1.

Escriba los principales conceptos descritos en la sección “Let’s listen” y “Let’s

read”, luego traduzca estos conceptos a español, a manera de glosario

 Balance Sheet: It reflects the structure of a company and has information

regarding a company’s assets, liabilities and available capital. This information
is presented at the end of a reporting period or on an annual basis.
 Hoja de balance: Refleja la estructura de una empresa y tiene información
sobre los activos, pasivos y capital disponible de una empresa esta información
se presenta al final del periodo de presentación de informes o anualmente.
 Cash Flow Statement: It indicates cash Flow changes (inflows and outflows)
over a particular period of time.
 Estado de flujo de efectivo: Indica los cambios de flujo de caja (entradas y
salidas) durante un periodo de tiempo particular.
 Creditors: Need an assurance that loans granted to a business and interests
on those loans Will be paid on time.
 Acreedores: Necesita una garantía de que los préstamos otorgados a una
empresa e intereses sobre esos préstamos se pagaran a tiempo.
 Financial analysts: Use information to provide services to clients (investors,
credit agencies).
 Analistas financieros: Utilizar información para proporcionar servicios a
clientes (inversores), agencias de créditos.
 Financial indicator or ratio: Is a relative magnitude of two numbers selected
from the financial statements of a company. As the financial statements
themselves, it is used by administrators or project stakeholders to interpret and
evaluate financial performance.
 Indicador financiero o razón: Es una magnitud relativa de dos números
seleccionados de los estados financieros de una empresa. Como los estados
financieros en si mismos, los administradores o partes interesadas del proyecto
lo utilizan para interpretar y evaluar el desempeño financiero.
 Government Institutions: Use information to allocate resources for statistical
purposes.
 Instituciones Gubernamentales: Utilizan información para asignar recursos
con fines estadísticos.
 Income statement: It reflects the results of a company’s operation in terms of
incomes, expenses, profits and losses over a year or particular period of time of
a Project.
 Estado de Resultados: Refleja los resultados de la operación de una
compañía en términos de ingresos, gastos, ganancias y pérdidas durante un
año o un periodo de tiempo particular de un proyecto.
 Management: Responsible for day to day business management. Need
information on financial situation of business, current and expected situation in
the future.
 Administración: Responsable de la gestion empresarial diaria. Necesita
información sobre la situación financiera de las empresas, es decir, la situación
actual y la esperada en el futuro.
 Price: In general, it’s the value given in Exchange for transfer of ownership as
it’s the essence of Commercial transactions. Three main parties take part in the
process: the buyer, the seller and the competition.
 Precio: En general, es el valor otorgado a cambio de la transferencia de
propiedad, ya que es la esencia de las transacciones comerciales. Allí, los
 principales participantes participan en el proceso: El comprador, el vendedor, y
la competencia.
 Public: Businesses are part of the public. They contribute to local economy,
employment, usage of local resources and environmental preservation.
Information here is used to evaluate such contribution.
 Publico: Las empresas son parte del público. Contribuyen en la economía
local, el empleo, el uso de los recursos locales y la preservación del medio
ambiente. La información aquí se usa para evaluar dicha contribución.
 Sales Budget: Is the first input a company needs to estimate incomes, costs,
expenses and generally, all the elements that make up the financial statements.
 Presupuesto de Ventas: Es la primera entrada que una empresa necesita
para estimar los ingresos, costos, gastos y en general, todos los elementos que
componen los estados financieros.
 Sales Forecasting: Is also a procedure a lot companies use to set their goals
and organize their operating plans.
 Pronóstico de Ventas: También es un procedimiento que utilizan muchas
empresas para establecer sus objetivos y organizan sus planes operativos.
 Share holder: Use information to assess performance of the management.
 Accionistas: Utilizan información para evaluar el rendimiento de la gestión.
 Taxation authorities: Use information for assessment of taxes, including sales
tax.
 Autoridades Fiscales: Utilizan información para la evaluación de impuestos,
incluido el impuesto de ventas.
 Trade partners: Suppliers selling goods need information on security of their
sales and payments. Customers buying goods need information on security and
stability of their purchases.
 Socios Comerciales: Los proveedores que venden bienes necesitan
información sobre la seguridad de sus ventas y pagos. Los clientes que
compran productos necesitan información sobre seguridad y estabilidad de sus
compras.

2. En la sección “Let’s write”, organice las palabras y agréguelas en las oraciones

incompletas. Escriba en el documento las palabras organizadas y pegue la captura
de pantalla donde se indique que termino el ejercicio exitosamente.

Financial Sales Price Sales Budget Financial

statement Forecasting Indicator

1. Price is the first and more relevant component of the classic “4 Ps” of
marketing.
2. Sales budget is the first input a company needs to estimate incomes, costs,
expenses and generally, all the elements that make un the financial statements.
Of the classic “4 Ps” of marketing.
3. Financial statement provides information on a business current financial
situation, performance and changes in its financial position to a wide range of
users, in order to support and guide management decision-making.
 4. Sales Forecasting are used by administrators or project stakeholders to
interpret and evaluate financial performance.
5. Financial Indicator is a procedure a lot of companies use to set their goals and
organize their operation plans.

3. En la sección “Vocabulary”, escuche cuidadosamente cada definición. Luego,

escoja la mejor opción que defina dicho concepto. Puede escuchar el audio hasta
tres veces. Al finalizar, tome una captura de pantalla con los ejercicios
correctamente desarrollados y agréguelos al documento.
4. Basado en la información contenida en el objeto de aprendizaje “Sales forecast
and Financial indicators”, elabore un dialogo cuyo tema sea una reunión de los
directivos de una empresa planean el informe de presupuesto.

 Mr. Fernandez: Good afternoon, Mr. Castro and Mrs. Torrado, today in our
meeting we are going to talk about the sales budget report of our company.
 Mr. Castro: Good afternoon, Mr. Fernandez, that’s ok, we have 2 weeks to
complete it and deliver it.
 Mrs. Torrado: how is the sales budget report prepared?
 Mr. Fernandez: Well, the first thing we should do is to know that it is a sales
budget.
 Mr. Castro: Yes, a sales budget is the first entry that the company needs to
estimate the income, expenses, costs and in general all the elements that make
up the company's financial statements.
 Mrs. Torrado: So, this document is too important as it will guide our company
to make specific decisions about marketing strategies, sales monitoring and so
on.
 Mr. Fernandez: Yes, also the price also influences, since it is the essence of
the company's commercial transactions.
 Mr. Castro: The buyers, the seller and the competition in the price also
influence.
 Mrs. Torrado: So, we need to analyze the suggestions of other competitors, we
must also ask ourselves whether the price chosen by the clients will pay for it or
another decision.
 Mr. Fernandez: We must make the budget in account to expenses such as
posters, auxiliar's chiefs, sale price per box to detal too.
 Mr. Castro: Yes, we must also keep a financial statement such as balance
sheet, income and outcome statement and statement of cash flow.
 Mrs. Torrado: Well, what I understand the objective of the financial statements
is to provide information about the current financial position of a company, the
performance and the changes they have.
 Mr. Fernandez: Yes, we must also look at that there are another external
factors like shareholders, administrators, business partners, creditors, tax
authorities and financial analysts and the public whom have a lot to do with our
budget.
 Mr. Castro: As we know the indicators of financial performance is grouped into:
use, profitability, liquidity, you can use several programs to create and analyze
financial statements.
 Mrs. Torrado: How we examination the profitability and success of our
business depends on how wisely we plan all the activities of our company.
 Mr. Fernandez: Yes, we also remember that the sales budget is essential for all
companies, even for the smallest companies, because it is the basis for making
accurate financial decisions and a good planning process.
 Mr. Castro: Since we finished analyzing how the sales budget is made, now we
can discuss it with the other members of the company.
 Mrs. Torrado: Yes, gentlemen thank you for all the information, we can now
make our report and present it.
 Mr. Fernandez: Thank you for coming to the meeting.
 Mr. Castro: You're welcome gentlemen, it worthwhile meeting