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Andamios

6RQHVWUXFWXUDVDX[LOLDUHVPX\XWLOL]DGDVHQODFRQVWUXFFLyQ\GHPXFKRULHVJR6RQHVWUXFWXUDV
SRUTXHVRQHOHPHQWRVTXHFRPSRQHQXQHOHPHQWRHVWUXFWXUDO1RVSHUPLWHQFUHDURUHVROYHU
SODWDIRUPDV GH WUDEDMR SODQR KRUL]RQWDO  TXH VH DSR\D HQ HO DQGDPLR SDUD OD FLUFXODFLyQ GHO
SHUVRQDOFXDQGRWUDEDMDRSDUDVRSRUWDUXQDFDUJDPX\OLPLWDGD
/RVDQGDPLRVD\XGDQDUHVROYHUSUREOHPDVHM7UDEDMRVHQDOWXUD
/DSODWDIRUPDGHWUDEDMRWLHQHFRPRPtQLPRFPGHDQFKR\HVSHVRUPtQLPRFP\VXIOHFKD
Pi[LPDHVGHFP
(ODQGDPLRPiVVHQFLOORTXHVHSXHGHFRQVWUXLUHQREUDHVHODQGDPLRVREUHFDEDOOHWHV
(VWHDQGDPLRWLHQHXQDXWLOLGDGEDVWDQWHSUiFWLFDTXHHVKDFHUUHYRTXHRD]RWHGHFLHORUUDVRV

DEDUDQGD

HUEDUDQGD

5RGDSLH

YRODGR

3ODWDIRUPDGHWUDEDMR
KXVXDO P
KPi[ P

&DEDOOHWHV
GHPDGHUD
RKLHUUR
Pi[LPDVHSDUDFLyQGHORVFDEDOOHWHV 

9,67$'()$&+$'$


/D3ODWDIRUPDGHWUDEDMRHVGHWDEORQHVGHPDGHUDHOPtQLPRVRQWDEORQHV FP (O


WDPDxRGHORVWDEORQHVHVGHWHUPLQDGRSRUHOWLSRGHPDGHUD/RVWDEORQHVGHSLQR
QDFLRQDOVRQGH[[P [[HQPHWURV \ORVGHSLQREUDVLOVRQGH
[[P
(VWDSURKLELGRKDFHUORVDQGDPLRVFRQWDEODGHHQFRIUDGRSRUTXHHQJHQHUDOVRQGH
PDODFDOLGDG6HJ~QODQRUPD81,7HOWDEOyQPtQLPRHVGH[VHSXHGHYHUTXH
ORLPSRUWDQWHHVHOHVSHVRU

/RVFDEDOOHWHVGHEHQHVWDUILMDGRVDOSLVRPHGLDQWHHVWDFDV\VHFODYDQWDEODVDODV
SDWDVGHOFDEDOOHWH

6LKD\VXSHUSRVLFLyQGHWDEORQHVGHEHQFXEULUFP
&XxDGHPDGHUDSDUDHYLWDUWURSLH]RV
SDUDSHUPLWLUSRUHMHPSOR
SDVDUXQDFDUUHWLOOD

$1&+2



Clasificacin de los Andamios:


1) Segn su uso.
D  $QGDPLRV GH FDUJD DGHPiV GH SDUD UHDOL]DU XQD WDUHD VLUYHQ SDUD HO DFRSLR GH
PDWHULDOHV
E  $QGDPLRVOLJHURV~QLFDPHQWHSHUPLWHQHOSDVDMHGHSHUVRQDV SHVR SHURQRHODFRSLRGH
PDWHULDOHV

2) Segn su forma de sustentacin.
D  $SR\DGRVHQHOVXHOR
E  6XVSHQGLGRVRFROJDQWHV
F  9RODGRV

3) Segn su material.
D  GHPDGHUD
E  PHWiOLFRV


Ejemplos:


1) Andamio de carga, de madera y apoyado en el suelo.

D%$5$1'$
0$&+,f$/
HU%$5$1'$

9,67$75$169(56$/
$/$)$&+$'$

CRUCES DE SAN ANDRES9$1(1/26/$'26


'(/$1'$0,281(1/263,(6'(5(&+263$5$
'$55,*,'(=$/$(6758&785$

RODAPIE &/$9$'2$/$3/$7$)250$'(75$%$-2
PLATAFORMA DE TRABAJO
MACHIAL[FP 6,59(13$5$$32<$5/267$%/21(6
<$50$5/$(6758&785$'(/$1'$0,2 
LARGUERO[FP 62%5((/6($32<$1
/260$&+,f$/(6 

3,('(5(&+2

PIE DERECHO 621/$63$7$6'(


/26$1'$0,2648(6($32<$1
(1(/68(/2
38('(16(5'([FPR
$3$57,5'(/R1,9(/'([FP

P
',67'(6(3$5$&,210$;
(175(3,(6'(5(&+26

D
P







'(%(1(67$5(03275$'26(1(/3,626,6(
75$7$'(&(63('27,(55$3(526,(6+250,*1
$/&$1=$&2148((67(1$32<$'26

5RGDSLH





7DEORQHV




3DUDHPSDOPDUXQSLHGHUHFKRFRQRWURYHUWLFDOPHQWHVHGHEHQSRQHUWDEODV

3XQWDOHVGH(XFDOLSWXV
3LHGHUHFKR

&RUWH

7DEODV

3ODQWD





3LHGHUHFKRDSR\DGRVREUH
KRUPLJyQOOHYDQGRVFXxDV
GHPDGHUD



4XLHQHVSXHGHQXWLOL]DUORV$QGDPLRV
6RQ SDUD RSHUDULRV TXH HVWpQ WUDEDMDQGR HQ OD REUD SDUD ORV WpFQLFRV GH OD REUD SDUD ORV
LQVSHFWRUHV1RSXHGHVXELUDHOORVQDGLHDMHQRDODREUDHVWiH[SUHVDPHQWHSURKLELGRVXXVR
SRUSDUWHGHSHUVRQDVTXHWHQJDQYpUWLJRHSLOHSVLDRDGLFFLyQDODOFRKRORGURJDV
'HEHH[LVWLUXQDPHPRULDGHVFULSWLYDGHODQGDPLRHQODREUDDKtHVSHFLILFDHOWLSRGHDQGDPLR
TXHVHYDDXVDU HVWiHQHO0766\VHKDFHUHVSRQVDEOHHOWpFQLFRSUHYHQFLRQLVWD 

&DGDYH]VHXWLOL]DQPHQRVORVHQFRIUDGRVGHPDGHUDSRUTXHFRPRVRQGHPDGHUD
YHUGHVHSXGUHQVHUDMDQ\WLHQHQXQFRVWREDVWDQWHHOHYDGR/DVWDEODVGHVSXpVGHO
VHJXQGRDQGDPLR\DQRVHSXHGHQXVDU
/RVDQGDPLRVGHFDUJDSXHGHQOOHJDUKDVWDFPGHDQFKR
(ODQGDPLRVHDWDHQYDULRVSXQWRVGHODIDFKDGD
1RVHSXHGHWUDEDMDUHQYDULDVSODWDIRUPDVGHWUDEDMRHQXQPLVPRSDUGHSLHGHUHFKRV

/RVDQGDPLRVHVWiQFRQWURODGRVSRUHO0766\SRUHOWpFQLFRSUHYHQFLRQLVWD

/RVDQGDPLRVGHPDGHUDH[LJHQXQDUHYLVLyQSHULyGLFDSRUVXFRUWDYLGD~WLODODLQWHPSHULH

6LHPSUH HQ HO DQGDPLR VH GHEH WUDEDMDU FRQ FLQWXUyQ GH VHJXULGDG (VWH FLQWXUyQ GHEH HVWDU
DWDGRDODHVWUXFWXUDGHHGLILFLR HQHOH[DPHQOHOODPDQFXHUGDVDOYDYLGDV 

(ODQGDPLRYDDSR\DGRLQFOLQDGR
SDUDHYLWDUTXHVHFDLJD

(QHOOXJDUGRQGHHVWiWUDEDMDQGRHO
REUHURQRSXHGHKDEHUPiVGHFP
GHVHSDUDFLyQHQWUHSODQRGHIDFKDGD
\DQGDPLR



2) Andamios Metlicos apoyados en el suelo.

D $QGDPLRV0RGXODGRVRHVWDQGDUL]DGRV




9DVRV

Son metlicos de carga y apoyados en el piso.


Se hacen de caos de 2 de dimetro.
Se pueden colocar tantos mdulos como necesite.

3DWDV


Vista transversal a la
fachada

3DWDV

9DVRV

Las patas entran en los vasos y as voy


levantando.
Pueden ser utilizados con ruedas para trasladarlos,
pero se deben quitar cuando se comienza a
trabajar.




&DxR





7DEORQHVGH FP

3XHQWHV

6LUYHGHHVFDOHUDSHURVRODPHQWH
FXDQGRVHHVWiDUPDQGRHODQGDPLR
6HUHFRPLHQGDTXHHVWpGHOODGRGHODIDFKDGD


+D\XQDUWtFXORHQHO5HJODPHQWRTXHKDEODGHORVDQGDPLRVYRODGRV YHUDUW 


E $QGDPLRV7XEXODUHV
6RQPX\VHJXURVVRQGXUDGHURVDODLQWHPSHULH
%iVLFDPHQWHVHDUPDQFRPRORVGHPDGHUDV


6RQGHKLHUURJDOYDQL]DGRGLiPHWUR6RQWXERVPHWiOLFRVTXHHVWiQXQLGRVFRQSLH]DVWLSR
UyWXODV
/DVXQLRQHVSXHGHQVHU




/DYHQWDMDHVTXHHOODUJRGHFDGDSLH]DHVGHP



6HSXHGHUHJXODUOD
DOWXUDGHODVSDWDV

P

$QFKRPi[LPRTXHVHSXHGHQ
DUPDU HOGREOHGHORVGHPDGHUD 

3ODQFKXHOD

3) Andamios Mecnicos de Canastillo.


(VXQDPiTXLQDTXHWLHQHXQEUD]RTXHVHDUWLFXOD\HQODSXQWDWLHQHQXQFDQDVWRGRQGHHVWi
HORSHUDULR HMHPSORWtSLFRVRQORVTXHVHXVDQSDUDFDPELDUODVOXFHVGHODOXPEUDGRS~EOLFR 



4) Andamios Suspendidos o Colgantes.
7LSRJHQHUDOPHWiOLFRGHFROJDU\OLJHUR

D %DODQFLQHV
9HUVXGHVFULSFLyQHQOD1RUPD
6H XWLOL]DQ SDUD OLPSLDU YLGULRV R SLQWDU IDFKDGDV 6H VXEHQ R VH EDMDQ PHGLDQWH PRWRUHV
HOpFWULFRVRDSDODQFD1RVHSHUPLWHTXHWHQJDQPiVGHPGHODUJR
(QHOORVWLHQHQTXHKDEHUGRVRSHUDULRVDODYH]SDUDTXHVHRSHUHFRUUHFWDPHQWH
7HGDXQDVHQVDFLyQGHLQVHJXULGDGQRVHDWDQDOSLVRSRUHOORVHXVDQSDUDWUDEDMRVOLJHURV




/RVFDEOHVGHEHQUHVLVWLUWRQHODGDV
RYHFHVODFDUJD

P
5HVLVWHQFLD.JPO

0DOODGHDODPEUH VRORSDUDGDU
VHQVDFLyQGHVHJXULGDG 





6HOHSRQHXQVHSDUDGRUGHOODGRGHODIDFKDGDSDUDTXHQRODJROSHHRSDUDTXHQRHVWURSHH
HOWUDEDMRSURQWR'HOODGRGHODIDFKDGDVHOHSRQHQURGLOORV


4) Andamios Tipo Escalerillas.


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6H SXHGHQ XWLOL]DU KDVWD XQ Pi[LPR GH P GH DOWXUD SDUD HVFDOHULOODV GH  WHQVRUHV \ P
SDUDWHQVRUHV
$URVRDUJROODV

Pi[
ORXVXDOP

8QLyQGHXQDEDULOODFRQRWUD
PHGLDQWHVROGDGXUDFRQWtQXD
PtQLPRFP

0i[LPRPGHDOWXUDSDUDHVFDOHULOODVGHWHQVRUHV
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KLHUURFRP~Q

(O+LHUURFRP~QYLHQHHQEDUUDVGHP
GHODUJR DFHURWUDWDGRQRSRUTXHQRVH
SXHGHVROGDU 

(VFDORQHVRSXHQWHVKLHUURFRP~Q
6LUYHQSDUDDSR\DUORVWDEORQHV 

Pi[
SDUDWHQVRUHV

$URGHVHJXULGDG JDQFKR

/RXVXDOVRQP

$URVRDUJROODV

Pi[
ORXVXDOP

0i[LPRPGHDOWXUDSDUDHVFDOHULOODVGHWHQVRUHV
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(VFDORQHVKLHUURFRP~Q
9DQGHOODGRGHODIDFKDGD 
6HJ~QOD1RUPDORVHVFDORQHVVRQ
VRODPHQWHSDUDDUPDUHODQGDPLRQRVH
XVDQSDUDSDVDUGHXQDSODWDIRUPDD
RWUDSDUDHOORXWLOL]DPRVODVHVFDOHUDV
UHJODPHQWDULDVRORVQLYHOHV\D
FRQVWUXLGRVGHOHGLILFLR

Pi[
SDUDWHQVRUHV
/RXVXDOVRQP

$URGHVHJXULGDG JDQFKR

'LVWDQFLDPi[LPDHQWUHHVFDOHULOODVP
0i[LPDPHGLGDTXHUHVLVWHHOWDEOyQDQWHVGHGREODUVH

9LVWDGHVGHIDFKDGD










 
31,



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9DVROGDGR
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7HQVRU

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*DQFKR


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KRUPLJyQFRPRFRQWUDSHVRSDUDTXHHO

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HVFDOHULOOD(OWLSRGHFRQWUDSHVRTXHVH

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SDUDGHMDUORVRULILFLRVHQODORVD





3
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/DFDUJD3HVFRQRFLGD\JHQHUDXQPRPHQWRGH9ROWHR
3DUDHYLWDUHO9ROWHRHOFRQWUDSHVRGHEHVHUYHFHVPD\RU
TXHODFDUJDJHQHUDGDSRUODHVFDOHULOOD
3D 4E
/DUHVLVWHQFLDGHOFRQWUDSHVRDO0RPHQWRGHEHVHUYHFHV
PD\RU 


3HUIRUDFLyQ
HQOD/RVD

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WURSLH]RVSDUDSHUPLWLUSRU
HMHPSORSDVDUXQDFDUUHWLOOD
(QHO~QLFROXJDUGRQGH
VHSHUPLWHVREUHPRQWDU
WDEORQHVHVHQORV
SXHQWHV

&RQWUDSHVRV
6LQRKD\3UHWLOVHSUHYHHQKXHFRVHQODORVD\VH
WUDED FRQ XQ 


(VWDFDV

/DV HVFDOHULOODV WLHQHQ PRYLPLHQWR HQ HO SODQR SDUDOHOR DO TXH VH HVWi WUDEDMDQGR 'LFKR
PRYLPLHQWRVHHYLWDSRQLHQGRHVWDFDVTXHYDQDWDGDVDODVHVFDOHULOODV\FODYDGDVDOSLVR
3DUDHYLWDUHORWURPRYLPLHQWRVHSRQHQWDFRVGHPDGHUDFRQWUDODIDFKDGD


D%$5$1'$
P
'LVWDQFLDPi[LPD
GHVHSDUDFLyQHQWUHHVFDOHULOODV

HU%$5$1'$

Hay que poner barandas en


cualquier hueco o abertura
donde halla la posibilidad de
cada de personas.
5HGGH3URWHFFLyQ
52'$3,(
&ODYDGRDOD3ODWDIRUPDGH7UDEDMR 

7DEORQHVGH0DGHUD1DFLRQDOR3LQR%UDVLO

&58&(6'(6$1$1'5(6
6yORHQHOIUHQWH

9RODGRGHODV7DEODVSDUDHVFDOHULOODV

P

Pi[P
9LVWDGHVGH)DFKDGD

9RODGRGHODV7DEODVSDUDHVFDOHULOODVRPiV

P

Pi[P
9LVWDGHVGH)DFKDGD


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1DFLRQDOHVGHP
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VXSHUSXHVWDVHVPiVGLItFLOVXGHVSOD]DPLHQWR


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DWDGRDODHVWUXFWXUDGHOHGLILFLR/RVFLQWXURQHVGHVHJXULGDGVRQGHWLSR$UQpV


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