if

i/t

I - fo,relc.c6n

i
i

80 oK,
tJt^'-'clo Vatcrre cle cc.[Qre", e5peci{icos c, .[e rnpercturc c,mtocrte
qk, ryl-

un ctclo Ofto cte rnire esl,nclc,r as cl.. cl.O. An_

n.trcptco-etc,c!,rnpre,rio7.t, el eir tct, a l\Ct Kpa
. 6c'0cm''
l::
?r-c,cso
,JSoC
ct
Lc terrrpetc,ftra- Ql final 6'le1 pru.o.n.. de expc,rtsln teel-)rrciprccnZ,

;,

cle cornpreaicin cle

t.se

d.

ne:

o) !a ternp eralvrc. L prc..,ion ma crl{.as en el ciclo

b) La crrrrllclcicl de ctor *c,nsfercIo
c) Lc e0icie,rc,c. tcrrnicr.

Cll La pre.icn meca efecJiva

j
l
I

Ootos
P3 = 100 trPa
Tr = 35 oC+2?j = 3OE"K
Ys = 60oc.rns * (lm

i
I

I
i
I

'l

Tq = BocroK
c" = ).002 KJ / t<qo6
cv. = 0.?J86 K.J/ trtr"K

ir

t
).

i
I
i

Vr

/v,

Vq1v,

'9
P.oceso l-2 ' Pfocc,:o cte cc,rnpreirrl

.
j
?

= Tr(E )o-'

Tz

'

2331.S3

cle 3-{
7a /Vq r r-r

I =\\ I

l.ct-I
3oB"K (q.sl

l5?. q5

o1

Poce.sc, clc

100 KPa

Q.5,011-3tr'n
3O8 gX

KPa
Poce:

o ck e---r
xpo.n>1o.n a

..A =ctt

-) T = T.r I vr_\*-' =- To-r'7tn-r

T3= 1q6E?oK-.-f
t

a A=ch

R=P.*L,L
" Ir :
v2 T: =q
, T.l

RVr
fz'"- -:ll

RVz

Procc.lo:

rV

i :

?z =

Iz

Vl=V,

V=vz

= Q,5

I: -/.Vr\r-r
t
7l -\,l

1.

,i

k/KgaK

= 4,287

l = J.!

\t = O.OO 06 mJ
I

loocm

2-3 Calor

\vz'

J.qI
'

= B1DoK ,, Q,5

c.l a)

crpc;f h^clc.

Vol.;Irrr,,r =tr

V3=V2

.i

PsV-a
.',,T"

p,
*,
=
Tz V:

p.= TL

e}|z
Tz

P3= 0?2,3 KPo"

b)

RV: = rn RIr ,
rn= d.-lg

0,5Q

KJ

-) m-

-t

x\(,,' lftl
'a.

ILLJJ<

l5f.

qs"K

rz33l.33i(a

-- sul a)

Q= rn (u.- u, ) =rytCv (13-'i-z)

0a =

13 P2 =
Tz

sol b )

!90

KFa*0.00A

0.2Et@
;Ks

6m3

CIK

6.?ss , ro[5* 0.] )s6 -Kl- (tql -1s1. r:)

Feq(

1-)
)

,o
ctc Fecha2o cle calor a V=c*e
\'
(uq-U) = fficv (fq-fr) 6,138
xr6fu*
A,1tS6
(aoo
=
-Etr #
-30B )oK
k69K

Prcrceso

Go=

Qe

0.2tt

Wn"to= 0

lrJ

- 8R = 0.5q - 0,2<4 = 0,35

\p* = ,.Yn|l = o.5qs -aQa

0.5q hA

\rn=

K-)

sol c)

o) Vr,r= V2= V04*

/
Mep = Wn *,*atr,

Vr-

MrP= 652.

2'

Repile

el

'brptc"-

t-Z

Proceso

trgr.El

vz

Kpo.

proble

0,00a6

'=-:-

f (,-fo) Lpr

gol cl)

1_,_cctrnblc;nclo l. e,l pc,.noIcn rcen4rd y>rcu poi una poli_

cloncle. fi = J.35
Corrr

prcsicn tceqhnpfca

o,...9.t

I !t \*-t = r, +n-t = 3os ,* q,st'e-,

T2

= T

Tz

=11.

xpuncln
o \i lr nrcc.

\v.i
q oK

<r-

'

q.stooKpaxELg3.t(_
FP.,B
T =
Jos oK

Pz=

.T

2338 kPa.
Procebo g-q erpanoiv.r potilrplcc.
R TT,1

- n-r
/\vsI
Ys \n-t ='o A"=Eoo"Kx(

7l5q oK sc,r c.)

=W", = rn R (r.i-I3) 618&xtoe
T3

lq=

\A,lq
balra

= 0.5J39

ce

c)e

VrV

q,5

r.35-

=3ocrr

\=vt

Fenkr-

.2E? Kt I El,e

l-

J,35

)1-s. t?sq ) e

KJ

enerqC

o6

$'rt;t":
Pr'iroi^

J_n

6g

Cqn

P2 =

T3=

parc ol prrceso CL 3 -q

E"o.= Al=
0"r-W*, = rn (ur-as) =rhcy (Iv-Is)
Qq = mc, (Trt- Ts) rWsq
= 6.?a6 xtoeff* o,,1tg.$I-n (oo _ /?sq o.r,(r)
Qj=o.o/r6g KJ
nox
+c.s33s(

b) Proceso r-.m
= U, - P3= h
ry.
13
Tz
la

V =c

P,

'x 1 2s3s Kpc.

= [\ llsq
lsr .qoK I

P3=s926 Kpa d-{

* s<rl b.)
":: &Zc = rn (tr.-U) ='rrtCv (TZ-Tz\'
023= (.-+t x rriq 4S Q.-+ta' tlry4?<l (lrsq
I

Qr.,=
_elr)

0.9q

tb-r.q

)o.{

IrJ

A cak,r tmwf e cjo su

i

0,o= Qusri, O.gi, = 0,981q-a,066ct = 0,5s93 I(J *=Procso q-I [echa ]o ctr ca.Lor a V=ctt
(r.
(oo -3o)
eR= tav to-q Kt)( 0.1lsb KJ/ tt6or)
CIR = 0.23q8:K\

wnur" or'= Qo - fi
?.,,^
(th

P"*

Mrp

l,lEP

3.-

-..

oK

3 - A.23qg = O,3l<15 K.l

0, 3lq5 trl
= o, s67' '3- goi

-- 0.55q

= \^bd",!rr =
G
o

o..1s<,3

c)

KJ

V,.nin=Vz=ba

d)

. t'"

sc,r b)

.b

UsL.r,,rt6-

il

,\r (,.u: KPa **

0,3tq5 trl
=(o.oaoe
>) (r-,

- lq-idl

fu) \ )-{

sc,i d )

fclec.l cllesdl tien. (yn rel.c.rr,r ele ccrrnCreolo-n otc lO c\ ua

Crire cr,ryxo f futuIo
1. |:"bq!" , l eslaclo cJeJ ..ire q[ princjpto clel p.o.8.ro
4e. ccmpreolcin es cl*5
KPa- 6 ZO9L, S [- Scrnpe.rc.fur mol]F1e clel c(Lo no
5obre Fc.">c. o xeecle 22L)" , d<*e rrnine:
a) Lq e$r'cienars. fermiclc\ Preslu meclia e&<Hw^
Svpongc- cctLore: espec.$rcos c-on sfo.n |e p^'( el alre a krrrperc.f<re amb.r.nle
T
Oalo
Uno,,lrndqUrrno

VL

13

A =2A, =
Pr, qS KPaTt= 2O9C +2]3 =2Q3
T3=22O0 oK
cp= l.0|t,Z rJ / FS oK
Cu = 0,T tf, hJ / lcro oK

R=0.281 KJilfgoK

K = 1.9:

Ar./tz

A3=/\

V.=Va

V
,,

1'Z

Proceso de compresio'n a A=c

rz

rr (

I-'

H.
Tz = 9JJ.l "K

2-3

= r' 9n

i = 2qson (")'''-'

Ptcx"oo d act;c;n ec cc,lor

?4L,".
tsS
=
T3
Tz

p=

ps= pe

yL - 13 22ooc,,K 2.2s
- E+, ,tc,X =
Vz E =

=\F=E
v

Tz'=2.265

3-q

expansin benfcpica

Prceso el.,

,1

( , vz\F'=: rs /4-\*-'
& = Ts f Y. )n-t =
= Tt'['i;.J
\V.,
Tq --

920.6

t+ /

Qo= hs-hz = cp (Ts-Tz) = l, A02

,= ?2AO'K

kt , (Zzoo = q=+l.l)N
qo=1lr'r = c, (Tq- Ir ) = 0,f t66 kr (qzo, o K1o,ll

KboK

Wn"ro

= 94 - 4a = 1236.5
"o

Ylrr,=

ry*r
Ie
Pl

1f,rnta=

Ut

=_:- sl

KT
ttx

cr)

2E?

= o, EEs !o:
Ktr

= Vmax

Es

ep = . \\lr"+ so-t
=
Vr

-Vz

ft4rp =

ET

Irt

t236.5
l<5

= Tgg. s
= +g-1-l-&
= o.63s
1236,s r/

Itn= 63.b ./o

lri = B-T-

</J

(l.zs)l'q-r
\-z, I

93j.3

Kpa

'\AJ

no* - so,,

\t ()_)
-- _

e,ol

S)

ffitw\

hI
KX

lc expan6rbr rcenlr pcc-

C6.rnblc(nLo

r-35

rj=r, (H)I-',=1,, n-l

Tz = 2q 3 ;,i

2-3

'

(z

ort'ct-

!2

P1=

Pj
exp6\n5)}rh

= qll .1aK

aadn de cato r

f?vs =
T7
':: T3
'.'

p<rr und po-

P=cte

.oli)-rdprc^

) %=p3

o.t(
kV2 = IIt2 = R= n2O
q1l.

--,

\ "l<

Vr=Vq

= 2,265

3,9

proceso d!

7.1= T3

U*f-'
\vq/

expansin polilrfp6s

(tI-'= *eI-'=

= 13

n=

l026 oK

c{^=

h,-hz = cp (Tz-Tz)= 1.00z EL_, (

'
i
icio=un-u=cy (,rq.L)

trOr{\

:.

''

,i

= 0,-1r66._lrl.
trbutr
"'* ,:'

W"t,r",,ou
r/v-"*s= R (rtr-T)

J-n

Eento,

Esol.

= AE

zzoc,

22oooK(ryJ'*-'

- q1r.\\2l(
)

tzs6,b

ltl

.Kb

2q3)oK= sz6,? JEt

(toz6\
'/
trl

J-1.35

q
=

EJ
rg

.,_

I Cv (Tr- TS)
43.1,unt,a --

oc{oblcs.c.,n

- 0.11&(,

- z2oo),,l(

e llq.q

kJ

Itg

-c-.-n ,r LKUtrr]
I rprl
]?6,.r
Jlcrzo
1!?6
I
8l . 3
-) ,tt,
|L l,qO ?q3.36
(tzttt-r

fi=to2oK
:

tr*

Uozo

zzoo oR

- 03 = BlZ,<i ,KJ / lr
ga.,= Wt *,,on * (u.-U) = 93 r- (1S\.3- l&?2.r) = -128. J rJ/k

,=

= l2*,l +s2(,.'3 = 65<t.<i lrJlKl

V./nelo.erl =,9*- 4n= 1236,5 - 6q. 1 - 582. I KJ
r5
K\/rn
[,,
= L!-usts,.tLthgo = eq.t
ir36ss+K

.9* = 9J..o.

+ 4qr sar

Q*n = O,<{? ,-.,

'
+ Sui

ct)

:'

ffirPtr"

T rc-!
,

h{e P

lilJrlsr z
_tz

":,

,r,

wnc,}

v,

rcsq'r() C 2q3
Q t<p<

s,r

(r_

%{\

0, Bg5

a? t K/,.*

.s8sft-!\
,f t' Zo )

YEP= 612 KPa

.d=
Kcu '

b^o*

lna , n+]

Ltr.

=scr\o)

compcesr-dn Cle.un cicLo doal rctecr.l es \! l alre ee* a.

5"- La r.la.,nt d,eoK
3oo
a[ principio ciel procaso &e comc.eeroio , t a zzoooK
h
nlO?*F,
ql, SinJ
prucesd
drJ
d.e o,ctruln cte calr . A. votuntcn q p"".tdn tonsfr^nJ,
lc. l-rano4erencrr- de ccl.o, hro el aic. o p*..oi t Jlg[, cLenie a tszrrl]
Suponiencio calt,re> Speci{-icc.,s \ont:btes p llon c)elt
[l{Kq^,
-in",
a) lA. *cacarr cle 'cc.Lc'r trc^nferldo c^ V= de

bl

te ei<s?ncre

trmicr. cti ciclo

P
Ps= P

Dqlos

v:vx

V,Ux

v1'vq

as=az

=S=Ys-=l!
lvzV
Pl l0o ttpa
Tr

,43",[q A

'

= 3oooK.
T3 = 22OO"K

1-2 Proceso dc Cc-mpresidn a A=<rt

dc lclcta d.e alre como
sc,s \clea.l

un=H"" =

*,r4r

can urr qq.3?

=

{ v,z

lqq,8q
I qq,3r

Procuo o

coh Tg = 2 200oK

rzpKl
s2s. t1

aqo

de a.cjrtn Cle caLc,v

ttr.=

2.O.2

SOoo K

In' = 219.o1 KJIKr

L-., = 621, 2

tr. IKJ/ trrl

82o

hs = 2so3.Z ltil

qq ,31

t-62t.2 =

I tt.as
2-X iX -3

cc)n

lf.1

6..5q
6l l.l 6
c 2q,q5

t.=aZS,t

\z=6ll'

oK
vsl
lcc.

a!ffi+-{$.!, rr.'.'

(T-T) + ci (Ta*I,r )

9A'*' -cv1i + crT3 -W

-t

L- Iqo.+cvTz -cpTs ,\
=cv-cp
L

rx=fu

.',Y16 pueClr

21t

+ o.'1$6* 823'

\ - l, oao2 tzzoo)

?l''

.Ix=Jsq.qox

erx ctuveri .Str Un Vatur inlot mccUO

< Tx-<
^L 2zoo oK

.S@r

Bz3-l"K

6.-

tu'o.

$"pile el prublema g,

er", pleanct-o
tcna peya )a,6. 6tnalclemfc

"):2 Proceso c{e orn prern

,:

e c"Lo

res

entre Tz tTs

especf&tos cun/Eil-ntes

A= c

-.,

V =i [r-\
;' T
U,

,:,1-2-x Aclc,rn Ou .ofo, e,!

g r-* = cu (,r-*
)

:;"

-r.

X-3 Aaicioh clc eqlr c,\

I
Qnx-s = Cr LTo
.Tx
9a -- 9er-

tl

ax-s
:,

err 3,,

l12

9o = 9y-T,t

T*

(ev -cp)
-t

=
:

T"
,\--lx=

te tc vT:- - cpTt
9a

gj

cv-Cp

0.?)g
,a

Tx

- cvTz + c"h

36<'l

l,oo'2

.q oK
.

de
.1/

Qcusr

do al ?ra }ico T:

T7

Tx -T3

-9e

't\

7.-

Un cclo 6rot6|on
gve usc cr)re e.c.rrno SLviero cte 'frab1l, *lune trrL&'
-simple
telaci'o', cle pieoicr
4e g . Lo, f,ernerc.h.,r.-. rnfi')Ikfi mdxlma enel
e b
c\c,, son 3\Ok r I160 "K. .St,porulenclo
Lcx caLo res specfS.fcoS fl<t Crn
gw
cc,yrskrnle:, deler rnr)n6ty
Pl Lq l51Ogratu,rr. cre,{ atle a Le sa\ictc. ce la {t'rblno.

'1.

..

b) Lq soLidc. net,e de hqbc,ro

c) Lo eoienoia trrnt ca. v

Dolos

Tg. J1O'K

ot=& =f-:8
Pr p1
Tr = 310oK

TB= )looK

1-2 Proceso de comprs5jc a A=c-

cle loblas ct oire Con T = 3l oK
I-r =3l0oK

-+ h, = 310,2q KJ/Ic5
Pt, = 1.551

-/ Prz= htr
P.,= &P, =)

Prz

con

Tr = 3l0oh

Pn=12.93S-

,A=,A2

Pr = o( Prr =

I pr
I tr. a

llg=,,12

I r l.s5q6 =,12,q366

Lr/Ksl r 1"rl
'
5gO
,
-559. fq
562 .3o sS1,2s -, I h = 5 (,2.30 KJ/K,.
565 . l-+ 560
[ T. =55?.25 oK o
h

I rz.q.{
l tr.r,
ccn T3=ll(rooK-) hs=
tzgio.q 2 krlKq
frs =

Prr = '85- Pr"

J' Prs =l
= o3

Ps\

con P",,

-t ^l:

=21.gr[

2s.gs
?5,9

2r.

o)

zq

20?.2 = 2S.9

h I rr/161
6qt. gz
12, q
Joz,5z

OK

80

Pct.

c)

|*,=\ess
tlin
trn

=-

6o

so\ b)

o,l c )

.35

|orbinq ser,:

ru

trg

K,t
trtr

2E6.6+ Kt

}ct

= Ce3L_61
A.62

= 92. a1z,

= 6 Q2.lQ, K/ trt

Irq =

6q0

gorl=hq-h, = 12. lq - 310.21

= 3Sr.Q5
Wn,*rr" = 9 r,

86.61 & o_
q -

{h.

80.35

[ ]ernperat.rra Ctel eirs q ) sc.Iid

ctc
Iq = 6Ao,3s o K *.-, .5ci a)
9, = h"- h, = 123 o.q2 - s6z .3

Wr"+r, c"rtda 2
=

20:' .z

CIK

I'

\l

,'
/
Wk h",t

con q =50KPc,
Wuo-uo.,n =

wu,-b.n = 3. ol
W*oo..rn =
corno

fh,

de TVg -o

(Pr-Pr)

/J =A2

= h+r
= u+y

1.,

=0,00103

EI

310.1q

K/rc

0.001O3O

.ntlt

hz-hr

hr= \Jq*ba,i

es v6por sobreclern{acrr

A\= As = 6.s390

Xrl At-Att

'

con

Aer- A

|h

P'3hPo

\=

,6.s3qo

t.0q

h+o, =

3<.rcr. <rq

I,fr;l

+o,Bs-us # 236s,<t
=

22fI.Q5 KJ/rrt
h.-h, --2qq3-s- 3q3.ss =
26<lq,q; r,l*g

hq-h, =z|-ll.qb-3q..19= tql

.rt6 }rJ/16
Wro,r= 8n -eout
= 2(,7q.q?- lq3 t,<1 (, = Jlg.Sl tr/lrc.
Por

tonlo

Qou}=

[tn = \Il+"L = ro.-sl5lrs

ah

26gq, g? t*n1

Qtr,=

-__
27.t",/o -a.
:-

5r\ cr).

.:,

Kr/Kq

=3oooC ct' TVs0brecatenlacb

tHl

to = o. g31g

r' la ccldera
er,=

nla{uvbinq

Ts

e) esla,.u .l

Aqu - !.Oqto
19.., = l.5q3q

6.3c2q

hq= h* *xq

^'

f Sq,qq = 313.53

A\t

OeTU6

pr.rc

= 3.0q

= A\-At,

+t

Q= So Kpc.

* (aloo- 50) wr^l r\(l I

^?
L \

hs = 2qq3,5 -.r:;
f.'1ro:
- {t .
T = 3oooC
= (,3Qo KJ/rr6 a a
corno

a=rlq

.-_e-

b)

Wno+o

rl

\fun.+"

rfi w,clo =6s Kg/s) (rre.5!

25' 15 **

l-o'- Con'sicte're uDa

'+

r<J/rrt)

sd b,l

central e,tdc\-ricc- c(< Vapov cJ.e 2l fvlw qut

orJoyr. er1 vn c)-i, j,,rlri;;Tlt;;

"liirZc
clo RanKine icle srm p\e . et vap"."n-"'. Cle 1.0 Kpa. n4ves)-re e.l .ofcL en
S S: -ehfn? e1 el candensartor.e un" pr*io'rr
'h
un c)ia6ramaT:s regpec,l-o cle lc,J line. de
L+u.mine..
o; !q cc\icla;:rgsl uapor a lc celicla de la lurbina.
"J""o"..r,
b) Lrr ej.,'creirch lrrnica ad cicLu
c\ el 9l.u,, mds\co d vapot

\l.o"t

\ut.,.,
IttKPa

oul

A;"Az

dolo

Wru*o =
Ps
T3

P1

,Aj"Aq

2lO

l"tW

= l0,vtPo
= 00 "c

l0KPa

69

r.vs. co,, p,=roKpa nl

I

trc,bcro crc

int-r.so o

wb.;n ='tr)'( Pz- Pr)

tloo*b serr.:
rnz/rtr (rooo0 -1o) v{"

= 0. oct,()t

:, hr-h,

Wb.;r= lo,oq KJ/rrg

h= 10.0q+Jqt.E3

Po=loMpa { t. = 33?3.4 Kr/ r

x T3 =500oC Il- /, = 6.5q66 frU r.[rx

F.J/Kc,rK
I

.fu.l =
ft

X.t= 0.1q2 q

Ay =

so\ c,l

h1 = ler.63 t -Kf l
5J-]
t
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