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It is known that HLA was discovered in the year 50 and in 1936 Peter Goser
discovered the major histocompatibility complex at that time he saw that it was equal to
red blood cells. It is known that chromosome 6 in which there are 3 types of HLA
formation, HLA type A, type B, type C.
Later in 1970 the 2nd level HLA was discovered, in 1980 Jean Daussett won the Nobel
prize for medicine. The HLA is a family of genes in the distal zone of the centromere
are 3 class of regions: Class Region I, II, III these are highly polymorphic genes those
of class 1 are in place 12544 and those of class 2 are in the place 4622 in which in the
region of class I is the one that has placidos and is the HLA type A, B and C, in those
of class II is given by the type DR.
The molecules of class 1 are all somatic and these are of better abundance in cells of
the epithelium, these are formed by a chain Alpha1, Alpha 2, Alpha 3 each of these
divided by a space of 45 kDa
The life of presentation is given by class I and class II molecules, in class II the cells
gather and form unions that are taken to the membrane, these are taken to the
lysosome and are degraded by proteases.
The histocompatibility genes are inherited at random from the father and the mother,
25% from finding a compatible donor of children of father and mother.
These class 1 and 2 are differentiated by the variation in exon number 2.