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DOCENTE : I NG GERMAN
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EJERCI CI O I
kg kg kg
DATOS fy ≔ 2800 ―― f'c ≔ 210 ―― modulo de rotura : fr ≔ 31 ――
cm 2 cm 2 cm 2
(resistencia de rotura de flexion)
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EJERCI CI O I I
kg
fy ≔ 4200 ――
cm 2
kg
f'c ≔ 280 ――
cm 2
_________________________________________________________________________________________
EJERCI CI O I I I
Determinar el area de acero, para el momento dado para la seccion de viga que se muestra
Mr ≔ 1840000 kg - cm
kg
f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2
kg
fy ≔ 2800 ――
cm 2
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
SOLUCI ON
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EJERCI CI O I
DATOS
kg
fy ≔ 2800 ―― Mo ≔ 5.5 tonne ⋅ m Mo = 550000 kg ⋅ cm
cm 2
h ≔ 65 cm
kg
f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2 d ≔ 59 cm
kg
fr ≔ 31 ―― b ≔ 25 cm
cm 2
SECCI ON TRANSFORMADA
para un concreto no agrietado
⎛ 2 ⎞
⎜ π ⋅ ((2.54 cm) ⎟
3 ϕ 1" > As ≔ 3 ⋅ ―――――= 15.201 cm 2 ok
⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠
kg
Es ≔ 2000000 ―― Ec ≔ 15000 ⋅ ‾‾‾
f'c
cm 2
modulo de rotura
kg
2000000 ―― ((n - 1)) ⋅ As
Es cm 2
n ≔ ―― n ≔ ――――――― = 9.201 n≔9
Ec kg
15000 ⋅ ‾‾‾
210 ⋅ ――
cm 2
yc = 34.34 cm ok
Momento de I nercia
2
b ⋅ ((h)) 3 ⎛ h⎞
It ≔ ――― + b ⋅ h ⋅ ⎜yc - ―⎟ + (n - 1) ⋅ As ⋅ (ys)
2
12 ⎝ 2⎠
3 2
25 cm ⋅ ((65 cm)) ⎛ 65 cm ⎞ 2
It ≔ ―――――― + 25 cm ⋅ 65 cm ⋅ ⎜34.34 cm - ――― ⎟ + ((9 - 1)) ⋅ 15.20 cm ⋅ ((24.66 cm))
2
12 ⎝ 2 ⎠
It = 651583.874 cm 4 ok
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
Esfuerzos
⎛ kg ⎞ kg
fs ≔ n ⋅ fcs >>>>> fs ≔ 9 ⋅ ⎜20.815 ―― ⎟ >>>>> fs = 187.335 ―― ok
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ cm 2
Verificando
∑ MC = ∑ MT
kd
b ⋅ kd ⋅ ― = n ⋅ As ⋅ ((d - kd)
2
2 ⋅ n ⋅ As 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As ⋅ d
((kd)) 2 + ―――⋅ ((kd)) - ―――― = 0
b b
2 2
⎛ ⎛ n ⋅ As ⎞⎞ ⎛ n ⋅ As ⎞ 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As ⋅ d
⎜kd + ⎜――⎟⎟ - ⎜――⎟ - ―――― = 0
⎝ ⎝ b ⎠⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ b (n) ⋅ As
despejando kd
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ n ⋅ As ⎞ 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As ⋅ d ⎛ n ⋅ As ⎞
kd ≔ ⎜――⎟ + ―――― - ⎜――⎟
⎝ b ⎠ b ⎝ b ⎠
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
⎛ 9 ⋅ ⎛⎝15.20 cm 2 ⎞⎠ ⎞ 2 ⋅ ((9)) ⋅ ⎛⎝15.20 cm 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ((59 cm)) 9 ⋅ ⎛⎝15.20 cm 2 ⎞⎠
kd ≔ ⎜―――――⎟ + ―――――――――― - ―――――= 20.521 cm
⎝ 25 cm ⎠ 25 cm 25 cm
kd = 20.521 cm ok
b ⋅ ((kd))
3 2
Ita ≔ ―――+ n ⋅ As ⋅ (d - kd)
3
3
25 cm ⋅ (20.521 cm) 2
Ita ≔ ―――――――+ 9 ⋅ ⎛⎝15.20 cm 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ ((59 cm - 20.521 cm))
3
Ita = 274564.22 cm 4
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
Esfuerzo maximo
kg kg
como : fy ≔ 2800 ―― < 4200 ―― entonces : fsmax ≔ 0.50 ⋅ fy
cm 2 cm 2
kg ⎛ kg ⎞ kg
fs = 1387.44 ―― <= fsmax ≔ 0.50 ⋅ ⎜2800 ―― 2 ⎟
= 1400 ――
cm 2 ⎝ cm ⎠ cm 2
Mo ⋅ kd
fccmax ≔ ――― fccmax ≔ 0.45 ⋅ f'c Mr ≔ Mo
Ita
Mr = 1264378.87 kg ⋅ cm ok
Mr = 12.644 tonne ⋅ m ok
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
yc = 34.34 cm kd = 20.52 cm
h - yc = 30.655 cm h - kd = 44.479 cm
kg kg
fs ≔ 187.335 ―― fs = 187.335 ――
cm 2 cm 2
kg kg
fct = 25.88 ―― fccmax = 94.5 ――
cm 2 cm 2
It = 651583.874 cm 4 Ita = 274564.22 cm 4
> > como podemos observar los resultados el eje neutro y las grietas han avanzado hacia
arriba de 30.66cm a 44.48cm . en 44.48cm - 30.66cm = 13.82cm
> > los esfuerzos del acero han crecido de fs = 187.335 kg/ cm2 a fs = 1387.44kg/ cm2
casi 7 veces
> > los esfuerzos maximos de compresion en el concreto han crecido casi 3 veces de
fct= 25.88 kg/ cm2 a fccmax = 88.22kg/ cm2
> > el momento de inercia de la seccion efectiva a disminuido de It= 651583.874 cm4
a Ita= 274564.22 cm4
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
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EJERCI CI O I I
kg kg
fy ≔ 4200 ―― f'c ≔ 280 ――
cm 2 cm 2
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solucion :
a
Mu ⋅ ―
2
fu ≔ ―――
Ib
1 - Cuantia
As 25 cm 2
ρ ≔ ―― ρ ≔ ―――――
b⋅d 30 cm ⋅ 45 cm
ρ = 0.019 ok
2 - Bloque cortante ( a)
⎛ kg ⎞
⎜4200 ―― ⎟ ⋅ 45 cm
fy ⋅ d ⎝ cm 2 ⎠
a ≔ ρ ⋅ ――― a ≔ 0.019 ⋅ ――――――― a = 15.088 cm
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⎛ kg ⎞
0.85 ⋅ ⎜280 ―― ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
C= T ⎛ kg ⎞
25 cm 2 ⋅ ⎜4200 ―― ⎟
As ⋅ fy ⎝ cm 2 ⎠
a' ≔ ―――― a' ≔ ―――――――― a' = 14.706 cm
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⎛ kg ⎞
0.85 ⋅ ⎜280 ―― ⎟ ⋅ 30 cm
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
a ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
acero As ≔ ―――――
recalculado: fy
⎛ kg ⎞
(15.088 cm) ⋅ (0.85) ⋅ ⎜280 ―― ⎟ ⋅ (30 cm)
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
As ≔ ―――――――――――――
⎛ kg ⎞
⎜4200 ―― ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
As = 25.65 cm 2
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
3 - Momento nominal
⎛ a⎞ ⎛ kg ⎞ ⎛ 15.088 cm ⎞
Mn ≔ As ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟ Mn ≔ 25.65 cm 2 ⋅ ⎜4200 ―― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜ 45 cm - ―――― ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ cm 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
Mn = 4035134.88 kg ⋅ cm ok
⎛ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞
Mn' ≔ b ⋅ d 2 ⋅ fy ⋅ ρ ⋅ ⎜1 - ――― ⎟
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f'c ⎠
⎛ ⎛ kg ⎞ ⎞
⎜ 0.019 ⋅ ⎜4200 ―― ⎟⎟
2 ⎛ kg ⎞ cm 2 ⎠ ⎟
⎜ ⎝
Mn' ≔ 30 cm ⋅ ((45 cm)) ⋅ ⎜4200 ―― ⎟ ⋅ ((0.019)) ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――――――
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ ⎛ kg ⎞ ⎟
⎜ 1.7 ⋅ ⎜280 ―― ⎟ ⎟
⎝ ⎝ cm 2 ⎠ ⎠
Mn' = 4035122.206 kg ⋅ cm ok
4 - Momento Ultimo
Mu ≔ 0.90 ⋅ Mn'
5 - Resistencia Ultima
a ⎛ 15.088 cm ⎞
Mu ⋅ ― (3631609.985 kg ⋅ cm) ⋅ ⎜―――― ⎟
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ kg
fu ≔ ――― fu ≔ ―――――――――――― fu = 82.613 ―― ok
Ib 3
cm 2
30 cm ⋅ ((45 cm + 6 cm))
――――――――
12
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
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EJERCI CI O I I I
Determinar el area de acero, para el momento dado para la seccion de viga que se muestra
Mr ≔ 1840000 kg ⋅ cm
kg
f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2
kg
fy ≔ 2800 ――
cm 2
As= ????
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SOLUCI ON:
1 - Bloque cortante ( a)
a ⋅ ((0.85)) ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
>>>>>>> As ≔ ――――― I
fy
⎛ a⎞ Mn
Mn ≔ As ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟ >>>>>>> As ≔ ―――― II
⎝ 2⎠ ⎛ a⎞
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠
2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ Mn Mu
a≔d- d 2 - ―――― III pero: Mn ≔ ―― ϕ ≔ 0.90
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b 0.90
1840000 kg ⋅ cm
Mu ≔ Mr = 1840000 kg ⋅ cm Mn ≔ ―――――― = 2044444.444 kg ⋅ cm
0.90
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 ⋅ (2044444.444 kg ⋅ cm)
a ≔ 51.80 cm - ((51.80 cm)) - ――――――――― = 9.765 cm a = 9.765 cm
⎛ kg ⎞
0.85 ⋅ ⎜210 ―― ⎟ ⋅ ((25 cm))
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ALUMNO: Condezo Apac, Ruben
a ⋅ ((0.85)) ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
> As ≔ ―――――
fy
⎛ kg ⎞
((9.765 cm)) ⋅ ((0.85)) ⋅ ⎜210 ―― ⋅ ((25 cm))
2 ⎟
⎝ cm ⎠
As ≔ ―――――――――――――= 15.563 cm 2 ok
kg
2800 ――
cm 2
Mn
> As ≔ ――――
⎛ a⎞
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠