LaplaceBilatera Luca PDF

Transformada
de Laplace
Sistemas LTI: convolución
h(t)
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h[n]
•  Primera forma de expresar la salida en función

de la entrada: con la convolución
Sistemas LTI, Tiempo Con<nuo (TC)
•  De forma equivalente se pueden expresar con
ecuaciones diferenciales lineales a coeficientes
constantes
•  La equivalencia perfecta se da cuando las

condiciones iniciales son todas nulas:
En general
t0 = 0
Caso discreto
EQUIVALENCIA CON LA CONVOLUCION (UN SISTEMA LTI SE PUEDE REPRESENTAR ASI)
N
X M
X
ak y[n k] = bj x[n j]
k=0
j=0
con condiciones iniciales

y[ 1] = y[ 2] = y[ 3] = ... = y[ N ] = 0
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a veces se escribe ası́ tambien

XN XM
1 1
y[n] = ak y[n k] + bj x[n j]
a0 a0 j=0
k=1
M
X
a0 y[n] + a1 y[n 1] + . . . + aN y[n N] = bj x[n j]
j=0
Resumen: en el dominio del <empo…
PARA EXPRESAR LA SALIDA y(t), y[n] EN EL TIEMPO,

tenemos:
CONVOLUCIÓN
ECUACIONES ECUACIONES A LAS
DIFERENCIALES DIFERENCIAS
Por que pasamos a un

dominio “transformado”?
Transformada de Laplace de h(t) como auto-‐valor
s=
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+ j!
Transformada de Laplace (TL) “bilatera”
Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
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1
s= <latexit sha1_base64="jtb7+gOWGd4fWVfwNmFRkxmpdkg=">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</latexit>
+ j!
If
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= 0 =) TL=TF !!
L{x(t)} = F{x(t)e
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t
}
Transformada de Laplace (TL) “bilatera”
Formula de Análisis
Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt s= + j!
1
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L{x(t)} = F{x(t)e
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t
}
Es una extensión de Fourier: la Transformada de Laplace puede exis<r para ciertos
valores de \sigma aunque la transformada de Fourier no existe.
Resolvemos matemá<camente “bien” (por fin) el problema de la existencia de las
transformadas de señales constantes y/o periódicas (y de más señales…).
Transformada de Laplace (TL) “unilatera”
s=
+ j!
Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
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0
La integral es de cero a infinito. Hay algunas razones para considerar (a
veces) esta definición:
1) Una de ellas es que esta definición vale solo para señales x(t) causales
(que se desarrollan de cero en adelante...).
2) Hay otra razón que <ene que ser con las derivadas de x(t) y las ecuaciones
diferenciales (la veremos mas en adelante).
Luego vamos a explicar porque el primer punto es interesante.

La T. de Laplace es algo Zbidimensional
+1
s=
+ j! X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
0
Es algo dimensional respecto a s y es una función a valores complejos;
Ejemplo de MODULOS de TL:
Ejemplo y Región de convergencia de
Laplace (Region of Convergence-‐ ROC)
x(t) = e
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at
u(t) a2R
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Vamos a considerar la bilatera:

Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
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1
Z Z  +1
+1 +1
1 1
X(s) = e at
u(t)e st
dt = e (a+s)t
dt = e (a+s)t
=
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1 0 a+s 0 a+s
Solo si a +
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> 0 !!!
x(t) = e
at
u(t)
1
X(s) = > a
s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="qfF2S4H3fVzseUhy/thupznFGm4=">AAACIXicbVDLSgNBEJyN7/iKevQyGISIGHZV0IsS9OJRwWggG0LvZDYZnJ1dZnqVsORXvPgrXjwokpv4M04eB00saCiquunuChIpDLrul5ObmZ2bX1hcyi+vrK6tFzY270ycasarLJaxrgVguBSKV1Gg5LVEc4gCye+Dh8uBf//ItRGxusVuwhsRtJUIBQO0UrNw6hvRjuD8APK7tZLZO6N+qIFlXi8z+9CjI9XXot1B0Dp+or5QIXZps1B0y+4QdJp4Y1IkY1w3C32/FbM04gqZBGPqnptgIwONgkney/up4QmwB2jzuqUKIm4a2fDDHt21SouGsbalkA7V3xMZRMZ0o8B2RoAdM+kNxP+8eorhaSMTKkmRKzZaFKaSYkwHcdGW0Jyh7FoCTAt7K2UdsAmhDTVvQ/AmX54md4dl76h8eHNcrFyM41gk22SHlIhHTkiFXJFrUiWMPJNX8k4+nBfnzfl0+qPWnDOe2SJ/4Hz/ABzEoa4=</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="O23XMPqkEESOGtGev/olktipJ8I=">AAAB/HicbVDLSsNAFL3xWesr2qWbwSJUhJJUQTdC0Y3LCvYBbSiT6aQdOpmEmYkQQvwVNy4UceuHuPNvnD4W2nrgwuGce7n3Hj/mTGnH+bZWVtfWNzYLW8Xtnd29ffvgsKWiRBLaJBGPZMfHinImaFMzzWknlhSHPqdtf3w78duPVCoWiQedxtQL8VCwgBGsjdS3S52KOr1GvUBikrl5ps5w3rfLTtWZAi0Td07KMEejb3/1BhFJQio04VipruvE2suw1Ixwmhd7iaIxJmM8pF1DBQ6p8rLp8Tk6McoABZE0JTSaqr8nMhwqlYa+6QyxHqlFbyL+53UTHVx5GRNxoqkgs0VBwpGO0CQJNGCSEs1TQzCRzNyKyAibHLTJq2hCcBdfXiatWtU9r9buL8r1m3kcBTiCY6iAC5dQhztoQBMIpPAMr/BmPVkv1rv1MWtdseYzJfgD6/MHbZWT/g==</latexit>
X(s) ! 1
<latexit sha1_base64="G/JqLvn739QbH3oVI2Cm4qnG3Jk=">AAACFnicbVBNS8NAEN3Ur1q/qh69LJZCRSxJFfQiFL14rGA/oClls920SzebsDtRSuiv8OJf8eJBEa/izX/jts1BWx8MPN6bYWaeFwmuwba/rczS8srqWnY9t7G5tb2T391r6DBWlNVpKELV8ohmgktWBw6CtSLFSOAJ1vSG1xO/ec+U5qG8g1HEOgHpS+5zSsBI3fxJsVXSR5fY9RWhiTNO9DEZ49xEdBXvD4AoFT5gl0sfRribL9hlewq8SJyUFFCKWjf/5fZCGgdMAhVE67ZjR9BJiAJOBRvn3FiziNAh6bO2oZIETHeS6VtjXDRKD/uhMiUBT9XfEwkJtB4FnukMCAz0vDcR//PaMfgXnYTLKAYm6WyRHwsMIZ5khHtcMQpiZAihiptbMR0QExCYJHMmBGf+5UXSqJSd03Ll9qxQvUrjyKIDdIhKyEHnqIpuUA3VEUWP6Bm9ojfryXqx3q2PWWvGSmf20R9Ynz+l4Z3Y</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="wK+z80GKXQY5W6tR+FAPKnf48CQ=">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</latexit>
 a
x(t) = e at 1
u(t) X(s) = > a
s+a
a>0 a < 0
j!
<latexit sha1_base64="V17Fa8RLCBcdlTx5Q4lxINkN9N4=">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</latexit>
j!
<latexit sha1_base64="FDoOc+1N9kwfsze9+Sdb2LoluFE=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="T9vkEH4r5UhpA5UrsMUMSlqslos=">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</latexit>
s
<latexit sha1_base64="4lYsJEEJKDpee/b6VM+MZK577is=">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</latexit>
s
<latexit sha1_base64="ceI5Mgur1hGHEjA23VBPKruJZh8=">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</latexit>
a <latexit sha1_base64="l1QGI2o2gowBwRWPMreZku2YaAk=">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</latexit> <latexit sha1_base64="ceI5Mgur1hGHEjA23VBPKruJZh8=">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</latexit>
a <latexit sha1_base64="l1QGI2o2gowBwRWPMreZku2YaAk=">AAACPHicbVC7TiMxFPXA8hpeAcptrI0igRDRDCBBg4SgoQwLCZEyUXTH8SQWHs9g3wFFo/kwmv2I7ahoKBYhWup1HgWvI1k6Oude2+eEqRQGPe/BmZr+MTM7N7/gLi4tr6yW1tYbJsk043WWyEQ3QzBcCsXrKFDyZqo5xKHkV+H16dC/uuXaiERd4iDl7Rh6SkSCAVqpU7oIjOjF4FYgECqIAfthmP8u3MpYDyS/2bFuc9NsHdEg0sByv8jNNhR0rAZa9PoIWid31F4R4YB2SmWv6o1AvxJ/Qspkglqn9DfoJiyLuUImwZiW76XYzkGjYJIXbpAZngK7hh5vWaog5qadj8IXtGKVLo0SbY9COlLfb+QQGzOIQzs5jGc+e0PxO6+VYXTYzoVKM+SKjR+KMkkxocMmaVdozlAOLAGmhf0rZX2wDaHt27Ul+J8jfyWN3aq/V9093y8fn0zqmCc/yS+ySXxyQI7JGamROmHknjySf+TZ+eM8OS/O63h0ypnsbJAPcN7+A5sGrI8=</latexit>
Para cada s en esta región existe X(s) y vale 1/(s+a)

a>0 a<0
j!
j!
s
s
a <latexit sha1_base64="l1QGI2o2gowBwRWPMreZku2YaAk=">AAACPHicbVC7TiMxFPXA8hpeAcptrI0igRDRDCBBg4SgoQwLCZEyUXTH8SQWHs9g3wFFo/kwmv2I7ahoKBYhWup1HgWvI1k6Oude2+eEqRQGPe/BmZr+MTM7N7/gLi4tr6yW1tYbJsk043WWyEQ3QzBcCsXrKFDyZqo5xKHkV+H16dC/uuXaiERd4iDl7Rh6SkSCAVqpU7oIjOjF4FYgECqIAfthmP8u3MpYDyS/2bFuc9NsHdEg0sByv8jNNhR0rAZa9PoIWid31F4R4YB2SmWv6o1AvxJ/Qspkglqn9DfoJiyLuUImwZiW76XYzkGjYJIXbpAZngK7hh5vWaog5qadj8IXtGKVLo0SbY9COlLfb+QQGzOIQzs5jGc+e0PxO6+VYXTYzoVKM+SKjR+KMkkxocMmaVdozlAOLAGmhf0rZX2wDaHt27Ul+J8jfyWN3aq/V9093y8fn0zqmCc/yS+ySXxyQI7JGamROmHknjySf+TZ+eM8OS/O63h0ypnsbJAPcN7+A5sGrI8=</latexit> <latexit sha1_base64="ceI5Mgur1hGHEjA23VBPKruJZh8=">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</latexit>
NO EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE FOURIER.
FOURIER !!!
Ejemplos ROC
Doble flecha en el caso
de la unilatera….
x(t) =
<latexit sha1_base64="1JTSkTiLrFACqZhSGFBiJB7myDM=">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</latexit>
e at
u( t) a2R
<latexit sha1_base64="XvXfTXgo8W9jwuG9JDF5faiJNxo=">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</latexit>
Vamos a considerar la bilatera:

Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
Z
<latexit sha1_base64="m8XJmPEMYl9j1Gev5LMxcCSm2ck=">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</latexit>
1 Z  0
+1 0
1
X(s) = e at
u( t)e st
dt = e (a+s)t
dt = e (a+s)t
<latexit sha1_base64="SzZxp887VjN4Yb6EZWsC57Ef1ig=">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</latexit>
1 1 s+a 1
1
=
s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="9unFhwPVqXus7mctSNZQHp71e2w=">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</latexit>
Solo si a +
<latexit sha1_base64="Y6VIjuFz5an2w+JAiPN8i7FOXfU=">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</latexit>
< 0 !!!
x(t) =
<latexit sha1_base64="6XEjD/QAMGAWhfM+pghzUFgxpEM=">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</latexit>
e at
u( t)
1
X(s) = < a
s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="fdN+D44KYChu7OAgQE6TmVqluEI=">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</latexit>
X(s) ! 1
<latexit sha1_base64="/J8WjdF0x+e8wf+xa4qSQGgYaFs=">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</latexit>
> a
1
x(t) = e at
u( t) X(s) = < a
s+a

j!
j! a > 0
a<0
NO EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

s
FOURIER. s
EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

FOURIER !!!
Resumen (hasta ahora)
1
x(t) = e at
u(t) X(s) = > a
s+a
1
x(t) = e at
u( t) X(s) = < a
s+a
Tienen misma transformada! Pero diferentes ROC!
x(t) = e at
u(t) 1
X(s) =
x(t) =
e at
u( t) s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="3/rxCqb7BAZKIATn0XWfU+qW1tU=">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</latexit>
Resumen (hasta ahora)
•  Es decir, con la relación entre la TL bilatera X(s)

y la no tenemos una relación biunívoca con
x(t).
•  Necesitamos la información de la ROC,

también.
Con la TL unilatera….
Z +1
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt
0
x(t) = e at
u(t) 1
X(s) =
x(t) =
e at
u( t) s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="3/rxCqb7BAZKIATn0XWfU+qW1tU=">AAADmHiclVLZbtNAFJ3YLMUsTUG8wMuE1FKiyJHdVgKJpopYBLyVQtpIcRqNJ+NkqLfOXEMjy7/Ex/DG3zCOjZSk5YErjebo3HNXXS8JuATb/l3T9Fu379zdumfcf/Dw0XZ95/GpjFNB2YDGQSyGHpEs4BEbAIeADRPBSOgF7My7eFv4z74zIXkcfYVFwsYhmUXc55SAoiY7tZ+mG3rxVfZFSbHkeJd0XMlnITmyd3Gj0cgN86oF7Z7FzjOLQJ62LGgb5rAl2z2XRzDJLPX5sMjPs06FLLwqLrCEfAo9azPAzpfKFunIdqUImA8j1xeEZpaTZ7JD8hWJK/hsDuP1HIbZKwMqvWGSQ9swpWFaxDC/uXHIZgqUYymnCnVDAnPPy07yv7wqfFnIl4PhtXzYvUzJFONSePh/qrJjIkT8A5c9/4tfT3CkEtxQZVJv2l17afg6cCrQRJUdT+q/3GlM05BFQAMi5cixExhnRACnAcsNN5UsIfSCzNhIwYiETI6z5WHl2FTMFPuxUC8CvGRXIzISSrkIPaUsFio3fQV5k2+Ugv9qnPEoSYFFtCzkpwGGGBdXiqdcMArBQgFCBVe9Yjonag+gbtlQS3A2R74OTve6zn537/NBs/+mWscWeo5eoBZy0EvURx/RMRogqj3VXmvvtPf6M72vf9A/lVKtVsU8QWumn/wBfroctw==</latexit>
•  Esta definición <ene sen<do solo para señales

causales.
•  Tenemos una relación biunívoca.
Otro Ejemplo
a2R <latexit sha1_base64="XvXfTXgo8W9jwuG9JDF5faiJNxo=">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</latexit>
x(t) = e
<latexit sha1_base64="xRPWwiCqPxOULPVy+sRA56AycfQ=">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</latexit>
a|t|
= e at u(t) + eat u( t)
Z +1 Z +1
X(s) = e at
u(t)e st
dt + eat u( t)e st
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="eUSOC9yTlt3f62E339Owmnme05c=">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</latexit>
1 1
Z +1 Z 0
= e at
e st
dt + eat e st
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="WJ12DtIpVayfHQs+TF+FP+uzuDk=">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</latexit>
0 1
1 2a 1
= = 2
s+a s a s a2
| {z } | {z }
<latexit sha1_base64="DFcBO37WvPomUsM1czQSUsugFhU=">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</latexit>
> a <a
a0 2a
X(s) = 2
<latexit sha1_base64="quPmy/2B5awf7ZPOLuHBfK3sj9Y=">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</latexit>
a > 0 =)
<latexit sha1_base64="FLhyJd2lfo4kXS/OoDSgqYpaOs0=">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</latexit>
s a2 <latexit sha1_base64="5N5F2xiTBA9P7FOs/zQXz4J40no=">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</latexit>
X(s) = no existe
<latexit sha1_base64="LWRe5mKRLFrnMhYTu69sHDtEV8U=">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</latexit>
ROC: a < < a
<latexit sha1_base64="YudmZsrZgYVUE2wAHkwHYOKbu2Q=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="I6pWLckMdjvgR//4svm7DoCQA+M=">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</latexit>
Ejemplo
x(t) = e
<latexit sha1_base64="xRPWwiCqPxOULPVy+sRA56AycfQ=">AAAFQniclVRNb9MwGM7WAiN8bIMjF48uUqcqU1qQQKidJnbhgMQYbKvUtNWb1OnMEqezHWiV+bdx4Rdw4wdw4QBCXDngfHSkayeEpSiPXj9+7OfJGzsjn3BhWV+Wlkvla9dvrNzUb92+c3d1bf3eEQ8j5uJDN/RD1naAY59QfCiI8HF7xDAEjo+PndO9ZP74PWachPStmIxwN4AhJR5xQahSf73UNmDH0g0TdKNd5VstZAdOOI5piPBYbY+lboDt4zOkSIppvwzpkJHhiQDGwg+6kdEPXu09k4lK0+ZkGEBzKmd7DNzYbICMea9hQq8hpzOEin5sqpcnJrIX13KEe7EJQkZVsZVALuRA1K4imxdss0DXjVzdmte9IJmXNa05SqIT0QFmjjKB48xLXTmpgZT9OLO6Y4I0VQ4LiWaB2ATZMhblMVZWW+ne5+JctgoB1BSeuptG/UZ9U8QJ2oRafgBrE21sbKhcU6GZSP6RtYkW5tdakE3KrEKNb+UMH3uik9vJMylQ7LRHurMaSZ7FDFVHNVVb8az93tlhgIcKZLaSviPUDkCcOE58IKf1pBkL3VrUQ/ZZBAOE8rz/j2X/7WqUnfmq+qzAzhXb9Ncq1raVDjQP6jmoaPnY7699tgehGwWYCtcHzjt1ayS6MTBBXF/9h3bE8QjcUxjijoIUAsy7cXoFSGSoygB5IVMPFSitFlfEEHA+CRzFTBLll+eS4qK5TiS8p92Y0FEkMHWzjbzIRyJEyX2CBoRhV/gTBcBlRJ0VuSegchDq1tFVCPXLlufBUWO7/mi78fpxZfd5HseK9kB7qFW1uvZE29VeaPvaoeaWPpa+lr6XfpQ/lb+Vf5Z/ZdTlpXzNfW1mlH//AVd1uuw=</latexit>
a|t|
=e at
u(t) + eat u( t)
a>0 <latexit sha1_base64="T9vkEH4r5UhpA5UrsMUMSlqslos=">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</latexit>
j!
<latexit sha1_base64="VbtWfTnS4NDeiaZxnVJZ7/uqzOg=">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</latexit>
s
v v
<latexit sha1_base64="ZgIIgyTADNEzb43yiAc8XkX3KVk=">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</latexit>
a a
<latexit sha1_base64="b8Fq0FcxgQ30zwjaU33wT7s2JTU=">AAAFO3iclVRNb9NAEHWbAMV8tXDksqW1lCrayglIIJRElXrhgERb6IcUJ9HYWadL7XW6u4ZGW/8vLvwJbly4cAAhrtxZx07rNKkQK1l+mnl+s/M8u+4woELa9teFxVL5xs1bS7fNO3fv3X+wvPLwQEQx98i+FwURP3JBkIAysi+pDMjRkBMI3YAcuifbaf7wA+GCRuydHA1JJ4QBoz71QOpQb6W0C6Z1VBEbTeSEbnSmWITIma5LEtMCJyCnyNagZTuvIzbgdHAsgfPoo2ll9L032y81E0PDEXQQQmMi5/gcPIXrkCjRrWPo1pNJhjLZU1i/fDlKuqqaI9JVGGQSV+RGCoVM+rJ6HRlfsHGBblq5uj2re0HCVzXtGUqqE7M+4a5ugqisl5rupApJ0lNZqy0MCdY+zCXiArEBSdOa68eZ7rU5Ln4uz5NmwYGqxjmcWP1W/0wkKFqHar4Bex2trq5OdKYs+YfXGM31rznHmzGzAlWxkTMC4st23k7uSYHijGekM62R+ln0UE9UQ4+VSAfHtN47UUgGGmRtpXNHmROCPHZdtZdM4ukw4stpLeoh5zSGPkK53//Hci6nGmV7vi4+LdC6pkxvec3etMcLzYJaDtaMfO30lr84/ciLQ8KkF4AQ7Zo9lB0FXFIv0OfQiQUZgncCA9LWkEFIREeNz36CLB3pIz/i+mESjaPFLxSEQoxCVzNTR8XVXBqcl2vH0n/RUZQNY0mYlxXy4wDJCKUXCepTTjwZjDQAj1O9V+Qdg/ZB6uvG1CbUrrY8Cw7qm7Wnm/XdZ2tbrdyOJeOx8cSoGDXjubFlvDJ2jH3DK30qfSv9KP0sfy5/L/8q/86oiwv5N4+MqVX+8xe7nrlK</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="l1QGI2o2gowBwRWPMreZku2YaAk=">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</latexit>
Y con a>0 existe

2a también TF
a > 0 =) X(s) = 2
<latexit sha1_base64="FLhyJd2lfo4kXS/OoDSgqYpaOs0=">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</latexit>
s a2 <latexit sha1_base64="5N5F2xiTBA9P7FOs/zQXz4J40no=">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</latexit>
ROC: a < < a

<latexit sha1_base64="YudmZsrZgYVUE2wAHkwHYOKbu2Q=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="I6pWLckMdjvgR//4svm7DoCQA+M=">AAAE9niclVTLbtNAFHWbAMUUmsKSzZTWUqpoIicgwSKpKrFhWR59SHESXU/GyVA/0pkxNJrOh7BhAUJs+RZ2/A3j2KmSJhViJMtH9545997j8fjjkAnpun/W1kvlO3fvbdy3H2w+fLRV2X58IpKUE3pMkjDhZz4IGrKYHksmQ3o25hQiP6Sn/vnrLH/6iXLBkviDnIxpN4JhzAJGQJpQf7u0iaHlCTaMoAW2c1YV+20v4EAUboJWotfE0GvqWYbFsq+weQVyonuqViDaUxikTqtyP4NC6oGs3UbG12w8R7edQt1d1r0m4Zua7hIl00njAeW+GYKqfJaGmaQGWvdVPuoBBo1tZzURzxFboNvOSj8uzaztafEreaXbcw7UDC6gKRH5yaV6b74DEgztQa1owN1DOzs7M50FS/7hNUYr/Wuv8GbKrEJN7BeMkAayU4xTeDJH8TgbjmR3USPzc95D24GWazvCdrA5Lx+9JKJDA/KxTNJs9SKQI99X7/Qsbgpf4NnxQgt6yLtIYYBQ4ff/sfKOgfPkM8p7vi2+KHBwS5l+Zdetu9OFlkGjALtWsY76ld/eICFpRGNJQhCi03DHsquAS0ZCqm0vFXQM5ByGtGNgDBEVXTX9bTVyTGSAgoSbJ5ZoGp3foSASYhL5hpk5Km7msuCqXCeVwauuYvE4lTQmeaEgDZFMUHYHoAHjlMhwYgAQzkyviIzA+CDNTWEbExo3R14GJ81643m9+fbF7uFBYceG9dR6ZlWthvXSOrTeWEfWsUVKovSl9K30vXxZ/lr+Uf6ZU9fXij1PrIVV/vUXl7Sfvw==</latexit>
Polos y ceros
•  POLOS: todos los valores de s tal que

X(s) ! 1
<latexit sha1_base64="rhX5q6LBqSeu67RQdW2yKNfGuV4=">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</latexit>
•  Ceros: todos los valores de s tal que
X(s) = 0
<latexit sha1_base64="ytbrQVkda/4OKFSWH1w4WYYtn2c=">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</latexit>
•  la ROC no con<ene polos.

Algunas Propiedades
•  la ROC no con<ene polos.
•  Si la señal x(t) es de duración finita y existe por

lo menos un valor de (que nosotros
<latexit sha1_base64="psZwi/zbapKm+P2NjAousKHEbbM=">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</latexit>
conozcamos) para que existe la TL, entonces

en realidad la TL converge en todo el plano
complejo (es decir la ROC es todo el plano).
Algunas Propiedades
•  Si la señal x(t) es causal: la ROC está a la
derecha de todos los polos.
•  Si la señal x(t) es an<-‐causal: la ROC está a la

izquierda de todos los polos.
•  Si la señal x(t) esta formado por una parte

causal y una an<-‐causal: la ROC es una
“franja” en el piano s, contenida entre los
polos.
Otro Ejemplo: exponencial truncado
x(t) = e
<latexit sha1_base64="sPgkgl19jlbXTuyV+a6eMFcCWbU=">AAACDHicbVDLTgIxFO3gC/GFunTTSExwIZlBE92YEN24xIRXAkg65QINnQftHSOZ8AFu/BU3LjTGrR/gzr+xPBYKnqTpyTnnpr3HDaXQaNvfVmJpeWV1Lbme2tjc2t5J7+5VdBApDmUeyEDVXKZBCh/KKFBCLVTAPFdC1e1fj/3qPSgtAr+EwxCaHuv6oiM4QyO10pmHLB5fwl18wnBEaWMQsTa1GxIGFOnkKlGTsnP2BHSRODOSITMUW+mvRjvgkQc+csm0rjt2iM2YKRRcwijViDSEjPdZF+qG+swD3Ywny4zokVHatBMoc3ykE/X3RMw8rYeea5Iew56e98bif149ws5FMxZ+GCH4fPpQJ5IUAzpuhraFAo5yaAjjSpi/Ut5jinE0/aVMCc78youkks85p7n87VmmcDWrI0kOyCHJEoeckwK5IUVSJpw8kmfySt6sJ+vFerc+ptGENZvZJ39gff4AhNqZXw==</latexit>
at
0tT
Z +1 Z T
X(s) = x(t)e st
dt = e at
e st
dt
1 0
Z T  (a+s)t T
e
= e (a+s)t
dt = ,
<latexit sha1_base64="JPThbRlVK6kJ1+shBsESd9zt0p0=">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</latexit>
0 s+a 0
1 ⇣ ⌘
X(s) = 1 e (a+s)T
s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="a4CPRaBEXiDo/ARJW5kgaQAzfXI=">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</latexit>
Exponencial truncado
x(t) = e
<latexit sha1_base64="sPgkgl19jlbXTuyV+a6eMFcCWbU=">AAACDHicbVDLTgIxFO3gC/GFunTTSExwIZlBE92YEN24xIRXAkg65QINnQftHSOZ8AFu/BU3LjTGrR/gzr+xPBYKnqTpyTnnpr3HDaXQaNvfVmJpeWV1Lbme2tjc2t5J7+5VdBApDmUeyEDVXKZBCh/KKFBCLVTAPFdC1e1fj/3qPSgtAr+EwxCaHuv6oiM4QyO10pmHLB5fwl18wnBEaWMQsTa1GxIGFOnkKlGTsnP2BHSRODOSITMUW+mvRjvgkQc+csm0rjt2iM2YKRRcwijViDSEjPdZF+qG+swD3Ywny4zokVHatBMoc3ykE/X3RMw8rYeea5Iew56e98bif149ws5FMxZ+GCH4fPpQJ5IUAzpuhraFAo5yaAjjSpi/Ut5jinE0/aVMCc78youkks85p7n87VmmcDWrI0kOyCHJEoeckwK5IUVSJpw8kmfySt6sJ+vFerc+ptGENZvZJ39gff4AhNqZXw==</latexit>
at
0tT
1 ⇣ ⌘
X(s) = 1 e (a+s)T
s+a
<latexit sha1_base64="a4CPRaBEXiDo/ARJW5kgaQAzfXI=">AAAC3nicbVJLb9NAEF6bVzGvFI5cRkRBjkIiuyCVS1ElLhyLlLSRbDes1+tk1fWj3jEisnzgwgGEuPK7uPFDuLN2XLU0jGTtp/ke3p3dMJdCoeP8NswbN2/dvrNz17p3/8HDR73dx8cqKwvGZyyTWTEPqeJSpHyGAiWf5wWnSSj5SXj2tuFPPvJCiSyd4jrnQUKXqYgFo6hbi96fwScbhwf8tBpTrAH885JG4PiSnwNCu0zBGjyf22p44IsUF9VYLzGu69Nq1CFoMqDJUDojwk7oaMm0hovsSx58X0duq2w6UsMuQfIYPT8uKKvGV7i6UiNa+4VYrjC4ML8AsDYbbPVuJ2oibPfSPe18Q2vR6zsTpy3YBm4H+qSro0Xvlx9lrEx4ikxSpTzXyTGoaIGCSV5bfql4TtkZXXJPw5QmXAVVez01DHQngjgr9JcitN2rjoomSq2TUCsTiit1nWua/+O8EuPXQSXSvESess2P4lICZtDcNUSi4AzlWgPKCqH3CmxF9YhQv4hmCO71I2+D472J+3Ky9/5V//BNN44d8pQ8IzZxyT45JO/IEZkRZnjGZ+Or8c38YH4xv5s/NlLT6DxPyD9l/vwL19ThWg==</latexit>
POLOS: s=
<latexit sha1_base64="DGcwgcukmVwaisqbAKf53Yp/LwE=">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</latexit>
a
CEROS:
e
<latexit sha1_base64="iLEsUyR4HHNlX+E7GbxytqKEyZI=">AAADZXiclVJLj9MwEHZTHiWw0C6ICwdGrIpSlVZJQYJLpRVcOC5Su1up7lau67Smea09Aaoof5IbVy78DZwmq32UCyNF/jTfw5mRF0kgNbrur5pVv3P33v3GA/vho4PHT5qtw1Mdp4qLMY+DWE0WTItARmKMEgMxSZRg4SIQZ4vNp4I/+yaUlnE0wm0iZiFbRdKXnKFpzVu1TJxnPUd3WWeUDz2gSq7WyJSKv0PZHX4d0ETCxm7rYY/ZbarlKjTnxNGdG3IqIx+3JTF07fYPBzvDIp1hDkAvUrYElwbiAhB2xwjs9uud2lhxnvXKhPw861YIigwoMrTJWGIldI1klMNl9hUPlJrIfZXDurpTJQTCxyn1FeNZ7xqXZ2bavJxndml+A1DNUxq8SlVkON6VfVQZO/+nnjeP3L67K9gHXgWOSFUn8+ZPuox5GooIecC0nnpugrOMKZQ8ELlNUy0SxjdsJaYGRiwUepbtXkkObdNZgh8r80UIu+51R8ZCrbfhwihDhmt9myua/+KmKfofZpmMkhRFxMuL/DQAjKF4crCUSnAMtgYwrqT5V+BrZjaE5mHaZgne7ZH3wemg773tD768Ozr+WK2jQV6QV8QhHnlPjslnckLGhNd+Ww2rZR1af+oH9Wf156XUqlWep+RG1V/+BZ3wCc8=</latexit>
(s+a)T
= 1 ! (s + a)T = j2⇡k
2⇡k
s= a+j k = 1, 2, 3...
T
<latexit sha1_base64="dcZ3xmpnKuk0JMihWE4IwheIbhw=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="n/AdNyCkpy8WfytAF/WSXrDaZbo=">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</latexit>
Exponencial truncado
POLOS: s=
<latexit sha1_base64="DGcwgcukmVwaisqbAKf53Yp/LwE=">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</latexit>
a
2⇡k
CEROS:
s= a+j k = 1, 2, 3...
<latexit sha1_base64="n/AdNyCkpy8WfytAF/WSXrDaZbo=">AAADi3iclVJbi9NAFJ42Xmp03a4++nKwRFLahqQVdhEDiyL4uEK6W2i6ZTqdtLPNbWcmagn5Mf4l3/w3Tpose6kvHgjzcb7L5BxmkYZMSNv+02hqjx4/edp6pj9/cfDysH306lwkGSd0TJIw4ZMFFjRkMR1LJkM6STnF0SKkF4vN55K/+E65YEnsyW1KZxFexSxgBEvVmh81fgl3ABh6V37AMcmHfspgU+ReoRv0Mh+Yooe7XuE64HO2WkvMefIDqq57Val1Y+M6/WF/ZFmWbqg8rBu+YKtInRNTdO9ZfRYHclsRrq0bP03ZdcubsCwA/OsML8H2Q3oNEnaHB7rxbqdWVjnPB1VCcZn3agRlBpQZQmUsZS20lcQr4Cb7lgffV5H7KhP3RLdOCGkgp9VKBne4IleTF9U8sxtzH6CepzI4tarMMJ1bu1cbu/+nnrc7tmXvCvaBU4MOquts3v7tLxOSRTSWJMRCTB07lbMcc8lISAvdzwRNMdngFZ0qGOOIilm+e0sFGKqzhCDh6osl7Lp3HTmOhNhGC6WMsFyLh1zZ/Bc3zWRwMstZnGaSxqS6KMhCkAmUDxOWjFMiw60CmHCm/hXIGqsNSfV8dbUE5+HI++B8aDkja/jtfef0U72OFnqD3iITOegYnaKv6AyNEWm2mlbzuHmiHWgj7YP2sZI2G7XnNbpX2pe/ZQUUDA==</latexit>
T <latexit sha1_base64="dcZ3xmpnKuk0JMihWE4IwheIbhw=">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</latexit>
j!
a>0
<latexit sha1_base64="VbtWfTnS4NDeiaZxnVJZ7/uqzOg=">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</latexit>
Un cero (k=1) se va

con el polo (se
eliminan)…. entonces
no hay polos !!
v
<latexit sha1_base64="ZgIIgyTADNEzb43yiAc8XkX3KVk=">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</latexit>
ROC: TODO EL PLANO !!!

An<-‐transformada de Laplace
I
1 +ju
x(t) = lim st
X(s)e ds
2⇡j u!1
<latexit sha1_base64="hWSiQTeU1ZmJ3GgKW7WagTrfjg0=">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</latexit>
ju
!  Donde esta contenido en la ROC. <latexit sha1_base64="rinRg5K5tVfhodxFpaoU1nonVcw=">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</latexit>
!  en general, vamos usar otros métodos para

inver<r X(s) y obtener x(t).
Fracciones simples para an<-‐transformar
EXPRESAREMOS LA TRANSFORMADA
DE LAPLACE COMO SUMA DE
FRACCIONES……
“Doble flecha”, porque se

refiere a la unilatera…
Fracciones simples para an<-‐transformar
Propiedades – (Bilatera)
Propiedades: derivada
Z +1  Z +1
dx(t)
e st
dt = [x(t)e ] 1
st +1
s x(t)e st
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="s+KSW/27wTSZixDUfRQW/Hgtpzc=">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</latexit>
1 dt 1
0
Z +1 Z +1
dx(t)
e st
dt = s x(t)e st
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="J7ZuGFfm4FO/uBD7qJhFJHrO7Wc=">AAAC1nicnVJLa9wwEJadPtLtI9v02IvoEkgpu9hJoL0kBHrpMaHdZMF2Flke74rIspHGpUY4h5TSa39bb/0R/Q/RbnzIqxA6IObTN0/NKK2kMBgEfzx/5cHDR49Xn/SePnv+Yq3/cv3IlLXmMOalLPUkZQakUDBGgRImlQZWpBKO09OPC/vxV9BGlOoLNhUkBZspkQvO0FHT/t+NWCic2qFTOTbtiX3XIRrnmnGbfdvEt63NsKVwYofG6Qx3owXb3ZO7ooexhByjofln+isZXEYaazGbY9L7r3buW2XaHwSjYCn0Ngg7MCCdHEz7v+Os5HUBCrlkxkRhUGFimUbBJbS9uDZQMX7KZhA5qFgBJrHLtbR0wzEZzUvtjkK6ZK9GWFYY0xSp8ywYzs1N24K8yxbVmH9IrFBVjaD4ZaG8lhRLutgxzYQGjrJxgHEtXK+Uz5kbH7qf0HNDCG8++TY42hqF26Otw53B/l43jlXymrwhmyQk78k++UQOyJhw77PXeOfed3/in/k//J+Xrr7Xxbwi18T/dQF6KecF</latexit>
1 dt 1
Z +1
dx(t)
e st
dt = sX(s)
<latexit sha1_base64="gVt/O7EIuDgSUiYx5uHd80Dt6fY=">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</latexit>
1 dt
Propiedades: derivada (TL UNILATERA)
Z +1  Z +1
dx(t)
e st
dt = [x(t)e ]0
st +1
s x(t)e st
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="fuo2B/UwH+HaJt0qWpXUfxXVNjU=">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</latexit>
0 dt 0
-‐x(0)
Z +1
dx(t)
e st
dt = sX(s) x(0)
<latexit sha1_base64="PnFyTfzuaGllYjtmAv9QCkGw0PA=">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</latexit>
0 dt
IMPORTANTE CUANDO SE USAN CONDICIONES INICIALES (no

nulas)… en las ecuaciones diferenciales !
Propiedades (mas generales)
k
d X(s)
t x(t) () ( 1)
k k
<latexit sha1_base64="ls2KKw+UOCN4Bb8KZEqRK2Z0BYw=">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</latexit>
dsk
dk x(t) Bilatera
k
k
() s X(s)
<latexit sha1_base64="7r9EZyS6haQirs8yNHH88PJtu3c=">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</latexit>
dt
dk x(t)
k
()s k
X(s) sk 1
x(0) s x (0)
k 2 (1)
sk 3 (2)
x (0)+
dt
<latexit sha1_base64="gIs5WVNlSjcRsxHf0jgs5fPBWbQ=">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</latexit>
... sx(k 2) (0) x(k 1) (0)
k
Unilatera
d x(t)
x (k)
(0) =
<latexit sha1_base64="UiLd0NxYqPYm8FnJ7lNuWsYp74A=">AAAD3HiclVPLbtNAFJ3EPIp5NIUlmxFRKkeVLTtFAhaRKrFhwaJIpA2K7WgyHicjPzUzhkaDxYYFCLHlw9jxG3wB40ekpg2LjmT53nPvuY/j8SKPKRe2/afT1W7dvnN3755+/8HDR/u9g8dnPCsYJhOcxRmbLhAnMU3JRFARk2nOCEoWMTlfRK+r+PlHwjjN0vdinRMvQcuUhhQjoaD5QefvhS+NaFga9nDsxiQUFnRDhrAMfBmV8MIQw1IGwo9Kl9HlSnyeSzG2S30gqngVhu7bLF1W1DoBMZZ9gobpDP1oq9TU4FUprkrpg/812VlMUWr2DWmHG57JVb7pqGntoQlrZ1RWezv13i10XEOjGjqCrntoWZbJa3nMBjUbp2HpA5emYi7t0pdHygzFutyMt5mshMSXJlfvQIxnFdr63jbPrJWfmXxHyUssVQU2X8G7cXfeKFFJMO/1bcuuD7xuOK3RB+05nfd+u0GGi4SkAseI85lj58KTiAmKY1LqbsFJjnCElmSmzBQlhHuyvpwlHCgkgGHG1JMKWKOXGRIlnK+ThcpMkFjxq7EK3BWbFSJ86Uma5oUgKW4ahUUMRQarmw4DyggW8VoZCDOqZoV4hZRCQv0PuhLBubrydeNsZDnH1ujd8/7Jq1aOPfAUPAMGcMALcALegFMwAbj7oful+637XfO1r9oP7WeT2u20nCdg62i//gGl/TuP</latexit>
dtk t=0
Propiedades (mas generales)
d2 x(t) 2 Bilatera
2
() s X(s)
<latexit sha1_base64="5yPSNMgkWZOZ9cNKN4MCfCNMHS0=">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</latexit>
dt
d2 x(t)
()s2
X(s) sx(0) x(1) (0) Unilatera
<latexit sha1_base64="3fzp0tyf4RIka0hoYAXkDXBKzcY=">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</latexit>
dt 2
dx(t)
(1)
x (0) =
<latexit sha1_base64="awXt52ybgpElvZU8a8QzhfFn1yU=">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</latexit>
dt t=0
Recordar que ya habíamos visto:
dx(t)
()sX(s) x(0) Unilatera
<latexit sha1_base64="ZWNAP7KWIVwZfyDzjD0cT9LSIEg=">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</latexit>
dt
Propiedades (Unilatera)
Propiedades (Unilatera)
Valen tambien
para la Bilatera
Ejemplo Transformadas
1
te at
u(t) =) Cual es la ROC?
<latexit sha1_base64="voMeHFZzpomw+JNYMqcp5SEM8mE=">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</latexit>
(s a)2
tk 1 1
e at
u(t) =)
<latexit sha1_base64="AicwEbd6glwjrk4eeR6Y+i3Tczc=">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</latexit>
(k 1)! (s a)k
Se pueden demostrar usando una

de las propiedades anteriores
1 ROC: semi-‐plano posi<vo >0

u(t) =) <latexit sha1_base64="VFm9REmKRdeULPTkEGvLD2xvs9o=">AAAFM3iclVTLbtNAFHWbACW8WliyGahaJaps2S4SsCiqxAYkFkWiDymOo8lknIziR+S5hkRm/okNP8ICCbEAIbb8A9djt3k0CHUky3fOnXPOvdeP3jgUEmz729p6rX7t+o2Nm41bt+/cvbe5df9EJlnK+DFLwiQ961HJQxHzYxAQ8rNxymnUC/lpb/SyyJ++56kUSfwOpmPeieggFoFgFBDqbtVee1IMIvrCbuwA93OTgiJZE1rEe5PEg1QMhkDTNPlAvCClLHdU3pQmbfmuauyUEPj5yHQUJvDWeqSuojJClf8clHhk4qN4SzXt1oEX8gCsKt1Ha0UmyFd5H1DN0wofuzkc2MgrSlOTC/mCOmfRxHL90YLUWVMWUrIs7CLjzplgvEpM+q5mz9MWayM4sBXEXTTTTFOWg5xgmybRG1cVnTu68wra15CroT3iebuWZZlSD8gsUbPclKwrdrF73gZKas+Z/0zpQuVfGqXCRJNmAkuPbqay9NA8EUM3t5Wf72EYwFSdU2a+xTsm8d6Hg3aBVvvOIs/Ujm1TrpCcY6EKKWvoXNl9rtfu5rZt2XqRy4FTBdtGtY66m1+8fsKyiMfAQipl27HH0MlpCoKFXDW8TPIxZSM64G0MYxpx2cn1N6/IDiJ9EiQpXjEQjc4zchpJOY16eDKiMJTLuQJclWtnEDzr5CIeZ8BjVhoFWUggIcUPhPRFyhmEUwwoSwXWStiQ4oQAfzMNHIKz3PLl4MS1nH3Lfftk+/B5NY4N46Hx2GgajvHUODReGUfGscFqn2pfaz9qP+uf69/rv+q/y6PraxXngbGw6n/+AsAdsjc=</latexit>
s
<latexit sha1_base64="CcSrqz4zgqZ+MJ0Xw73pqwvE2WU=">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</latexit>
<latexit sha1_base64="mnQ0tJ5kQH11S4QYrB2pzTC7vu4=">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</latexit>
(t) =) 1 ROC: todo el plano !!!
Z +1
(t)e st
dt = e s0
=1
<latexit sha1_base64="tZRPh93F356eu2q6DGpqIKf4jE4=">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</latexit>
1
Pensad a Fourier: por esto se necesitaba de una T. De
1 =) No existe!
<latexit sha1_base64="kITLDd00nxntUITyzp4VdqkTicg=">AAAFkniclVTbbtNAEHXbhJZwaQu88bKlSpWosmW7IBBSQlFfeKhQkehFiuNoY69TK75E3jE4Mvs/fA9v/A3jtcmtQaiWLM+e2XPOzHi1w0ngc9D13xubW7X6g+2dh41Hj5883d3bf3bF4zRx2KUTB3FyM6ScBX7ELsGHgN1MEkbDYcCuh+OzIn/9jSXcj6OvMJ2wfkhHke/5DgWEBvtbP5uWH8EgV/HjwVTY+XEVEctlAdAWtAmzc5WDcKFThkQXpGM0DOs8jkaJP7oFmiTxd2KFwzjLP8eEZVg6OxCNpsX9UUi7eqMJBZWCIGkheYfqJdTJDZG3uErbtllQJQR2PlYNgQn8tA/EfVTGqPKfjRy3ZDaKt0VLb3esgHmgVWkXrQXJkC9yF1DNkgo/Bjl0dOQVpYlsJl9QFyxaWK49XpK6afFCipeFzTLmggnG68S4bUr2Im25NoIDW0M8QjPJVHk5yAzbVIlcmKLo3JCdV9CJhEwJHRPLOtI0TeVyQGqJquWiZN2zi6O/baCk9Jz7z5VmKv/SKBUySZoLrPy6ucrKTyuPu7500EvK3Lc67wQPfK9Aq3V/madKx57K10gusFCFlDX07+2+0Otg71DXdPmQu4FRBYdK9VwM9n5ZbuykIYvACSjnPUOfQD+nCfhOwETDSjmbUGdMR6yHYURDxvu5vFIEaSLiEi9O8I2ASHSRkdOQ82k4xJ0hhVu+mivAdbleCt67fu5HkxRY5JRGXhoQiElxPxHXT5gDwRQD6iQ+1kqcW4oTArzFGjgEY7Xlu8GVqRknmvnl9eFptxrHjvJSeaW0FEN5q5wqn5QL5VJxaru1N7Vu7UP9Rf19/WP9rNy6uVFxnitLT/38D6jgztk=</latexit>
Fourier “Generalizada” que “fuerza” la matema<ca….
Lo que existe es la transformada del escalón:

1 ROC: semi-‐plano posi<vo >0
u(t) =) <latexit sha1_base64="VFm9REmKRdeULPTkEGvLD2xvs9o=">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</latexit>
s
<latexit sha1_base64="CcSrqz4zgqZ+MJ0Xw73pqwvE2WU=">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</latexit>
cos( t) =) No existe!
<latexit sha1_base64="rvx0Me/knlCS6R1Ke3ZSU3T1qaU=">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</latexit>
Pensad a Fourier: por esto se necesitaba de una T. De
Fourier “Generalizada” que “fuerza” la matema<ca….
sin( t) =) No existe! <latexit sha1_base64="c4xv4Kebgag2TlVzh2ec3xDN49E=">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</latexit>
s
cos( t)u(t) =) 2
s + 2 Incluso estas dos con la
definición de T. de Fourier no
<latexit sha1_base64="oLJ1suqrs3edGWTDGW4DwkBKR/k=">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</latexit>
existen… por esto se necesitaba

de una T. De Fourier
sin( t)u(t) =) “Generalizada” que “fuerza” la
<latexit sha1_base64="Nas4XMa0biiDF894a1U/8Dd3sGw=">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</latexit>
s2 + 2
matema<ca….
Polos imaginarios
puros…. Que pasa con la
ROC?
Ecuaciones diferenciales -‐ Sistemas LTI
N
X k M
X Hay que tener en cuenta las
d y(t) dm x(t)
ak k
= bm m
condiciones iniciales
dt m=0
dt
k=0
<latexit sha1_base64="bmZid9knrQqMt34B4Q7MW6RFWN4=">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</latexit>
T. LAPLACE (BILATERA): (Si las condiciones iniciales son nulas, es lo mismo
bilatera o unilatera)
N
X M
X
ak sk Y (s) = bm sm X(s)
k=0
<latexit sha1_base64="2G5vaEDjJ4xs9RHcRFuXsygobH4=">AAACdnicbVFNS8NAEN3E7/pV9SSCLJZivZREBb0oghcvioLVSlvDZrPRJbtJ2J2IJeQn+Oe8+Tu8eHTTFtHWgYW38968nZ3xU8E1OM6HZU9Nz8zOzS9UFpeWV1ara+t3OskUZS2aiES1faKZ4DFrAQfB2qliRPqC3fvRecnfvzCleRLfQj9lPUmeYh5ySsCkvOpbvasz6eXRiVM8XmHiRd1QEZoHj3lU4H4D9oo8gPJSnAyVslReYt+TP0pZ4NcfpSyKyrgn1gO7h4bem3ApOWPQNlzFq9acpjMIPAncEaihUVx71fdukNBMshioIFp3XCeFXk4UcCqYaSTTLCU0Ik+sY2BMJNO9fDC2AtdNJsBhosyJAQ+yvytyIrXuS98oJYFnPc6Vyf+4TgbhcS/ncZoBi+nwoTATGBJc7gAHXDEKom8AoYqbXjF9JmaYYDZVDsEd//IkuNtvugfN/ZvD2tnpaBzzaAvtoAZy0RE6QxfoGrUQRZ/WprVj1awve9uu27tDqW2NajbQn7Cdb2lVvnk=</latexit>
m=0
N
! M
!
X X
<latexit sha1_base64="8jQTNoWcrdkM85o3dN+pzrQ6OmE=">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</latexit>
k=0 m=0
Ecuaciones diferenciales -‐ Sistemas LTI
T. LAPLACE (BILATERA):
N
X M
X
k=0
<latexit sha1_base64="2G5vaEDjJ4xs9RHcRFuXsygobH4=">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</latexit>
m=0
N
! M
!
X X
<latexit sha1_base64="8jQTNoWcrdkM85o3dN+pzrQ6OmE=">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</latexit>
k=0 m=0
PM
Y (s) b
m=0 m s m
H(s) = = PN
X(s) a
k=0 k sk
<latexit sha1_base64="I6JP0r4b+Xh7eamN75aORqun7oM=">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</latexit>
Estabilidad de la salida de un sistema LTI
•  La salida y(t) de un sistema LTI es estable (en
sen<do causal, es decir “mirando hacia +Inf”)
si la salida y(t) no “explota”, no diverge a +Inf
o –Inf, cuando t <ende a +Inf.
•  Un sistema LTI es estable (mirando hacia

+Inf”) si cuando la entrada x(t) es acotada, la
salida y(t) tambien será acotada para todo los
t entre [t_inicial, +Inf), donde t_inicial valor
finito.
Estabilidad “mirando hacia +Inf”
h(t) =0 para t <0
•  los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma<=0
j!
La ROC será hacia la derecha, dado que
estamos hablando de sistemas causales
v
v
•  H(s): Laplace de h(t)

Respecto a h(t):
de H(s)
Esto vale para sistemas causales y

an<-‐causales
Para un sistema causal …
Estabilidad en el caso de an<-‐causalidad
•  los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma>=0
j!
La ROC será hacia la izquierda, dado que estamos
hablando de sistemas an<-‐causales
v
v
•  Salida y(t) acotada “mirando hacia –Inf”

Ejemplo: An<-‐transformar sin conocer la ROC
(en este caso

estariamos
considerando la
bilatera….)
TENEMOS 3 POSIBLES señales x(t) !!

Primera posibilidad:
Considerando la
Laplace
Unilatera esta
seria la unica
solución….
Esta señal NO

<ene
transformada de
Fourier!!!
Segunda posibilidad:
Esta señal <ene

transformada de Nota que esta
Fourier!!! señal no
diverge…
El integral de la Transformada Fourier <ene solución, converge, la TF existe….
Tercera posibilidad:
Esta señal NO

<ene
transformada de
Fourier!!!
Ejemplo: An<-‐transformar
pero considerando la definición de Laplace Unilatera
Seria “4 por….”

Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otros Ejemplos
Otro Ejemplo
Ejemplo: encontrar respuesta al impulso
•  Ejemplo:
ÿ(t) + 3ẏ(t) + 2y(t) = 2ẋ(t) + x(t)
(con cond. Iniciales nulas)
Polinomio caracterís<co
s2 + 3s + 2 = 0
Las raíces son -‐1, -‐2, entonces:
yo (t) = Ae t
+ Be 2t
Ejemplo: respuesta al impulso
•  Queremos resolver:
ÿ(t) + 3ẏ(t) + 2y(t) = 2 ˙ (t) + (t)

con cond. Iniciales nulas

Con Laplace
Unilatera o bilatera no importa, porque las condiciones
iniciales son nulas:
s Y (s) + 3sY (s) + 2Y (s) = 2s + 1

2
(s + 3s + 2)H(s) = 2s + 1
2
2s + 1
H(s) = 2
s + 3s + 2
Con Laplace
Tenemos que an<-‐trasformar
2s
2s +11 A B
H(s)== 22
H(s) = +
ss ++3s
3s++22 s + 1 s + 2
A(s + 2) + B(s + 1)
H(s) =
(s + 1)(s + 2)
(A + B)s + 2A + B
H(s) =
(s + 1)(s + 2) <latexit sha1_base64="(null)">(null)</latexit>
A+B =2 A= 1
2A + B = 1
B=3
Con Laplace
Tenemos que an<-‐trasformar
1 3
H(s) = +
(s + 1) (s + 2)
h(t) =
<latexit sha1_base64="PCEKtJUM/wj7SVN/e+qTpClvGyo=">AAACB3icbZDLSgMxFIYz9VbrbdSlIMEiVKRlphV0IxTduKxgL9DWkknTNjRzITkjlGF2bnwVNy4UcesruPNtzLSz0NYfAl/+cw7J+Z1AcAWW9W1klpZXVtey67mNza3tHXN3r6H8UFJWp77wZcshignusTpwEKwVSEZcR7CmM75O6s0HJhX3vTuYBKzrkqHHB5wS0FbPPBwV4OSyyO6jIsSh5tNKwmWIcXLrmXmrZE2FF8FOIY9S1XrmV6fv09BlHlBBlGrbVgDdiEjgVLA41wkVCwgdkyFra/SIy1Q3mu4R42Pt9PHAl/p4gKfu74mIuEpNXEd3ugRGar6WmP/V2iEMLroR94IQmEdnDw1CgcHHSSi4zyWjICYaCJVc/xXTEZGEgo4up0Ow51dehEa5ZFdK5duzfPUqjSOLDtARKiAbnaMqukE1VEcUPaJn9IrejCfjxXg3PmatGSOd2Ud/ZHz+ALlDl04=</latexit>
e u(t) + 3e
t 2t
u(t)
h(t) =
e t
+ 3e 2t
t
0
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo
Otro Ejemplo

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Transformada

• Primera forma de expresar la salida en función

• La equivalencia perfecta se da cuando las

con condiciones iniciales

a veces se escribe ası́ tambien

PARA EXPRESAR LA SALIDA y(t), y[n] EN EL TIEMPO,

Por que pasamos a un

Luego vamos a explicar porque el primer punto es interesante.

Vamos a considerar la bilatera:

Para cada s en esta región existe X(s) y vale 1/(s+a)

Para cada s en esta región existe X(s) y vale 1/(s+a)

NO EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

Vamos a considerar la bilatera:

Para cada s en esta región existe X(s) y vale 1/(s+a)

NO EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

EXISTE LA TRANSFORMADA DE

Tienen misma transformada! Pero diferentes ROC!

• Es decir, con la relación entre la TL bilatera X(s)

• Necesitamos la información de la ROC,

• Esta deﬁnición <ene sen<do solo para señales

Y con a>0 existe

ROC: a < < a

• POLOS: todos los valores de s tal que

• Ceros: todos los valores de s tal que

• la ROC no con<ene polos.

• la ROC no con<ene polos.

• Si la señal x(t) es de duración ﬁnita y existe por

conozcamos) para que existe la TL, entonces

• Si la señal x(t) es an<-­‐causal: la ROC está a la

• Si la señal x(t) esta formado por una parte

Un cero (k=1) se va

ROC: TODO EL PLANO !!!

! en general, vamos usar otros métodos para

“Doble ﬂecha”, porque se

IMPORTANTE CUANDO SE USAN CONDICIONES INICIALES (no

Se pueden demostrar usando una

1 ROC: semi-­‐plano posi<vo >0

Fourier “Generalizada” que “fuerza” la matema<ca….

Lo que existe es la transformada del escalón:

existen… por esto se necesitaba

• Un sistema LTI es estable (mirando hacia

• los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma<=0

• H(s): Laplace de h(t)

Esto vale para sistemas causales y

• los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma>=0

• Salida y(t) acotada “mirando hacia –Inf”

(en este caso

TENEMOS 3 POSIBLES señales x(t) !!

Esta señal NO

Esta señal <ene

Esta señal NO

Seria “4 por….”

(con cond. Iniciales nulas)

Las raíces son -­‐1, -­‐2, entonces:

ÿ(t) + 3ẏ(t) + 2y(t) = 2 ˙ (t) + (t)

con cond. Iniciales nulas

s Y (s) + 3sY (s) + 2Y (s) = 2s + 1

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•  Primera forma de expresar la salida en función

•  La equivalencia perfecta se da cuando las

•  Es decir, con la relación entre la TL bilatera X(s)

•  Necesitamos la información de la ROC,

•  Esta deﬁnición <ene sen<do solo para señales

•  POLOS: todos los valores de s tal que

•  Ceros: todos los valores de s tal que

•  la ROC no con<ene polos.

•  la ROC no con<ene polos.

•  Si la señal x(t) es de duración ﬁnita y existe por

•  Si la señal x(t) es an<-‐causal: la ROC está a la

•  Si la señal x(t) esta formado por una parte

!  en general, vamos usar otros métodos para

1 ROC: semi-‐plano posi<vo >0

•  Un sistema LTI es estable (mirando hacia

•  los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma<=0

•  H(s): Laplace de h(t)

•  los polos de H(s) <ene que tener sigma>=0

•  Salida y(t) acotada “mirando hacia –Inf”

Las raíces son -‐1, -‐2, entonces: