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Para determinar la demanda bruta de la cedula de cultivo en estudio, se utiliza un cierto procedimiento
que emplea la fórmula de evapotranspiración de HEARGRAVES, Precipitación al 75% transferida de la
estación más cercana, entre otros, a continuación, se presenta el procedimiento seguido.
2. Se obtiene el periodo vegetativo del cultivo utilizado, según las fuentes de información
Para el rabanito se tiene los siguientes valores del periodo vegetativo, se calcularon promedios
para dos meses.
PERIODO VEGETATIVO
A B C D
0.80 0.85 0.85 0.75
1er mes 2do mes
0.83 0.80
L Sur ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
4 15.50 15.80 15.60 14.90 13.80 13.20 13.40 14.30 15.10 15.60 15.50 15.40
6 15.80 16.00 15.60 14.70 13.40 12.80 13.10 14.00 15.00 15.70 15.80 15.70
7.1423 15.97 16.06 15.54 14.53 13.23 12.57 12.87 13.83 14.94 15.76 15.91 15.87
8 16.10 16.10 15.50 14.40 13.10 12.40 12.70 13.70 14.90 15.80 16.00 16.00
10 16.40 16.30 15.50 14.00 12.50 11.60 12.00 13.20 14.70 15.80 16.40 16.50
Donde:
El = Altitud (m)
Reemplazando los datos anteriores, se tiene ETP para todos los meses:
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
ETP (mm/día) 3.34 3.12 2.89 2.62 2.58 2.61 2.87 3.30 3.40 3.40 3.67 3.52
ETP 103.39 87.452 78.532 80.035 78.309 102.31 105.47 110.0 109.26
89.613 89.083 102.01
(mm/mes) 9 9 8 3 1 4 2 4 4
Para la evapotranspiración real, se utiliza el Kc del cultivo para cada mes, en este caso será solo
para dos meses y un tercer mes de descanso, se utiliza la siguiente formula
ETC = ETP x Kc
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
2.67 2.40 2.09 2.17 2.30 2.82 2.72 2.93
ETC (mm/día)
31 31 30 30 31 30 31 31
Dias del mes
Primeramente, se obtienen los datos de la estación más cercana, en este caso, de la estación
Weberbauer.
AÑO ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
1964 78.00 74.50 120.00 72.30 31.90 15.20 8.50 16.90 27.20 64.30 97.20 60.90
1965 85.3 70.3 91 78.1 10.4 0 6.2 0 49.2 83.6 66 67.9
1966 62.7 45.9 54.5 47.9 40 0 0 0.7 13.1 76.8 62.7 18.7
1967 120.9 139.5 109.1 32.3 44.1 10.3 28.4 5.8 24.9 101 17.8 36.7
1968 58 81 67.7 26.6 14.9 1.6 1.6 16.2 50 66.4 54.6 70.8
1969 42 73.7 83.5 85.7 1.5 19.6 0.3 13.2 18.4 55.4 106.4 162
1970 71 41.8 79.9 54.5 33.8 19.9 3.2 2.5 18.2 103 51.4 54.1
1971 58.4 97.8 275.7 54.7 8 12.2 17.6 17.2 28.1 89.8 45.8 66.5
1972 55.5 67.6 113.8 76.2 18.1 4.4 3.4 20.6 29.0 31.4 66.5 50.2
1973 95.3 70.7 92.5 101.6 23.7 28.7 8.4 19.3 91 67 65.5 75
1974 61.6 140 89.1 59 4.6 17.3 6.5 27.6 38.7 70.7 55.1 76.8
1975 95.6 156.5 202 68.8 66.8 10 7.2 19.3 45.1 80.2 65.1 0.9
1976 130.4 62.9 81.3 34.5 43 23 0.1 4.4 12.3 32.2 71.6 44.4
1977 129.9 146.4 141.9 42.6 25.5 8 7.5 0.1 16.1 53.4 54.8 68.2
1978 12.7 34.4 48.8 37 65.6 3.9 4.4 3.8 25 24.4 54 44.8
1979 84.1 81.6 159.7 37.1 16.3 1.8 7.5 15.7 33.6 24.4 26.3 46.6
1980 34.9 42.4 65 29.3 6.9 15.1 3.2 6.7 2.3 130.4 111 106.7
1981 78.2 186.5 105.7 33.7 14.7 6.6 7.2 12.1 22 111.9 45.6 111.3
1982 71.7 102.9 75.7 88.7 38.2 7.8 2.1 6.6 43.9 124.8 67.3 87.4
1983 116.6 75.7 152.8 105.7 31.1 10.1 9.6 2.7 19.2 86.9 28.1 118.4
1984 24.7 233.6 123.8 80 69.5 25.1 23.4 18.7 36.7 68.6 97.6 104.1
1985 24.6 42.4 37.2 41.9 53 0.4 4.8 18.3 37.3 50 23.9 40.3
1986 84.4 47.7 96.8 120.2 16.2 0.6 1.2 14.6 1.3 43.6 66.2 51.8
1987 98.2 95.2 39.2 52.2 9.1 4 10.8 12.3 39.5 37.2 74.3 61.5
1988 109.7 105.5 44.8 95.6 10.6 5.4 0 0.4 32.9 69.2 65.2 63.4
1989 87 158.8 113.6 85.4 18.8 16.7 3.2 5.9 53.5 106.6 47.1 2.7
1990 101 68.5 58.3 27.4 29.5 24.6 0.8 7.1 20.1 87.6 99.1 72.3
1991 43.8 90 133.7 55.2 19.7 0.7 0.4 0.3 10.2 28.2 55.1 71.9
1992 52.6 31.8 66.6 46.5 18.9 21.2 4.6 10 40.8 64 32 31.4
1993 61 112.2 245 102.9 30.2 1.9 3.3 2.9 51.4 106.3 71.4 84.1
1994 116.9 103.1 170.2 144.9 35.3 3.3 0 0.2 11.9 27.2 89.8 122.6
1995 44.7 108.3 75.7 49.7 20.6 1.7 13.2 10.8 11.5 51.8 50.5 76.4
1996 65.2 124 120.1 50.4 13.7 0.8 0.5 15.8 13.9 76.2 68.6 34.1
1997 63.8 152.9 26.5 40.4 17 15.4 0.2 0 27.4 50.8 111.9 129.4
1998 103 116.5 257 83.9 19.6 4.8 1.3 4.7 17.8 79.6 29.1 47.9
1999 94.8 242.7 69.5 65 53.7 22.8 22.1 1.2 81.4 21.7 77 68.8
2000 46 162.3 126.3 77.3 40.5 15.6 2.1 13.4 56.6 9.9 44.5 122.3
2001 191.2 100.8 230.2 57.2 48.1 2.3 13.9 0 34.4 46.2 93.4 90.9
2002 27 60.8 133.1 77.2 23 8.8 10.7 3.4 14.6 90.3 99.9 86.1
2003 51.1 61.4 103.6 42.1 30.7 22.3 1.8 10.6 14.8 46 63.8 80.7
2004 72.6 100.6 134.7 59.8 31.4 11.7 8.5 4.4 21.2 78.4 63.0 77.5
2005 92.0 90.4 146.7 74.2 28.3 8.5 5.9 12.3 17.3 106.2 43.8 115.9
2006 66.9 95.1 173.9 78.8 14.1 18.7 4.1 6.5 54.2 50.9 63.7 83.5
2007 113.5 75.1 142.1 107.9 31.1 3.3 8.8 12.4 48.5 103.7 66.4 68.8
2008 80.2 133.3 118.4 99.1 22.7 15.4 2.3 11.7 34.7 96.5 72.2 77.33
2009 180.7 74.6 110.5 78.8 42.2 17.9 12.3 3.9 11.8 78.5 109.4 74.2
2010 49.5 112.9 154 88.4 31.6 8.6 2.6 1.3 28.9 43.4 52.5 70.8
2011 76.6 73.3 125.2 102 16.7 0.4 8.3 0 47.1 31.5 24.4 109.7
2012 154.2 134.7 126.4 72.8 51.5 0.8 0 2.5 19.1 83.3 120.3 58.3
2013 86.35 98 213.6 73.8 65.6 7.5 5.7 8.9 3.7 110.7 17 51.9
2014 74.7 68 143.2 78.8 26.9 5 2 3.9 27.7 26.5 45.7 114.9
2015 184.7 55.4 202.2 63 75.8 3 4.4 0.1 27.8 16.8 99.6 39.5
2016 82.9 85.3 121.3 56.2 7 1.6 2.1 1.1 25.1 60 16.1 63.1
2017 77.5 72.3 138.9 78.6 47.2 12 2.3 20.9 21.2 65.3 63.2 168.1
Dato P(x>=X
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
: )
191. 242. 144. 120. 168.
1 0.018 275.7 75.8 28.7 28.4 27.6 91 130.4
2 7 9 3 1
184. 233. 120. 111.
2 0.036 257 69.5 25.1 23.4 20.9 81.4 124.8 162
7 6 2 9
180. 186. 107. 129.
3 0.055 245 66.8 24.6 22.1 20.6 56.6 111.9 111
7 5 9 4
154. 162. 105. 109. 122.
4 0.073 230.2 65.6 23 17.6 19.3 54.2 110.7
2 3 7 4 6
130. 158. 102. 106. 122.
5 0.091 213.6 65.6 22.8 13.9 19.3 53.5 106.6
4 8 9 4 3
129. 156. 118.
6 0.109 202.2 102 53.7 22.3 13.2 18.7 51.4 106.3 99.9
9 5 4
120. 152. 101. 115.
7 0.127 202 53 21.2 12.3 18.3 50 106.2 99.6
9 9 6 9
116. 146. 114.
8 0.145 173.9 99.1 51.5 19.9 10.8 17.2 49.2 103.7 99.1
9 4 9
116. 16.9 111.
9 0.164 140 170.2 95.6 48.1 19.6 10.7 48.5 103 97.6
6 0 3
113. 139. 97.2 109.
10 0.182 159.7 88.7 47.2 18.7 9.6 16.2 47.1 101
5 5 0 7
109. 134. 106.
11 0.200 154 88.4 44.1 17.9 8.8 15.8 45.1 96.5 93.4
7 7 7
133. 104.
12 0.218 103 152.8 85.7 43 17.3 8.50 15.7 43.9 90.3 89.8
3 1
13 0.236 101 124 146.7 85.4 42.2 16.7 8.5 14.6 40.8 89.8 77 90.9
116.
14 0.255 98.2 143.2 83.9 40.5 15.6 8.4 13.4 39.5 87.6 74.3 87.4
5
112.
15 0.273 95.6 142.1 80 40 15.4 8.3 13.2 38.7 86.9 72.2 86.1
9
112.
16 0.291 95.3 141.9 78.8 38.2 15.4 7.5 12.4 37.3 83.6 71.6 84.1
2
108. 15.2
17 0.309 94.8 138.9 78.8 35.3 7.5 12.3 36.7 83.3 71.4 83.5
3 0
105.
18 0.327 92.0 134.7 78.8 33.8 15.1 7.2 12.3 34.7 80.2 68.6 80.7
5
103. 31.9
19 0.345 87 133.7 78.6 12.2 7.2 12.1 34.4 79.6 67.3 77.5
1 0
86.3 102. 77.3
20 0.364 133.1 78.1 31.6 12 6.5 11.7 33.6 78.5 66.5
5 9 3
100.
21 0.382 85.3 126.4 77.3 31.4 11.7 6.2 10.8 32.9 78.4 66.4 76.8
8
100.
22 0.400 84.4 126.3 77.2 31.1 10.3 5.9 10.6 29.0 76.8 66.2 76.4
6
23 0.418 84.1 98 125.2 76.2 31.1 10.1 5.7 10 28.9 76.2 66 75
24 0.436 82.9 97.8 123.8 74.2 30.7 10 4.8 8.9 28.1 70.7 65.5 74.2
25 0.455 80.2 95.2 121.3 73.8 30.2 8.8 4.6 7.1 27.8 69.2 65.2 72.3
26 0.473 78.2 95.1 120.1 72.8 29.5 8.6 4.4 6.7 27.7 68.6 65.1 71.9
78.0 120.0 72.3
27 0.491 90.4 28.3 8.5 4.4 6.6 27.4 67 63.8 70.8
0 0 0
27.2
28 0.509 77.5 90 118.4 68.8 26.9 8 4.1 6.5 66.4 63.7 70.8
0
29 0.527 76.6 85.3 113.8 65 25.5 7.8 3.4 5.9 25.1 65.3 63.2 68.8
30 0.545 74.7 81.6 113.6 63 23.7 7.5 3.3 5.8 25 64.30 63.0 68.8
31 0.564 72.6 81 110.5 59.8 23 6.6 3.2 4.7 24.9 64 62.7 68.2
32 0.582 71.7 75.7 109.1 59 22.7 5.4 3.2 4.4 22 60 55.1 67.9
33 0.600 71 75.1 105.7 57.2 20.6 5 3.2 4.4 21.2 55.4 55.1 66.5
34 0.618 66.9 74.6 103.6 56.2 19.7 4.8 2.6 3.9 21.2 53.4 54.8 63.4
74.5
35 0.636 65.2 96.8 55.2 19.6 4.4 2.3 3.9 20.1 51.8 54.6 63.1
0
36 0.655 63.8 73.7 92.5 54.7 18.9 4 2.3 3.8 19.2 50.9 54 61.5
60.9
37 0.673 62.7 73.3 91 54.5 18.8 3.9 2.1 3.4 19.1 50.8 52.5 0
38 0.691 61.6 72.3 89.1 52.2 18.1 3.3 2.1 2.9 18.4 50 51.4 58.3
39 0.709 61 70.7 83.5 50.4 17 3.3 2.1 2.7 18.2 46.2 50.5 54.1
40 0.727 58.4 70.3 81.3 49.7 16.7 3 2 2.5 17.8 46 47.1 51.9
41 0.745 58 68.5 79.9 47.9 16.3 2.3 1.8 2.5 17.3 43.6 45.8 51.8
42 0.764 55.5 68 75.7 46.5 16.2 1.9 1.6 1.3 16.1 43.4 45.7 50.2
43 0.782 52.6 67.6 75.7 42.6 14.9 1.8 1.3 1.2 14.8 37.2 45.6 47.9
44 0.800 51.1 62.9 69.5 42.1 14.7 1.7 1.2 1.1 14.6 32.2 44.5 46.6
45 0.818 49.5 61.4 67.7 41.9 14.1 1.6 0.8 0.7 13.9 31.5 43.8 44.8
46 0.836 46 60.8 66.6 40.4 13.7 1.6 0.5 0.4 13.1 31.4 32 44.4
47 0.855 44.7 55.4 65 37.1 10.6 0.8 0.4 0.3 12.3 28.2 29.1 40.3
48 0.873 43.8 47.7 58.3 37 10.4 0.8 0.3 0.2 11.9 27.2 28.1 39.5
49 0.891 42 45.9 54.5 34.5 9.1 0.7 0.2 0.1 11.8 26.5 26.3 36.7
50 0.909 34.9 42.4 48.8 33.7 8 0.6 0.1 0.1 11.5 24.4 24.4 34.1
51 0.927 27 42.4 44.8 32.3 7 0.4 0 0 10.2 24.4 23.9 31.4
52 0.945 24.7 41.8 39.2 29.3 6.9 0.4 0 0 3.7 21.7 17.8 18.7
53 0.964 24.6 34.4 37.2 27.4 4.6 0 0 0 2.3 16.8 17 2.7
54 0.982 12.7 31.8 26.5 26.6 1.5 0 0 0 1.3 9.9 16.1 0.9
Pp75 %=¿ D 75 %-¿ ¿*( Prob 75% −75 %)/( Prob 75% −Prob75 %−1)
PP (mm) ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
75% 57.38 68.38 78.85 47.55 16.28 2.20 1.75 2.20 17.00 43.55 45.78 51.40
PP (mm/mes) ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
75% 55.6 66.3 76.4 46.1 15.8 2.1 1.7 2.1 16.5 42.2 44.4 49.8
Para el cálculo de la precipitación efectiva se tiene en cuenta el coeficiente de escorrentía según las
tablas de la fao para terrenos de cultivo de pendiente superior al 0.916 % se tiene que C = 0.40
PP efc (mm/mes) ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
75% 33.4 39.8 45.8 27.6 9.5 1.3 1.0 1.3 9.9 25.3 26.6 29.9
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
RN 49.36 28.54 35.18 63.72 70.25 74.79 59.06 60.81
Para el cálculo del RB, es necesario conocer la eficiencia del sistema de riego, para el cual se
considerará 60% ya que se hará por inundación, entonces, la fórmula para hallar el requerimiento
bruto, es:
RN ¿
RB( ¿ )=
S( )
s eficiencia
ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV DIC
106.2 117.0 124.6 101.3
RB (m3/ha/mes) 82.27 47.56 58.64 98.43
0 8 4 4
RB (lts/seg/ha) 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04
RB (lts/seg) 0.10 0.57 0.72 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.2
CULTIVO Coef.Esc A (ha) Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha) Kc A (ha) Kc A (ha) Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha) Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha)Kc A (ha) Kc
Rabanitos 0.4 3.2 0.80 3.2 - 3.2 0.83 3.2 0.80 3.2 - 3.2 0.83 3.2 0.80 3.2 - 3.2 0.83 3.2 0.80 3.2 - 3.2 0.83
Area 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2
Coef. Kc. Ponderado 0.80 0.83 0.80 0.83 0.80 0.83 0.80 0.83
ETP (mm/mes) 103.40 89.61 78.53 78.31 89.08 102.01 105.47 109.26
ETC (mm/mes) 82.72 74.38 62.83 65.00 71.27 84.67 84.38 90.69
PP (75%) 55.59 DESCANS 76.40 46.07 DESCANSA 2.13 1.70 DESCANSA 16.47 42.20 DESCANSA 49.80
Coef. "C" 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
A EL EL EL EL
PE (mm/mes) 33.36 45.84 27.64 1.28 1.02 9.88 25.32 29.88
RN (mm/mes) 49.36 TERRENO 28.54 35.18 TERRENO 63.72 70.25 TERRENO 74.79 59.06 TERRENO 60.81
RN (m3/ha/mes) 493.63 285.38 351.82 637.18 702.49 747.85 590.59 608.07
RN (m3/mes) 1579.62 913.21 1125.83 2038.96 2247.97 2393.13 1889.89 1945.82
Dias del mes 31 31 30 30 31 30 31 31
RN (Lt/seg) 0.59 0.34 0.43 0.79 0.84 0.92 0.71 0.73
eficiencia aplicación 0.6
DEMANDA BRUTA
(Lt/seg) 0.98 0.57 0.72 1.31 1.40 1.54 1.18 1.21