 = 3 + 4𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = √3 + 4𝑗 = ±√ ±√ = ±𝟐 ± 𝒋 −3 3(cos 𝜋 + 𝑗 sin 𝜋)
2 2 3 3 3 3
e. (−4,4) −4 + 4𝑗 [√32; 𝜋] √32 (cos 𝜋 + 𝑗 sin 𝜋) 𝑒 𝑗4 𝜋
4 4 4
13 + 5 13 − 5 √3 1 √3 1 5 5 5 5
𝑧 2 = 5 − 12𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = √5 − 12𝑗 = ±√ ∓√ = ±𝟑 ∓ 𝟐𝒋 (− ; ) − + 𝑗 [1; 𝜋] cos 𝜋 + 𝑗 sin 𝜋 𝑒 𝑗6 𝜋
2 2 2 2 6 6 6
2 2
3 3 3 3
f. (0; −8) −8𝑗 [8; 𝜋] cos 𝜋 + 𝑗 sin 𝜋 8𝑒 𝑗2𝜋
2 2 3
25 + 7 √25 − 7
2 + 𝑗 ± √(−2 − 𝑗)2 − 4 ∗ 1 ∗ (−1 + 7𝑗) 2 + 𝑗 ± √4 − 1 + 4𝑗 + 4 − 28𝑗 2 + 𝑗 ± √7 − 24𝑗 2+𝑗±√ ∓ 𝑗
2 2
𝑧 2 − (2 + 𝑗)𝑧 + (−1 + 7𝑗) = 0 ⇒ = = = = 11-
2 2 2 2
2 + 𝑗 − 4 + 3𝑗 a.
𝑧1 = = −𝟏 + 𝟐𝒋
{ 2 𝑗𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 3 10 15 15 15
2 + 𝑗 + 4 − 3𝑗 𝑧 = 𝑧1 + 𝑧210 = 2𝑒 2 + (−1 + 𝑗)10 = 2 (cos + 𝑗 sin ) + [√2; 𝜋] = 2𝑗 + [25 ; 𝜋] = 2𝑗 + 32 (cos 𝜋 + 𝑗 sin 𝜋) =
𝑧2 = =𝟑−𝒋 2 2 4 2 2 2
2
g. 𝟑
2𝑗 − 32𝑗 = −30𝑗 = [𝟑𝟎; 𝝅]
5 + 3𝑗 ± √(−5 − 3𝑗)2 − 4 ∗ 1 ∗ (4 + 20𝑗) 5 + 3𝑗 ± √25 − 9 + 30𝑗 − 16 − 80𝑗 5 + 3𝑗 ± √−50𝑗 5 + 3𝑗 ± 5 ∓ 5𝑗 𝟐
𝑧 2 − (5 + 3𝑗)𝑧 + (4 + 20𝑗) = 0 ⇒ = = = = b.
2 2 2 2 𝑗5𝜋
5 + 3𝑗 − 5 + 5𝑗
𝑧1 = = 𝟒𝒋 𝑧1 16𝑒 6 16 5 3𝜋 𝝅
{ 2 𝑧= = = [ 3 ; 𝜋 − ] = [𝟐; ]
5 + 3𝑗 + 5 − 5𝑗 𝑧23 𝑗𝜋 3 2 6 4 𝟏𝟐
𝑧2 = =𝟓−𝒋 (2𝑒 4 )
2
h. c.
(2 + 𝑗)𝑧 2 − (5 − 𝑗)𝑧 + (2 − 2𝑗) = 0 ⇒
5 − 𝑗 ± √(−5 + 𝑗)2 − 4 ∗ (2 + 𝑗) ∗ (2 − 2𝑗) 5 − 𝑗 ± √25 − 1 − 10𝑗 + (−8 − 4𝑗) ∗ (2 − 2𝑗) 5 − 𝑗 ± √25 − 1 − 10𝑗 − 16 + 16𝑗 − 8𝑗 − 8
= = =
6 2 6 𝜋 4
2(2 + 𝑗) 4 + 2𝑗 4 + 2𝑗 𝑧 = 𝑧16 − 𝑧24 = (−1 + 𝑗√3) − (2 − 2𝑗)4 = [2; 𝜋] − [√8; ] = [26 ; 4𝜋] − [64; 𝜋] = 64 + 64 = [𝟏𝟐𝟖; 𝟐𝝅]
3 4
5−𝑗−1+𝑗 4 𝟒 𝟐 12-
𝑧1 = = = − 𝒋
5 − 𝑗 ± √−2𝑗 4 + 2𝑗 4 + 2𝑗 𝟓 𝟓
= a.
4 + 2𝑗 5 − 𝑗 + 1 − 𝑗 6 − 2𝑗 4 − 2𝑗
𝑧2 = = . =𝟏−𝒋 4 4 𝑛 4 4
{ 4 + 2𝑗 4 + 2𝑗 4 − 2𝑗 𝑧 = [2; 𝜋] ⇒ [2; 𝜋] = [2𝑛 ; 𝑛 𝜋] 𝑠𝑖 𝑧 ∈ 𝑅 + ⇒ 𝜃 = 𝑘2𝜋 ⇒ 𝑛 𝜋 = 2𝑘𝜋 ⇒ 𝒏 𝒆𝒔 𝑴𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒑𝒍𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝟑
3 3 3 3
i. b.
𝑧 3 = [23 ; 4𝜋] = 𝟖
2
16 + 16 c.
𝑧 = √−16 = ±√ 𝑗 = ±4𝑗 ⇒ 𝑛
2 4 4 4 4
𝑧 = √4𝑗 = ±√2 ± √2𝑗 𝑧 = [2; 𝜋] ⇒ [2; 𝜋] = [2𝑛 ; 𝑛 𝜋] 𝑠𝑖 𝑧 ∈ 𝑅 − ⇒ 𝜃 = 𝑘𝜋 ⇒ 𝑛 𝜋 = 𝑘𝜋 ⇒ 𝒏 ∉ 𝑵 ⇒ ∄𝒛
3 3 3 3
𝒛 = ±√𝟐 ± √𝟐𝒋 ∨ 𝒛 = ±√𝟐 ∓ √𝟐𝒋
j. PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 3 - Raices n-ésimas
𝑧 = ±(1 − 𝑗)2 = ±(−2𝑗)
𝒛 = ±𝟐𝒋 13-
9- Este ejercicio se puede resolver dividiendo el giro por el indice de la raiz y sumándoselo a la fase
a. dividida también por el índice.
2 𝟐
𝑠𝑖 𝑎 = 1 ⇒ 𝑥 + (−𝑧1 − 𝑧2 )𝑥 + (𝑧1 ∗ 𝑧2 ) = 0 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑧1 = 3 𝑦 𝑧2 = 3 + 𝑗 ⇒ 𝒙 − (𝟔 + 𝒋)𝒙 + (𝟗 + 𝟑𝒋) = 𝟎 a.
b. 3 3
𝑆𝐼 𝑇𝑂𝐷𝑂𝑆 𝑆𝑈𝑆 𝐶𝑂𝐸𝐹𝐼𝐶𝐼𝐸𝑁𝑇𝐸𝑆 𝑆𝑂𝑁 𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐿𝐸𝑆 𝑆𝐼 𝐸𝑋𝐼𝑆𝑇𝐸 𝑍1 𝐿𝐴 𝑍2 = 𝑍1̅ ⇒ ∄ 𝑧 3 = −𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = √[1; 𝜋] ⇒
2
𝟏 𝟕 𝟏𝟏
𝑾 = {[𝟏; 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅]}
𝟐 𝟔 𝟔
b.
4 𝜋
𝑧 4 = 1 + 𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = √[√2; ] =
4
𝟖 𝝅 𝟖 𝟗 𝟖 𝟏𝟕 𝟖 𝟐𝟓
𝑾 = {[ √𝟐; ] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅]}
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟔
c.
7
3 1 −𝑗
3 [√2; 𝜋]
𝑧 = √2 =√ 4 = 3√[√2 ; 19 𝜋] =
√3 + 𝑗 𝜋 2 12
[2; 6 ]

𝟔 𝟏 𝟏𝟗 𝟔 𝟏 𝟒𝟑 𝟔 𝟏 𝟔𝟕
𝑾 = {[ √ ; 𝝅] ; [ √ ; 𝝅] ; [ √ ; 𝝅]}
𝟐 𝟑𝟔 𝟐 𝟑𝟔 𝟐 𝟑𝟔
d.
6 2
𝑧 6 + 1 = √3𝑗 ⇒ 𝑧 = √[2; 𝜋] =
3
𝟔 𝝅 𝟔 𝟒 𝟔 𝟕 𝟔 𝟏𝟎 𝟔 𝟏𝟑 𝟔 𝟏𝟔
𝑾 = {[ √𝟐; ] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅] ; [ √𝟐; 𝝅]}
𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗 𝟗
 e. c.
4 4
𝜑 + 2𝑘𝜋 4 4 4
1 4 1 1 4 1 𝜋 √𝑧 = [ √𝜌; ] = [√32 + 42 ; 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑎𝑛 ] = [5; 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑎𝑛 ] ⇒ 𝜑 = 4 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑎𝑛
4 𝑛 3 3 3
(−1 + 𝑗)𝑧 4 + 1 = 0 ⇒ 𝑧 = √− = √ + 𝑗 = √[√ ; ] 4 1 4 1
−1 + 𝑗 2 2 2 4 𝑣1 = 5 cos (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) + 5 sin (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) 𝑗 = −𝟒 + 𝟑𝒋.
3 2 3 2
4 4
𝟖 𝟏 𝝅 𝟖 𝟏 𝟗 𝟖 𝟏 𝟏𝟕 𝟖 𝟏 𝟐𝟓 𝑣2 = 5 cos (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) + 5 sin (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) 𝑗 = −𝟑 − 𝟒𝒋.
𝑾 = {[ √ ; ] ; [ √ ; 𝝅] ; [ √ ; 𝝅] ; [ √ ; 𝝅]} 3 3
𝟐 𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟏𝟔 4 3 4 3
𝑣1 = 5 cos (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) + 5 sin (𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑇𝑔 ( ) + 𝜋) 𝑗 = 𝟒 − 𝟑𝒋.
3 2 3 2
f.
6 3
𝑧 6 + 27𝑗 = 0 ⇒ 𝑧 = 6√−27𝑗 = √[27; 𝜋]
2
𝝅 𝟕 𝟏𝟏 𝟓 𝟏𝟗 𝟐𝟑
𝑾 = {[√𝟑; ] ; [√𝟑; 𝝅] ; [√𝟑; 𝝅] ; [√𝟑; 𝝅] ; [√𝟑; 𝝅] ; [√𝟑; 𝝅]}
𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟒 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐

14-
a.
3
𝑧 3 = 1 ⇒ 𝑧 = √[1;0] ⇒
𝟐 𝟒
𝑾 = {[𝟏, 𝟎]; [𝟏; 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅]}
𝟑 𝟑
b.
𝑆𝑖 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑤18
• w0 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑁𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑎.
• w1 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒.
• mcd(2,18) = 2. d.
𝐵𝑢𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝐴𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑅𝑎𝑖𝑧 𝐶𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑎:
• mcd(3,18) = 3. 4 2𝜋 𝜋
𝑉𝑖 = √−4 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑖 = 0,1,2,3. 𝑦 𝐹 = =
• mcd(4,18) = 2. 4 2
𝜋+0 𝜋 𝜋
• mcd(5,18) = 1. 𝑣0 = [√2,
4
] = √2 ∗ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ( ) + √2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ) 𝑗 = 1 + 𝐽
4 4
• … 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑣1 = √2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( + ) + √2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( + ) 𝑗 = −𝟏 + 𝒋.
4 2 4 2
𝑺𝒐𝒍 = {𝒘𝟏 , 𝒘𝟓 , 𝒘𝟕 , 𝒘𝟏𝟏 , 𝒘𝟏𝟑 , 𝒘𝟏𝟕 } 𝜋 𝜋
c. 𝑣2 = √2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( + 𝜋) + √2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( + 𝜋) 𝑗 = −𝟏 − 𝒋.
4 4
𝑆𝑖 𝑛 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑜, 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜 13 𝜋 3 𝜋 3
𝑣3 = √2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( + 𝜋) + √2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( + 𝜋) 𝑗 = 1 − 𝑗.
4 2 4 2
• w0 𝑛𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑎 𝑒𝑠 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎.
• w1 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒.
• mcd(2,13) = 1.
• mcd(3,13) = 1.
• mcd(4,13) = 1.
• …
𝑺𝒐𝒍 = 𝟏 ≤ 𝒌 ≤ 𝒏;
15-
a.
2𝜋 𝜋
𝑤0 = [1,0] 𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜 = ⇒
6 3
𝝅 𝟐 𝟒 𝟓
𝑽 = {[𝟏, 𝟎]; [𝟏, ] ; [𝟏; 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅]; [𝟏; 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅]}
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
e.
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝐻𝑒𝑥á𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝑓𝑖𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑧 𝑠𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑎:
6
𝜌 = √26 = 2
2𝜋 𝜋 𝑏 ∗ℎ
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 6 𝑡𝑟𝑖á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑙á𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 Á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜: = ⇒𝐴=6∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜:
6 3 2
𝜋 𝐶𝑎𝑡𝑂𝑝 ℎ 𝜋
𝑇𝑔 ( ) = = ⇒ ℎ = 𝑇𝑔 ( ) ⇒
3 𝐶𝑎𝑡𝐴𝑑𝑦 2 3
(2) 𝑀𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝜋
2 ∗ 𝑇𝑔 ( )
𝐴=6∗ 3 = 𝟔√𝟑.
2

b.
𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑤0 = [5, ] 𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜 = ⇒
2 3 3
𝝅 𝟕 𝟏𝟏
𝑽 = {[𝟓, ] ; [𝟓, 𝝅] ; [𝟏; 𝝅]}
𝟐 𝟔 𝟔
 c.
16- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝑝𝑖
𝑧 = 𝑗 1+𝑗 = 𝑗 2−2𝑗 = 𝑒 (2−2𝑗)(ln 𝑗) = 𝑒 (2−2𝑗)(2 𝑗) = 𝑒 4 +4 𝑗 = 𝑒 4 ∗ (cos ( ) + sin ( ) 𝑗) =
a. 4 4
𝝅 √𝟐 √𝟐
𝑆𝑖 𝑛 = 9 ⇒ 𝒛 = 𝒆𝟒 ( + 𝒋)
𝟐 𝟐
𝑤8 𝑒𝑠 𝑅𝑎𝑖𝑧 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 ⇒ d.
𝑘 𝑁𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑜 ⇒ 𝑗 𝜋 𝜋
𝑧 = (√3 + 𝑗) = 𝑒 𝑗 𝑙𝑛(√3+𝑗) = 𝑒 𝑗 ln 2−6 = 𝑒 −6 𝑒 𝑗 ln 2
𝑭𝑨𝑳𝑺𝑶 𝝆=
𝝅
𝒆−𝟔
b. e.
𝑚𝑐𝑑(2,2𝑛 + 1) = 1 1 √3 5
𝑙𝑛 ( − 𝑗) 𝜋𝑗
1 1 √3 √3 2 2 30 𝟏𝟎
𝑽𝑬𝑹𝑫𝑨𝑫𝑬𝑹𝑶 𝑙𝑛 ( − 𝑗) = 𝑙𝑛 ( − 𝑗) ⇒ 𝑧 = = 3 = =
𝑧 2 2 2 √3 1 11 33 𝟏𝟏
𝑙𝑛 ( − 𝑗) 𝜋𝑗
2 2 6
c.
𝜋+0 𝜋 + 2𝜋 𝜋 + 4𝜋 𝜋 + 6𝜋 f.
√2 √2
𝑆𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝜑 = 𝜋 ⇒ [−; ] , [−; ] , [−; ] , [−; ] 𝑧=𝑒
5𝑗 𝑙𝑛(− +𝑗 )
2 2
3 𝟏𝟓
= 𝑒 5𝑗4𝜋𝑗 = 𝒆− 𝟒 𝝅
4 4 4 4
𝑣0 = 𝑘 + 𝑘𝑗 ; 𝑣1 = −𝑘 + 𝑘𝑗
𝑣2 = −𝑘 − 𝑘𝑗 = ̅̅̅ 𝑣1 PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 5 – Ejercicios combinados
𝑣3 = 𝑘 − 𝑘𝑗 = ̅̅̅𝑣0 20-
𝑽𝑬𝑹𝑫𝑨𝑫𝑬𝑹𝑶 a.
(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) + 2𝑥 = 3
d. 𝑨 = {(𝒙 + 𝒚𝒋) ∈ ℂ \ (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒}
𝑤1 , 𝑤7 , 𝑤11 , 𝑤13 , 𝑤17 , 𝑤19 , 𝑤23 , 𝑤29 b.
2
𝑽𝑬𝑹𝑫𝑨𝑫𝑬𝑹𝑶 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝐹 =
𝜋⇒
5
5 3 11 19 27 7
PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 4 – Logaritmo Natural y Exponenciales complejas 𝐶1 = {𝑤0 = [ √√2 ,
5 𝜋] , 𝑤1 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤2 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤3 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤4 = [√2, 𝜋]} ∩ 𝐶2 = {5𝑥 2 + 5𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 2 − 3𝑦 2 ≤ 8
17- 20 20 20 20 4
a. 3 11 19 27 7 𝑥 2 𝑦2
ln(𝑧) = ln(√3 − √3𝑗) = 𝐶1 = {𝑤0 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤1 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤2 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤3 = [√2, 𝜋] , 𝑤4 = [√2, 𝜋]} ∩ 𝐶2 = { + ≤ 1}
20 20 20 20 4 4 4
2 2 𝜋 5
√
ln ( (√3) + (√3) ) + (− + 2𝑘𝜋) 𝑗 = Reemplazamos por las coordenadas en binómica
4 Y observamos si está dentro de la elipse.
𝝅
𝒍𝒏(√𝟔) + (− + 𝟐𝒌𝝅) 𝒋
𝟒 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟕
𝑩 = {𝒘𝟏 = [√𝟐, 𝝅] , 𝒘𝟑 = [√𝟐, 𝝅]}
b. 𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎
ln(𝑧) = ln(−4) = 𝒍𝒏 (𝟒) + (𝝅 + 𝟐𝒌𝝅)𝒋 c.
𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒗𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒔 𝒍𝒂 𝒄𝒖á𝒅𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂 ⇒
c. 6 − 2𝑗 + √(6 − 2𝑗)2 − 4(11 − 10𝑗) 6 − 2𝑗 − √36 − 4 − 24𝑗 − 44 + 40𝑗
𝑗𝜋 𝑗𝜋 𝑗𝜋
ln(𝑧) = ln(−𝑒 ) = ln((𝑒 )𝑒 ) = ln(𝑒 𝑗2𝜋
) = 𝟐𝒌𝝅𝒋 𝐶1 = { ; } ∩ 𝐶2 = {𝑧 ∈ ℂ … |𝑧 − 3| ≤ 2}
2 2
d. 20 − 12 √20 + 12
𝜋 𝛑 6 − 2𝑗 − (∓√ ∓ 𝑗)
6 − 2𝑗 + √−12 + 16𝑗 2 2
ln(𝑧) = ln(√2 𝑒 4𝑗 ) = 𝐥𝐧(√𝟐) + ( + 𝟐𝐤𝛑) 𝐣 𝐶1 = ; ∩ 𝐶2 = {𝑧 ∈ ℂ … |𝑧 − 3| ≤ 2}
𝟒 2 2
e. { }
3 𝟑 𝐶1 = {𝑧0 = 4 + 𝑗; 𝑧1 = 2 − 3𝑗} ∩ 𝐶2 = {𝑧 ∈ ℂ … |𝑧 − 3| ≤ 2} ⇒
ln(𝑧) = ln( 𝑒 −2𝜋𝑗 ) = (− 𝛑 + 𝟐𝐤𝛑) 𝐣
𝟐 |4 + 𝑗 − 3| = √2 < 2 ⇒ 𝑧0 ∈ 𝐶2
{ ⇒ 𝑪 = {𝟒 + 𝒋}
18- |2 − 3𝑗 − 3| = √10 > 2 ⇒ 𝑧0 ∉ 𝐶2

3 3 d.
ln (√(𝑘 + 4)2 + ) = 0 ⇒ (𝑘 + 4)2 + = 1 ⇒ (𝑥 − 2)2 + 𝑦 2 + 1 ≥ 2𝑦 2
4 4
−(𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ≤ 𝟏
63 e.
𝑘 2 + 8𝑘 + = 4𝑘 2 + 32𝑘 + 63 = 0 ⇒ 5𝑥 2 + 5𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 > 9
4 𝒙𝟐
𝟕 𝟗 𝑬 = {(𝒙 + 𝒚𝒋) ∈ ℂ … + 𝒚𝟐 > 𝟏 ∧ 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ≤ 𝟑𝟐 }
𝐤=− ∨ 𝒌=− 𝟗
𝟐 𝟐
19-
a.
𝑧 ln(1 + 𝑗) = 0
𝒛 = 𝟎.
b.
1 √3
𝑧 ln ( + 𝑗) = ln(𝑗)
2 2
𝜋 𝜋
𝑧 𝑗= 𝑗
3 2
𝟑
𝒛=
𝟐
 PRACTICA DE NUMEROS COMPLEJOS – Parte 5 – Superposición de señales armónicas
22-
a.
𝜋 𝜋 5 5
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒 [5𝑒 𝑗(2𝑡−3 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 5𝑒 −3 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = − √3𝑗
{ 2 2 ⇒ 𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = 9.43 − 0.33𝑗 = 9.43𝑒 −𝑗0.035
𝜋 𝜋
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒 [8𝑒 𝑗(2𝑡+6 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 8𝑒 6 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = 4√3 + 4𝑗
𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[9.43𝑒 −𝑗0.035𝑒 𝑗2𝑡] = 𝑅𝑒[9.43𝑒 𝑗(2𝑡−0.035) ] = 𝟗. 𝟒𝟑 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟐𝒕 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟓)
b.
𝜋 𝜋
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚 [𝑒 𝑗(5𝑡−2 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 𝑒 −2 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = −𝑗
1
{ ⇒ 𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = − 0.134𝑗 = 0.517𝑒 −𝑗0.262
𝜋 𝜋 1 √3 2
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚 [𝑒 𝑗(5𝑡+3 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 𝑒 3 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = + 𝑗
2 2
−𝑗0.262 𝑗5𝑡 ] 𝑗(5𝑡−0.262) ]
𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚[0.517𝑒 𝑒 = 𝐼𝑚[0.517𝑒 = 𝟗. 𝟒𝟑 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟓𝒕 − 𝟎. 𝟐𝟔𝟐)
c.
𝜋 𝜋 √2 √2
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚 [𝑒 𝑗(2𝑡+4 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 𝑒 4 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = + 𝑗 1
2 2
{ 𝜋 𝜋 1
⇒ 𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = − 0.159𝑗 = 1.217𝑒 −𝑗0.131 𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚[1.217𝑒 −𝑗0.131 𝑒𝑗2𝑡] =
𝑗(2𝑡− ) − 𝑗 √3 1.207
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚 [𝑒 3 ] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 𝑒 3 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = − 𝑗
2 2
𝐼𝑚[1.217𝑒 𝑗(2𝑡−0.131) ] = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟏𝟕 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟐𝒕 − 𝟎. 𝟏𝟑𝟏)
d.
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[4𝑒 𝑗(3𝑡) ] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 4𝑒 0 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = 4
{ 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 ⇒
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐼𝑚[6𝑒 𝑗(3𝑡) ] = 𝑅𝑒 [6𝑒 𝑗(2 −3𝑡) ] = 𝑅𝑒 [6𝑒 𝑗(−2 +3𝑡) ] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 6𝑒 −2 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = −6𝑗
𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = 4 − 6𝑗 = 7.21𝑒 −𝑗0.983
𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[7.21𝑒 −𝑗0.983 𝑒𝑗3𝑡] = 𝑅𝑒[7.21𝑒 𝑗(3𝑡−0.983) ] = 𝟕. 𝟐𝟏 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟑𝒕 − 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖)
e.
𝜋 𝜋
𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒 [4𝑒 𝑗(3𝑡+4 )] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 4𝑒 4 𝑗 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = 2√2 + 2√2𝑗
{ 𝜋 𝜋 ⇒
𝑗(3𝑡− ) − 𝑗
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒 [6𝑒 3 ] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 6𝑒 3 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = 3 − 3√3𝑗
−𝑗0.38
𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = 5.828 − 2.368𝑗 = 6.29𝑒
𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[6.29𝑒 −𝑗0.38 𝑒𝑗3𝑡] = 𝑅𝑒[6.29𝑒 𝑗(3𝑡−0.38) ] = 𝟔. 𝟐𝟗 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟑𝒕 − 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖)

23-
a.
𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑒 𝑓(𝑡) ± 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐴𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡+𝜙𝑓 ) ± 𝐵𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡+𝜙𝑔) = 𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑡(𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑓 ± 𝐵𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑔 )
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑓 + 𝐵𝑒 𝜋𝑗 𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑔 = 0 ⇒ 𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑓 = 𝐵𝑒 𝑗(𝜋+𝜙𝑔) = 0
𝑆𝑖 𝑨 = 𝑩 𝒚 𝝓𝒇 = 𝝅 + 𝝓𝒈 ⇒ 𝑓(𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) = 0 (𝑁𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙)
𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐
b.
𝑆𝑖𝑟𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑭𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐
c.
𝜋
𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑒 𝑓(𝑡) ± 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝐴𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡+𝜙𝑓) + 𝐴𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡+𝜙𝑔) = 𝐴𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡) (𝑒 𝑗𝜙𝑓 + 𝑒 𝑗(𝜙𝑓 +2 )) ≠ 0
𝑌𝑎 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝐴 𝑙𝑎 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑.
𝑽𝒆𝒓𝒅𝒂𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒐
24-
𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑒 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡) + 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙) = 𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡) (𝐴 + 𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜙 ) ⇒

𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜔𝑡] ⇒ 𝐹𝑓 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑗0 𝑎 𝑣𝑓 = 𝐴

{ ⇒
𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑅𝑒[𝐴𝑒 𝑗(𝜔𝑡+𝜙) ] ⇒ 𝐹𝑔 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑗𝜙 𝑎 𝑣𝑔 = 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙) + 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜙) 𝑗

𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔 = (𝐴 + 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙)) + 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛( 𝜙)𝑗

|𝑣𝑓 + 𝑣𝑔| = 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑(𝑓 + 𝑔) = (𝐴 + 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙))2 + (𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜙))2 = 𝐴2 ⇒

(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙))2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜙))2 = 1 + 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2(𝜙) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝜙) = 1 ⇒

1
𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜙) = − ⇒
2
𝟐
𝝓= 𝝅
𝟑