25.

- 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 + (3𝑦 2 𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0
Demostrando que son homogéneos:

𝑓(𝑓𝑥; 𝑓𝑦) = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑓(𝑥; 𝑦)

𝑓(𝑡𝑥 + 𝑡𝑦) = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑓(𝑥; 𝑦)

𝑦 3 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑦 + (3𝑡 3 𝑦 2 𝑥 + 2𝑡 3 𝑥 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑦 3 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑡 3 (3𝑦 2 𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0

Sustituyendo:

𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢

𝑢3 𝑥 3 (𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) + (3𝑢2 𝑥 2 𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑢3 𝑥 3 (𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) + 𝑥 3 (3𝑢2 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑢3 (𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) + (3𝑢2 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑑𝑥 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
+ =0
𝑥 𝑢4 +3𝑢2 +2

𝑑𝑥 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑥
+ ∫ 𝑢4 +3𝑢2 +2 = 0

𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
ln| 𝑥| + ∫ 𝑢4 +3𝑢2 +2 = 0

𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑢4 +3𝑢2 +2

Integración por sustitución:

𝑎 = 𝑢2
𝑑𝑎 = 2𝑢𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑎
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥
1 𝑎
= 2 ∫ (𝑎2 +3𝑎+2) 𝑑𝑎
𝑎 2 1
𝑎 2 +3𝑎+2
= 𝑎+2 − 𝑎+1
1 2 1
= (∫ 𝑑𝑎 − ∫ 𝑑𝑎)
2 𝑎+2 𝑎+1
 2
∫ 𝑎+2 𝑑𝑎 = 2 ln| 𝑎 + 2|
1
∫ 𝑎+1 𝑑𝑎 = ln |𝑎 + 1 |
1
= (2 ln| 𝑎 + 2| − ln |𝑎 + 1 |)
2

1
= (2 ln| 𝑎 + 2| − 2 ln |𝑎 + 1 |)

1
= (ln| 𝑢2 + 2| − 2 ln |𝑢2 + 1 |)

Agrupando:
1
ln| 𝑥 | + ln| 𝑢2 + 2| − 2 ln |𝑢2 + 1 | = 0

Reeplazando:
𝑦 2 1 𝑦 2
ln| 𝑥 | + ln| (𝑥 ) + 2| − 2 ln | (𝑥 ) + 1 | = 0

𝑦 2 1 𝑦 2
ln| 𝑥 | + ln| (𝑥 ) + 2| = 2 ln | (𝑥 ) + 1 |

𝑦 2 1 𝑦 2
ln| 𝑥|| ( ) + 2| = ln | ( ) + 1 |
𝑥 2 𝑥

∴ 2𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝐶√𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2

4.- 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 + 𝑦´(−5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) = 0

(4𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (−5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

Demostrando que son homogéneos:

𝑓(𝑓𝑥; 𝑓𝑦) = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑓(𝑥; 𝑦)

𝑓(𝑡𝑥 + 𝑡𝑦) = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑓(𝑥; 𝑦)
(4𝑡 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑡 2 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑡 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (−5𝑡 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑡 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑡 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑡 2 (4𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑡 2 (−5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

(4𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (−5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

Sustituyendo:

𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢
(4𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑢𝑥 − 3𝑢2 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (−5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑢𝑥 + 𝑢2 𝑥 2 )(𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) = 0

𝑥 2 (4 + 𝑢 − 3𝑢2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 (−5 + 2𝑢 + 𝑢2 )(𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) = 0

(4 + 𝑢 − 3𝑢2 )𝑑𝑥 + (−5 + 2𝑢 + 𝑢2 )(𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) = 0
𝑑𝑥 (−5+2𝑢+𝑢2 )𝑑𝑢
𝑥
+ 𝑢3 +𝑢2 −4𝑢+4
=0

𝑑𝑥 (−5+2𝑢+𝑢2 )𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑥
+∫ 𝑢3 +𝑢2 −4𝑢+4
=0

(−5+2𝑢+𝑢2 )𝑑𝑢
ln|𝑥| + ∫ 𝑢3 +𝑢2 −4𝑢+4
=0

(−5+2𝑢+𝑢2 )𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑢3 +𝑢2 −4𝑢+4

−5+2𝑢+𝑢2 2 5 3
= − +
𝑢3 +𝑢2 −4𝑢+4 3(𝑢−1) 12(𝑢+2) 4(𝑢−2)

2 5 3
= ∫ 3(𝑢−1) 𝑑𝑢 − ∫ 12(𝑢+2) 𝑑𝑢 + ∫ 4(𝑢−2) 𝑑𝑢

2 2
∫ 3(𝑢−1) 𝑑𝑢 = 3 ln| 𝑢 − 1|
5 5
∫ 12(𝑢+2) 𝑑𝑢 = 12 ln |𝑢 + 2|

3 3
∫ 4(𝑢−2) 𝑑𝑢 = 4 ln| 𝑢 − 2|

2 5 3
= 3 ln| 𝑢 − 1| − 12 ln|𝑢 + 2| + 4 ln| 𝑢 − 2|

Agrupando:
2 5 3
ln| 𝑥 | + ln| 𝑢 − 1| − ln|𝑢 + 2| + ln| 𝑢 − 2| = 0
3 12 4

Reemplazando:

2 𝑦 5 𝑦 3 𝑦
ln| 𝑥 | + 3 ln| 𝑥 − 1| − 12 ln |𝑥 + 2| + 4 ln| 𝑥 − 2| = 0

Multiplicando x12:

𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
12ln| 𝑥 | + 8 ln| 𝑥 − 1| − 5 ln |𝑥 + 2| + 9 ln| 𝑥 − 2| = 0

𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
12ln| 𝑥 | + 8 ln| − 1| + 9 ln| − 2| = 5 ln | + 2|
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦−𝑥 𝑦−2𝑥 𝑦+2𝑥

12ln| 𝑥 | + 8 ln| 𝑥
|+ 9 ln| 𝑥
| = 5 ln | 𝑥
|

12ln| 𝑥 | + 8 ln|𝑦 − 𝑥 | + 9 ln| 𝑦 − 2𝑥| − 17 ln |𝑥| = 5 ln|𝑦 + 2𝑥| − 5 ln |𝑥|

8 ln|𝑦 − 𝑥 | + 9 ln| 𝑦 − 2𝑥| = 5 ln|𝑦 + 2𝑥|

ln |𝑦 − 𝑥|8 + ln |𝑦 − 2𝑥|9 = 5 ln|𝑦 + 2𝑥|

ln |𝑦 − 𝑥|8 |𝑦 − 2𝑥|9 = 5 ln|𝑦 + 2𝑥|

∴ (𝑦 − 𝑥)8 (𝑦 − 2𝑥)9 = 𝐶(𝑦 + 2𝑥)5