Resultados para el empuje hidrostático.

Variables totalmente sumergido

En el caso en que la cara vertical del cuadrante se halla totalmente sumergida, tenemos
una situación como la representada en la figura siguiente:

Prueba L(m) d(m) 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 (N) 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 (m) 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 (m) 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 (N)

1 0.04 0.130 8.240 0.1974 0.034 1.431

2 0.06 0.132 8.446 0.1972 0.050 2.149

3 0.08 0.144 9.682 0.1959 0.058 2.884

4 0.10 0.151 10.404 0.1953 0.068 3.617

5 0.12 0.158 11.125 0.1947 0.076 4.353

6 0.14 0.166 11.949 0.1942 0.083 5.092

7 0.16 0.173 12.670 0.1938 0.089 5.831

8 0.18 0.180 13.391 0.1934 0.095 6.574

9 0.20 0.189 14.318 0.1930 0.099 7.319

1°Hallando la fuerza hidrostática teórica mediante la siguiente
ecuación, variando la longitud y la profundidad de sumersión (d)
utilizando el cuadro anterior.
𝐷
𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = γ ∗ B ∗ D ∗ (d − )
2
0.1
1. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.130 − ) = 8.240𝑁
2

0.1
2. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.132 − ) = 8.446𝑁
2

0.1
3. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.144 − ) = 9.682𝑁
2

0.1
4. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.151 − ) = 10.404𝑁
2

0.1
5. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.158 − ) = 11.125𝑁
2

0.1
6. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.166 − ) = 11.949𝑁
2

0.1
7. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.173 − ) = 12.670𝑁
2

0.1
8. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.180 − ) = 13.391𝑁
2

0.1
9. 𝑭𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 9810 ∗ 0.105 ∗ 0.1 ∗ (0.189 − ) = 14.318𝑁
2

2°Hallar el centro de presión teórica para plano vertical

completamente sumergido, para cada una de las pruebas realizadas:

𝑫𝟐 𝑫 𝟐
+ (𝒅 −
𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 𝟏𝟐 𝟐) + 𝑯 − 𝒅
𝑫
𝒅−𝟐

0.12 0.1
+(0.130− )2
1. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.130 = 0.1974m
0.130−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.132− )2
2. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.132 = 0.1972m
0.132−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.144− )2
3. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.144 = 0.1959m
0.144−
2
 0.12 0.1
+(0.151− )2
4. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.151 = 0.1953m
0.151−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.158− )2
5. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.158 = 0.1947m
0.158−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.166− )2
6. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.166 = 0.1942m
0.166−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.173− )2
7. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.173 = 0.1938m
0.173−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.180− )2
8. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.180 = 0.1934m
0.180−
2

0.12 0.1
+(0.189− )2
9. 𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 = 12
0.1
2
+ 0.237 − 0.189 = 0.1930m
0.189−
2

3°Hallar la fuerza hidrostática experimental para plano vertical

completamente sumergido, para cada una de las pruebas
realizadas en el laboratorio:
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳
𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒑
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.04
1. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 1.431N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1974
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.06
2. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 2.149N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1972
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.08
3. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 2.884N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1959
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.10
4. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = = = 3.617N
𝒉𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒐 01953
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.12
5. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 4.353N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 01947
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.14
6. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 5.092N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 01942
 𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.16
7. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 5.831N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1938
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.18
8. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 6.574N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1934
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0,720∗9.81∗0.20
9. 𝑭𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝒕 = = 7.319N
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒐 0.1930

4°Hallamos el centro de presión experimental mediante la siguiente

ecuación dada realizada en un plano vertical completamente
sumergido, para cada una de las pruebas realizadas:

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳
𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝐷
γ ∗ B ∗ D ∗ (d − )
2
𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.04
1. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.034m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.130− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.06
2. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.050m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.132− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.08
3. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.058m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.144− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.10
4. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.068m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.151− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.12
5. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.076m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.158− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.14
6. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.083m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.166− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.16
7. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.089m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.173− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.18
8. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.095m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.180− )
𝟐 2

𝒎∗𝒈∗𝑳 0.720∗9.81∗0.20
9. 𝒉𝒕𝒆𝒙𝒑 = 𝑫 = 0.1 =0.099m
𝜸∗𝑩∗𝑫∗(𝒅− ) 9810∗0.105∗0.1∗(0.189− )
𝟐 2
Hallando porcentaje de error de la fuerza hidrostática:
𝑡 𝑡
𝐹𝑡𝑒𝑜 − 𝐹𝑒𝑥𝑝
𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = | 𝑡 |𝑥100%
𝐹𝑡𝑒𝑜
8.240−1.431
𝐸𝑟𝑟1 = | |𝑥100% =0.826
8.240

8.446 − 2.149
𝐸𝑟𝑟2 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.746
8.446

9.682−2.884
𝐸𝑟𝑟3 = | | 𝑥100% =0.702
9.682

10.404−3.617
𝐸𝑟𝑟4 = | | 𝑥100% =0.652
10.404

11.125 − 4.353
𝐸𝑟𝑟5 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.609
11.125
11.949 − 5.092
𝐸𝑟𝑟6 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.574
11.949

12.670 − 5.831
𝐸𝑟𝑟7 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.540
12.670
13.391 − 6.574
𝐸𝑟𝑟8 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.509
13.391
14.318 − 7.319
𝐸𝑟𝑟9 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.489
14.318
Hallando porcentaje de error de centro de presiones:
𝑡 𝑡
ℎ𝑡𝑒𝑜 − ℎ𝑒𝑥𝑝
𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = | 𝑡 |𝑥100%
ℎ𝑡𝑒𝑜

0.1974 − 0.034
𝐸𝑟𝑟1 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.828
0.1974
0.1972 − 0.050
𝐸𝑟𝑟2 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.746
0.1972
0.1959 − 0.058
𝐸𝑟𝑟3 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.704
0.1959
0.1953 − 0.068
𝐸𝑟𝑟4 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.652
0.1953
0.1947 − 0.076
𝐸𝑟𝑟5 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.610
0.1947
0.1942 − 0.083
𝐸𝑟𝑟6 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.573
0.1942
0.1938 − 0.089
𝐸𝑟𝑟7 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.541
0.1938
0.1934 − 0.095
𝐸𝑟𝑟8 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.509
0.1934
0.1930 − 0.099
𝐸𝑟𝑟9 = | | 𝑥100% = 0.487
0.1930

Los resultados de los análisis matemáticos y teóricos, arrojaron datos muy

cercanos a los obtenidos de manera práctica, lo que nos indica que en realidad

los métodos de cálculo fueron totalmente acertados.