PRESENT SIMPLE

Para conjugar el presente simple usamos el infinitivo para los sujetos “I”, “you”, “we” y “they” y para
las terceras personas “he”, “she” y “it”, añadimos un “-s” al final del verbo.

I, you, we, they talk, eat, learn, do, go…

he, she, it talks, eats, learns, does, goes…

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo.
I talk. (Yo hablo.)
He eats. (Él come.)
They learn. (Ellos aprenden.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + auxiliar negativo (“not”) + verbo.

I do not [don’t] talk. (Yo no hablo.)

He does not [doesn’t] eat. (Él no come.)
They do not [don’t] learn. (Ellos no aprenden.)

Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar (“to do”) cambia y el verbo principal va en el infinitivo.

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal?
Do you talk? (¿Hablas tú?)
Does he eat? (¿Come él?)
Do they learn? (¿Aprenden ellos?)
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Para formar el presente continuo se utiliza el verbo auxiliar “to be” y el gerundio (infinitivo + “-ing”) del
verbo.

Auxiliar Gerundio
Sujeto
(to be)
I am
talking, eating, learning, doing, going…
he, she, it is
you, we, they are

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + gerundio.

I’m talking. (Estoy hablando.)

He’s eating. (Está comiendo.)
They’re learning. (Están aprendiendo.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + auxiliar negativo (not) + gerundio.

I’m not talking. (No estoy hablando.)

He’s not [He isn’t] eating. (No está comiendo.)

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Verbo auxiliar (to be) + sujeto + gerundio?

Are you talking? (¿Estás hablando?)

Is he eating? (¿Está comiendo?)
Are they learning? (¿Están aprendiendo?)
 PAST SIMPLE
Para formar el pasado simple con verbos regulares, usamos el infinitivo y añadimos la terminación “-ed”. La forma es
la misma para todas las personas (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

want → wanted

learn → learned

Nota: Hay muchos verbos irregulares en inglés. Desafortunadamente, no hay una norma establecida para formarlos.
A continuación tienes los tres verbos irregulares más comunes y los que actúan como verbos auxiliares.

Verb Past simple

was (I, he, she, it)

be
were (you, we, they)
do did
have had

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas) Sujeto + verbo principal…

The keys were in the drawer. (Las llaves estaban en el cajón.)

I wanted to dance. (Quería bailar.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

To be: Sujeto + “to be” + “not”…

She wasn’t a doctor. (Ella no era doctora.)

The keys weren’t in the drawer. (Las llaves no estaban en el cajón.)

Todos los demás verbos: Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + “not” + verbo principal (en infinitivo)…

I didn’t want to dance. (No quería bailar.)

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

To be: “To be” + sujeto…?

Was she a doctor? (¿Era doctora?)

Were the keys in the drawer? (¿Estaban las llaves en el cajón?)

Todos los demás verbos: Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal (en infinitivo)…?

Did you want to dance? (¿Querías bailar?)

 PAST CONTINUOUS

Para formar el pasado continuo se utiliza el verbo auxiliar “to be” y el gerundio (infinitivo + “-ing”) del
verbo. El verbo auxiliar “to be” está en el pasado simple, pero ten en cuenta que “to be” es un verbo
irregular.

Sujeto Auxiliar (to be) Gerundio

I, he, she, it was talking, eating, learning, doing, going…
you, we, they were talking, eating, learning, doing, going…

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + gerundio.

He was eating. (Estaba comiendo.)
They were learning. (Estaban aprendiendo.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + “not” + gerundio.

I was not [wasn’t] talking. (No estaba hablando.)
He was not [wasn’t] eating. (No estaba comiendo.)
They were not [weren’t] learning. (No estaban aprendiendo.)

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Verbo auxiliar (to be) + sujeto + gerundio?

Were you talking? (¿Estabas hablando?)
Was he eating? (¿Estaba comiendo?)
Were they learning? (¿Estaban aprendiendo?)