The "Astro Observatory" was developed as a system of telescopes that could fly multiple times

on the space shuttle. Astro-1 consisted of three ultraviolet telescopes and an X-ray telescope.
The primary objectives of this observatory were to obtain (1) imagery in the spectral range
1200-3100 A (Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, UIT); (2) spectrophotometry in the spectral region
425 to 1850 A (Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope, HUT); (3)spectrapolarimetry from 1250 to 3200
A (Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photopolarimetry Experiment, WUPPE); and (4) X-ray data in the
bandpass between 0.3 and 12 keV (Broad Band X-ray Telescope, BBXRT). Since many science
objectives and selected astronomical targets of the three instrument teams were inter-related,
simultaneous observations by all four instruments were planned.
El observatorio astronmico (Astro 1) se llev a cabo como un sistema de telescopios que
podran sobrevolar varias veces sobre el transbordador espacial. El Astro-1 est compuesto por
tres telescopios ultravioletas y uno de rayos X. Los objetivos principales de este observatorio
fueron para obtener imgenes del campo espectral de 1200-3100 angstroms (Telescopio de
Imagen Ultravioleta, UIT por sus siglas en ingls); para realizar una espectrofotometra de la
regin espectral de 425 a 1850 angstroms (Telescopio Ultravioleta de la Universidad Hopkins
de Baltimore, HUT por sus siglas en ingls); para medir las intensidades y polarizacin de la
radiacin ultravioleta de 1250 a 3200 angstroms (experimento de fotopolarmetro ultravioleta
de la Universidad de Wisconsin); y para obtener datos de los rayos X en el paso banda entre
0,3 y 12 electronvoltios (Telescopio de Rayos X de Banda Ancha, BBXRT por sus siglas en
ingls). Despus de que los variados objetivos cientficos y astronmicos de tres equipos de
instrumentos se haban entrelazado, se planificaron observaciones simultneas a travs de los
mismos.
The telescopes were mounted on a Spacelab pallet in the payload bay of the shuttle (flight STS-
35). The Spacelab Instrument Pointing System (IPS), pallets, and avionics were utilized for
attachment to the Shuttle and for control and data handling. Astro-1 required both mission
specialists and payload specialists to control its operations from the Shuttle aft flight deck.
Instrument monitoring and quick-look data analysis were performed for real-time ground
operations. During the flight both on-board Digital Display Units malfunctioned, and the star
guidance system calibration was not possible. The observing sequences were rescheduled
during the flight, and instrument pointing was done by hand by the astronauts, and from the
ground.
As a result of the numerous technical glitches, the returned data volume was less than half of
that originally planned, and the scientific return was about 67% of the stated goals of the
mission. Astro-1 was returned to earth 17:54 U.T., December 11, 1990. However, the mission
was very successful in that 231 observations of 130 unique astronomical targetrs were made.
The follow-up flight, Astro-2, was dedicated to studies of many astronomical objects, and
included increasing participation of guest investigators.

Los telescopios se montaron en un el palet de un laboratorio espacial en la baha de carga del
transbordador (vuelo STS-35). El sistema de orientacin instrumental (IPS, por sus siglas en
ingls), los pales, y avinicos se utilizaron para el acoplamiento del transbordador, control, y el
procesamiento de datos. El Astro-1 requiri especialistas para las misiones, y especialistas en
baha de carga para controlar las operaciones del transbordador a pro y popa desde la cabina
de vuelo.
sistema de orientacin instrumental IPS