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Resumen y Abstract VII
Resumen
El resumen es una presentacin abreviada y precisa (la NTC 1486 de 2008 recomienda
La infertilidad es un problema que frecuente en la poblacin. La acupuntura es un
tratamiento para esta condicin pero no se hay evaluaciones de la eficacia desde la
medicina basada en la evidencia.
Objetivo
Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del uso de la acupuntura en el tratamiento de la
infertilidad.
Metodologa
Se realiz una revisin sistemtica buscando en de bases de datos (Pubmed, Embase,
Ovid y LiLaCS) ensayos clnicos y otros estudios en humanos donde se evale el uso de
la acupuntura en el manejo de la infertilidad. Se crearon dos grupos de anlisis uno para
ensayos clnicos y otro para otros diseos metodolgicos. Con los ensayos clnicos se
realiz un anlisis cualitativo y cuantitativo (meta-anlisis). Con los dems diseos se
realiz un anlisis cualitativo.
Resultados
Se incluyeron 11 ensayos clnicos, 4 estudios observacionales y 2 estudios cuasi
experimentales. En la infertilidad femenina la acupuntura no mostr resultados
significativamente diferentes. En la infertilidad masculina podra mejorar aspectos del
espermograma.
Conclusin
Con la evidencia actual se concluye que la acupuntura no es una herramienta efectiva
para manejo de infertilidad en mujeres. En hombre se presenta un efecto favorable.
Deben realizarse ms estudios.
Palabras claves: Acupuntura, infertilidad, infertilidad masculina, infertilidad femenina.
VIII Uso de la acupuntura en el tratamiento de la infertilidad. Revisin sistemtica
de la literatura
Abstract
Background
Infertility is a common problem in the population. Acupuncture is a treatment for this
condition but there is no performance evaluations from evidence-based medicine.
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of infertility.
Methodology
We conducted a systematic review searching databases (PubMed, Embase, Ovid and
Lilacs) clinical trials and other studies in humans to evaluate the use of acupuncture in
the management of infertility. There were two groups one for clinical analysis and one for
other methodological designs. In clinical trials conducted a qualitative and quantitative
analysis (meta-analysis). With other designs qualitative analysis was performed.
.
Results
We included 11 trials, four observational studies and two quasi-experimental studies. In
female infertility acupuncture showed no significantly different results. In male infertility
could improve aspects of semen.
Conclusion
With the current evidence is concluded that acupuncture is an effective tool for
management of infertility in women. In man presents a favorable effect. More studies are.
Keywords: Acupuncture, Infertility, male infertility, female infertility
Contenido IX
Contenido
Pg.
Resumen y Abstract
Lista de figuras
Lista de tablas
1. J ustificacin
2. Planteamiento del problema
3. Objetivos
3.1 Objetivo general
3.2 Objetivos especificos
4. Marco terico
4.1 Definicion
4.2 Impacto y aspectos epidemiolgicos
4.3 Enfoque y causas de la infertilidad
4.3.1 Evaluacin de factores masculinos
4.3.2 Evaluacin de factores femeninos
4.4 Tratamiento
4.5 Enfoque desde la medicina tradicional china
4.5.1 Infertilidad en medicina tradicional china
4.5.2 Integracin con la ciencia occidental
5. Metodologa
5.1 Criterios de inclusin de los estudios
5.1.1 Tipos de artculos
5.1.2 Tipos de pacientes
5.1.3 Intervenciones
5.1.4 Desenlaces
5.2 Criterios para la bsqueda de la literatura
5.2.1 Palabras clave y estrategias de bsqueda
VI
XI
XII
3
5
7
7
7
9
9
9
10
12
14
16
18
19
21
24
24
24
25
25
25
26
26
X Uso de la acupuntura en el tratamiento de la infertilidad. Revisin
sistemtica de la literatura
5.2.2 Bases de datos
5.2.3 Otras fuentes de bsqueda
5.3 Manejo y anlisis de los datos
5.3.1 Proceso de seleccin y clasificacin de estudios
5.3.2 Ensayos clnicos
5.3.2.1 Evaluacin de calidad y riesgo de sesgos
5.3.2.2 Extraccin y manejo de los datos
5.3.2.3 Heterogeneidad y medicin del efecto del tratamiento
5.3.2.4 Manejo de los datos perdidos
5.3.2.5 Evaluacin del sesgo de publicacin
5.3.2.6 Anlisis de sensibilidad y evaluacin por subgrupos
5.3.3 otros diseos metodolgicos
5.3.1 Evaluacin de calidad y riesgo de sesgos
5.3.2 Medicin del efecto del tratamiento
5.4 Criterios de exclusion
5.5 Consideraciones ticas
6. Resultados
6.1 Busqueda de la literatura
6.2 Caracteristicas de los estudios incluidos
6.3 Ensayos clnicos
6.3.1 Caractersticas de los estudios incluidos
6.3.2 Calidad y riesgo de sesgos
6.3.3 Efecto del tratamiento
6.4 Otros diseos metodologicos
6.4.1 Anlisis de calidad y riesgo de sesgos en los estudios
6.4.2 Efecto del tratamiento y resumen de hallazgos
7. Discusion
7.1 Busqueda de los estudios y calidad
7.2 Efecto del tratamiento
7.3 Otras consideraciones
7.4 Limitaciones del estudio
8. Conclusiones y recomendaciones
Anexo A. Escala de calidad metodolgica de J adad
Bibliografia
26
26
27
27
27
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
35
35
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42
48
48
50
53
53
54
55
56
59
61
63
Contenido XI
Lista de figuras
Pg.
Figura 1. Diagrama de flujo prisma.
Figura 2. Riesgo de sesgo global
Figura 3. Riesgo de sesgos para cada estudio
Figura 4. Grfica de embudo
Figura 5. Forest plot, acupuntura versus control, desenlace proporcin de
embarazos
Figura 6. Forest plot, acupuntura versus control, desenlace proporcin de
nacidos vivos
Figura 7. Forest plot, acupuntura versus acupuntura falsa, desenlace
proporcin de embarazos
Figura 8. Forest plot, acupuntura versus acupuntura falsa, desenlace
proporcin de nacidos vivos
Figura 9. Forest plot, acupuntura versus no acupuntura, desenlace proporcin
e embarazos, modelo de efectos fijos
Figura 10. Forest plot, acupuntura versus no acupuntura, desenlace proporcin
de embarazos, modelo de efectos aleatorios
Figura 11. Forest plot, acupuntura versus no acupuntura, desenlace proporcin
de nacidos vivos
Figura 12. Forest plot, Acupuntura D0 vs Acupuntura D2, desenlace proporcin
e embarazos
33
40
41
42
43
44
44
45
46
46
47
47
Lista de tablas
Pg.
A. Anexo: Escal a de cal i dad
met odol gi ca de Jadad
El estudio fue descrito como aleatorizado? Si__ No__
Se describe el mtodo para generar la aleatorizacin y este
mtodo es adecuado?
Si__ No__
El estudio es doble ciego? Si__ No__
Se describe el mtodo de cegamiento y este mtodo es
adecuado?
Si__ No__
Existi una descripcin de las prdidas y retiros del estudio? Si__ No__
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