Práctica 1

Ecuaciones Diferenciales ordinarias de variables separables

1. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥. 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑦. 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥. 𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑦. 𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑐𝑡𝑔2 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝐶

𝑑𝑦
2. √1 + 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥 2 R. 2√1 + 𝑥 3 = 3 ln(𝑦 + 1) + 𝐶

3. 𝑒 2𝑥−𝑦 𝑑𝑥+. 𝑒 𝑦−2𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑒 4𝑥 + 2𝑒 2𝑦 = 𝐶

𝑑𝑦 (𝑦−1)(𝑥−2)(𝑦+3)
4. = (𝑥−1)(𝑦−2)(𝑥+3) R. (𝑥 − 1)(𝑦 + 5)5 = 𝑘(𝑦 − 1)(𝑥 + 3)5
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 −𝑥𝑦−𝑥+𝑦
5. 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑥𝑦−𝑦 2
R. 𝑦 2 = (𝑥 − 1)2 𝑘

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
6. 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥+𝑦+2 R. 𝑦 + ln|𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1| = 𝑥 + 𝐶

𝑑𝑦 1
7. 𝑑𝑥 = ln(2𝑥+𝑦+3)+1 − 2 R. (2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3) ln(2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3) = 𝑥 + 𝐶

8. (3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 3)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 5(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝐶) = 2 ln|15𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 11|

Ecuaciones homogéneas

1. 𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ = 4𝑥 2 + 7𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 R. 𝑥 2 (𝑦 + 2𝑥) = 𝐶(𝑦 + 𝑥)

2. 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 − (𝑦 3 + 𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥 = 0 R. 𝑦 3 = 𝑥 3 (3𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝐶)

𝑦 𝑦
3. (2𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( ) + 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑑𝑦 R. 𝑥 2 = 𝐶𝑠𝑒𝑛 ( )
𝑥 𝑥

𝑦3
4. 𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(3𝑦 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 2𝑦 2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑥 2 ) + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 = 𝐶𝑦 2

5. (3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥𝑦 + 5𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − (4𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 ; 𝑦(0) = −6 R. 3𝑥 4 + 4(𝑦 2 + 3𝑥 − 3𝑥 2 ) =

Ecuaciones diferenciales exactas (1-5) Factor integrante (6-10)

1. (3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (6𝑥 2 𝑦 + 4𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 𝑦 4 = 𝐶

2. (𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 𝐶

3. (𝑦 + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐

4. (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑦 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑦 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑦 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑦 = 𝐶

5. (𝑥 3 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 + 𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 + 4𝑥𝑦 3 + 4𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 = 𝐶

6. (3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. (3𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 )𝑒 3𝑥 = 𝐶

7. 𝑦(4𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 2(𝑥 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑙𝑛|𝑦| = 𝐶𝑦

8. (2𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 + 6𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥 2 (𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 + 2𝑥) = 𝐶

9. 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 − 2𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑦 − 2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 𝐶

10. 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑦 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 𝐶

Ecuaciones lineales de primer orden(1-5) Ecuaciones Diferenciales de Bernoulli (6-10)

𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥 𝑥2 1
1. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥+1 𝑦 = 1 − 𝑥 2 R. 𝑦 = 1 + 2 − 2
+ 𝐶 (1 + 𝑥)

2. (𝑥 2 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 3 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 R. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1 + 𝐶√𝑥 2 + 1

3. 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0 R. 4𝑥 3 𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 𝐶𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝑥

4. (𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 𝑦(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥) = 𝐶 + 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

3𝑥 2
5. 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = (2𝑦 + 3𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 R. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 [ 2
+ 𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝐶]

3
6. 3𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 = 2𝑥 4 𝑦 4 R. 𝑥 −3 𝑦 −3 + 𝑥 2 = 𝐶
𝑥

1
7. 8𝑥𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 = − 𝑦3 R. 𝑦 4 = 𝐶 √𝑥 + √𝑥 + 1
√𝑥+1

8. 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 𝑦 4 − 3𝑥)𝑑𝑦 = 0 R. 7𝑦 3 = 𝑥(𝑦 7 + 𝐶)

2 2 2
9. 𝑦 3 𝑦 ′ + 𝑥𝑦 4 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 R. 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑦 4 = 2𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶

10. 2𝑦𝑑𝑥 = (𝑥 2 𝑦 4 + 𝑥)𝑑𝑦 , 𝑦(1) = 1 R. 10𝑥 = (9 + 𝑥𝑦 4 )𝑦1/2