Answer the following questions

1. Why did you think community radio has become a global phenomenon?
2. What does the paragraph indicate about community radio?
Contesta las siguientes preguntas
1. Por qu te pareci la radio comunitaria se ha convertido en un fenmeno
global?
2. Qu indica el prrafo sobre la radio comunitaria?

Read and practice the following dialogue.

Carla: You knew the answer because you had been working with
community radio, right?
Adrian: Yes, I treasure that experience
Carla: Good for you! What is the main characteristic of community
radio?
Adrian: They are non-pro8t organization groups.
Arnaldo: Besides, they are owned and controlled by the community.
Adrian: It is an example of organized community participation.
Leer y practicar el dilogo siguiente.
Carla: Usted saba la respuesta porque usted haba estado trabajando con la
radio comunitaria, derecho?
Adrian: S, atesoro esa experiencia
Carla: bueno para usted! Cul es la principal caracterstica de la radio
comunitaria?
Adrian: Son grupos de organizacin no pro8t.
Arnaldo: Adems, son propiedad de y controlados por la comunidad.
Adrian: Es un ejemplo de la participacin comunitaria organizada.
Tema de pasado perfecto continuo
ha sido Verbo + ing complemento
haba sujeto ha Verbo + ing complemento?
Grammar emphasis
nfasis gramtica
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Subject

Had

Had Subject

Been
Been

Verb + ing
Verb + ing

Complement
Complement?

They had been broadcasting the news before you arrived

Had they been broadcasting the news before?

Yes, they had been broadcasting the news before you arrived
Haban estado transmitiendo las noticias antes de que llegara
tenan estado transmitiendo las noticias antes de?
S, haban estado transmitiendo las noticias antes de que llegara

He had been working with the community radio for 1 year before he
moved here.
Haba estado trabajando con la radio comunitaria 1 ao antes de mudarse aqu.
How long had he been working with the community radio before he
moved here?
Cunto tiempo l trabajaba con la radio comunitaria antes de mudarse aqu?
How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
Cunto tiempo haba estado esperando para subir al autobs?
I had been waiting for more than half an hour
Haba estado esperando ms de media hora que
I had not been waiting for so long when the bus arrived
haba no estado esperando tanto tiempo cuando el autobs lleg
Reading and reflecting
Lectura y reflexin

Read the following passage.

Lea el siguiente pasaje.
We also drew inspiration from the rich history of community
broadcasting in Latin America, that dates back to the Bolivian miners
radios of the late 1940s, and today has a presence in almost every
Latin American country not only workers radios like those of the
Bolivian miners, but educational radios, indigenous peoples radios,
womens radios, radios in almost every major urban centre and in
some of the remotest rural communities. Over the years, the Latin
American experience has profoundly in Puenced the growth of the
international community radio movement particularly as we have
come to better understand the role of media in development.
Tambin dibuj la inspiracin de la rica historia de la comunidad en Amrica
Latina, que se remonta a radios del minero boliviano de la ltima dcada de
1940, y hoy tiene presencia en casi cada pas de Amrica Latina, no slo
trabajadores radios como las de los mineros bolivianos, radios educativas,
radios indgenas, radios de las mujeres, radios en casi cada gran centro urbano
y en algunas de las ms remotas comunidades rurales. Durante los aos, la
experiencia latinoamericana ha profundamente in Puenced el crecimiento del
comunidad internacional radio movimiento particularmente como hemos
llegado a comprender mejor el papel de los medios de comunicacin en el
desarrollo.
Did you know about this?
Saba usted sobre esto?
Whats your opinion?
Cul es tu opinin?
In your notebook, complete the following sentences using the past
perfect continuous. You can use the following verbs: listen, create,
produce, and read.
En tu cuaderno, completa las siguientes frases usando el pasado perfecto
continuo. Puede utilizar los siguientes verbos: escuchar, crear, producir y leer.

1. In Bolivia they ______ ________ ________ miners radios for many years.
1. en Bolivia se ___ radios de ___ ___ minero durante muchos aos.
2. They ____ ______ ________ several types of radio program.
2. ellos ___ ___ ___ varios tipos de programa de radio.
3. They ______ ________ _________ educational program for two years
when they changed coordinator
4. ellos ___ ___ ___ programa educativo por dos aos, cuando cambi de
Coordinado
4. I _____ ________ ___________ a book before you arrived
4. I ___ ___ ___ un libro antes de que llegara
Read the following paragraph and discuss about this community radio
project.
Lea el prrafo siguiente y discutir sobre este proyecto de radio comunitaria.
Community communication for the eradication of violence against
indigenous women of Mexico, Nicaragua and Guatemala is a project
that focuses on equipping them with increased knowledge and tools
to help end violence against women in communities, particularly
against indigenous women. It is based on common characteristics that
aXect the lives of indigenous women in their communities. The project
has been devised by representatives of the Womens Networking
Association of Community Radio Broadcasters in all three of the above
countries
Comunicacin de la comunidad para la erradicacin de la violencia contra las
mujeres indgenas de Mxico, Nicaragua y Guatemala es un proyecto que se
centra en dotar con mayor conocimiento y herramientas para ayudar a eliminar
la violencia contra las mujeres en las comunidades, particularmente contra las
mujeres indgenas. Se basa en las caractersticas comunes que aXect las vidas
de las mujeres indgenas en sus comunidades. El proyecto ha sido ideado por
representantes de las mujeres Networking Asociacin de radios comunitarias
en los tres pases arriba
Discuss this community radio project.
Discutir este proyecto de radio comunitaria.
The historical philosophy of community radio is to use this medium
as the voice of the voiceless, the mouthpiece of oppressed people and
generally as a tool for development. Community radio is de8ned as
having three characteristics: non-pro8t making, community ownership
and control, community participation. It should be made clear that
community radio is not about doing something for the community but
about the community doing something for itself, ie. owning and
controlling its own means of communication.
"La filosofa histrica de la radio comunitaria es utilizar este medio como la voz
de los sin voz, la boquilla de los pueblos oprimidos y generalmente como una
herramienta para el desarrollo. Radio comunitaria es de8ned tiene tres
caractersticas: no pro8t hacer, propiedad comunitaria y el control, la
participacin de la comunidad. Se debe dejar en claro que la radio comunitaria
no es haciendo algo por la comunidad sino de la comunidad haciendo algo para
s mismo, es decir. poseer y controlar sus propios medios de comunicacin.
Activating your mind
Activa tu mente basado en la informacin anterior,
Based on the previous information, prepare a dialogue in which you
will use the past perfect continuous form. Please write it in your
notebook. Then you will practice it in class

prepara un dilogo en el que usas el pretrito perfecto de forma continua. Por

favor escriba en su cuaderno. Luego se practica en clase
J. All ears
Listen to the passage and mark either True or False in the following
statements
Escuchar al paso y marca verdadero o falso en las siguientes afirmaciones
1. Community radio stations aren't offering a variety of contents
1. las radios comunitarias no estn ofreciendo una variedad de contenido
2. Community radio is 90 percent radio and 10 percent community
2. Radio comunitaria es la comunidad de radio y 10 por ciento de 90 por ciento
3. Community radio should focus on getting the community talking
3. Radio comunitaria debera centrarse en conseguir la comunidad hablando
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started
in the past and continued up until another time in the past.
Usamos el pasado perfecto continuo para indicar que algo en el pasado y
contina hasta otro momento en el pasado.
For five minutes and for two weeks are both durations which can
be used with the Past Perfect Continuous. The duration does not
continue until now, it stops before something else in the past, e.g.
Durante cinco minutos" y "dos semanas" son ambas duraciones que pueden
usarse con el pretrito perfecto continuo. La duracin no contina hasta ahora,
se detiene antes de otra cosa en el pasado, por ejemplo,
She had been studying here for more than 3 years before she moved
Ella haba estudiado aqu durante ms de 3 aos antes de que se mud
. K. Let's create
Read the following information. Then, write your own conversation
based on an existing community radio in Venezuela
Lea la siguiente informacin. A continuacin, escriba su propia conversacin
basada en una radio comunitaria existentes en Venezuela
Community and alternative media in Venezuela includes a series of
community television stations and community radio stations, as well
as other alternative media. Community media is one of three types
of media de8ned in Venezuelan law (the others being public and
private). In Venezuela there are more than 270 radio community
stations, representing 25% of the radio stations in the country. By
2009 there were nine community radio stations serving Venezuela's
indigenous peoples.
Medios comunitarios y alternativos en Venezuela incluye una serie de
estaciones de televisin comunitarias y las radios comunitarias, as como otros
medios alternativos. "Medios comunitarios" es uno de tres tipos de medios de
comunicacin de8ned en el derecho venezolano (el otros que son "pblicas" y
"privadas"). En Venezuela hay ms de 270 comunidad las estaciones de radio,
que representan el 25% de las estaciones de radio en el pas. En 2009 haba
nueve radios comunitarias al servicio de los pueblos indgenas de Venezuela.
Translate the following statements about the purpose of the community radio.
Then write the appropriate question to each statement
pregunta Traducir las siguientes afirmaciones sobre el propsito de la
radio comunitaria. Luego escribe la correspondiente a cada
declaracin
1. S, promover la participacin local.
1. Yes, promote local participation.
2. S, profundizar la democracia en todos los mbitos.

2. Yes, deepen democracy at all levels.

3. S, promover el desarrollo local.
4. Yes, promoting local development
4. Motiva la integracin local, regional y nacional.
4. it motivates local, regional and national integration.
Find the words
! Community radio, rural, cooperative, participatory, free radio,
alternative, popular, educational, environmental, human rights, social
conditions, voluntary, social bene8t, diversity, communication,
opinion, inclusive, chance, dynamic.
! Radio comunitaria, radio rural, cooperativa, participativa, libre, alternativa,
popular, educativos, ambientales, derechos humanos, las condiciones sociales,
voluntarias, bienestar social, diversidad, comunicacin, opinin, inclusive,
ocasin, dinmico.

Community radio stations are owned and driven by the communities

they serve. No one can make money from community radio but in a
community radio stations young and old with all abilities ,
backgrounds and interests, can come together to make a difference to
their community
In making that difference, those in volved develop not just confidence
and competence in broadcasting. Skills , but skills for active
citizenship , and skills for social inclusion.
The communities they serve and groups and individuals within those
communities , gain a voice with which to be heard . they gain diversity
in the programming available , and they gain a forum for sharing
experience , discovering fresh perspectives , and supporting
community activity
Estaciones de radio comunitarias son propiedad y conducidas por las
comunidades que servimos. Nadie puede hacer dinero de radio comunitaria
pero en una radio comunitaria estaciones de jvenes y adultos con habilidades,
procedencias y sus intereses, puede unirse para hacer una diferencia en su
comunidad en hacer esa diferencia, los involucrados desarrollar no slo la
confianza y la competencia en la difusin. Habilidades, sino habilidades para la
ciudadana activa y habilidades para la inclusin social. Las comunidades que
sirven y los grupos e individuos dentro de esas comunidades, ganar una voz
para ser escuchado. Adquieren diversidad en la programacin disponible, y
obtienen un foro para compartir experiencias, descubrir nuevas perspectivas y
apoyar actividad comunitaria.