Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Inglés 11 2p
Inglés 11 2p
de las estructuras gramaticales textos informativos cultura a través de los según la intención y
en oraciones con temas proveniente de textos que reconoce o ubicación del sujeto en She ________ him, "Ooh, love, no one's ever gonna hurt you, _________.
sencillos y cotidianos diferentes fuentes identifica un contexto I'm gonna _________ you all of my love.
determinado
Nobody matters ________ you."
Redacta textos descriptivos Expresa sus Redacta textos
Utiliza sus
Hacer
Studies have shown that subjects like PE and music greatly improve brain I’m not entirely convinced.
function. INTERNATIONAL EVENTS
YOUTH BEHAVIOUR Some international events have proven to be a complete waste of money.
We always used to respect our elders. If a teacher told me off I was EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES
absolutely terrified.
I don’t think discrimination has been completely eradicated yet.
When I see what young people get up to nowadays, I’m utterly shocked.
Opportunities for men and women are basically the same nowadays.
A boy I know got caught committing a crime and his mum was utterly
devastated. SOCIAL ISSUES
USE OF THE INTERNET Some people seem determined to make life utterly miserable for everyone
else.
It’s becoming extremely difficult to keep your private life private.
When I see the vandalism and the amount of rubbish in my area it’s absolutely
Nowadays, if a company doesn’t have a website it’s virtually invisible to the infuriating.
public.
Inequality is a big issue. It seems wrong that some people are absurdly rich
DESIGNER GOODS while others haven’t got two pennies to rub together.
Designer goods are an absolute rip off. THE FUTURE OF THE PLANET
The prices some shops charge are absolutely extortionate. Our government seem alarmingly indifferent to environmental issues .
A lot of the high street clothes are complete tat. (unemployment, poverty,)
You’d have to be totally stupid to pay €5000 for a bag. SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS
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It’s easy to get left behind. I’m completely ignorant about how 3D printing The last time I saw him he was walking down the road.
works.
I’ll meet you in the cafe opposite the cinema.
Modern weapons are absolutely terrifying.
By the time I finish my degree I’ll be absolutely exhausted. It was the worst storm since the 1980s.
I feel completely relaxed after an hour in the gym. There are over 100 prepositions in English. Although most prepositions are
After a walk in the country with the dogs I’m totally chilled out. single words, some pairs and groups of words operate like single
prepositions:
DEBATING
They were unable to attend because of the bad weather in Ireland.
I firmly believe that…..
I think it’s absolutely ridiculous that….. Jack’ll be playing in the team in place of me.
I completely agree, In addition to getting a large fine, both brothers were put in prison for three
months.
I’m not completely sure about that.
I’m not entirely convinced. I always get nervous when I have to speak in front of an audience.
7Prepositions (all kinds of prepositions) We estimate that there’ll be up to 10,000 people at the concert.
A:
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Prepositions – Time
English Usage Example
on days of the week on Monday
in 2006 / in an hour
since from a certain point of time (past till now) since 1980
to / till / marking the beginning and end of a from Monday to/till Friday
until period of time
till / until in the sense of how long something is He is on holiday until Friday.
going to last
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17. EXPRESSIONS OF ETIQUETTE
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Music
18. ARTS AND MUSIC
Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or is found in every known culture, past
performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical
skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power. In their
and present, varying widely between times and places.
most general form these activities include the production of works of art, the
criticism of art, the study of the history of art, and the aesthetic dissemination of Since all people of the world, including the most isolated
art. tribal groups, have a form of music, it may be concluded
The oldest documented forms of art are visual arts, which include creation of that music is likely to have been present in the ancestral
images or objects in fields including today painting, sculpture, printmaking, population prior to the dispersal of humans around the world.
photography, and other visual media.
Consequently music may have been in existence for at least 55,000 years
Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like
the decorative arts, or advertising, it involves the creation of objects where the and the first music may have been invented in Africa and then evolved to
practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not become a fundamental constituent of human life.
in a painting, for example.
Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and
A culture's music is influenced by all other aspects of that culture, including
other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of social and economic organization and experience, climate, and access to
art or the arts. Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and technology.
was not differentiated from crafts or sciences.
In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are Prehistoric music, once more commonly called primitive music, is the name
paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in given to all music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory), beginning
general, such as the decorative or applied arts.
somewhere in very late geological history. Prehistoric music is followed
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), by ancient music in most of Europe (1500 BC) and later music in
narrative (storytelling), expression, communication of emotion, or other
qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty subsequent European-influenced areas, but still exists in isolated areas.
of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".
The prehistoric is considered to have ended with the development of
Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed and has changed over
time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill writing, and with it, by definition, prehistoric music. "Ancient music" is the
stemming from human agency and creation. name given to the music that followed. The "oldest known song" was written
The nature of art and related concepts, such as creativity and interpretation, in cuneiform, dating to 3400 years ago from Ugarit.
are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.
According to Easton's Bible Dictionary, Jubal was named by the Bible as the
inventor of musical instruments (Gen. 4:21). The Hebrews were much given
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to the cultivation of music. Their whole history and literature afford
abundant evidence of this. unlike
in contrast to
as opposed to
Music Genres different from
whereas
This is a list of the commercially relevant genres in modern popular music. Here is a short paragraph using some of these expressions to contrast:
Hip-Hop Pop/ Pop Rock/ Pop R&B (Soul music) Unlike time or money, desire is an unlimited resource. Think about it: In
Punk contrast to money which can run out, your desire for new experiences and
Jazz Classical Electronic ideas will never end. Whereas there is never enough time to do everything you
want, your desire will always come up with something new and exciting.
Rock Techno Latin
Country style Caribbean (Reggae) Easy listening FORMS USED WHEN COMPARING IDEAS
The most important form to use when comparing two ideas is the comparative
form. For three or more ideas, use the superlative form.
19. EXPRESSIONS TO COMPARE
Comparative form
The following words or short phrases compare two items or ideas: These sentences use the comparative form to discuss ideas concerning the
difficult economy.
like
likewise Employment issues are more important than political problems at this point in
same as time.
as well as Job training is more critical to sustained well being than food stamps and other
also, too welfare programs.
likewise Politicians are more worried about reelection than truly improving the economy.
The following words or short phrases contrast two items or ideas: The loss of manufacturing jobs is as unfortunate as the drop in pay.
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Spending on education in my state is as high as in some foreign countries like
Korea.
Both of these …
Neither of these …
One of these …, while the other …
This one …, but on the other hand that one …
This picture … whereas the other …
Speculating:
Expressing opinions:
Personally, I …
I’ve never thought about it, but I suppose …
I don’t really like …, but I had to choose …
The following chart lists the most common types of conjunctions and
conjunctive adverbs.COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (Coordinating
conjunctions connect two equal parts of a sentence.)
PURE CONJUNCTIONS
and
but
for
nor
or
so
yet
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
accordingly in fact
again instead
also likewise
besides moreover
consequently namely
finally nevertheless
for example otherwise
further still
furthermore that is
hence then
however therefore
indeed thus
main clause + Ø + subordinate clause. Sneezing violently > opening the door.
subordinate clause + , + main clause. Even though Dana persevered at the calculus exam, she was only adding
another F beside her name in Dr. Armour's grade book.
The essential ingredient in a complex sentence is the subordinate conjunction:
after, although, as, because, before, even if, even though, if, in order, that, SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS
once, provided that, rather than, since, so that, than, that, though, unless, (Subordinate conjunctions connect two unequal parts, e.g., dependent and
until, when, whenever, where, whereas, wherever, whether, while, why independent clauses)
after since when
The subordinate conjunction has two jobs. although so that whenever
First, it provides a necessary transition between the two ideas in the sentence. as supposing where
This transition will indicate a time, place, or cause and effect relationship. Here because than whereas
are some examples: before that wherever
but that though whether
Louisa will wash the sink full of her dirty dishes once her roommate Shane if though which
cleans his stubble and globs of shaving cream from the bathroom sink. in order that till while
lest unless who
We looked on top of the refrigerator, where Jenny will often hide a bag of no matter until why
chocolate chip cookies. how what even though
Because her teeth were chattering in fear, Lynda clenched her jaw muscle
while waiting for her turn to audition.
23. IDIOMS/ BRITISH VS AMERICAN
The second job of the subordinate conjunction is to reduce the importance of
one clause so that a reader understands which of the two ideas is more Every language has its own collection of wise sayings. They offer advice about how to
live and also transfer some underlying ideas, principles and values of a given culture /
important. The more important idea belongs in the main clause, the less society. These sayings are called "idioms" - or proverbs if they are longer. These
important in the clause introduced by a subordinate conjunction. combinations of words have (rarely complete sentences) a "figurative meaning"
meaning, they basically work with "pictures".
Read these examples: This List of commonly used idioms and sayings (in everyday conversational English),
can help to speak English by learning English idiomatic expressions. This is a list,
As Samson blew out the birthday candles atop the cake, he burned the tip of which contains exactly 66 of the most commonly used idioms and their meaning.
his nose on a stubborn flame.
Burning his nose > blowing out candles. A chip off the old block: esto es lo que comúnmente
conocemos por “de tal palo tal astilla”.
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A friend in need is a friend indeed: este es menos común en
castellano, pero en inglés sí lo es. “En las malas se conocen a
los amigos”.
All that glitters is not gold: una expresión muy útil para los
más ingenuos, con dos significados sinónimos: “No es oro todo
lo que reluce” ya que “Las apariencias engañan”.
A pig with lipstick, is still a pig: éste es, sin duda, uno de los
más divertidos. Aunque en castellano esta expresión se refiere
a una mona (“aunque la mona se vista de seda, mona se
queda”), la versión inglesa incluye a un cerdo con pintalabios.
Apple of my eye: quizá no sea tu expresión favorita, aunque su
significado sí sea “La niña de mis ojos”.
(To be) as mad as a hatter: si haces cosas sin sentido y te BRITISH VS AMERICAN
gusta tontear, entonces estás “más loco que una cabra”, que en
inglés es un sombrerero.
(To be) as red as a beetroot: aunque en castellano serías un
tomate, en inglés te conviertes en remolacha. El mejor modo de
expresar el que te suban los colores y ponerse colorado.
Barking up the wrong tree: Cuidado con ladrarle al árbol
equivocado, es decir, no acuses sin motivo porque puedes
equivocarte.
Costs an arm and a leg: lo que en castellano te cuesta un ojo
de la cara, en inglés es un brazo y una pierna.
Once in a blue moon: cuando algo ocurre raramente, es algo
que no pasa a menudo.
Picture paints a thousand words: “una imagen vale más que
mil palabras”. Aquí y en todo el mundo.
To hear something straight from the horse's mouth: cuando
algo es fiable, lo conoces de primera mano.
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understood the materials that you have studied and that you can use their
ideas and findings in your own way. In fact, this is an essential skill for every
student. Spack (1988, p. 42) has pointed out that the most important skill a
student can engage in is "the complex activity to write from other texts", which
is "a major part of their academic experience." For this reason, any academic
text you read or write will contain the voices of other writers as well as your
own.
In your writing, however, the main voice should be your own and it should be
clear what your point of view is in relation to the topic or essay question. The
object of academic writing is for you to say something for yourself using the
ideas of the subject, for you to present ideas you have learned in your own
way. The emphasis should be on working with other people’s ideas, rather than
reproducing their words. If your view is not clear, you will be told you have not
answered the question or something similar. It is essential therefore that it must
always be clear whose voice is speaking.
There are two main ways in which you can show your view (Tadros, 1993):
It will always be assumed that the words or ideas are your own if you do not
say otherwise. When the words or ideas you are using are taken from another
writer, you must make this clear. If you do not do this and use another person's
words or ideas as if they were your own, this is Plagiarism and plagiarism is
regarded as a very serious offence.
24. EXPRESSIONS TO QUOTE BIBLIOGRAPHY The ideas and people that you refer to need to be made explicit by a system of
citation. The object of this is to supply the information needed to allow a user to
find a source.
One of the most important aspects of academic writing is making use of the
ideas of other people. This is important as you need to show that you have
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You need to acknowledge the source of an idea unless it is common accused of being too descriptive, of not being critical or analytical enough, or of
knowledge in your subject area. It is difficult sometimes to know whether not producing a clear argument.
something is common knowledge in your subject or needs acknowledging. In
general, if your lecturer, in lectures or handouts, do not acknowledge the Citing - APA style
source you can assume that it is common knowledge within your subject.
There are two ways in which you can refer to, or cite, another person's work: a)
The object of academic writing is therefore for you to present your ideas in your by reporting or b) by direct quotation.
own way. To help you do this, however, you will need to use the ideas of other
people and when you do this, you need to say where the words and ideas are
a) Reporting
from.
This simply means reporting the other writer's ideas into your own words. You
There are several reasons for this (See Thompson, 1994, pp. 178-187 for more
can either paraphrase if you want to keep the length the same or summarise if
information).
you want to make the text shorter. See Reporting: Paraphrase & Summary for
more information. There are two main ways (Swales, 1990, p. 148) of showing
1. You need to show that you are aware of the major areas of thought in
that you have used another writer's ideas:
your specific subject. This allows you to show how your contribution fits
in, by correcting previous research, filling gaps, adding support or
extending current research or thinking. integral
2. You need to support the points you are making by referring to other
people's work. This will strengthen your argument. The main way to do According to Peters (1983) evidence from first language acquisition indicates that
this is to cite authors that agree with the points you are making. You lexical phrases are learnt first as unanalysed lexical chunks.
can, however, cite authors who do not agree with your points, as long as
you explain why they are wrong. Do not make a statement that will OR non-integral
cause your reader to ask, "Who says?"
3. If you are a student, you need to show that you have read and Evidence from first language acquisition (Peters, 1983) indicates that lexical
understood specific texts. You need to show that you have read around phrases are learnt first as unanalysed lexical chunks.
the subject, not just confined your reading to one textbook or lecture Lexical phrases are learnt first as unanalysed lexical chunks (Peters, 1983).
notes.
4. You must not use another person's words or ideas as your own so you depending on whether or not the name of the cited author occurs in the citing
need to say where they are from. sentence or in parenthesis.
You usually do this by reporting the works of others in your own words. You If you want to refer to a particular part of the source:
can either paraphrase if you want to keep the length the same, summarise if
you want to make the text shorter or synthesise if you need to use information According to Peters (1983, p. 56) evidence from first language acquisition
from several sources. Do not forget, though, that the central line of argument, indicates that lexical phrases are learnt first as unanalysed lexical chunks.
the main voice, should be your own. This means that you will need to comment
on or evaluate any other works that you use. If you do not do this, you will be (At end of piece of writing)
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References
Peters, A (1983). The units of language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge 2. She told me she thinks you're ______ great! She truly liked you.
University Press.
Occasionally you may want to quote another author's words exactly. For 4. What do you think of this car? Isn't it _____ nice?
example:
5. I couldn't keep my eyes open! That documentary was ______
Hillocks (1982) similarly reviews dozens of research findings. He writes, "The
terrifying!
available research suggests that teaching by written comment on compositions
is generally ineffective" (p. 267).
2. Find the qualifiers (intensifiers) in the following sentences.
(At end of your text)
1. Even though the dog was vicious, it was extremely gentle with its
Reasons for using quotations: owner.
1. quote if you use another person's words: you must not use another 2. The student’s answer to the question almost completely overwhelmed
person's words as your own; the professor.
2. you need to support your points, quoting is one way to do this;
3. quote if the language used in the quotation says what you want to say
3. The really great novel . . . tends to be the exact negative of its
particularly well.
author’s life. ⎯André Maurois
4. APLICACIÓN TALLER: 3. For each sentence, choose the best word to complete the sentences.
WEEK 14. INTENSIFIERS 1. I was (much/really) unhappy with the way the staff in the shop
treated me.
1. Complete each sentence with one of these words: very, totally, 2. It was (most/totally) easy to find the answers to all the questions and
we soon finished the test.
completely, really, completely.
Remember that "extreme" adjectives are modified by intensifiers, while 3. We all found the film (rather/absolutely) boring and decided to
"normal" adjectives are modified by qualifiers. switch off and go to bed.
1. I feel______ bad that you have to go. I really wanted us to spend
more time together. 4. Last night, I watched a TV programme about sheep farming. It was
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(absolutely/such) fascinating. a) Which state is above Iowa?___________________________________________
b) Name one state near the bottom of the United States.______________________
5. Unfortunately the weather was (very/totally) miserable the whole c) Name one state near the top of the United States. _________________________
week. We didn't see the sun once.
d) What state is between Mississippi (Miss) and Georgia? _____________________
6. I never drive to London. It's a (so/much) better idea to go there by e) What states are below New York? _____________________________________
train, I think. ___________________________________________________________________
f) What state is between South Dakota and Kansas? _________________________
g) Name two states that are close to Ohio. _________________________________
WEEK15. PREPOSITIONS (ALL KINDS OF PREPOSITIONS) h) Name two states that are far away from Florida. __________________________
i) What state is right beside California? ____________________________________
1. Use the map to choose the correct answer for each question j) What state is to the left of Virginia?______________________________________
about prepositions of place.
k) Name all the states that are around Utah. _______________________________
___________________________________________________________________
l) Name two states that are below Michigan. ________________________________
m) Name two states that are between Kansas and Indiana. ____________________
n) Which state is above South Dakota? ___________________________________
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WEEK 17. EXPRESSIONS OF ETIQUETTE
2. Have you received any influence from your parents about your
musical taste?
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3. What is your favorite musician/band?
8. Do you play any musical instrument? If not, which would you like to
play?
( ) ( )
9. Do you have any relative in your family who is a famous musician? ( )
( )
10.Can music influence a generation? Why?
Hip-Hop (1) Pop/ Pop Rock/ Pop Punk R&B (Soul music) (9)
(5)
Jazz (2) Classical (6) Electronic (10)
WEEK 21 PHRASAL VERBS
Rock (3) Techno (7) Latin (11)
Country style Caribbean (Reggae) (8) Easy listening (12)
(4)
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WEEK 22. CONJUNCTIONS
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118
BRITISH VS AMERICAN
WEEK 23 IDIOMS/ BRITISH VS AMERICAN
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WEEK 24. EXPRESSIONS TO QUOTE BIBLIOGRAPHY
According to the verb list seach the infinitive, past simple and past participle an
create a flash cards.
6. EVALUACIÓN:
7. CRITERIOS DE EVALUACIÓN:
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8. Observaciones respecto al desarrollo de la guía.
la evaluacion se realizara en la ultima semana academica del periodo, para
ello debe obtenerla en la fotocopiadora el dia de su presentacion
9. BIBLIOGRAFÍA Y WEBGRAFÍA
Read more at http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/verbs/Action-
Verbs.html#iyQBjgyLXbT757u0.99
- http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/chambers/learning/primary_worksheets/a
dverbs.pdf
- http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/chambers/learning/school_dictionary_wo
rksheets/adverbs.pdf
- http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.adverbs.pdf
- http://www.myenglishimages.com/Grammar/Entries/2008/12/1_Adverbs_of
_Frequency_files/Adverbs_of_Frequency_Worksheet.pdf
- http://www.agendaweb.org/grammar/adverbs-exercises.html
https://en.islcollective.com/resources/search_result?Tags=Search
%20free%20ESL%20resources&Vocabulary_Focus.
https://books.google.com.co/books?id=7V_VsXPkiL0C&pg=PA33&lpg=
PA33&dq=expression+of+etiquette&source
http://www.uefap.com/writing/citation/citing.htm
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