Baja Type 3

Diketahui Konstruki Seperti Tergambar
G
b5 b6
F' H'
b4 b7
E' I'
b3 d4 d5 b8
D' J' h = 5,2 m
t4 t5
b2 d3 d6 b9
C' d2 t3 t6 d7 K'
b1 d1 t2 t7 d8 b10
t1 t8
A a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 B
C D E' F H I J K
3,9 m
L = 39 m
Diketahui : - Panjang Bentang :39 meter

- Tinggi Kuda – kuda :5,2 meter
- Jarak Gading – Gading Kap :4,1 meter
- Desakan Angin : 120 km/jam
- Jenis Atap : Seng BJLS 32 → 10 kg/m2
- Mutu Baja : Bj. 52 →σ̅ = 2400 kg/cm2
- Alat Penyambung : Baut 4.8 → σ ̅ = 3200 kg/cm2
Diminta :
1. Dimensionering Gording dalam tiga variasi
2. Daftar gaya-gaya batang (kontrol dengan ritter)
3. Dimensionering Batang Profil dan Detail
4. Daftar kontrol bahan-bahan untuk berat sendiri
1
Penyelesaian :
 λ = 39 / 10 = 3,9 meter tg α = h / 19,5 = 5,2 / 19,5 = 0,2667

λ’ = ............... α = 14,931
sin α = 0,2576
Cos α = 0,9662
t1 t1
 =tg α → = 0,2667 → t1 = 1,040 meter
a1 3,9
t1 1,040
 =sinα → = 0,2576 → b1 = 4,036meter
b1 b1
t2 t2
 =tgα → = 0,2667 → t2 = 2,080 meter
2 ( 3,9 ) 7,8
t3 t3
 =tgα → = 0,2667 → t3 = 3,120 meter
3 ( 3,9 ) 11,7
t4 t2
 =tgα → = 0,2667 → t4 = 4,160meter
4 ( 3,9 ) 15,6
t5 t2
 =tgα → = 0,2667 → t5 = 5,201 meter
5 ( 3,9 ) 19,5
 d1 = √𝑡12 + 𝜆2 = √( 1,040 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,036 meter
 d2 = √𝑡22 + 𝜆2 = √( 2,080 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,420 meter
 d3 = √𝑡32 + 𝜆2 = √( 3,120 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,994 meter
 d4 = √𝑡42 + 𝜆2 = √( 4,160 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 5,702 meter
Tabel Panjang Batang

Nama Batang Panjang Batang (m)
λ = a1 = a2 = a3 = a4 = a6 = a7 = a8 = a9 =a10 3,9
a5 7,8
λ’ = b1 = b2 = b3 = b4 = b5 = b6 = b7 = b8 = b9 = b10 4,036
t1 = t9 1,040
t2 = t8 2,080
t3 = t7 3,120
t4 = t6 4,160
t5 = h 5,201
d1 = d8 4,036
d2 = d7 4,420
d3 = d6 4,994
d4 = d5 5,702
2
Dimensionering gording dalam tiga variasi
- Jarak-jarak gording = λ’ = 4,036meter
- Jarak gading-gading kap = 4,1meter
- Jenis atap yang digunakan adalah atap seng BJLS 32
Dimana : menurut PMI-1970, penutup atap seng BJLS dengan reng dan usuk/kaso, per m2 bidang atap,
berat sendirinya = 10 kg/m2
y
x
α = 14,931
sin α = 0,2576
1 4 ,9 31
G sin Cos α = 0,9662
31
s 1 4 ,9
G G co
14,931°
I. Variasi Bebas
I.1. Bebas Tetap
- Berat sendiri atap (1 meter) = 4,036 . 10 = 40,36 kg/m’
- Berat sendiri gording (ditaksir) = 30 kg/m’___
Maka : G = 40,36 + 30 = 70,36 kg/m’
1 1
Mx1 = . G Sin α . ℓ2 = . 70,36 . Sin α . ( 4,1 )2
8 8
1
= . 70,36 . Sin 14,931 . ( 4,1 )2
8
= 38,085 kgm’
1 1
My1 = . G Cos α . ℓ2 = . 70,36 . Cos α . ( 4,1 )2
8 8
1
= . 70,36 . Cos 14,931 . ( 4,1 )2
8
= 142,847 kgm’
I.2. Beban Hidup

→ dalam perhitungan reng, usuk/kaso, gording dan kuda-kuda, untuk semua atap harus
diperhitungkan satu muatan terpusat sebesar minimum 100 kg. Berasal dari berat seorang
pekerja atau seorang pemadam kebakaran dengan peralatannya → PMI-1970
y
1
Mx2 = . Px . ℓ
4
x 1
= . P sin α . ℓ
1 4
1 4 ,9 3 1
P sin = . 100 . sin 14,931 . 4,1
4
= 26,410 kgm’
1 4 ,9 31 1
P cos My2 = . Py . ℓ
14,931° P 4
1
= . P cos α . ℓ
4
1
= . 100 . cos 14,931 . 4,1
4
= 99,039 kgm’
3
I.3. Muatan Angin (w)
(qo) Desakan angin = 120 kg/m2
Menurut PMI-1970, Koefisien angin (c) untuk atap segitiga dengan sudut kemiringan α :
Dipihak angin : α < 65o ............................ c = 0,02 α - 0,4
65o< α < 90o ............. c = +0,9
Dibelakang angin untuk semua α, ............ α = - 0,4
Koefisien angin (c) = 0,02 . α - 0,4

= 0,02 . 14,931 - 0,4
= - 0,101
W = qo . λ’ . c = 120 . 4,036 . 0,101

= 48,916 kg/m’
Catatan : Angin hisap tidak diperoleh

1 1
Mx3 = . w . ℓ2 = . 48,916 . ( 4,1 )2 = 102,785 kg/m’
8 8
1 1
My3 = . w . ℓ2 = . 0 . ( 4,1 )2 = 0 kg/m’ → Angin sejajar bidang atap
8 8
Tidak diperhitungkan.
Cara Kerja Momen

y
I
G sin 14,931
y'
G cos 14,931 Mx = G sin 14,931 . I

x
G x' Mx = G sin 14,931 . I
Mx My
σ = +
Wx Wy
Ix
Wx =
]
x′
Mx My
} σ = Wx + Wy
Ix
Wx =
x′
Kombinasi Pembebanan
- Beban Tetap + Beban Angin
Mx = Mx1 + Mx3 = 38,085+ 102,785 = 140,870 kgm’
My = My1 + My3 = 142,847+ 0 = 142,847kgm’
- Beban Tetap + Beban Hidup
Mx = Mx1 + Mx2 = 38,085+ 26,410 = 64,495 kgm’
My = My1 + My2 = 142,847+ 99,039 = 241,886 kgm’
4
Dari kombinasi pembebanan diatas, yang menetukan dalam perencanaan adalah kombinasi pembebanan
yang paling besar yaitu :
Pembebanan akibat beban tetap + beban Hidup
Dimana :
Mx = 140,870kgm’ = 14087,0 kgcm’
My = 241,886 kgm’ = 24188,6 kgcm’
Mx My
σ = + Wy< σ
Wx
1
khusus Profil INP → Wy = . Wx
8
Mx My ( 14087 ) (24188,6) . 8
+ < σ→ + <2400 kg/cm2
Wx Wy Wx Wy
207595,8
Wx =
2400
1
Wx = 86,498 cm3 → Wy = . Wx = 10,812 cm3
8
Dari tabel profil baja, untuk Wx = 86,498 cm3 diambil INP. 16
Dimana : Wx = 117> Wx Perlu
Wx = 117> Wx = 86,498 cm3
q = 17,9 kg/m’ < q rencana
} Profil aman
q = 17,9 kg/m’ < 30 kg/m’
Wy = 14,8 cm3
5
II. Variasi Batang Tarik
Batang Tarik
ℓ = 4,1 meter
h = 5,2 m
1. Akibat muatan tetap → G total = 70,36 kg/m’

Mx1 = 38,085kg.m’
1
My1 = . G cos α . ( ℓ / 5,2 )2
8
1
My1 = . 70,36 . Cos 14,931 . ( 4,1 / 5,2 )2
8
My1 = 5,283 kg.m’
2. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

a. Muatan P = 100 kg
Mx2 = 26,410kg.m’
1
My2= . P .cos α . ( ℓ / 5,2 )2
4
1
My2= . 100 . cos 14,931 . ( 4,1 / 5,2 )2
4
My2= 15,017 kg.m’
b. Muatan angin
Mx3 = 102,785kg.m’
My3 = 0 kg.m’
Kombinasi pembebanan
a. Kombinasi beban tetap + beban angin
Mx = Mx1 + Mx3 = 38,085+ 102,785 = 140,870 kgm’
My = My1 + My3 = 5,283+ 0 = 5,283kgm’
b. Kombinasi beban tetap + beban hidup
Mx = Mx1 + Mx2 = 38,085+ 26,410 = 64,495 kgm’
My = My1 + My2 = 5,283+ 15,017 = 20,300 kgm’
Yang menentukan adalah momen yang terbesar yaitu :
Mx =140,870kgm’ = 14087,0 kgcm’
My = 20,300 kgm’ = 2030,0 kgcm’
Mx My ( 14087 ) (2030) . 8
σ = + < σ → + < 2400 kg/cm2
Wx Wy Wx Wy
30327
→ Wx = = 12,636 cm3
2400
Wx = 19,5 cm3> Wx perlu

Dari tabel profil diambil INP. 8 → dimana : }Profil aman
q = 5,95 kg/m’, < q rencana
6
III. Variasi Beam Beton
y
x
14,931° G Total
1. Akibat muatan tetap (Q) = 140 kg/m’ → taksiran
- Berat sendiri atap = λ’ . Q = 4,036 . 140 =565.04 kg/m’
- Berat sendiri gording ( ditaksir) = 30 kg/m’
q total = 595,04 kg/m’
1 1
Mx1 = . q total . sin α . ℓ2 = . 595,04. sin 14,931 . 4,12 = 322,154 kg.m’
8 8
1 1
My1 = . q total . cos α . ℓ2 = . 595,04. cos14,931 . 4,12 =1208,113 kg.m’
8 8
2. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

a. Muatan hidup → P = 100 kg
1 1
Mx2 = . P . sin α . ℓ = . 100 . sin 14,931 . 4,1 = 26,410 kg.m’
4 4
1 1
My2 = . P . cos α . ℓ = . 100 . cos 14,931 . 4,1 = 99,039 kg.m’
4 4
b. Muatan angin
Mx3 =102,785kg . m’
My3 = 0 kg . m’
Kombinasi pembebanan
a. Beban tetap + beban hidup
Mx = Mx1 + Mx2 = 322,154 + 26,410 = 348,564 kg . m’
My = My1 + My2 = 1208,113 + 99,039 = 1307,152 kg . m’
b. Beban tetap + beban angin
Mx = Mx1 + Mx3 = 322,154 + 102,785= 424,939 kg . m’
My = My1 + My3 = 1208,113 + 0 = 1208,113 kg . m’
 Yang menentukan adalah momen yang terbesar, yaitu :
Mx = 424,939kg . m’ = 42493,9 kg . cm’
My = 1307,152kg . m’ = 130715,2 kg . cm’
Mx My ( 42493,9 ) (130715,2) . 8
+ < σ→ + < 2400 kg/cm2
Wx Wy Wx Wy
1088215,5
→ Wx = = 453,423 cm3
2400
Untuk Wx = 453,423 cm3 , dari tabel diambil profil INP. 28
Dimana : WX = 542 cm3> Wx perlu
Kesimpulan : dari ketiga variasi tersebut diatas, kita pakai profil yang paling ekonomis dan serta
aman yaitu INP. 16 dimana :
Ix = 935 cm4
Iy = 54,7 cm4
Wx = 117 cm3
Wy = 14,8 cm3
q0 = 17,9 kg/m’
7
KONTROL LENDUTAN
A. Akibat muatan tetap
- Berat sendiri atap = 40,36 kg/m’
- Berat sendiri gording =17,9 kg/m’
q total = 58,26 kg/m’
qx = q total . sin α = 58,26 . sin 14,931 = 0,15011 kg/cm’

qy = q total . cos α = 58,26 . cos 14,931 = 0,56293 kg/cm’
5 . q . ℓ4
Rumus lendutan : f = →E = 2,1 . 106
384 . E . I
ℓ = 390 cm’
5 . qx . ( ℓ / 3)4 5 . 0,15011 . ( 410 / 3)4
fx1 = = = 0,006 cm’
384 . E . Iy 384 . 2100000 . 54,7
5 . qx . ( ℓ / 3)4 5 . 0,56293 . ( 410 / 3)4
fy1 = = = 0,001 cm’
384 . E . Ix 384 . 2100000 . 935
B. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

1. Beban hidup
Px2 = P . sin α = 100 . sin 14,931 = 25,766 cm’
Py2 = P . cos α = 100 . cos 14,931 = 96,623 cm’
P . ℓ3
Rumus lendutan : f =
48 . E . I
P . ℓ3 100 . 4103
fx2 = = = 1,250 cm’
48 . E . Iy 48 . 2100000 . 54,7
P . ℓ3 100 . 4103
fy2 = = = 0,073 cm’
48 . E . Ix 48 . 2100000 . 935
2. Beban angin ( w ) = 48,916 kg/m’

5 . w . ℓ4 5 . 0,489 . 4104
fx3= = = 1,566 cm’
384 . E . Iy 384 . 2100000 . 54,7
5 . w . ℓ4 5 . 0,489 . 4104
fy3= = = 0,092 cm’
384 . E . Ix 384 . 2100000 . 935
yang menetukan adalah : fx1 + fx3 = 1,572 cm’

fy1 + fy3 = 0,093 cm’
f yang terjadi adalah √( 1,572 )2 + ( 0,093 )2 = 1,575 cm’
1 1
f = . ℓ> f yang terjadi → .410 >1,575
250 250
→ 1,640>1,575 → Ok
 Dengan INP. 16 konstruksi akan aman dan ekonomis.
8
PERHITUNGAN GAYA-GAYA BATANG DENGAN CARA RITTER
1. AKIBAT BERAT SENDIRI
P2
P1
P0
 Muatan – muatan yang dipikul oleh gording

a. Batang S Gording INP.16= q0 . ℓ = 17,9 . 4,1 = 73,390 kg
b. Batang S Atap = q . λ’ . ℓ = 10 . 4,036 . 4,1 = 165,476 kg
L
c. Batang S Kap = ( L + 5 ) . ℓ = ( 39 + 5 ) . 4,1 . 3,9 = 703,560 kg
10
d. Batang S Ikatan = 15% B . S Kap = 15% . 703,560 = 105,534 kg +
q total = 1047,960 kg
P0 = a + b / 2 + c / 2 + d / 2 = 73,390 + 165,476 / 2 + 703,560 / 2 + 105,534 / 2 = 560,675 kg
P1 = q total = 1047,960 kg
P2 = 2 . P0 = 2 . 560,675 = 1121,350 kg
 Reaksi Perletakan :
ƩMB = 0 → RA = RB
→ RA . 39 - P0 . 39 - P1(35,1+ 31,2+ 27,3 + 23,4 ) - P2 . 19,5 - P1 . ( 15,6 + 11,7 + 7,8 + 3,9 ) = 0
RA . 39 - 560,675 . 39 - 1047,960 .(117) - 1121,350 . 19,5 - 1047,960 . ( 39) = 0
RA . 39 = 560,675 . 39 + 1047,960 . (117 ) +1121,350 . 19,5+1047,960 . ( 39 )
RA . 39 = 207214,41
RA = 5313,19 kg
 Kontrol :
RA + RB = P0 . 2 + P1 . 8 + P2
5313,19+ 5313,19 = 560,675. 2 + 1047,960. 8 + 1121,350
10626,38 = 10626,38
0 = 0 → Ok ............
9
R
P2
m P1 G
4,036
P1 5
F'
4
P1 E' Y4
P1 D'
3
Y3
23 31
P0 C'
2
x2 Y2
22 30
x4 x5
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
28
A 11 12 13 14 15
C D E' F
RA
3,9 m 3,9 m 3,9 m 3,9 m 3,9 m
α = 14,931
sin α = 0,2575
X1 t4 4,160
 sinα = → X1 = 1,004 meter tg β1 = = = 1,067
3,9 λ 3,9
X2
 sinα = → X2 = 2,008 meter β1 = 46,8565
7,8
X3
 sinα = → X3 = 3,013 meter β2 = 90 – 46,8565 = 43,1435
11,7
X4
 sinα = → X4 = 4,017 meter
15,6
X5 AR
 sinα = → X5 = 5,021 meter cos β2 =
19,5 AQ
X2 2,008 AR
 sinθ1 = = = 0,49752 meter 0,7296 =
d1 4,036 5 . λ
θ1 = 29,83621 AR = 14,227 m
y1
sin θ1 = → y1 = 2,006 m
λ′
X3 3,013 2,080
 sinθ2 = = = 0,68167 meter tg γ1 = → γ1 = 28,0725
d2 4,420 3,9
3,120
θ2 = 42,97428 tg γ2 = → γ2 = 38,6598
3,9
y2 4,160
sin θ2 = → y2 = 2,751 m tg γ3 = → γ3 = 46,8476
λ′ 3,9
X4 4,017
 sinθ3 = = = 0,80436 meter
d3 4,994
θ3 = 53,54900
y3
sin θ3 = → y3 = 3,246 m
λ′
X5 5,021
 sinθ4 = = = 0,88057 meter
d4 5,702
θ4 = 61,71098
y4
sin θ4 = → y4 = 2,496 m
λ′
10
BESAR GAYA-GAYA BATANG DENGAN CARA RITTER
RA = RB = 5313,190 kg
P0 = 560,675 kg
P1 = 1047,960 kg
P2 = 1121,350 kg
P2
P1 IX G
P1
VIII 5
P1 VII F'
6
H'
P1
4
P1 VI
E'
7
I' P1
V
3 8
P1 III
IV D' 23 31 32 24 J' P1
2
P0 I II
C' 22 30
33
25 34
9
K' P0
1 21 29 26 35 10
20 28 27
A 11 12 13 14 15 B
C D E' F H 16 I 17 J 18 K 19
I II III IV V VII VIII IX
VI
RA RB
Potongan I dan II
P0 I II
C'
2
1
x1 20 28
A 11 12
C
I II
RA
x
sin α =
3,9
x = sin α . 3,9
= 1,0042
Potongan I-I
D’ = 0
RA . (3,9) + S1 .x1 – P0 . (3,9) = 0
−RA .(3,9)+ P0 (3,9)
S1 =
1,004
= - 18460,965 kg
c = 0
RA . (3,9) – P0. (3,9) - S11. t1 = 0
RA .(3,9)− P0(3,9)
S11 =
1,040
= + 17821,931kg
Potongan II-II
A = 0
RA .0 – P0 . 0 + S20 (3,9) = 0
S20 = 0,00kg
c = 0
RA . (3,9)– P0 . (3,9) – S12 . t1 = 0
RA .(3,9)− P1 (3,9)
S12 =
1,040
= + 17,821,931kg
11
Potongan III dan IV
P1 III
IV D' 3
2
P0 C' x2
1 21 29
x1 20 Y1
28
A 11 12 13
C D
III IV
RA
Potongan III-III
E’ = 0
RA . (7,8) - P0 . (7,8) - P1 . (3,9) + S2 . x2 = 0
−RA .(7,8) + P0 .(7,8) + P1 (3,9)
S2 =
2,008
= - 16425,584 kg
D = 0
RA . (7,8) - P0. (7,8 ) - P1 . (3,9) - S12 . t2-S28 . y1 = 0
+RA .(7,8)− P0 .(7,8)− P1 .(3,9)− S12 .(2,080)
S28 =
2,006
= - 2037,409 kg
Potongan IV - IV
A = 0
RA . 0 – P0 . 0 – P1 (3,9) - S21 . (7,8) = 0
−P1 (3,9)
S21 =
7,8
= -523,980 kg
D = 0
RA . (7,8) - P0 . (7,8) - P1 . ( 3,9 ) - S13. t2 =0
RA .(7,8) − P0 .(7,8) − P1 .( 3,9)
S13 =
2080
= + 15857,006 kg
Potongan V dan VI
1 E'
V
3
P1 D'
2
P0 C' x2 Y2
22 30
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
28
A 11 12 13 14
C D E'
V VI
RA
Potongan V-V
E’ = 0
RA . (11,7) – P0 . (11,7) – P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (3,9) + S3 . x3 = 0
−RA .(11,7) + P0 .(11,7)+ P1 .(7,8) + P1 . (3,9)
S3 =
3,013
= - 14385,428 kg

12
E = 0
RA . (11,7) – P0 . (11,7) – P1 . (7,8) - P1 . ( 3.9 ) - S13 . t3+ S29 . y2 = 0
−RA .(11,7) + P0 .(11,7) + P1 .(7,8)+ P1 .(3,9)+ S13 .(3,120)
S29 =
2,751
=- 2228,486 kg
Potongan VI-VI
A = 0
RA . 0 – P0 . 0 – P1 (3,9) – P1 . (7,8) - S22 . (11,7) = 0
− P1 (3,9) − P1 .(7,8)
S22 =
11,7
= - 1047,96 kg
E = 0
RA . (11,7) – P0 . (11,7) - P1 . (7,8) – P1 . ( 3,9 ) - S14. t3= 0
RA .(11,7)−P0 .(11,7)− P1 .(7,8)− P1 .(3,9)
S14 =
3,120
= + 13892,081 kg
Potongan VII dan VIII

VIII
P1 VII F'
5
4
P1 E'
3
P1 D' Y3
23
2 31
P0 C' x2 Y2
22 30
x4
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
28
A 11 12 13 14 15
C D E' F
VII VIII
RA
Potongan VII-VII
F’ = 0
RA . (15,6) – P0 . (15,6) – P1 . (11,7) – P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (3,9) + S4 . x4 = 0
−RA .(15,6) + P0 .(15,6) + P1 .(11,7)+ P1 . (7,8)+ P1 . (3,9)
S4 =
4,017
= - 12351,748 kg
F = 0
RA . (15,6) –P0 . (15,6) – P1 . (11,7) – P1 . ( 7,8) - P1 . (3,9) – S14 . t4 -S30 . y3 = 0
RA .(15,6)− P0 .(15,6)− P1 .(11,7)− P1 .(7,8)− P1 .(3,9)− S14 .(4,160)
S30 =
3,246
= - 2518,203 kg
Potongan VIII-VIII
A = 0
RA . 0 – P0 . 0 – P1 . (3,9) - P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (11,7) - S23 . (15,6) = 0
−P1 .(3,9)− P1 .(7,8)− P1 .(11,7)
S23 =
15,6
= - 1571,940 kg
F = 0
RA . (15,6) – P0 . (15,6) – P1. (11,7) - P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (3,9) – S15.t4 = 0
13
RA . (15,6)–P0 . (15,6)–P1 . (11,7)–P1 . (7,8)–P1 . (3,9)
S15 =
4,160
= + 11928,975 kg
Potongan IX – IX
P1 IX G
5
P1 F'
4
P1 E' Y4
3
P1 D' Y3
23 31
2
P0 C' x2 Y2
22 30
x4 x5
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
28
A 11 12 13 14 15
C D E' F
IX
RA
G = 0
RA . (19,5) – P0 . (19,5)– P1 . (15,6) – P1 . (11,7) – P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (3,9) + S5 . x5 = 0
−RA . (19,5)+P0. (19,5)+P1 . (15,6)+ P1 .(11,7) +P1 . (7,8)+P1 . (3,9)
S5 =
5,021
= - 10317,387 kg
F = 0
RA . (15,6) – P0 . (15,6) – P1 . (11,7) – P1 . (7,8) – P1 . (3,9) - S14 . t4- S31 . y4 = 0
RA . (15,6)−P0 . (15,6)−P1 . (11,7)−P1 . (7,8)−P1. (3,9)− S14 . (4,160)
S31 =
2,496
= - 3274,875 kg
DAFTAR GAYA-GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BERAT SENDIRI

METHODE RITTER METHODE CREMONA
Gaya
Tarik (kg) Tekan (kg) Tarik (kg) Tekan (kg)
Batang
S1 = S10 - 18460,965 - 18460,576
S2 = S9 - 16425,584 - 16425,265
S3 = S8 - 14385,428 - 14385,116
S4 = S7 - 12351,748 - 12351,536
S5 = S6 - 10317,387 - 10317,074
S11 = S19 17821,931 - 17821,931 -
S12 = S18 17821,931 - 17821,931 -
S13 = S17 15857,006 - 15857,006 -
S14 = S16 13892,081 - 13892,081 -
S15 11928,975 - 11928,975 -
S20 = S27 0 0 0 0
S21 = S26 - 523,980 - 523,980
S22 = S25 - 1047,960 - 1047,960
S23 = S24 - 1571,940 - 1571,940
S28 = S35 - 2037,409 - 2037,205
S29 = S34 - 2228,486 - 2228,374
S30 = S33 - 2518,203 - 2518,036
S31 = S32 - 3274,875 - 3274,758
14
15
GAYA – GAYA BATANG AKIBAT ANGIN KIRI
Rwd Rwi
Wd/2 Wi/2
Wd Wi
3m G
10,44 Wd Wi
F' H'
Wd Wi
E' I'
Wd Wi
D' J'
Wd/2 Wi/2
C' K'
RAH
A C D E' F H I J K B
α = 14,931
10,09
cos α =
AV
AV = 10,443 m
BV = 39 - AV
= 28,557 m
x
Cos α =
BV
x = cos 14,931 . 28,557
= 27,592 m
Desakan angin = 120 kg / m2

Luas bentang desak = λ’ . ℓ
= 4,036 . 4,1
= 16,548 m2
Rumus :
w = c . g . f → untuk angin desak, c = 0,02 . α - 0,4
= -0,101
Untuk angin hisap, c = 0,4
wd = -0,101 . 120 . 16,548 = -200,562 kg
wi = 0,4 . 120 . 16,548 = 794,304 kg
Rwd = 5 Rwd = 5 . -200,562 = -1002,810 kg
Rwi = 5 Rwi = 5 . 794,304 = 3971,520 kg
Reaksi Perletakan
- RAH = 5 wd . sin α + 5 wi . Sin α
- RAH = -1002,810 . sin 14,931 + 3971,520 . sin 14,931
RAH = -764,443 kg
ƩMA = 0
- RB . 39 - Rwi . x + Rwd . 10,09 = 0
- RB . 39 - 3971,520 . 27,592 - 1002,810 . 10,09 = 0
RB = - 3069,244 kg
ƩMB = 0
RA . 39 - Rwd . x + Rwi . 10,09 = 0
RA . 39 + 1002,810 . 27,592 + 3971,520 . 10,09 = 0
RA = - 1736,979 kg
Kontrol : - Rwd . cos α + Rwi . cos α - RA - RB = 0s

1002,810 . cos 14,931 + 3971,520 . cos 14,931 - 1736,979 - 3069,244 = 0
0 = 0 . . . Ok
16
Wd/2 Wi/2
Wd Wi
I J
G
Wd H 5 6 K Wi
G F' H' L
Wd 4 7 Wi
F M
E E' I' N
Wd 3 8 Wi
D D' 31 32 24 J' O
C 23 P
Wd/2 2 33 9 Q Wi/2
A B R
C' 22 30 25 34 K'
1 21 29 26 35 10
20 28 27
RAH
11 C 12 D 13 E' 14 F 15 H 16 I 17 J 18 K 19 B
A A K N
B C D E F G H I J L M O P Q R
RA RB
Potongan A dan B
Wd/2
A B 2
C' MM′
1 Cos α =
x1 20 λ
RAH 28 MM’ = 3,768m
11 C 12
A A B
M
RA
Potongan A – A
ƩMD’ = 0
- RAV . 3,9 - wd/2 . MM + S1 . x1 = 0
- 1736,979 . 3,9 + 100,281 . 3,768 + S1 . 1,004 = 0
S1 = + 6370,876kg
ƩMC = 0
- RAV . 3,9 - wd/2 . λ’ + RAH . t1 - S11 . t1 = 0
- 1736,979 . 3,9 + 100,281 . 4,036 + 764,443 . 1,040 - S11 . 1,040 = 0
S11 = - 5360,061 kg
Potongan B – B
ƩMC = 0
- RAV . 3,4 - wd/2 . λ’ + RAH . t1 - S12 . t1 = 0
- 1736,979 . 3,9 + 100,281 . 4,036 + 764,443 . 1,040 - S12 . 1,040 = 0
S12 = - 5360,061kg
ƩMA = 0
- RAV . 0 - wd/2 . 0 + RAH . 0 + S20 . λ = 0
S20 = 0 kg
Potongan C dan D
Wd
D 3
C D' AA′
Wd/2 A' 2 sin α =
A B 2λ
C' x2
AA’ = 2,008 m
1 21 29
x1 20 Y1
RAH 28
11 C 12 D 13
A A B C D
RA
Potongan C – C
ƩMD’ = 0
- ( RAV+ wd/2 . cos α ) . 7,8 – wd . cos α . 3,9 + wd . sin α . t1 + S2 . AA’ = 0
- (1736,979 – 100,281 . cos 14,931) . 7,8 + 200,562 . cos 14,931 . 3,9 – 200,562. sin 14,931 . 1,040 + S2 .
2,008 = 0
- ( 1640,087 ) . 7,8 + 200,562 . cos 14,931 . 3,9 – 200,562. sin 14,931 . 1,040 + S2 . 2,008 = 0
S2 = + 6021,233 kg
17
ƩMA = 0
- RAV . 0 + RAH . 0 - wd/2 . 0 + wd . λ’ + S28 . AA’ = 0
200,562 . 4,036 + S28 . 2,008 = 0
S28 = - 403,122kg
Potongan D – D
ƩMA = 0
- Wd . λ’ - S21 . 6,8 = 0
200,562. 4,036 - S21 . 7,8 = 0
S21 = + 103,778 kg
ƩMD = 0
- RAV . 6,8 + RAH . AA’ - wd/2 . 2λ’ - wd . λ’ - S13 . t2 = 0
- 1736,979 . 7,8 + 764,443 . 2,008 + 100,281 . 8,072 + 200,562 . 4,036- S13 . 2,080 = 0
S13 = - 4997,355 kg
Potongan E dan F
Wd
F 4
E E'
Wd 3
D'
Wd/2 2
C' x2 Y2
22 30
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
RAH 28
11 C 12 D 13 E 14
A
E F
RA
Potongan E – E
ƩME’ = 0
- RAV . 11,7 – wd/2 . cos α . 11,7 – wd cos α . (2λ + λ) + wd . sin α . t1 + wd . sin α . t2 + S3 . x3 = 0
- 1736,979 . 11,7 + 100,281 . cos 14,931 . 11,7 + 200.562 . cos 14,931 . (7,8 + 3,9) – 200.562sin 14,931 .
1,040 – 200.562 sin 14,931 . 2,080 + S3 . 3,013 = 0
S3 = + 5710,084 kg
ƩMA = 0
- RAV . 0 – wd/2 . 0 – wd . λ’ – wd . 2λ’–S21 . 2λ’ + S29 . y2 = 0
200,562 . 4,036 + 200,562 . 8,072–103,778. 8,072+ S29 . 2,751 = 0
S29 = - 578,229kg
Potongan F – F
ƩMA = 0
- Wd . ( λ’ + 2λ’ ) - S22 . 11,7 = 0
200,562 . ( 4,036 + 8,072 ) - S22 . 11,7 = 0
S22 = + 207,556 kg
ƩME = 0
- RAV . 11,7 + RAH . t3 - wd/2 . 3λ’- wd . (2λ’ + λ’) - S14 . t3 = 0
- 1736,979 . 11,7 + 764,443 . 3,120 + 100,281 . 12,108 + 200,562 . (4,036 + 8,072) - S14 . 3,120= 0
S14 = - 4581,726 kg
18
Potongan G, H dan I
Wd
I
Wd H 5 6
G F'
Wd 4
E' Y4
Wd 3
D' Y3
23 31 32
Wd/2 2 x4 x5
C' x2 Y2
22 30
1 21 29 x3
x1 20 Y1
RAH 28
11 C 12 D 13 E 14 F 15
A
G H I
RA
Potongan G – G
ƩMF’ = 0
- RAV . 15,6 - wd/2 . cos α . 15,6 - wd . cos α . (3λ + 2λ + λ) + wd . sin α . (t1 + t2 + t3) + S4 . x4 = 0
- 1736,979 . 15,6 + 100,281 . cos 14,931 . 15,6 + 200,562 . cos 14,931 . (11,7 + 7,8 + 3,9) –200,562 . sin
14,931 . (1,040 + 2,080 + 3,120) + S4 . 4,017 = 0
S4 = + 5320,664 kg
ƩMA = 0
- RAV . 0 + RAH . 0 - wd/2 . 0 - wd . (3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S22 . 3λ’ + S30 . y3 = 0
200,562. (12,108+ 8,072 + 4,036) -207,556. 12,108 + S30 . 3,246 = 0
S30 = - 722,034 kg
Potongan H – H
ƩMA = 0
- Wd . (3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S23 . 4λ = 0
200,562 . (12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) - S23 . 15,6 = 0
S23 = + 311,334 kg
ƩMF = 0
- RAV . 15,6 + RAH . t4 - wd/2 . 4λ’ - wd . (3λ’ + 3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S15 . t4 = 0
- 1736,979 . 15,6 + 764,443 . 4,160 + 100,281 . 16,144 + 200,562 . (12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) - S15 .
4,160 = 0
S15 = +4192,559 kg
Potongan I – I
ƩMG = 0
- RAV . 19,5 – wd/2 . cos α . 19,5– wd . cos α . (4λ + 3λ + 2λ + λ) + wd . sin α . (t1 +t2 +t3 +t4) + S5 . x5= 0
- 1736,979 . 19,5 + 100.281 . cos 14,931 . 19,5 + 200,562. cos 14,931 . (15,6 + 11,7 + 7,8 + 3,9) - 200,562
. sin 14,931 . (1,040 + 2,080 + 3,120 + 4,160)+ S5 . 5,021 = 0
S5 = + 4970,346 kg
ƩMA = 0
- RAV . 0 + RAH . 0 – wd/2 . 0 – wd . (4λ’ + 3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S23 . 4λ’+ S31 . y4 = 0
200,562 . (16,144 + 12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) –311,334 . 16,144+ S31 . 2,496 = 0
S31 = - 1229,369 kg
19
Potongan R dan Q
9 Q Wi/2
K' R
35 10
27 x1
18 K 19 B
Q R
RB
Potongan R – R
ƩMK’ = 0
RBV . 3,9 - wi/2 . cos α . 3,9 - S10 . x1 = 0
3069,244 . 3,9 - 397,152 . cos 14,931 . 3,9 - S10 . 1,004= 0
S10 = + 10431,784 kg
ƩMK = 0
RBV . 3,9 - wi/2 . λ’ + S19 . t9 = 0
3069,244 . 3,9 - 397,152 . 4,036 + S19 . 1,040 = 0
S19 = - 9968,410 kg
Potongan Q – Q
ƩMB = 0
S27 . 3,9 = 0
S27 = 0 kg
ƩMk = 0
RBV . 3,9 - wi/2 . λ’ + S18 . t9 = 0
3069,244 . 3,9 - 397,152. 4,036+ S18 . 1,040 = 0
S18 = - 9968,410kg
Potongan P dan O
8 Wi
J' O
P
9 Wi/2
34 x2 K'
26 35 10
Y1
27 x1
17 J 18 K 19 B
O P
RB
Potongan P – P
ƩMJ’ = 0
RBV . 7,8 - wi/2 . cos α . 7,8 - wi . cos α . 3,9 + wi . sin α . t9 – S9 . x2 = 0
3069,244 . 7,8–397,152 . cos 14,931 . 7,8 – 794,304 . cos 14,931 . 3,9 + 794,304 . sin 14,931 . 2,080 –
S9 . 2,008 = 0
S9 = + 9153,073 kg
ƩMJ = 0
RBV . 7,8 - wi/2 . 2λ’ - wi . λ’ - S18 . t8 + S35 . y1 = 0
3069,244 . 7,8 – 397,152 . 8,072 – 794,304. 4,036 -9968,410. 2,080+ S35 . 2,006 = 0
S35 = +1598,111 kg
Potongan O – O
ƩMB = 0
- Wi . λ’ - S26 . 7,8 = 0
- 794,304 . 4,036 - S26 . 7,8 = 0
S26 = - 411,001 kg
20
ƩMJ = 0
RBV . 7,8 - wi/2 . 2λ’ - wi . λ’ + S17 . t8 = 0
3069,244 . 7,8 - 397,152 . 8,072 - 794,304 . 4,036 + S17 . 2,080 = 0
S17 = + 8427,154 kg
Potongan N dan M
7 M Wi
I' N
8 Wi
J'
33 9 Wi/2
25 Y2
34 x2 K'
x3 26 35 10
Y1
27 x1
16 I 17 J 18 K 19 B
M N O P Q R
RB
Potongan N – N
ƩMI’ = 0
RBV . 11,7- wi/2 . cos α . 11,7 - wi . cos α . (2λ + λ) + wi . sin α . (t8 + t9) – S8 . x3 = 0
3069,244 . 11,7 - 397,152 . cos 14,931 . 11,7 - 794,304 . cos 14,931 . (7,8 + 3,9) + 794,304 . sin
14,931 . (2,080 + 1,040) - S8 . 3,013 = 0
S8 = + 7659,993 kg
ƩMI = 0
RBV . 11,7 - wi/2 . 3λ’ – wi . (2λ’ + λ’) - S17 . t7 + S34 . y2 = 0
3069,244 . 11,7 - 397,152 . 12,108 - 794,304 . (8,072+4,036) - 8427,154. 3,120 + S34 . 2,751 = 0
S34 = + 1747,988 kg
Potongan M – M
ƩMB = 0
- Wi . (2λ’ + λ’) - S25 . 11,7 = 0
- 794,304 . (8,072 + 4,036) - S25 . 11,7 = 0
S25 = - 822,003 kg
ƩMI = 0
RBV . 11,7 - wi/2 . 3λ’ - wi . (2λ’ + λ’) + S16 . t7 = 0
3069,244 . 11,7 - 397,152 . 12,108 - 794,304. (8,072 + 4,036) + S16 . 3,120 = 0
S16 = + 6885,899 kg
Potongan L, K dan J
Wi
J
G
5 6 K Wi
H' L
7 Wi
Y4
I'
8 Wi
31 32 24 Y3 J'
x5 x4 33 9 Wi/2
25 Y2
34 x2 K'
x3 26 35 10
Y1
27 x1
15 H 16 I 17 J 18 K 19 B
J K L
RB
21
Potongan L – L
ƩMH’ = 0
RBV . 15,6 - wi/2 . cos α . 15,6 - wi . cos α . (3λ + 2λ + λ) + wi . sin α . (t7 + t8 + t9) - S7 . x4 = 0
3069,244 . 15,6 –397,152 . cos 14,931 . 15,6 –794,304 . cos 14,931 . (11,7 +7,8 + 3,9) + 794,304 . sin
14,931 . (3,120 + 2,0801,040) - S7 . 4,017 = 0
S7 = - 16295,917 kg
ƩMH = 0
RBV . 15,6 - wi/2 . 4λ’ - wi . (3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S16 . t6 + S33 . y3 = 0
3069,244 . 15,6–397,152 . 16,144–794,304 . (12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) – 6885,899. 4,160+ S33 . 3,246 =
0
S33 = + 39747,037 kg
Potongan K – K
ƩMB = 0
- wi . (3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ’) - S24 . 13,6 = 0
- 794,304 . (12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) - S24 . 15,6 = 0
S24 = - 1233,004 kg
Potongan J – J
ƩMG = 0
RBV . 19,5 - wi/2 . cos α . 19,5 - wi . cos α . (4λ + 3λ + 2λ + λ) + wi . sin α . ( t6+t7+t8+t9) - S6 . x5 = 0
3069,244 . 19,5 - 397,152 . cos 14,931 . 19,5 - 794,304 . cos 14,931 . (15,6 + 11,7 + 7,8 + 3,9) +
794,304 . sin 14,931 . (4,160 + 3,120 + 2,080 + 1,040) - S6 . 5,021 = 0
S6 = + 4973,703 kg
ƩMH = 0
RBV . 15,6 - wi/2 . 4λ’ - wi . (3λ’ + 2λ’ + λ) - S15 . t4 - S32 . y4 = 0
3069,244. 15,6 –397,152. 16,144 -794,304. (12,108 + 8,072 + 4,036) –4192,559 . 4,160 – S32 . 2,496 =
0
S32 = + 1920,142 kg
22
TABEL GAYA – GAYA BATANG AKIBAT ANGIN KIRI
GAYA-GAYA BATANG
Nomor
MERHODE RITTER METHODE CREMONA Sesatan
Batang
Tarik (+) → kg Tekan (-) → kg Tarik (+) → kg Tekan (-) → kg
1 6370,876 - 6370,423 -
2 6021,233 - 6020,945 -
3 5710,084 - 5709,784 -
4 5320,664 - 5320,389 -
5 4970,346 - 4970,013 -
6 4973,703 - 4973,476 -
7 6119,957 - 6119,646 -
8 7659,993 - 7659,687 -
9 9153,073 - 9152,781 -
10 10431,073 - 10430,789 -
11 - 5360,061 - 5359,738
12 - 5360,061 - 5359,738
13 - 4997,355 - 4997,067
14 - 4581,726 - 4581,503
15 - 4192,559 - 4192,207
16 - 6885,899 - 6885,634
17 - 8427,154 - 8426,86
18 - 9968,410 - 9968,211
19 - 9968,410 - 9968,211
20 0 0 0 0
21 103,778 - 103,778 -
22 207,556 - 207,556 -
23 311,334 - 311,334 -
24 - 1233,004 - 1233,004
25 - 822,002 - 822,002
26 - 411,001 - 411,001
27 0 0 0 0
28 - 403,122 - 403,122
29 - 578,229 - 578,229
30 - 722,034 - 722,034
31 - 1229,369 - 1229,369
32 1920,142 - 1920,142 -
33 1975,237 - 1975,237 -
34 1747,988 - 1747,988 -
35 1598,111 - 1598,111 -
23
TABEL GAYA – GAYA BATANG AKIBAT ANGIN KANAN
GAYA-GAYA BATANG
Nomor
MERHODE RITTER METHODE CREMONA Sesatan
Batang
Tarik (+) → kg Tekan (-) → kg Tarik (+) → kg Tekan (-) → kg
1 10431,073 - 10430,789 -
2 9153,073 - 9152,781 -
3 7659,993 - 7659,687 -
4 6119,957 - 6119,646 -
5 4973,703 - 4973,476 -
6 4970,346 - 4970,013 -
7 5320,664 - 5320,389 -
8 5710,084 - 5709,784 -
9 6021,233 - 6020,945 -
10 6370,876 - 6370,423 -
11 - 9968,410 - 9968,211
12 - 9968,410 - 9968,211
13 - 8427,154 - 8426,86
14 - 6885,899 - 6885,634
15 - 4192,559 - 4192,207
16 - 4581,726 - 4581,503
17 - 4997,355 - 4997,067
18 - 5360,061 - 5359,738
19 - 5360,061 - 5359,738
20 0 0 0 0
21 - 411,001 - 411,001
22 - 822,002 - 822,002
23 - 1233,004 - 1233,004
24 311,334 - 311,334 -
25 207,556 - 207,556 -
26 103,778 - 103,778 -
27 0 0 0 0
28 1598,111 - 1598,111 -
29 1747,988 - 1747,988 -
30 1975,237 - 1975,237 -
31 1920,142 - 1920,142 -
32 - 1229,369 - 1229,369
33 - 722,034 - 722,034
34 - 578,229 - 578,229
35 - 403,122 - 403,122
24
DAFTAR GAYA-GAYA BATANG KRITIS
GAYA-GAYA BATANG
Nomor AKIBAT BERAT
AKIBAT ANGIN KIRI AKIBAT ANGIN KANAN EXTREM / KRITIS
Batang SENDIRI
Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan Tarik Tekan
1 - 18460,965 6370,876 - 10431,073 - - 18460,965
2 - 16425,584 6021,233 - 9153,073 - - 16425,584
3 - 14385,428 5710,084 - 7659,993 - - 14385,428
4 - 12351,748 5320,664 - 6119,957 - - 12351,748
5 - 10317,387 4970,346 - 4973,703 - - 10317,387
6 - 10317,387 4973,703 - 4970,346 - - 10317,387
7 - 12351,748 6119,957 - 5320,664 - - 12351,748
8 - 14385,428 7659,993 - 5710,084 - - 14385,428
9 - 16425,584 9153,073 - 6021,233 - - 16425,584
10 - 18460,965 10431,073 - 6370,876 - - 18460,965
11 17821,931 - - 5360,061 - 9968,410 17821,931 -
12 17821,931 - - 5360,061 - 9968,410 17821,931 -
13 15857,006 - - 4997,355 - 8427,154 15857,006 -
14 13892,081 - - 4581,726 - 6885,899 13892,081 -
15 11928,975 - - 4192,559 - 4192,559 11928,975 -
16 13892,081 - - 6885,899 - 4581,726 13892,081 -
17 15857,006 - - 8427,154 - 4997,355 15857,006 -
18 17821,931 - - 9968,410 - 5360,061 17821,931 -
19 17821,931 - - 9968,410 - 5360,061 17821,931 -
20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 - 523,980 103,778 - - 411,001 - 934,981
22 - 1047,960 207,556 - - 822,002 - 1869,962
23 - 1571,940 311,334 - - 1233,004 - 2804,994
24 - 1571,940 - 1233,004 311,334 - - 2804,994
25 - 1047,960 - 822,002 207,556 - - 1869,962
26 - 523,980 - 411,001 103,778 - - 934,981
27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 - 2037,409 - 403,122 1598,111 - - 2440,531
29 - 2228,486 - 578,229 1747,988 - - 2806,715
30 - 2518,203 - 722,034 1975,237 - - 3240,237
31 - 3274,875 - 1229,369 1920,142 - - 4504,244
32 - 3274,875 1920,142 - - 1229,369 - 4504,244
33 - 2518,203 1975,237 - - 722,034 - 3240,237
34 - 2228,486 1747,988 - - 578,229 - 2806,715
35 - 2037,409 1598,111 - - 403,122 - 2440,531
25
PERHITUNGAN IKATAN ANGIN
f5 f6
h4
h3 f4
f1 h2 f3
f2
h1
1,95 3,90 3,90 3,90 3,90 3,90
α = 14,931
h = 5,2 m
h1 = tg α . 1,95 = 0,520 m
h2 = tg α . 5,85 = 1,560 m
h3 = tg α . 9,75 = 2,600 m
h4 = tg α . 13,65 = 3,640 m
h5 = tg α . 17,55 = 4,680 m
f1 = 1/2 . ( 0,000 + 0,520 ) . 3,9 = 1,014 m2

f2 = 1/2 . ( 0,520 + 1,560 ) . 3,9 = 4,056 m2
f3 = 1/2 . ( 1,560 + 2,600 ) . 3,9 = 8,112 m2
f4 = 1/2 . ( 2,600 + 3,640 ) . 3,9 = 12,168 m2
f5 = 1/2 . ( 3,640 + 4,680 ) . 3,9 = 16,224 m2
f6 = 1/2 . ( 4,680 + 5,200 ) . 3,9 = 19,266 m2
Jarak Gading-gading kap = 4,1 m

Q ( tekanan angin ) = 120 kg/jam
P1 = f1 . q = 1,014 . 120 = 121,68 kg
P2 = f2 . q = 4,056 . 120 = 486,72 kg
P3 = f3 . q = 8,112 . 120 = 973,44 kg
P4 = f4 . q = 12,168 . 120 = 1460,16 kg
P5 = f5 . q = 16,224 . 120 = 1946,88 kg
P6 = f6 . q = 19,266 . 120 = 2311,92 kg +
P total = 7300,80 kg
R = P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 = P total = 7300,80 kg
R = 7300,80 kg
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
4,036 4,036 4,036 4,036 4,036
26
Tinjau batang memikul gaya paling maximum, kemudian hitung besar gaya batang.
R = 7300,80 kg
I
C D
4 4,10
tg θ = = 1,0159
I 4,036
4,10 1 3 θ = 45,45685
II
A 2 B
II
P = 121,68 kg
4,036 4,036
Besar gaya – gaya batang.
Potongan I – I
ƩV = 0
- R + S1 = 0
S1 = R = -7300,80kg (Tekan)
ƩH = 0
S4 = 0
Potongan II – II
ƩV = 0
P1 - S1 + S3 sin θ = 0
121,68 - 7300,80+ S3 . sin 45,45685 = 0
S3 = + 10072,814 kg (Tarik)
ƩH = 0
- S2 + S3 cos θ = 0
S2 = 10072,814. cos 45,45685
S2 = + 7065,537 kg (Tarik)
27
DIMENSI IKATAN ANGIN
Gaya batang maximum diambil, yaitu
S3 → P = 10072,814kg untuk mandimensi Batang Ikatan Angin
ℓk = √4,12 + 4,0362 = 5,753 m
Bj 52 → σ̅= 2400 kg/cm2
̅ tarik = 0,75 . σ
σ ̅ = 0,75 . 2400 = 1800 kg/cm2
N 10072,814
A netto =
̅ tarik
= = 5,596 cm2
σ 1800
A netto 5,596
A brutto = = = 6,583 cm2
85% 0,85
Ambil profil ∟55 . 55 . 8

Dimana : A = 8,23> A brutto = 6,583 cm2
d = 1,64 cm
t = 0,8 cm
A lubang = 0,8 . 1,64 = 1,312 cm2
A brutto = A profil - A lubang = 8,23 -1,312 = 6,918 cm2
A netto = 0,85 . A brutto = 0,85 . 6,918 = 5,880 cm2
N 10072,814
σ = = = 1713,064 kg/cm2<σ ̅ tarik = 1800 kg/cm2 → Oke Aman .....
A netto 5,880
jadi Profil ∟ 55 . 55 . 8 cukup aman untuk ikatan angin
Perhitungan Jumlah Baut :

Digunakan Baut ∅ 20 mm
1
̅ g1 irisan =
N . 3,14 . ( 2,0 )2 . ( 0,6 . 2400) = 4521,600 kg
4
P = 10072,814kg
̅ = 4521,600kg
Baut Bekerja 1 irisan N
10072,814
n= =2,228 : Pakai 3 baut
4521,600
28
DIMENSI BATANG SBELAH BAWAH
Batang bawah adalah batang tarik
S11 = 17821,931 kg S16 = 13892,081kg
S12 = 17821,931kg S17 = 15857,006 kg
S13 = 15857,006 kg S18 = 17821,931kg
S14 = 13892,081 kg S19 = 17821,931kg
S15 = 11928,975 kg

S11, S12, S18 dan S19 → P = 17821,931kg untuk mendimensi batang bawah
Bj. 52 → ̅ = 2400 kg/cm2
σ
ℓ𝑘 390
ℓk = 3,9 m → i min> → i min>
240 240
i min> 1,625
̅ tarik = 0,75 . σ
σ ̅ = 0,75 . 2400 = 1800 kg/cm2
𝑁 17821,931
A netto = = = 9,901 cm2
̅ 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘
σ 1800
A netto 9,901
A brutto = = = 11,648 cm2 → untuk 2 profil
85 % 0,85
11,648
Untuk 1 profil, A brutto = = 5,824 cm2
2
Diambil profil ∟ 55 . 55 . 8
d = 1,7 cm
t = 0,8 cm
i min = 1,64 cm > 1,625 → Oke ......
A lubang = 2 . d . t = 2 . 1,7 . 0,8 = 2,72 cm2
A brutto = A profil - A lubang = 2 . 8,23 - 2,72 = 13,74 cm2
ℓ𝑘 390
Kontrol : ≤ 240 → = 237,805 ≤ 240 → Oke ......
i min 1,64
N 17821,931
̅=
σ = = 1525,981<σ̅ tarik = 1800 → Oke Aman .....
A netto 11,679
Jadi profil ∟ 55 . 55 . 8 cukup aman untuk Batang Bawah
29
DIMENSI BATANG SEBELAH ATAS
Batang atas adalah batang tekan
S1 = 18460,965 kg S6 = 10317,387kg
S2 = 16425,584 kg S7 = 12351,748kg
S3 = 14385,428 kg S8 = 14385,428 kg
S4 = 12351,748 kg S9 = 16425,584 kg
S5 = 10317,387kg S10 = 18460,965 kg

S1 dan S10 → P = 18460,965 kg untuk mendimensi Batang Atas
Bj. 52 → ̅ = 2400 kg/cm2
σ
ℓk = 4,036 m
mendimensi batang Tekan

N 18460,965
A taksiran = + 2,5 ℓk2 = + 2,5 . 4,0362 = 48,415 cm2 → untuk 2 profil
̅
σ 2400
48,415
2
Diambil Profil ∟ 110 . 110 . 12

Dimana : A = 25,1 cm2
ix = iy = 3,34 cm
Ix = Iy = 280 cm4
In = 116 cm4
Iξ = 444 cm4
in = 2,15 cm
iξ = 4,21 cm
e = 3,15 cm
Tebal pelat buhul ( δ ) = 1,2 cm = 12 mm

𝛿 1,2
1,2 λ = e + = 3,15 + = 3,75 cm
2 2
Ix total = 2 . Ix = 2 . 280 = 560 cm4
Iy total = 2 . (Iy + A + λ) = 2 . (280 + 25,1 + 3,75) = 617,70 cm4
X
iy ideal 617,70
Iy = √ = √2 = 3,508 cm
A total . 25,1
e e
a
y
Kontrol :
Ix total = 2 . Ix
= 2 . 280
= 560 cm4
Iy = 2 . Iy + 2 . A profil . ( 1 / 2 a )2
= 2 . 280 + 2 . 25,1 . 3,752
= 1265,937 cm4
1265,937
iy total = √ 2 . 25,1
iy total = 5,022
30
1. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bahan ( sumbu x )
Ix total → ix total
Ix total
ix total = √
F total
560
= √ 50,2
=3,340
ℓkx
λiy =
ix
403,6
= = 120,838
3,340
Perhatikan tabel tekuk :
λ = 120,838
λ = 120 → ω = 4,169
λ = 121 → ω = 4,238
} → interpolasi → ω = (0,838 . (4,238 – 4,169)) + 4,169 = 4,227
N 18460,965
ω = 4,227 < 2400 kg/cm2
A 50,2
1554,472< 2400 kg/cm2 → Oke Aman ......
2. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y )

λiy = λx
m
λiy =√λy 2 + λi2
2
ℓky
λy =
iy total
403,6
= = 80,366
5,022
ℓi
λi =
i min
ℓi
25 = → ℓi = 83,5 cm
3,340
ℓk 403,6
n = = = 4,833 → 5 bh
ℓi 83,5
403,6
ℓi = = 80,72 cm
5
2 80,72 2
λiy = √80,3662 + . ( )
2 2,15
= 88,703

λ = 88,703
λ = 88 → ω = 2,264
λ = 89 → ω = 2,305
} → interpolasi → ω = (0,703 . (2,305 – 2,264)) + 2,264 = 2,293
N 18460,965
ω = 2,293 < 2400 kg/cm2
A 50,2
843,247< 2400 kg/cm2 → Oke Aman ......
31
MERENCANAKAN PELAT KOPEL :
Jarak pelat kopel = 70 cm
Jumlah medan = 6, jumlah pelat kopel = 7
Gaya Lintang yang dipikul oleh pelat kopel = D
D = 0,02 N
= 0,02 . 18460,965kg
= 369,219 kg
Tegangan Geser yang terjadi persatuan panjang = t

D . Sy
t = → Sy = A profil . ( 1 / 2 . a )
Iy = 25,1 . ( 3,75 )
369,219 . 94,125 = 94,125 cm3
=
1509,909 Iy tot = 2 ( Iy ) + 2 ( A profil ) . X
= 23,016 kg/cm ( e + ½ tebal pelat )2

= 2 ( 280 ) + 2 ( 25,1 ) .
( 3,15 + 1,2 )2
1 1
2 a 2 a
= 1509,909 cm4
Gaya geser yang dipiku Pelat Kopel = L

L = t . L1
= 23,016 . 70
= 1611,120 kg
Ukuran Pelat Kopel :

Syarat :
s Ip Ii
h 1. ≥ 10
a L1
1
L1 . 1,2 . h3 116
2
≥ 10
7,5 70
≥ 5,917 cm → ambil 6 cm
12 mm
y
1 1
2 a 2 a
Mutu baut 4.8
Ambil
Jarak Baut :
5,5 cm
2,5 . (2,0 ) ≤ u ≤ 7 ( 2,0 )
4,00 5 ≤ u ≤ 14
Coba u = 5 cm
5,00 L = 1611,120 kg 1,2 ( 2,0 ) ≤ u ≤ 3 ( 2,0 )
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
4,00
Coba u = 4cm
11,6 - 5,5 = 6,1 cm
11,0 cm
23,2/2 = 11,6 cm
Pindahkan L ketitik berat pola baut

Timbul momen = 1611,120 . 6,7
= 10794,504 kg cm
32
Check kekuatan pelat kopel : potongan kritis melalui baut 1 dan 2
A netto = ( 13 - 2 . 2,1 ) . 1,2
4 cm = 10,56 cm2
1
2,1 cm I netto = . 1,2 . 133 - 2 . 1,2 . 2,1 . 2,52
12
= 188,20 cm4
5 cm 188,20
W netto = = 28,954 cm3
6,5
𝐿 10794,504
τr = = = 1022,207 kg/cm2<τ̅ ( 0,58 . 2400 )
𝐴 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑜 10,56
4 cm
= 1022,207 kg/cm2< 1392
10794,504
σ = = 573,566 kg/cm2
18,820
1,2 cm
Rumus Huber Hanky (berlaku karena ada perlemahan penampang)

σi = √(573,566)2 + 3 (1022,207)2
= 1861,102 kg/cm2< 2400 → Oke Aman ........
Menentukan Jumlah Baut :

Check pola kekuatan baut yang dipergunakan
Kekuatan baut :
1
N g = . 3,14 . 22 . 1440 = 4521,60kg
4
N tp = 2 . 1,2 . 3200 = 7680kg
Gaya pikul baut :

Akibat geser 1611,120kg dipikul 2 baut, masing – masing = 805,560 kg
Akibat momen 10794,504 kg cm , gaya baut sebesar
10794,504 . 7
= = 771,036kg
72 + 72
K total = √(771,036)2 + (805,560)2
= 1115,089 kg <4521,60 kg
33
DIMENSI BATANG VERTIKAL
S20 = 0,000 kg S24 = 2804,994kg

S21 = 934,981 kg S25 = 1869,962kg
S22 = 1869,962kg S26 = 934,981kg
S23 = 2804,994 kg S27 = 0,000 kg

S23 dan S24 → P = 2804,994kguntuk mendimensi batang vertikal
Bj. 52 → ̅ = 2400 kg/cm2
σ
ℓ𝑘 520
ℓk = 5,2 m → i min> → i min>
240 240
i min>2,167
̅ tarik = 0,75 . σ
σ ̅ = 0,75 . 2400 = 1800 kg/cm2
𝑁 2804,994
A netto = = = 1,558 cm2
̅ 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘
σ 1800
A netto 1,558
A brutto = = = 1,833 cm2 → untuk 2 profil
85 % 0,85
1,833
2
Diambil profil ∟ 75 . 75 . 7
d = 2,3 cm
t = 0,7 cm
i min = 2,28 cm >2,167 → Oke ......
A lubang = 2 . d . t = 2 . 2,3 . 0,7 = 3,22 cm2

A brutto = A profil - A lubang = 2 . 10,1–3,22 = 16,98 cm2
ℓ𝑘 520
Kontrol : ≤ 240 → = 228,070 ≤ 240 → Oke ......
i min 2,28
N 2804,994
̅=
σ = = 194,346<σ
̅ tarik = 1800 → Oke Aman .....
A netto 14,433
Jadi profil ∟ 75 . 75 . 7 cukup aman untuk Batang Vertikal
34
DIMENSI BATANG DIAGONAL
S28 = 2440,531kg S32 =4504,244kg

S29 = 2806,715kg S33 = 3240,237kg
S30 = 3240,237 kg S34 = 2806,715kg
S31 = 4504,244 kg S35 = 2440,531kg

S31 dan S32 → P = 4504,244kg untuk mendimensi Batang Diagonal
Bj. 52 → ̅ = 2400 kg/cm2
σ
ℓk = 5,702m
mendimensi batang Tekan

N 4504,244
A taksiran = + 2,5 ℓk2 = + 2,5 . 5,7022 = 83,159cm2 → untuk 2 profil
̅
σ 2400
83,159
2
Diambil Profil ∟ 140 . 140 . 17

Dimana : A = 45,0 cm2
ix = iy= 4,23 cm
Ix = Iy = 805 cm4
In = 334 cm4
Iξ = 1280 cm4
in = 2,72 cm
iξ = 5,33 cm
e = 4,08 cm
Tebal pelat buhul ( δ ) = 1,7 cm = 17 mm

𝛿 1,7
λ = e + = 4,08 + = 4,93 cm
1,7
2 2
Ix total = 2 . Ix = 2 . 805 = 1610 cm4
X
Iy total = 2 . (Iy + A + λ) = 2 . (805 + 45,0 + 4,93) = 1709,86 cm4
iy ideal 1709,86
e
a
e Iy = √ = √ = 4,359 cm
y
A total 2 . 45
Kontrol :
Ix total = 2 . Ix
= 2 . 805
= 1610 cm4
Iy = 2 . Iy + 2 . A profil . ( 1 / 2 a )2
= 2 . 805 + 2 . 45 . 4,932
= 3797,441 cm4
3797,441
iy total = √
90
iy total = 6,496
35
1. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bahan ( sumbu x )
Ix total → ix total
Ix total
ix total = √
F total
1610
= √ =4,229
90
ℓkx
λiy =
ix
570,2
= = 134,831
4,229
λ = 134,831
λ = 134 → ω = 5,198
λ = 135 → ω = 5,276
} → interpolasi → ω = (0,831 . (5,276 – 5,198)) + 5,198 = 5,263
N 4504,244
ω = 5,263 < 2400 kg/cm2
A 90
263,398< 2400 kg/cm2 → Oke Aman ......
2. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y )

λiy = λx
m
λiy =√λy 2 + λi2
2
ℓky
λy =
iy total
570,2
= = 87,777
6,496
ℓi
λi =
i min
ℓi
25 = → ℓi = 105,75 cm
4,23
ℓk 570,2
n = = = 5,392 → 6 bh
ℓi 105,75
570,2
ℓi = = 95,033 cm
6
2 95,033 2
λiy = √87,7772 + . ( )
2 2,72
= 94,475

λ = 94,475
λ = 94 → ω = 2,558
λ = 95 → ω = 2,613
} → interpolasi → ω = (0,475 . (2,613 – 2,558)) + 2,558 = 2,584
N 4504,244
ω = 2,584 < 2400 kg/cm2
A 90
129,322< 2400 kg/cm2 → Oke Aman ......
36
MERENCANAKAN PELAT KOPEL :
Jarak pelat kopel = 80 cm
Jumlah medan = 6, jumlah pelat kopel = 7
Gaya Lintang yang dipikul oleh pelat kopel = D
D = 0,02 N
= 0,02 . 4504,244 kg
= 90,085 kg
Tegangan Geser yang terjadi persatuan panjang = t

D . Sy
t = → Sy = A profil . ( 1 / 2 . a )
Iy = 45 . ( 4,93 )
90,085 . 221,85 = 221,85 cm3 X
=
4616,756 Iy tot = 2 ( Iy ) + 2 ( A profil ) .
= 4,329 kg/cm ( e + ½ tebal pelat )2
= 2 ( 805 ) + 2 ( 45 ) . 1
2 a 1
2 a
( 4,08 + 1,7 )2
= 4616,756 cm4
Gaya geser yang dipiku Pelat Kopel = L

L = t . L1
= 4,329 . 80
= 246,32 kg
Ukuran Pelat Kopel :

Syarat :
s
Ip Ii
h
≥ 10
a L1
1
L1 . 1,7 . h3 334
2
≥ 10
9,86 80
≥ 7,853 cm → ambil 8 cm
17 mm
y
1 1
2 a 2 a
Mutu baut 4.8
Ambil
Jarak Baut :
7 cm
2,5 . ( 1,2 ) ≤ u ≤ 7 ( 1,2 )
2,00 3 ≤ u ≤ 8,4
Coba u = 3 cm
3,00 L = 246,32 kg
1,2 ( 1,2 ) ≤ u ≤ 3 ( 1,2 )
2,00 1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,6
Coba u = 2 cm
14,85 - 7 = 7,85 cm
14,0 cm
29,7/2 = 14,85 cm
Pindahkan L ketitik berat pola baut

Timbul momen = 246,32 . 6,7
= 1650,344 kg cm
37
Check kekuatan pelat kopel : potongan kritis melalui baut 1 dan 2
A netto = ( 7 - 2 . 1,3 ) . 1,7
2 cm = 7,48cm2
1
13 cm I netto = . 1,7 . 73 - 2 . 1,7 . 1,3 . 22
12
= 30,912 cm4
3 cm
30,912
W netto = = 8,832 cm3
3,5
𝐿 1650,344
2 cm τr = = = 220,634 kg/cm2<τ̅ ( 0,58 . 2400 )
𝐴 𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑜 7,48
= 220,634 kg/cm2< 1392
1650,344
σ = = 186,860kg/cm2
1,7 cm 8,832
Rumus Huber Hanky (berlaku karena ada perlemahan penampang)

σi = √(186,860)2 + 3 (220,634)2
= 425,388kg/cm2< 2400 → Oke Aman ........
Menentukan Jumlah Baut :

Check pola kekuatan baut yang dipergunakan
Kekuatan baut :
1
N g = . 3,14 . 1,22 . 1440 = 1627,776 kg
4
N tp = 2 . 1,7 . 3200 = 10880 kg
Gaya pikul baut :

Akibat geser 246,32 kg dipikul 2 baut, masing – masing = 123,16kg
Akibat momen 1650,344 kg cm , gaya baut sebesar
1650,344 . 7
= = 117,882 kg
72 + 72
K total = √(117,882)2 + (123,16)2
= 170,483kg <2215,584 kg
38
PERHITUNGAN JUMLAH BAUT
G
1 031
,3 8 7 7 ,3 8 7
1 0317 H'
F'
1 ,7 4 8
1 235
E'
45
4
,2 4
5 ,4 2 8
04
2804,994
2804,994
1 438
04
,2 4
D'
45
1869,962
4
32
40
5 ,5 8 4 ,2 3
1 642
934,981
C' 28
06
,7 1
7
5
0,00
2 440
0 ,9 6 5 ,5 3 1
1 846
A 17821,931 17821,931
D
15857,006
E'
13892,081 11928,975
H
C F
a. Titik Buhul A
0 ,9 6 5
2 1846
.1 10 . 1
110
17821,931
55 . 55 . 8
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas
Digunakan Pelat Buhul 12 mm
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 2400 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

P = 18460,965kg dipikul ke flens vertikal = 9230,482 kg
Flens horizontal = 9230,482 kg
 Flens vertikal :
Baut bekerja 2 irisan N̅ = 9043,2kg
9230,482
n = = 1,021 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
9230,482
n = = 1,021 ; pakai 2 baut , untuk masing-masing flens.
2 . 4521,6
Batang Bawah
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
39
Tinjau Batang Atas
P = 17821,931 kg dipikul ke flens vertikal = 8910,465 kg
8910,465
n = = 0,985 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
Baut bekerja 1 irisan N̅ = 4521,6 kg
8910,465
n = = 0,985 ; pakai 2 baut , untuk masing-masing flens
2 . 4521,6
110 . 110 . 12
S1
0 ,9 6 5
1846
2 O 20
12 mm
2 O 20
110 . 110 . 12 S11
17821,931
55 . 55 . 8
2 O 20
2 O 20
110 . 110 . 12
5313,190
Jarak Baut : batang atas dan batang bawah
2,5 . ( 2,0 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . ( 2,0)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 10 cm
1,2 . ( 2,0) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2,0 )
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5 cm
check kekuatan pelat pertemuan :

Potongan a - a
Tinggi pelat pertemuan = 26,14 cm
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Jumlah lubang pada potongan a - a = 2 bh
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) = 5,04 cm2
A netto = ( 26,14 . 1,2 - 5,04 ) = 26,33 cm2
Titik berat pelat pertemuan potongan a - a

y̅ = Sx / A netto
3,95 1,2 . 26,14 . 13,07 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 22,19 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 5,5
y̅ = = 12,92 cm
26,33
9,27
13,22
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 26,143 + 1,2 . 26,14 . ( 12,92 - 5,5 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
. (12,92 - 5,5)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 . 9,272
26,14 = 3157,861 cm4
22,19
I netto 3157,861
7,42
W atas = = = 238,87 cm3
12,92 y atas 13,22
I netto 3157,861
5,50 W bawah = = = 244,42 cm3
y bawah 12,92
40
Gaya – gaya yang bekerja pada potongan a - a
α = 14,931
sin α = 0,2575
Cos α = 0,9662
- Gaya Normal ( N )
y N = RA . cos α + S11 . cos α - S1
14 ,9 3 1
R Sin
A
x S1 = 5313,19 . cos 14,931 + 17821,931 . cos 14,931-
31
s 1 4 ,9 18460,965
S co
11
31 = 3892,189 kg
s 1 4 ,9
RA co - Gaya Lintang ( D )
S11
31 D = RA sin α + S11 sin α
S11 si n 1 4 ,9 = 5313,19 . sin 14,931+ 17821,931 . sin 14,931
= 5957,294 kg
RA - M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 3892,189 . ( 12,92–3,15 ) + 5957,294 . ( 12,92 - 12,92 )
= 38026,686 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 3892,189
Akibat N → σ = = = 147,823 kg/cm2
A netto 26,33
D 5957,294
Akibat D → =
τ = = 226,255 kg/cm2
A netto 26,33
38026,686
Akibat M → 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 =− = - 159,194 kg/cm2
238,87
38026,686
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 155,579 kg/cm2
244,42
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = -159,194+ 147,823 = - 11,371 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 155,579 + 147,823 = 303,402 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √303,4022 + 3 . 226,2552
= 495,607<σ
̅ = 2400 kg/cm2 → pelat buhul aman .....
41
b. Titik Buhul C’
. 12 5 ,5 8 4
10 1 642
1 10 . 1
. 12
. 110
1 10
1 40
. 140 2 440
65 . 17
18 4 6 0 ,9 75 . 75 . 7 ,5 3 1
0,00
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

9230,482
n = = 1,021 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
9230,482
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg
P = 2440,531 kg , gaya tekan

̅ = 3255,552 kg
Baut bekerja 2 irisan N
2440,531
n = = 0,750 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
42
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 0,00 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
0,00
n = = 0 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
S2
5 ,5 8 4
110 . 110 . 12 1642
2 O 20
140 . 140 . 17
S1 5
0 ,9 6
1846 2 O 8
2 O 12 S28
12 mm 2440
75 . 75 . 7 ,5 31
S20 = 0
Jarak Baut :
batang atas : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
batang diagonal: 2,5 . ( 1,2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . ( 1,2 )
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
batang vertikal : 2,5 . ( 0,8 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . ( 0,8 )
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tinggi pelat pertemuan = 29,05cm
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 1,3 . 1,2 ) = 4,08 cm2
A netto = ( 29,05. 1,2 - 4,08 ) = 30,78 cm2
43
y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 29,05 . 14,525 − 1,3 . 1,2 . 18,83 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 5,5
10,22 y̅ = = 15,05 cm
30,78
14,00
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 29,053 + 1,2 . 29,05. ( 15,05 - 5,5 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
3,78 . (15,05 - 5,5)2 - 2,1. 1,2 . 3,782
29,05
= 5365,019 cm4
I netto 5365,019
18,83
9,55
W atas = = = 383,22 cm3
15,05 y atas 14,00
I netto 5365,019
5,50 W bawah = = = 356,48 cm3
y bawah 15,05

α = 14,931 θ = 29,863
sin α = 0,2575 sin θ = 0,4979
Cos α = 0,9662 cos θ = 0,8672
- Gaya Normal ( N )
y N = S28 . cos θ1 + S20 . cos α
Sina = 2440,531 . cos 29,863 + 0,00 . cos 14,931
S2 0
x S2 = 2116,428 kg
cosa
S 2 0
- Gaya Lintang ( D )
s O1
O1 S28 co D = S1 - S20 sin α - S2 - S28 sin θ1
O1 = 18460,965 - 0,00 . sin 14,931 - 16425,584 - 2440,531.
S1 S28 sin S28
sin 29,863
= 820,241 kg
S20
- M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 2116,428 . ( 15,05 – 3,15 ) + 820,241 . ( 15,05 - 15,05 )
= 25185,493 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 2116,428
Akibat N → σ = = =68,755 kg/cm2
A netto 30,78
D 820,241
Akibat D → τ = = = 26,648 kg/cm2
A netto 30,78
25185,493
Akibat M → 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = − = - 65,721 kg/cm2
383,22
25185,493
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 70,650 kg/cm2
356,48
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = -65,721+ 68,755 = 3,034kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 70,650 + 68,755 = 159,405 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √159,4052 + 3 . 26,7552
= 166,004<σ
44
c. Titik Buhul D’
5 ,4 2 8
. 110
. 12 1 43 8
110
. 12
. 110
110
14
4 0.
5 ,5 8 75 . 75 . 7 14
1 64 2 0 .1
7 28
06
,7 1
934,981 5
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

8212,792
n = = 0,908 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
8212,792
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
2806,715
n = = 0,862 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
45
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 934,981 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
934,981
n = = 0,646 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
110 . 110 . 12 S3
5 ,4 2 8
1438
2 O 20
2 O 12
S2 4 140 . 140 . 17
5 ,5 8
1642
2 O 8
12 mm
75 . 75 . 7
S29
28
06
,9 6
2
S21 = 934,981
Jarak Baut :
batang atas : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 1,3 . 1,2 ) = 4,08 cm2
A netto = ( 29,84 . 1,2 - 4,08 ) = 31,73 cm2
46
y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 29,84 . 14,92 − 1,3 . 1,2 . 18,5 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 5,5
11,34 y̅ = = 15,49 cm
14,35
31,73
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 29,843 + 1,2 . 29,84 . ( 15,49 - 5,5 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
3,01 (15,49- 5,5)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 . 3,012
29,84 = 5956,344 cm4
I netto 5956,344
9,99 W atas = = = 415,08 cm3
18,50 y atas 14,35
15,49
I netto 5956,344
W bawah = = = 384,52 cm3
5,50 y bawah 15,49

α = 14,931 θ2 = 43,004
sin α = 0,2575 sin θ2 = 0,6820
Cos α = 0,9662 cos θ2 = 0,7313
y - Gaya Normal ( N )
na
S2 1 Si N = S29 . cos θ2 + S21 . cos α
x S3
= 2806,715 . cos 43,004 + 931,981 . cos 14,931
sa
S2 1 co 2 9 cos O2 = 2953,031kg
S
O2 - Gaya Lintang ( D )
S2 D = S2 - S21 sin α - S3 - S29 sin θ1
O2
S2 9 sin = 16425,584 - 931,981 . sin 14,931 - 14385,428 -
S2 9
S21 2806,715 . sin 43,004
= - 114,009kg
- M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 2953,031 . ( 15,49 – 3,15 ) - 114,009 . ( 15,49 - 15,49 )
= 36440,402 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 2953,031
Akibat N → σ = = = 93,067kg/cm2
A netto 31,73
D −114,009
Akibat D → = τ = = - 3,593 kg/cm2
A netto 31,73
36440,402
Akibat M → 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = − = - 87,791kg/cm2
415,08
36440,402
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 94,768 kg/cm2
384,52
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = - 87,791 + 93,067 = 5,276 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 94,768+ 93,067 = 187,835kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √187,8352 + 3 . (5,276)2
= 188,057<σ
47
d. Titik Buhul E’
. 12 1 ,7 48
. 110 1235
110
. 12
. 110 14
110 0
.1
,4 28 40
1 4385 75 . 75 . 7 .1
7
32
40
1869,962 ,2 3
7
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas y
a
Digunakan Baut ∅ 20 mm S22 Sin
Digunakan Pelat Buhul 12 mm x S4
1 s a
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,0 S222 c.o( 0,6 .s 2400
O3 ) = 4521,6 kg
4 S30 co
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg O3
̅ tp
N S3 = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
0 si
n O3
S3
S30
Tinjau Batang Atas S22
7192,714
n = = 0,795 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
7192,714
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
3240,237
n = = 0,995 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
48
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 1869,962 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
1869,962
n = = 1,292 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
S4
110 . 110 . 12 1 ,7 4 8
1235
2 O 20
2 O 12
S3 8 140 . 140 . 17
5 ,4 2
1438
2 O 8
12 mm
75 . 75 . 7
S3
32 0
40
,2 3
7
S22 = 1869,962
Jarak Baut :
batang atas : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 1,3 . 1,2 ) = 4,08 cm2
A netto = ( 30,51 . 1,2 - 4,08 ) = 32,53 cm2
49
y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 30,51 . 15,25 − 1,3 . 1,2 . 17,97 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 5,5
y̅ = = 15,87 cm
32,53
12,54
14,64 I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 30,513 + 1,2 . 30,51 . ( 15,87 - 5,5 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
(15,87 - 5,5)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 . 2,102
2,10 = 6495,089 cm4
30,51 I netto 6495,089
W atas = = = 443,654 cm3
y atas 14,64
10,37 I netto 6495,089
17,97 W bawah = = = 409,268cm3
15,87 y bawah 15,87
5,50
. 12 1 ,7 48
. 110 1235
110
. 12
. 110 14
110 0
Gaya – gaya yang bekerja pada
.1
4 0 potongan a - a
3 8 5 ,4 28 75 . 75 . 7
14 α = 14,931 .1
7 θ3 = 53,591
sin α = 0,2575 sin θ3 = 0,8048
32
Cos α = 0,9662 40 cos θ3 = 0,5935
1869,962 ,2 3
7
- Gaya Normal ( N )
y N = S30 . cos θ2 + S22 . cos α
a = 3240,237 . cos 53,591+ 1869,962 . cos 14,931
S22 Sin
x S4 = 3729,838kg
sa
S22 co 30 cos O3 - Gaya Lintang ( D )
S
O3 D = S3 - S22 sin α - S4 - S30 sin θ1
= 14385,428 - 1869,962 . sin 14,931 - 12351,748 -
S3
3240,237 . sin 53,591
S30 sin
O3 = -1055,578 kg
S30 - M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
S22
= 3729,838 . ( 15,87 – 3,15 ) -1055,578 . ( 15,87 - 15,87 )
= 47443,539 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 3729,838
Akibat N → σ = = 114,658kg/cm2 =
32,53 A netto
− 1055,578 D
Akibat D → τ = = = - 32,449kg/cm2
A netto 32,53
47443,539
Akibat M → 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = − = - 106,938 kg/cm2
443,654
47443,539
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 115,923 kg/cm2
409,268
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = - 106,938 + 114,658 = 7,720kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 115,923+ 114,658 = 230,581 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √230,5812 + 3 . (−32,449)2
= 237,332<σ
50
e. Titik Buhul F’
2 7 ,3 8 7
0 .1 1 03 1
11 0 . 11
2
.1 10 . 1
1 10
1 ,7 4 8
1 23 5 75 . 75 . 7
2804,994
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

Baut bekerja 2 irisan N ̅ = 9043,2kg
6175,874
n = = 0,683 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
Baut bekerja 1 irisan N ̅ = 4521,6 kg
6175,874
2 . 4521,6
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 2804,994 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
2804,994
n = = 1,939 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
51
S5
110 . 110 . 12 7 ,3 8 7
1031
2 O 20
S4 8
1 ,7 4
1235 2 O 8
12 mm
75 . 75 . 7
S23 = 2804,994
Jarak Baut :
batang atas : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 1,3 . 1,2 ) = 4,08 cm2
A netto = ( 22,98 . 1,2 - 4,08 ) = 22,78 cm2

y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 22,78 . 11,39 − 0.9 . 1,2 . 14,29 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 5,5
8,69 y̅ = = 12,38 cm
10,60 22,78
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 22,783 + 1,2 . 22,78 . ( 12,38 - 5,5 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
1,91 (12,38- 5,5)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 . 1,912
22,98
= 2347,576 cm4
6,88
I netto 2347,576
14,29
12,38 W atas = = = 221,469 cm3
y atas 10,60
I netto 2347,576
5,50 W bawah = = = 189,626 cm3
y bawah 12,38
52
α = 14,931
sin α = 0,2575
Cos α = 0,9662
y
na - Gaya Normal ( N )
S2 3 Si
N = 0,00 kg
x S5
sa - Gaya Lintang ( D )
S2 3 co
D = S4 - S5
= 12351,748 - 10317,387
S4 = 2034,361 kg
- M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 0,00 . ( 12,38 – 3,15 ) +2034,361 . ( 12,38 - 12,38 )
S23
= 0,00 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 0,00
Akibat N → σ = = = 0,000 kg/cm2
A netto 22,78
D 2034,361
Akibat D → τ = = = 89,305 kg/cm2
A netto 22,78
0,00
Akibat M → 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = − = 0,000 kg/cm2
221,469
0,00
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = +
= 0,000kg/cm2
189,626
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 0,000+ 0,000 = 0,000 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 0,000 + 0,000 = 0,000 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √0,0002 + 3 . (89,305)2
= 154,681<σ
53
f. Titik Buhul G
. 12 110
. 110
. 110 . 12
110
14
17
1031
7 ,3 8 7
0.
7 ,3 8 7
0.
1031
14
14
0.
0.
17
14
45
4
,24
04
04
,24
45
4
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Atas
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

5158,693
n = = 0,570 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
5158,693
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
4504,244
n = = 1,168 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
54
2 O 20 2 O 20
110 . 110 . 12 110 . 110 . 12
S6
S5 7 2 O 12 2 O 12 1031
7 ,3 8 7
1031 ,3 8 7
140 . 140 . 17 140 . 140 . 17

12 mm
S32 0 4 ,
4
45
,2 4
04
S31
24
45
4
Jarak Baut :
batang atas : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
≤ s ≤ 5 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + ( 1,3 . 1,2 ) = 4,08 cm2
A netto = ( 35,47 . 1,2 - 4,08 ) = 38,48 cm2

y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 35,47 . 17,735 − 1,3 . 1,2 . 22,07 − 2,1 . 1,2 . 7,49
y̅ = = 18,23 cm
38,48
13,40
17,24 I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 35,473 + 1,2 . 35,47. ( 18,23 - 7,49)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
(18,23- 7,49)2 - 2,1 . 1,2 . 3,842
3,84
= 9044,375 cm4
I netto 9044,375
35,47 W atas = = = 524,616 cm3
y atas 17,24
I netto 9044,375
10,74
W bawah = = = 496,126 cm3
22,07 y bawah 18,23
18,23
7,49
55
α = 14,931 θ4 = 38,199
sin α = 0,2575 sin θ4 = 0,6184
Cos α = 0,9662 cos θ4 = 0,7859
- Gaya Normal ( N )
y N = S31 . cos θ4 - S32 . cos θ4 + S5 . cos α - S6 . cos α
= 4504,244 . cos 38,199 - 4504,244 . cos 38,3199 +
S5 sin a S6 sin a x
10317,387. cos 14,931 - 10317,387 . cos 14,931
O4 O4
S5 cos a S6 cos a = 0,000 kg
S5 S6
S31 sin O4 - Gaya Lintang ( D )
S32 sin O4 D = S31 . sin θ4 - S32 . sin θ4 + S5 . sin α - S6 . sin α
S31 cos O4 S32 cos O4 = 4504,244 . sin 38,199 - 4504,244 . sin 38,3199 +
10317,387 . sin14,931 - 10317,387 . sin14,931
S32
S31
= 0,000 kg
M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 0,000 . ( 18,23 – 3,15 ) - 0,000 . ( 18,23 - 18,23 )
= 0,000 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 0,000
Akibat N → σ = = = 0,000kg/cm2
A netto 38,48
D 0,000
Akibat D → τ = = = 0,000 kg/cm2
A netto 38,48
0,000
524,616
0,000
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 0,000 kg/cm2
496,126
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 0,000 + 0,000 = 0,000 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 0,000 + 0,000 = 0,000kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √0,0002 + 3 . (0,000)2
= 0,000<σ
56
g. Titik Buhul F
4
2804,994
,2 4
32
04
40
45
,2 3
7 75 . 75 . 7
17
14
0.
0.
14
14
0
0.
.1
14
7
13892,081 11928,975
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Bawah Kanan
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

5964,487
n = = 0,660 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
5964,487
2 . 4521,6
Batang Bawah Kiri

1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

6946,040
n = = 0,768 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
6946,040
2 . 4521,6
57
Batang Diagonal Kanan
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
4504,244
n = = 1,168 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
Batang Diagonal Kiri

1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
3240,237
n = = 0,995 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 2804,994 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
2804,994
n = = 1,939 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
58
4
,2 4
04
S31
45
32
40
,2 3 S30 S23 = 2804,994
7
75 . 75 . 7
12 mm 140 . 140 . 17
140 . 140 . 17 2 O 8
2 O 12 2 O 12
S14 S15
13892,081 11928,975
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
2 O 20 2 O 20
Jarak Baut :
batang bawah : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
kanan 5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
batang bawah : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
kiri 5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
kanan 3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
kiri 3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm

2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + 2 ( 0,9 . 1,2 ) = 4,68 cm2
A netto = ( 16,86 . 1,2 - 4,68 ) = 15,55 cm2
59
2,40
y̅ = Sx / A netto
1,2 . 16,86 .8,43−0,9 . 1,2 . ( 14,46+8,46 )−2,1 . 1,2 . 2,75
7,93 y̅ = = 8,93 cm
15,55
6,00 5,53
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 16,863 + 1,2 . 16,86 . ( 8,93 - 2,75 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
,47
16,86 (8,93 - 2,75)2 - 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 5,53 + 0,47 )2
5,71 = 1116,845 cm4
8,46 8,93 I netto 1116,845
W atas = = = 140,838 cm3
2,75
y atas 7,93
I netto 1116,845
W bawah = = = 125,067 cm3
y bawah 8,93

α = 14,931 ɤ4 = 53,13 ɤ3 = 38,66
sin α = 0,2575 sinɤ4 = 0,8000 sin ɤ3 = 0,6247
Cos α = 0,9662 cos ɤ4 = 0,6000 cos ɤ3 = 0,7809
- Gaya Normal ( N )
S23
N = S30 . cos ɤ3– S14 + S15 - S31 . cos ɤ4
y = 3240,237 . cos 38,66 - 13892,081 + 11928,975 -
S31
S30
4504,244 . cos 53,13
S30 sin 38,660 S31 sin 53,13 = - 2135,466 kg
D= S23 - S31 . sin ɤ4 - S30 . sin ɤ3
S14
x = 2804,994–4504,244 . sin 53,13 – 3240,237 . sin 38,66
S30 cos 38,660 S31 cos 53,13 S15 = -2822,577 kg
- M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= - 2135,466. ( 8,93 – 3,15 ) - 2822,577. ( 8,53 - 8,93 )
= - 12342,993kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N − 2135,466
Akibat N → σ = = = - 137,329 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
D − 2822,577
Akibat D → τ = = = - 181,516 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
− 12342,993
140,838
−12342,993
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = - 98,691kg/cm2
125,067
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 87,640+ (- 137,329) = - 49,689kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = - 98,691+ (- 137,329) = - 236,020 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √(−236,020)2 + 3 . (−181,516)2
= 393,128<σ
60
h. Titik Buhul E
1869,962
28
06
,7 1
5 14 75 . 75 . 7
0.
14
0.
17
15857,006 13892,081
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Bawah
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

7928,503
n = = 0,877 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
7928,503
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
2806,715
n = = 0,862 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
61
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 1869,962 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
1869,962
n = = 1,293 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
S22 = 1869,962
28 S29
06
,9 6
2
140 . 140 . 17
75 . 75 . 7
12 mm
2 O 8
2 O 12
S13 S14
15857,006 13892,081
55 . 55 . 8
2 O 20
Jarak Baut :
batang bawah : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + 2 ( 0,9 . 1,2 ) = 4,68 cm2
A netto = ( 16,86 . 1,2 - 4,68 ) = 15,55 cm2
62
y̅ = Sx / A netto
2,40
1,2 . 16,86 .8,43−0,9 . 1,2 . ( 14,46+8,46 )−2,1 . 1,2 . 2,75
y̅ = = 8,93 cm
7,93 15,55
6,00 5,53 I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 16,863 + 1,2 . 16,86 . ( 8,93 - 2,75 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
(8,93 - 2,75)2 - 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 5,53 + 0,47 )2
16,86
,47 = 1116,845 cm4
5,71 I netto 1116,845
8,46 8,93 W atas = = = 140,838 cm3
y atas 7,93
I netto 1116,845
2,75 W bawah = = = 125,067 cm3
y bawah 8,93

α = 14,931 ɤ2 = 28,072
sin α = 0,2575 sin ɤ2 = 0,4706
Cos α = 0,9662 cos ɤ2 = 0,8824
- Gaya Normal ( N )
S22
N = S29 . cos ɤ2 – S13 + S14
y = 2806,715 . cos 28,072 - 15857,006 + 13892,081
S29 = 511,599 kg
S29 sin 28,072
D = S22 - S29 . sin ɤ2
x = 1869,962–2806,715 . sin 28,072
S13 S14 = 549,122kg
S29 cos 28,072
- M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 511,599 . ( 8,93 – 3,15 ) + 549,122 . ( 8,93 - 8,93 )
= 2957,042 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 511,599
Akibat N → σ = = = 32,900kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
D 549,122
Akibat D → =
τ = = 35,313 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
2957,042
140,838
2957,042
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 23,644 kg/cm2
125,067
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = - 20,996 + 32,900= 11,904 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 23,644 + 32,900 = 56,544kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √(56,544)2 + 3 . (35,313)2
= 83,296<σ
63
i. Titik Buhul D
934,981
75 . 75 . 7
2440
,5 31 140
. 140
. 17
17821,931 15857,006
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Bawah
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

8910,965
n = = 0,985 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
8910,965
2 . 4521,6
Batang Diagonal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 1,22 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 1627,776 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 3255,552 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 1,3 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 7488 kg

̅ = 3255,552 kg
2440,531
n = = 0,750 ; pakai 2 baut
3255,552
64
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 934,981 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
934,981
n = = 0,646 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
S21 = 934,981
S28 75 . 75 . 7
2440 140 . 140 . 17
,5 3 1 12 mm
2 O 8
2 O 12
S12 S13
17821,931 15857,006
55 . 55 . 8
2 O 20
Jarak Baut :
batang bawah : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
3,00 ≤ s ≤ 8,40
ambil s = 8 cm
1,2 . ( 1,2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 1,2 )
1,44 ≤ u ≤ 3,60
ambil s1 = 3,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + 2 ( 0,9 . 1,2 ) = 4,68 cm2
A netto = ( 16,86 . 1,2 - 4,68 ) = 15,55 cm2
65
y̅ = Sx / A netto
2,40
1,2 . 16,86 .8,43−0,9 . 1,2 . ( 14,46+8,46 )−2,1 . 1,2 . 2,75
y̅ = = 8,93 cm
7,93 15,55
6,00 5,53 I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 16,863 + 1,2 . 16,86 . ( 8,93 - 2,75 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
16,86
(8,93 - 2,75)2 - 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 5,53 + 0,47 )2
,47
= 1116,845 cm4
5,71 I netto 1116,845
8,46 8,93 W atas = = = 140,838 cm3
y atas 7,93
I netto 1116,845
2,75 W bawah = = = 125,067 cm3
y bawah 8,93

α = 14,931 ɤ1 = 14,931
sin α = 0,2575 sin ɤ1 = 0,2575
Cos α = 0,9662 cos ɤ1 = 0,9662
- Gaya Normal ( N )
S21
N = S28 . cos ɤ1 – S12 + S13
y = 2440,531 . cos 14,931- 17821,931 + 15857,006
= 393,116 kg
D = S21 - S28 . sin ɤ1
S28
S28 sin 14,931 = 934,981 – 2440,531 . sin 14,931
x = 306,544 kg
S12 - M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
S28 cos 14,931
= 393,116 . ( 8,93 – 3,15 ) + 306,544 . ( 8,93 - 8,93 )
= 2272,210 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 393,116
Akibat N → σ = = = 25,281 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
D 306,544
Akibat D → τ = = = 19,713 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
2272,210
140,838
2272,210
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 18,168kg/cm2
125,067
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = - 16,133 + 25,281 = 9,148 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 18,168 + 25,281 = 43,449 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √43,4492 + 3 . (19,713)2
= 55,260<σ
66
j. Titik Buhul C
0,00
75 . 75 . 7
17821,931 17821,931
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
Daya Pikul Baut :
Batang Bawah
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 2,02 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 4521,6 kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 9043,2 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 2,1. 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 12096 kg
Tinjau Batang Atas

8910,965
n = = 0,985 ; pakai 2 baut
9043,2
8910,965
2 . 4521,6
Batang Vertikal
1
̅ g 1 irisan
N = . 3,14 . 0,82 . ( 0,6 . 2400 ) = 723,456kg
4
̅ g 2 irisan
N = 1446,912 kg
̅ tp
N = d . s . σ
̅tp
= 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 1,5 . 3200 ) = 5184 kg
P = 0,00 kg
̅ = 1446,912 kg
0,00
n = = 0,000 ; pakai 2 baut
1446,912
67
S20 = 0
75 . 75 . 7
12 mm
2 O 8
S11 S12
17821,931 17821,931
55 . 55 . 8 55 . 55 . 8
2 O 20
Jarak Baut :
batang bawah : 2,5 . ( 2 ) ≤ s ≤ 7 . (2)
5 ≤ s ≤ 14
ambil s = 12 cm
1,2 . ( 2) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 2)
2,4 ≤ u ≤ 6
ambil s1 = 5,5 cm
2,00 ≤ s ≤ 5,60
ambil s = 6 cm
1,2 . ( 0,8) ≤ u ≤ 3 . ( 0,8 )
0,96 ≤ u ≤ 2,40
ambil s1 = 2,4 cm

Potongan a - a
Tebal pelat = 12 mm
Luas lubang = ( 2,1 . 1,2 ) + 2 ( 0,9 . 1,2 ) = 4,68 cm2
A netto = ( 16,86 . 1,2 - 4,68 ) = 15,55 cm2
y̅ = Sx / A netto
2,40
1,2 . 16,86 .8,43−0,9 . 1,2 . ( 14,46+8,46 )−2,1 . 1,2 . 2,75
y̅ = = 8,93 cm
7,93 15,55
6,00 5,53
I netto = 1/12 . 1,2 . 16,863 + 1,2 . 16,86 . ( 8,93 - 2,75 )2 - 2,1 . 1,2 .
16,86 (8,93 - 2,75)2 - 0,9 . 1,2 . ( 5,53 + 0,47 )2
,47
= 1116,845 cm4
5,71 I netto 1116,845
8,46 8,93 W atas = = = 140,838 cm3
y atas 7,93
2,75 I netto 1116,845
W bawah = = = 125,067 cm3
y bawah 8,93
68
S20 - Gaya Normal ( N )

N = 0,00
D = S11 + S12
= - 17821,931 + 17821,931
= 0,00 kg
S11 S12 - M = N . ( y̅ - e ) + D . (y̅ - e )
= 0,00 . ( 8,93 – 3,15 ) + 0,00 . ( 8,93 - 8,93 )
= 0,00 kg cm
Cheak tegangan
N 0,00
Akibat N → σ = = = 0,00 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
D 0,00
Akibat D → τ = = = - 0,00 kg/cm2
A netto 15,55
0,00
140,838
0,00
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = + = 0,00 kg/cm2
125,067
Tegangan total : 𝜎 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑠 = 0,00 + 0,00 = 0,00 kg/cm2
𝜎 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 0,00 + 0,00 = 0,00 kg/cm2
σi = √𝜎 2 + 3 𝜏 2
= √0,002 + 3 . 0,002
= 0,000<σ
69
PERHITUNGAN BERAT PELAT BUHUL
Buhul A
2,83 2,83
19,32 25,00 56,80
2 O 20
12 mm 10,63
15,15 A8
2 O 20 A7 9,49
6,67
A5
5,15 A6 6,93
A1 A4
11,38 A3 15,15
2 O 20
3,85 A2
2 O 20
19,32 25,00 56,80
2,83 5,37
Luas Buhul A
A1 = ( 2,83 x 11,38 ) / 2 =16,10 cm2
A2 = ( 19,32 x 3,85 ) / 2 = 37,19 cm2
A3 = 19,32 x ( 11,38 + 16,53 ) / 2 =269,61 cm2
A4 = 25,00 x ( 20,38 + 27,05 ) / 2 =592,87 cm2
A5 = 56,80 x 27,05 =1536,44 cm2
A6 = 5,37 x 6,93 =37,21 cm2
A7 = 5,37 x 9,49 =50,96 cm2
A8 = ( 2,83 x 10,63 ) / 2 =15,04 cm2 +
A Total =2555,42cm2
Berat Buhul A = A Tot . δ . Bj

=2555,42 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=23,919 kg
Buhul C’
10,32 11,90 22,42
2 O 20
3,17
2,75 A2
13,14
A1 A6 A7
10,63
A3
A5 13,53
10,80
A4 ,69
2 O 8 12 mm 2 O 12
7,49 30,71
2,83 3,61
Luas Buhul C’
A1 = ( 2,83 x 10,63 ) / 2 =15,04 cm2
A2 = ( 10,32 x 2,75 ) / 2 =14,19 cm2
A3 = 7,49 x 21,43 =160,51 cm2
A4 = ( 30,71x0,69 ) / 2 =10,59 cm2
A5 = 13,53 x ( 30,71 + 34,32 ) / 2 =439,93 cm2
A6 = 11,90 x ( 9,97 + 13,14 ) / 2 =137,50 cm2
A7 = 22,42 x 13,14 =294,60 cm2 +
A Total =1072,36 cm2
Berat Buhul C’ = A Tot . δ . Bj

=1072,36 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=10,04 kg
70
Buhul D’
10,32 11,90 14,28
2 O 20
3,17
2,75 A2
A1 18,17
10,63 A5 A6
A3
10,80 A4 A7 9,19
3,16 A8 3,16
2 O 8 12 mm 2 O 12
7,49 19,59 6,59
2,83
Luas Buhul D’
A1 = ( 2,83 x 10,63 ) / 2 =15,04 cm2
A2 = ( 10,32 x 2,75 ) / 2 =14,19 cm2
A3 = 7,49 x 21,43 =160,51 cm2
A4 = 19,59 x 9,19 =180,03 cm2
A5 = 11,90 x ( 15,00 + 18,17 ) / 2 =197,36 cm2
A6 = ( 14,28x18,17 ) / 2 =129,73 cm2
A7 = ( 6,59 x 12,35 ) / 2 =40,69 cm2
A8 = ( 19,59 x 3,16 ) / 2 =30,95 cm2 +
A Total =768,5 cm2
Berat Buhul D’ = A Tot . δ . Bj

=768,5 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=7,193 kg
Buhul E’
10,32 11,90 9,42
2 O 20
3,17
2,75 A2
A1
10,63 21,47
A4 A5
A3
10,80
A6 A8 5,89
4,92 A7 4,92
2 O 8 12 mm 2 O 12
7,49 12,67 8,75
2,83
Luas Buhul E’
A1 = ( 2,83 x 10,63 ) / 2 = 15,04 cm2
A2 = ( 10,32 x 2,75 ) / 2 = 14,19 cm2
A3 = 7,49 x 21,43 = 160,51 cm2
A4 = 12,67 x ( 18,30 + 21,47 ) / 2 =251,94 cm2
A5 = ( 8,75x21,47 ) / 2 =93,93 cm2
A6 = 12,67 x 5,89 =74,62 cm2
A7 = ( 12,67 x 4,92 ) / 2 =31,17 cm2
A8 = ( 8,75 x 10,81 ) / 2 =47,29 cm2 +
A Total =688,69cm2
Berat Buhul E’ = A Tot . δ . Bj

=688,69 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=6,446 kg
71
Buhul F’
16,36 16,36
2 O 20
4,36
4,36 A2
A1 A6
10,63 28,52
A3 A5
A4
9,17
2 O 8 12 mm
6,12 7,49 16,28
2,83
Luas Buhul F’
A1 = ( 2,83 x 10,63 ) / 2 = 15,04 cm2
A2 = ( 16,36 x 4,36 ) / 2 =35,66 cm2
A3 = 6,13 x 10,63 =65,16 cm2
A4 = ( 6,13x9,17 ) / 2 =28,11 cm2
A5 = 7,49x19,80 =148,30 cm2
A6 = ( 16,28 x 28,52 ) / 2 =232,15 cm2 +
A Total =524,42 cm2
Berat Buhul F’ = A Tot . δ . Bj

=524,42 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=4,909 kg
Buhul G
25,06 25,06
2 O 20 2 O 20
6,68 A1 A2 6,68
A3 A6
20,39 20,39
A5
8,40 A4 A7 8,40
2 O 12 12 mm 2 O 12
11,20 23,25 11,20
2,23 2,23
Luas Buhul G
A1 = (25,06 x 6,68 ) / 2 =83,70 cm2
A2 = (25,06 x 6,68 ) / 2 = 83,70 cm2
A3 = 20,39 x ( 11,20 + 13,43 ) / 2 =251,10 cm2
A4 = ( 11,20x8,40 ) / 2 =47,04 cm2
A5 = 23,25x 28,79 =669,37 cm2
A6 = 20,39 x ( 11,20 + 13,43 ) / 2 = 251,10 cm2
A7 = ( 11,20x8,40) / 2 =47,04 cm2 +
Berat Buhul G = A Tot . δ . Bj

=1433,05 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=13,413 kg
72
Buhul F
8,75 17,55 7,49 9,81 11,20
2 O 12 2 O 8 12 mm 2 O 12
8,94 A10 8,40

A3 A9
1,99
A1 A4 ,64
A2 A6 A7 A8
14,87 A5 16,86
2 O 20 2 O 20
8,05 18,25 7,49 9,81 10,95
,25
Luas BuhulF
A1 = (8,75 x 10,93 ) / 2 =47,82 cm2
A2 = (8,05 x 14,87 ) / 2 =59,85 cm2
A3 = ( 17,55x8,94 ) / 2 = 78,45 cm2
A4 = 17,55 x 1,99 =34,92 cm2
A5 = 18,25 x 14,87 =271,38 cm2
A6 = 7,49 x 16,86 =126,28 cm2
A7 = 9,81 x 16,86 =165,40 cm2
A8 = 16,86 x ( 10,95 +11,20) / 2 =186,72 cm2
A9 = ( 9,81 x 9,04 ) / 2 =44,34 cm2
A10 = ( 11,20x8,40 ) / 2 = 47,04 cm2 +
A Total =1062,2 cm2
Berat Buhul F = A Tot . δ . Bj

=1062,2 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=9,942 kg
Buhul E
6,59 12,89 15,51 7,49
2 O 12 12 mm 2 O 8
8,05 A2 8,05
4,30 A1 A3
A4 A5 16,86
12,56
2 O 20
19,48 23,00
Luas Buhul E
A1 = (6,59 x 12,35 ) / 2 =40,69 cm2
A2 = (28,40 x 8,05 ) / 2 =114,31 cm2
A3 = 12,89 x 4,30 =55,43 cm2
A4 = ( 19,48x12,56 ) / 2 =122,33 cm2
A5 = 23,00 x 16,86 =387,78 cm2 +
A Total =720,54 cm2
Berat Buhul E = A Tot . δ . Bj

=720,54 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=6,744 kg
73
Buhul D
3,61
55,88 7,49
2 O 12 12 mm 2 O 8
6,03 A2 6,03
7,50 A1 A3
3,86 A4 A5 A7 16,86
5,50 A6
2 O 20
10,89 29,49 23,00
3,61
Luas Buhul D
A1 = ( 3,61 x 13,53 ) / 2 =24,42cm2
A2 = ( 55,88 x 6,03 ) / 2 =168,48 cm2
A3 = 40,38 x 7,50 =302,85 cm2
A4 = ( 14,50 x 3,86 ) / 2 =27,98 cm2
A5 = 29,49 x 3,86 =113,83 cm2
A6 = ( 29,49 x 5,50 ) / 2 =81,10 cm2
A7 = 23,00 x 16,86 =387,78 cm2 +
Berat Buhul D = A Tot . δ . Bj

=1106,44 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=10,356 kg
Buhul C
6,50 7,49 9,01

12 mm 2 O 8
11,36 A2 11,36
A1 A3
5,50 A4 5,50
2 O 20
23,00
Luas Buhul C
A1 = (6,50 x 11,36 ) / 2 =36,92 cm2
A2 = 7,49 x 11,36 =85,09 cm2
A3 = (9,01 x 11,36 ) / 2 =51,18 cm2
A4 = 23,00 x 5,50 =126,5cm2 +
A Total =299,69 cm2
Berat Buhul C = A Tot . δ . Bj

=299,69 . 1,2 . 0,0078
=2,805 kg
74
BERAT TOTAL PELAT BUHUL
1. Buhul A dan B = 2 . 23,919 =47,838 kg
2. Buhul C’ dan K’ = 2 10,040 =20,080 kg
3. Buhul D’ dan J’ = 2 . 7,193 =14,386 kg
4. Buhul E’ dan I’ = 2 . 6,446 =12,892 kg
5. Buhul F’ dan H’ = 2 . 4,909 =9,818 kg
6. Buhul G = 13,413 =13,413 kg
7. Buhul C dan K = 2 . 2,805 =5,610 kg
8. Buhul D dan J = 2 . 10,356 =20,712 kg
9. Buhul E dan I = 2 . 6,744 =13,488 kg
10. Buhul F dan H = 2 . 9,942 =19,884 kg +
Total Pelat Buhul = 178,121 kg
BERAT PELAT KOPEL

Batang Atas → δ = 1,2 cm
∅ lubang = 4 ∅2,1 cm
Luas Pelat = 23,20 . 14,00 cm = 324,8 cm2
Volume Netto = {( 0,14 . 0,232 . 0,012 ) - ( 4 . ¼ . 3,14 . 0,0212 . 0,012 )} . 70
= 0,02612 cm3
Berat Netto = 0,02612 . 7800 = 203,736 kg
Batang Diagonal → δ = 1,7 cm
∅ lubang = 4 ∅ 1,3 cm
Luas Pelat = 29,70 . 7,00 cm = 441,6 cm2
Volume Netto = { ( 0,07 . 0,297 . 0,017 ) - ( 4 . ¼ . 3,14 . 0,0132 . 0,017 ) } . 80
= 0,02755 cm3
Berat Netto = 0,02755 . 7800 = 214,890 kg
Berat netto total pelat kopel = 203,736 + 214,890 = 418,626 kg
Berat yang hilang akibat pelat buhul dan pelat kopel pada profil
1. Lubang akibat pelat buhul
 Jumlah lubang baut
a. Pelat buhul atas → 50 ∅ 2,1
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 50 = 3,14 . 1,052 . 1,2 . 50 = 207,711 cm3
b. Pelat buhul bawah → 36 ∅ 2,1
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 36 = 3,14 . 1,052 . 1,2 . 36 = 149,552 cm3
c. Pelat buhul diagonal → 32 ∅ 1,3
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 32 = 3,14 . 0.652 . 1,2 . 32 = 50,943 cm3
d. Pelat buhul vertikal → 32 ∅ 0,9
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 32 = 3,14 . 0.452 . 1,2 . 32 = 24,417 cm3 +
Total volume lubang baut = 432,623 cm3
Berat Lubang = 432,623 . Bj = 432,623 . 7,8 gr/cm3 = 3374,459 gr = 3,374 kg
2. Lubang akibat pelat kopel

 Jumlah lubang baut
a. Pelat kopel → 300 ∅ 1,2
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 300 = 3,14 . 0.62 . 1,2 . 300= 406,944 cm3
b. Pelat buhul bawah → 300 ∅ 1,7
V lubang seluruh = Л . r2 . t . 300 = 3,14 . 0.852 . 1,7 . 300= 1157,011cm3 +
Total volume lubang baut = 1563,955 cm3
Berat Lubang = 1563,955 . Bj = 1563,955 . 7,8 gr/cm3 = 12198,849 gr = 12,199 kg
Maka total berat yang hilang akibat pelat buhul dan pelat kopel adalah :
( 3,374 + 12,199 ) = 15,573 kg
75
PERHITUNGAN BERAT PROFIL
NO. PANJANG BERAT TOTAL
JENIS PROFIL (m) BERAT (kg) KETERANGAN
BATANG BATANG (kg)
1 4,036
2 4,036
3 4,036
4 4,036
5 4,036 2 . 19,7 = 39,4 . 40,360 =
110 . 110 . 12 Batang Atas
6 4,036 39,4 kg/m 1590,184 kg
7 4,036
8 4,036
9 4,036
10 4,036
Jumlah 40,360
11 3,900
12 3,900
13 3,900
14 3,900
15 7,800 2 . 6,46 = 12,92 . 39,000 =
55 . 55 . 8 Batang Bawah
12,92 kg/m 503,880 kg
16 3,900
17 3,900
18 3,900
19 3,900
Jumlah 39,000
20 1,040
21 2,080
22 3,120
23 4,160 2 . 7,94 = 15,88 . 20,800 =
75 . 75 . 7 Batang Vertikal
24 4,160 15,88 kg/m 330,304 kg
25 3,120
26 2,080
27 1,040
Jumlah 20,800
28 4,036
29 4,420
30 4,994
31 5,702 2 . 35,3= 70,6 . 38,304 =
140 . 140 . 17 Batang Diagonal
32 5,702 70,6 kg/m 2704,262 kg
33 4,994
34 4,420
35 4,036
Jumlah 38,304
Berat Total Profil 5128,630 kg
Berat netto = Berat total profil - Berat lubang akibat buhul dan kopel
= 5128,630 - 15,573kg
= 5113,057 kg
76
PERHITUNGAN BERAT BAUT
d
1. Baut Type A ∅2,0 cm
ℓ1 = Panjang uliran yang berguna ℓ1
p1 = Ukuran tebal minimum yang dapat disambung
d = Garis tengah luar uliran r
p1
c = Ukuran sudut menyudut dari persegi enam

k
k = Tinggi kepala
r = Jari-jari ujung baut
ℓ1 = 3,2 d = 2,223 k = 1,6 b
p1 = 3,3 c = 4,16 r = 0,3

Isi kepal baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 4,16 . 1,6
2 =21,736 cm3
Isi mur baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14. 4,162 . 1,6 =21,736 cm3

1 / 4 . 3,14 . 2,2232 . 1,6 = 6,207 cm3 -
= 15,529 cm3
Isi batang baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 2,2232 . ( 3,2 + 3,3 ) = 25,215 cm3

Isi baut : 21,736 + 15,529 + 25,215 =62,480 cm3
Berat 1 baut : 62,480 . 7,8 = 487,344 gr
2. Baut Type A ∅ 1,2 cm

ℓ1 = 2,0 d = 1,320 k = 0,9
p1 = 2,5 c = 2,54 r = 0,16
Isi kepal baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 2,542 . 0,9 = 4,558 cm3
Isi mur baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 2,542 . 0,9 = 4,558 cm3

1 / 4 . 3,14 . 1,322 . 0,9 = 1,231 cm3 -
= 3,327 cm3

Isi baut : 4,558 + 3,327 + 6,155 = 14,04 cm3
Berat 1 baut : 14,04 . 7,8 = 109,512 gr
3. Baut Type A ∅0,8 cm

ℓ1 = 1,4 d = 0,953 k = 0,7
p1 = 2,0 c = 1,96 r = 0,16
Isi kepal baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 1,962 . 0,7 = 2,111 cm3
Isi mur baut : 1 / 4 . 3,14 . 1,962 . 0,7 = 2,111 cm3

1 / 4 . 3,14 . 0,9532 . 0,7 = 0,499 cm3 -
= 1,612 cm3

Isi baut : 2,111 + 1,612 + 2,424 = 6,147 cm3
Berat 1 baut : 6,147 . 7,8 = 47,946 gr
77
Berat Baut Total :
a. Baut ∅ 1,4 =487,344. 86 buah = 41911,584 gr
b. Baut ∅ 1,2 = 109,512 . 32 buah = 3504,384 gr
c. Baut ∅ 0,8 = 47,946 . 32 buah = 1534,272 gr +
Berat total baut = 46950,24 gr
= 46,950 kg
Kontrol berat gading – gading kap

- Berat total pelat buhul = 178,121kg
- Barat total pelat kopel = 418,626kg
- Berat total profil = 5128,630kg
- Berat total baut = 46,950kg +
5772,327 kg
Tarikan semula gading – gading kap :

- Luas atap = 2 . ( 4,036 . 5 ) . 4,1 = 165,476 m2
Berat gading – gding kap = ( L + H ) . Luas atap . 1 kg/m3
= ( 39 + 5,2 ) . 165,476 . 1 kg/m3
= 7314,039 kg
KESIMPULAN :
- Berat sendiri gading – gading kap hasil perhitungan, lebih kecil dari hasil taksiran,
Sehingga cukup aman.
5772,327<7314,039 kg → Oke Aman . . . . .
78
PERHITUNGAN PANJANG ANGKER
Direncanakan akan dipasang 4 angker

RH max = 764,443 kg
𝑅𝐻 𝑚𝑎𝑥 764,443
P = = = 191,111 kg
4 4
P
τ̅ =1 → τ̅ = 0,58 . τ̅ = 0,58 . 2400 = 1392 kg/cm2
. Л . d2
4
P 191,111
d2 =1 = 1 = 0,175
. Л . τ̅ . 3,14 . 1392
4 4
d = √0,175 = 0,418 cm
pakai ∅ angker = 1 cm
Ry akibat angin yang maximum = 3069,244 kg

H . L 1 = H2 . 1 / 2 L 2
V
H . L1 = ( Л . d . L2 . τ̅ b ) 1 / 2 . L2
H
191,111 . L1 = ( 3,14 . 1 . L2 . 6 . 1 ) 1 / 2 . L2
L1
191,111 . L1 = 9,420 L2
L2 = 20,288√ L1
H L2 H
H = Л . d . L1 . τ̅ b → L1 =
Л . d . τ̅ b
191,111
=
3,14 . 1 . 6
= 10,144 cm
L2 = 20,288√ L1 = 20,288√10,144 = 64,591 cm
Akibat gaya vertikal :

Ry angin maximum = 3069,244 kg
Ry
τ̅ =
Л . d . L
Ry
L =
Л . d . τ̅ b
3069,244
L =
3,14 . 1 . 6
L = 162,911 cm
Maka panjang angker = L1 + L2 + t baut + kepala

L total = 10,144 + 64,591 + 1 + 1 = 76,735 cm
79
DIMENSI PERLETAKAN
Roll
d3 d3
d2
d1
S'
L b
Sendi d6 d6
S4
S
d4 d5
S5 S5 S5
h S4
S3
L b
Panjang Bantalan = Panjang Kursi Roll = L

Lebar Bantalan = b = lebar flens + 2 . 2,5 cm
L didimensi terhadap tegangan tekan beton (tumpuan)
Ambil mutu beton K175 → τ̅ b = 60 kg/cm2 → L = R’ / b’ . σ’ . b
Ambil bo = 10 cm → b = bo + 2 . 2,5 cm = 10 + 5 = 15 cm
b’ = b + 2 . 2,5 cm = 15 + 5 = 20 cm
10626,380
R total = RA max = 10626,380 kg → L = = 8,855 cm → Ambil L = 25 cm
20 . 60
Ukuran kursi roll / engsel = 20 x 25 cm
Taksir h = 10 cm → h / S2 = ( lihat tabel Muller Preslan )
h / S2 b / a . S3 w
3 4 0,8222 . a . h2 . S3
4 4,2 0,2251 . a . h2 . S3
5 4,6 0,2286 . a . h2 . S3
6 5 0,2315 . a . h2 . S3
Ambil h / S2 anara 3 s/d 5
S4 = h / 6
S5 = h / 9
a. Jari – jari Dinding Roll :

0,75 . 106 . R 0,75 . 106 . 10626,380
d1 = = = 5,515 ≈ 6 cm
b . bj2 20 . 85002
d2 = d1 + 5 cm = 6 + 5 = 11 cm
d2 = diameter 2,5 cm ( minimum )
b. Perhitungan Bantalan Kursi

1 3 . R . L 1 3 . 10626,380 . 25
S = √bo = √ = 2,88 ≈ 4 cm
2 . σtp 2 10 . 2400
1 3 . R . L 1 3 . 10626,380 . 25
S’ = √bo = √ = 2,04 ≈ 3 cm
2 . σtp 2 20 . 2400
80
c. Perhitungan Engsel dan Kursi
Tebal Bantalan = 4 cm → Ambil jumlah rusuk kursi = 3 buah dan h / S2 = 4 → a = 3
S2 = h / 4
= 10 / 4 = 2,5 cm
Dari tabel → h / S2 = 4 → w = 0,8222 . a . h2 . S3
M 1
w = → M = . R . L
σtp 8
1
= . 10626,380 . 25
8
= 33207,437 kg cm
σtp = 1,6 . 2400 = 3840 kg / cm2
33207,437
w =
3840
w = 8,6478
w = 0,8222 . a . h2 . S3
w
S3 =
0,8222 . a . h2
8,6478
S3 =
0,8222 . 3 . 102
S3 = 0,035 cm → Ambil S3 = 3 cm ( minimum)
S4 = h / 6 = 10 / 6 = 1,667 ≈ 2 cm
S5 = h / 9 = 10 / 6 = 1,111 ≈ 2 cm
d. Jari – jari Engsel

0,8 . R
r =
σ tp . b
0,8 . 10626,380
=
3840 . 15
= 0,148 cm
r = 1 / 2 d4 → d4 = 2 . r
= 2 . 0,148
= 0,296 cm → Ambil d4 = 7 cm ( minimum )
d5 = d4 + 5 = 7 + 5 = 12 cm
d6 = 1 / 4 . d4 = 1 / 4 . 7 = 1,8 cm
81

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Diketahui Konstruki Seperti Tergambar

Diketahui : - Panjang Bentang :39 meter

 λ = 39 / 10 = 3,9 meter tg α = h / 19,5 = 5,2 / 19,5 = 0,2667

 d1 = √𝑡12 + 𝜆2 = √( 1,040 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,036 meter

 d2 = √𝑡22 + 𝜆2 = √( 2,080 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,420 meter

 d3 = √𝑡32 + 𝜆2 = √( 3,120 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 4,994 meter

 d4 = √𝑡42 + 𝜆2 = √( 4,160 )2 + ( 3,9 )2 = 5,702 meter

Tabel Panjang Batang

I.2. Beban Hidup

Koefisien angin (c) = 0,02 . α - 0,4

W = qo . λ’ . c = 120 . 4,036 . 0,101

Catatan : Angin hisap tidak diperoleh

Cara Kerja Momen

G cos 14,931 Mx = G sin 14,931 . I

1. Akibat muatan tetap → G total = 70,36 kg/m’

2. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

Wx = 19,5 cm3> Wx perlu

2. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

qx = q total . sin α = 58,26 . sin 14,931 = 0,15011 kg/cm’

B. Akibat muatan tidak tetap

2. Beban angin ( w ) = 48,916 kg/m’

yang menetukan adalah : fx1 + fx3 = 1,572 cm’

 Muatan – muatan yang dipikul oleh gording

Potongan VII dan VIII

DAFTAR GAYA-GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BERAT SENDIRI

Desakan angin = 120 kg / m2

Kontrol : - Rwd . cos α + Rwi . cos α - RA - RB = 0s

1,95 3,90 3,90 3,90 3,90 3,90

f1 = 1/2 . ( 0,000 + 0,520 ) . 3,9 = 1,014 m2

Jarak Gading-gading kap = 4,1 m

4,036 4,036 4,036 4,036 4,036

Ambil profil ∟55 . 55 . 8

Perhitungan Jumlah Baut :

Gaya batang maximum diambil, yaitu

Gaya batang maximum diambil, yaitu

mendimensi batang Tekan

Diambil Profil ∟ 110 . 110 . 12

Tebal pelat buhul ( δ ) = 1,2 cm = 12 mm

2. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y )

Perhatikan tabel tekuk :

Tegangan Geser yang terjadi persatuan panjang = t

= 23,016 kg/cm ( e + ½ tebal pelat )2

Gaya geser yang dipiku Pelat Kopel = L

Ukuran Pelat Kopel :

Pindahkan L ketitik berat pola baut

Rumus Huber Hanky (berlaku karena ada perlemahan penampang)

Menentukan Jumlah Baut :

Gaya pikul baut :

S20 = 0,000 kg S24 = 2804,994kg

Gaya batang maximum diambil, yaitu

A lubang = 2 . d . t = 2 . 2,3 . 0,7 = 3,22 cm2

S28 = 2440,531kg S32 =4504,244kg

Gaya batang maximum diambil, yaitu

mendimensi batang Tekan

Diambil Profil ∟ 140 . 140 . 17

Tebal pelat buhul ( δ ) = 1,7 cm = 17 mm

2. Momen melentur terhadap sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y )

Perhatikan tabel tekuk :

Tegangan Geser yang terjadi persatuan panjang = t

Gaya geser yang dipiku Pelat Kopel = L

Ukuran Pelat Kopel :

Pindahkan L ketitik berat pola baut

Rumus Huber Hanky (berlaku karena ada perlemahan penampang)