DISEÑO DE UN PUENTE LOSA

DIMENSIONES GEOMETRICAS: DATOS DE LA CARGA VEHICULAR:

B
L =longitud 8.00 m N_v =numero de vias 2
W=ancho total 8.50 m Carga Vehicular HL−93
B=ancho calzada 7.30 m
a=ancho acera a
0.60 m Armadura principal paralelo al trafico a
h_a=altura acera 0.15 m
b_b=base bordillo 0.20 m h_a
h_r=rodadura 0.05 m
b_b
PROPIEDADES DEL MATERIAL: W

〖 f′ 〗 _c=resistencia H° 210 kgf/cm2

f_y=fluencia acero
4200 kgf/cm2
γ_(H°)=peso del H°
2500 kgf/m3
γ_(asf.)=peso asfalto 2200 kgf/m3
E_s=modulo acero

SOLUCION: Caso de dos o mas vias cargadas:

Calculo espesor de losa tabla 2.5.6.3-1 AASHTO STANDAR:
L_1 = 8.00 m
h≥1.2(L+3)/30 =
0.44 m Tomar: 0.45 m W_1 = 8.50 m
W = 8.50 m
ANALISIS DE CARGAS: N_L= 2.00
Carga Muerta: Art. 3.5.1 AASHTO LRFD:
E=2.1+0.12√(L_1 W_1 )≤W/N_L =
1.- Calculo del peso propio de la losa "DC" 3.09 ≤ 4.25 cumple
Peso propio:
P_p=h∗γ_(H°)∗1m = 1125.00 kgf/m E = 3.09 m

Momento peso propio: CAMION DE DISEÑO TANDEM:

Para longitudes menores a 12m, el Tandem de diseño produce
M_pp=1/8∗P_p∗L^2 =
9000.00 kgf*m mayores esfuerzos que el camion de diseño:

2.- Calculo del peso de la rodadura: "DW"

Peso propio:
P_DW=h∗γ_DW∗1m = 110.00 kgf/m

Momento carpeta de rodadura:

M_DW=1/8∗P_DW∗L^2 = 11.33 tnf

880.00 kgf*m 11.33 tnf

1.20 m
Carga Viva: "LL+IM"
1.- Ancho Equivalente: (armadura principal paralelo al trafico) Momento por carga viva:
Dos o mas vias cargadas simultaneamente P=carga puntual = 11.34 tnf
E=ancho efectivo = 3.09 m
E=2.1+0.12√(L_1 W_1 )≤W/N_L
F=nueva carga = 3.67 tnf/m

E=ancho equivalente Momento maximo sera:

L_1=menor valor (m)entre la longitud real y 18m
M_L=2F/L [L/2+x]^2−1.2F =
W_1=menor valor (m)entre el ancho real y 18m(2 vias ) 12.56 tnf·m
 M_L=2F/L [L/2+x]^2−1.2F =
W_1=menor valor (m)entre el ancho real y 18m(2 vias )
W_1=menor valor (m)entre el ancho real y 9m(1 vai)
W=ancho total(m) M_L = 12562.09 kgf·m
N_L=numero de cariles de diseño
CARGA DE CARRIL: b.- 1.33M_u
1.33M_u= 6139078.51 kgf·cm
q= 960.00 kgf/m Tenemos:
E= 3.09 m 1.2M_cr=1.2f_r S = 1179765.00 kgf·cm
1.33M_u = 6139078.51 kgf·cm

El menor valor es = 1179765.00 kgf·cm

= 11797.65 kgf·m
Condicion:
Remplazando tenemos: M_U=M_u≥Menor valor
q/E = 310.73 kgf M_U= Cumple acero minimo...

El momento sera: Conclusion: El acero calculado es correcto entonces usar:

M_carril=1/8∗q∗L^2 =
2485.84 kgf·m A_(Scal.)= 32.89 cm2
Diametro asumido
MOMENTO DEBIDO A LA CARGA VEHICULAR SERA: 𝜙_𝑚𝑚 = 25 mm 4.910 cm2
Momento debido a la carga vehicular: Separacion de varillas:
𝑆= 14.92993 Tomar 14.50 cm
〖 M_LL 〖 =M 〗 _L+M15047.93
〗 _carrilkgf·m
=
USAR: 𝝓 25 mm/c 14.50 cm
Momento debido a la carga vehicular mas impacto:
Impacto: I = 33% AREA DE ACERO REAL: 𝐀_𝐒𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐥= 33.86 cm2

〖 M_(LL+IM) 〖 =1.33∗M 〗 _L+M 〗 _carril

19193.42 kgf·m
= CALCULO DEL ACERO DE DISTRIBUCION:
• Para armadura principal paralelo al trafico:
CALCULO DEL MOMENTO ULTIMO DE DISEÑO:
η= 55/√𝐿≤50 % =
Para el estado limite de resistencia I: 1.00 19.45 %

M_u=η[1.25M_DC+1.50M_DW+1.75M_(LL+IM) ]
USAR: = 19.45 %
M_u= 46158.49 kgf·m
El acero de sistribucion es:

𝐀_(𝐒𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭.)=
6.59 cm2
CALCULO AREA DE ACERO:
Datos: Diametro asumido:
h= 0.45 m = 45.00 cm 𝝓= 12 mm = 1.13 cm2
b= 1.00 m = 100.0 cm Separacion:
r_cub=0.025 = 2.50 𝑺=
m cm 17.15 cm Tomar: 17.00 cm
ϕ_(lon.)=
0.025 m = 2.50 cm
d= 0.41 m = 41.00 cm USAR: 𝝓 12 mm/c 17.00 cm

A_(Scal.)=(0.85∗f´c∗b)/fy (d−√(d^2−(2∗Mu)/(ϕ∗0.85∗f´c∗b))) 𝐀_(𝐒𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭.)=6.65 cm2

AREA DE ACERO REAL:

CALCULO DE ACERO POR TEMPERATURA:

A_(Scal.)=
32.89 cm2
A_(Stemp.)=0.18bh/(2(b+h)) =
2E+06
VERIFICACION AREA DE ACERO MINIMO:
La cantidad de acero debe ser capaz de resistir el menor
 valor de:1.2M_cr y 1.33M_u
a).- 1.2M_cr
f_cr=2.01√( 〖 f′ 〗 29.13
_c ) = kgf/cm2
S =bh^2/6 = 33750.00 cm3
1.2M_cr=1.2f_r S = 1179765.00 kgf·cm
Separacion DIAMETRO (mm)
(cm) 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
7 4.04 5.5 7.18 11.22 16.16 21.99 28.72 36.35 44.88
7.5 3.77 5.13 6.7 10.47 15.08 20.53 26.81 33.93 41.89
8 3.53 4.81 6.28 9.82 14.14 19.24 25.13 31.81 39.27
8.5 3.33 4.53 5.91 9.24 13.31 18.11 23.65 29.94 36.96
9 3.14 4.28 5.59 8.73 12.57 17.1 22.34 28.27 34.91
9.5 2.98 4.05 5.29 8.27 11.9 16.2 21.16 26.79 33.07
10 2.83 3.85 5.03 7.85 11.31 15.39 20.11 25.45 31.42
10.5 2.69 3.67 4.79 7.48 10.77 14.66 19.15 24.24 29.92
11 2.57 3.5 4.57 7.14 10.28 13.99 18.28 23.13 28.56
11.5 2.46 3.35 4.37 6.83 9.83 13.39 17.48 22.13 27.32
12 2.36 3.21 4.19 6.54 9.42 12.83 16.76 21.21 26.18
12.5 2.26 3.08 4.02 6.28 9.05 12.32 16.08 20.36 25.13
13 2.17 2.96 3.87 6.04 8.7 11.84 15.47 19.57 24.17
13.5 2.09 2.85 3.72 5.82 8.38 11.4 14.89 18.85 23.27
14 2.02 2.75 3.59 5.61 8.08 11 14.36 18.18 22.44
14.5 1.95 2.65 3.47 5.42 7.8 10.62 13.87 17.55 21.67
15 1.88 2.57 3.35 5.24 7.54 10.26 13.4 16.96 20.94
15.5 1.82 2.48 3.24 5.07 7.3 9.93 12.97 16.42 20.27
16 1.77 2.41 3.14 4.91 7.07 9.62 12.57 15.9 19.63
16.5 1.71 2.33 3.05 4.76 6.85 9.33 12.19 15.42 19.04
17 1.66 2.26 2.96 4.62 6.65 9.06 11.83 14.97 18.48
17.5 1.62 2.2 2.87 4.49 6.46 8.8 11.49 14.54 17.95
18 1.57 2.14 2.79 4.36 6.28 8.55 11.17 14.14 17.45
18.5 1.53 2.08 2.72 4.25 6.11 8.32 10.87 13.76 16.98
19 1.49 2.03 2.65 4.13 5.95 8.1 10.58 13.39 16.53
19.5 1.45 1.97 2.58 4.03 5.8 7.89 10.31 13.05 16.11
20 1.41 1.92 2.51 3.93 5.65 7.7 10.05 12.72 15.71
20.5 1.38 1.88 2.45 3.83 5.52 7.51 9.81 12.41 15.32
21 1.35 1.83 2.39 3.74 5.39 7.33 9.57 12.12 14.96
21.5 1.32 1.79 2.34 3.65 5.26 7.16 9.35 11.84 14.61
22 1.29 1.75 2.28 3.57 5.14 7 9.14 11.57 14.28
22.5 1.26 1.71 2.23 3.49 5.03 6.84 8.94 11.31 13.96
23 1.23 1.67 2.19 3.41 4.92 6.69 8.74 11.06 13.66
23.5 1.2 1.64 2.14 3.34 4.81 6.55 8.56 10.83 13.37
24 1.18 1.6 2.09 3.27 4.71 6.41 8.38 10.6 13.09
24.5 1.15 1.57 2.05 3.21 4.62 6.28 8.21 10.39 12.82
25 1.13 1.54 2.01 3.14 4.52 6.16 8.04 10.18 12.57
25.5 1.11 1.51 1.97 3.08 4.44 6.04 7.88 9.98 12.32
26 1.09 1.48 1.93 3.02 4.35 5.92 7.73 9.79 12.08
26.5 1.07 1.45 1.9 2.96 4.27 5.81 7.59 9.6 11.86
27 1.05 1.43 1.86 2.91 4.19 5.7 7.45 9.42 11.64
27.5 1.03 1.4 1.83 2.86 4.11 5.6 7.31 9.25 11.42
28 1.01 1.37 1.8 2.8 4.04 5.5 7.18 9.09 11.22
28.5 0.99 1.35 1.76 2.76 3.97 5.4 7.05 8.93 11.02
29 0.97 1.33 1.73 2.71 3.9 5.31 6.93 8.77 10.83
29.5 0.96 1.3 1.7 2.66 3.83 5.22 6.82 8.63 10.65
30 0.94 1.28 1.68 2.62 3.77 5.13 6.7 8.48 10.47
 22 24 25
54.3 64.63 70.12
50.68 60.32 65.45
47.52 56.55 61.36
44.72 53.22 57.75
42.24 50.27 54.54
40.01 47.62 51.67
38.01 45.24 49.09
36.2 43.08 46.75
34.56 41.13 44.62
33.05 39.34 42.68
31.68 37.7 40.91
30.41 36.19 39.27
29.24 34.8 37.76
28.16 33.51 36.36
27.15 32.31 35.06
26.22 31.2 33.85
25.34 30.16 32.72
24.52 29.19 31.67
23.76 28.27 30.68
23.04 27.42 29.75
22.36 26.61 28.87
21.72 25.85 28.05
21.12 25.13 27.27
20.55 24.45 26.53
20.01 23.81 25.84
19.49 23.2 25.17
19.01 22.62 24.54
18.54 22.07 23.95
18.1 21.54 23.37
17.68 21.04 22.83
17.28 20.56 22.31
16.89 20.11 21.82
16.53 19.67 21.34
16.18 19.25 20.89
15.84 18.85 20.45
15.52 18.46 20.04
15.21 18.1 19.63
14.91 17.74 19.25
14.62 17.4 18.88
14.34 17.07 18.52
14.08 16.76 18.18
13.82 16.45 17.85
13.58 16.16 17.53
13.34 15.87 17.22
13.11 15.6 16.93
12.89 15.34 16.64
12.67 15.08 16.36