SECRETARA DE EDUCACIN PBLICA ADMINISTRACIN FEDERAL DE SERVICIOS EDUCATIVOS EN EL DISTRITO FEDERAL DIRECCIN GENERAL DE OPERACIN DE SERVICIOS EDUCATIVOS COORDINACIN

SECTORIAL DE EDUCACIN SECUNDARIA SUBDIRECCIN DE OPERACIN DEPARTAMENTO DE COORDINACIN DE JEFES DE ENSEANZA

GUA DE ESTUDIO 2013-2013 Escuela Secundaria No. __________________________________________ Turno:____________ Especialidad: ______________________________________________________Grado: __________

La presente gua tiene como finalidad ayudarte en la preparacin para el examen que vas a presentar. Est elaborada conforme a los contenidos del programa oficial vigente. Para cada uno de los aspectos, encontrars una breve explicacin que te orienta para que entiendas los ejemplos que se ofrecen y puedas resolver los ejercicios que se presentan al final de esta gua.

UNIDAD 1: RECUERDOS.
PEDIR Y DAR INFORMACIN SOBRE EVENTOS PASADOS.

El tiempo pasado indica acciones que empezaron y terminaron en un cierto momento. Los verbos irregulares en tiempo pasado adoptan diferentes terminaciones (por lo que se deben memorizar).

is - was are - were go - went fall - fell do - did

En cambio a los regulares, se les agrega la terminacin

ed.

visit - visited
Observa:
Yesterday.

I You He She We They two three went to Puebla visited my aunt wrote a letter swam in Oaxtepec last

weekend. April. year.

years ago.

Was y were se utilizan para tiempo pasado.

I I You He She We They had a pet moved we they when he she you 10 years old.

was

were

I two He She We You They were classmates met last year. was a student three years ago. months ago.

Para preguntar por hechos pasados se usa Did, y para contestar did o

didnt. didnt = did not

you jump he rest Yes,

did.
he she

Did

she read they eat the boys

?
No,

they we

didnt.

Para preguntar informacin ms especfica se usa:

celebrated Who went What Where When Why How long you he

her birthday? to the party?

Rosalinda did. The students did. Dominoes.

play? go? dance?

To Rosalindas house. Last Sunday. Because they were happy. For two hours.

did

she we they

Observa el siguiente dilogo: Robert: What did you do last weekend? Alice: R: A: R: A: I went to Iguala. Do you know Iguala? Yes, I do. I visited it last year. What did you do there? I bought some gold jewelry, visited the town and ate iguana. I like gold jewelry too. Its beautiful! Yes, I think so.

DESCRIBIR LO QUE LA GENTE ESTABA HACIENDO EN UN CIERTO MOMENTO DEL PASADO.

Para describir actividades que se estaban llevando a cabo en un momento determinado del pasado y que fueron interrumpidas por otra (en pasado simple), se usa principal con terminacin ing. I he I cooking He She you they she

was o were, seguido del verbo

was
taking a shower

when
we

fell down.

I you You reading a book We They we they he

were
doing the homework

when
she

arrived.

Para preguntar se pueden utilizar expresiones como:

he

Was

she watching T.V. Brenda drawing we chatting when the lights went out ?

Were

you they

Y para contestar: I he she Yes, we you they No, we I

was.

he she

wasnt.

were.

you they

werent.

Cuando queremos preguntar qu se estaba haciendo en un momento determinado se utiliza

doing.

I he she

was
What

he she

doing when
you you we they

got home ?

were

we they

Para responder:

I He She You We They

was reading a book. having a cup of coffee. were

Analiza el siguiente texto:

Last Monday, when I arrived home after school, my sister

was playing the guitar, my brother was

repairing his bicycle, and my parents were watching TV, thats why I prepared my dinner and,
after that I went to visit my grandmother.

UNIDAD 2: REGLAS Y ADVERTENCIAS.

HACER ADVERTENCIAS Y ESTABLECER PROHIBICIONES. Para hacer advertencias se pueden emplear las siguientes expresiones, en forma imperativa.

Be careful! Warning! Keep away! Dangerous!

Observa lo siguiente:

Be careful! Wet floor.

Keep away from children!

Warning! Flammable gas.

Dangerous. Poison!

Para establecer prohibiciones se puede utilizar:

litter.

Do not
trespass.

parking camera

No
running cycling Teachers

in this area.

only.

6
Personnel leave the classroom Students

mustnt
take books out

without permission.

luggage

Never leave
a child

unattended.

mustnt = must not

Observa las siguientes seales:

Do not trespass.

Authorized personnel only.

No parking.

Never leave luggage unattended

EXPRESAR OBLIGACIN. Para expresar obligacin se utiliza must y have

to.

Must se utiliza en la misma forma con todas las personas.

I You He She We They

keep your helmet on.

must

arrive on time. study hard.

Have to cambia de acuerdo a la persona con la que se utilice.

He

has to
She I You prepare a presentation. study for the exam. leave the class early.

have to
We They

study hard.

Observa las siguientes expresiones:

I have

to study for my exam tomorrow.

She has

to make the bed every day.

Students must wear a uniform.

You must come early.

They must ride on the left side of the road.

UNIDAD 3: COMIDA Y BEBIDA.

ORDENAR COMIDA.

Para ordenar alimentos y bebidas en un restaurante, puedes emplear o escuchar expresiones como stas:

WAITER / WAITRESS

CUSTOMER
Can I have the menu, please?

May I take your order, Sir? Are you ready to order? Would you like to order now?

Ill have

a chicken a vegetable an onion a chef a fruit a fish a hamburger.

soup.

salad.

What would you like to drink? Anything to drink? Id like Would you like a dessert? What do you have for dessert?

a soda. a bottle of water. a lemon pie. a chocolate cake. an almond cake. an ice cream, please. Bring me the bill, please.

Anything else? Here you are.

HABLAR DE COMIDA Y DAR RECETAS DE COCINA.

Para preguntar y contestar acerca de platillos favoritos y su pas de origen, utilizamos: mole. pizza. hamburgers. hot dogs. tacos.

My favorite dish is Whats your favorite dish? I love

Yes, I do. Do you like carrot juice? No, I dont like it. No, I prefer orange juice.

paella
is spaghetti It is from from? are hamburgers bagels

sushi Where

Spain. Italy. Japan.

They are from the United States.

9
Para dar instrucciones para preparar alimentos, podemos usar expresiones como stas: Cut the carrots into pieces. Mix the flour and the cheese. Add some salt. Beat the eggs. Chop the onion. Peel the bananas. Bake the cake. Boil the chicken. Combine the ingredients.

Para preguntar y contestar sobre cantidades de ingredientes que necesitas para preparar un platillo, puedes emplear enunciados como los siguientes:

What do we need to prepare fried chicken? oil flour salt do we need? How many teaspoons of pepper pieces of chicken eggs

How much

Para contestar se utiliza: We need 1 chicken. a pound of flour. 4 eggs. 1 teaspoon of pepper. 1 cup of parmesan cheese. Para indicar los pasos de preparacin de un platillo se usa: First Then Next After that Finally Observa la receta: First, cut the chicken into serving pieces. Then combine flour, cheese, salt and pepper. Next, dip chicken in beaten eggs. After that, roll chicken in the mixture. Then fry in hot oil over high flame until brown. Finally, cover frying pan and reduce heat to low. UNIDAD 4: PLANEANDO

VACACIONES.

10

UNIDAD 4: PLANEANDO VACACIONES.

PEDIR Y DAR INFORMACIN SOBRE VIAJES.

Para hacer una reservacin o dar informes sobre un viaje, se pueden utilizar enunciados como los siguientes:

TRAVEL AGENT
Can I help you? Where do you want to go? How about Cancun? There are beautiful beaches there. Its $ 7,000 pesos. How do you want to pay? Heres your ticket.

CLIENT
Yes, Id like to book a trip. Id like to go to the beach. Sounds good. How much is a two-week trip?

Its O.K. By check. Thank you.

Para pedir y dar informacin sobre medios de transporte y experiencias relacionados con viajes de vacaciones, usa expresiones como stas: AT LA RIVIERA MAYA

TOURIST
Whats the weather like in Xcaret? How can I get to Xcaret? Which is the cheapest transportation? What time is the next bus leaving? Where can I buy some souvenirs? Are there any banks near here?

POLICEMAN
Its sunny. By car or by bus. The bus. At 3 oclock. At the mall. There is one on Hidalgo Street.

Lee el texto:

Enrique is from Mexico City. He just arrived in la Riviera Maya by plane; he is now at the airport. He wants to visit Xcaret; he can get there by bus. Next, he wants to buy some souvenirs and to enjoy the typical food.

11
HABLAR SOBRE PLANES FUTUROS.

Para expresar acciones, actividades y planes que se realizarn, o no, en el futuro se utilizan enunciados como los siguientes:

attend a conference. I am am not visit a friend. go to the cinema. He She is is not isnt* going to swim in the sea. go to Canada. travel to Europe. We You They are are not arent* take pictures. stay in a hotel.

*isnt = is not. *arent = are not.

Para preguntar:

go to Niagara Falls?
he Is she going to we you they

visit some relatives? fly to Spain? have vacation? attend a summer camp?

Are

Para contestar:

I he

am. is.

I he

am not. isnt.

Yes,

she we you they

No,

she we you they

are.

arent.

12
UNIDAD 5: VIDA EN EL FUTURO.

HACER PREDICCIONES SOBRE EL FUTURO.

Cuando se hacen predicciones sobre el futuro, se utilizan enunciados que se pueden construir en base a los siguientes cuadros:

I He

start a new romance. have serious problems. will

She will not We wont You They My brother

receive a gift. meet a new friend. have a fight with a friend.

wont = will not.

Para preguntar:

he she Will it we you they my brother

have a great time. work on holidays. go to college. be rich. get married.

Para contestar:

I she Yes, we you they will. No,

I she we you they wont.

13
EXPRESAR GRADOS DE CERTEZA Y DUDA.

maybe I will definitely

take a trip to France next year. call you for an appointment.

Existen adverbios que enfatizan grados de certeza. Ejemplos:

Expresa mayor grado de certeza. Sure

Expresa menos grado de certeza. Maybe

Se usan los verbos THINK y BELIEVE para expresar opiniones:

think We dont believe

that students are going to study more.

oceans will increase their water level.

14
Si deseas ampliar la informacin que se te proporciona en esta gua puedes recurrir a cualquiera de los libros de texto recomendados por la S.E.P. de acuerdo al programa vigente, donde encontrars ms explicaciones, vocabulario y ejercicios.

Adems te presentamos una serie de ejercicios que te ayudarn a practicar los diferentes aspectos de la gua.

I. COMPLETA EL DILOGO CON LAS PALABRAS DEL RECTNGULO.

WALK

DID

WENT

STUDENTS

DIDNT

WORK

John:

My trip to New York was wonderful !

Peter: Really ? Did you ____________ a lot ? J: P: J: P: J: Yes, I worked for 3 days. I interviewed the ____________ that were delegates. What else ____________ you do ? I ____________ to the opera. Did you ____________ in Central Park ? No, I ____________.

II. COMPLETA EL SIGUIENTE TEXTO CON LAS PALABRAS DEL RECTNGULO.

SWIMMING

NOISE

WERE

WHEN

WAS

HAD

Yesterday, a German family ____________ a very close encounter with a bear, while they

____________ having a picnic. The little child was ____________ in the lake; Mrs. Krug ____________

making some sandwiches and Mr. Krug was taking some pictures when they heard a ____________. A

bear was walking toward them ____________ four rangers arrived and scared the bear away.

15
III. RELACIONA LAS EXPRESIONES CON LOS DIBUJOS.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Be careful! Slippery floor. Dangerous curve. No cameras. Warning! Flammable.

5. No smoking in this area. 6. Do not trespass. 7. Danger! Poison.

IV. DESPUS DE LEER EL SIGUIENTE TEXTO, RELACIONA LAS COLUMNAS DE ACUERDO A LA INFORMACIN.

We are just beginning to understand the benefits provided by the rainforest. Here are two of the reasons this ecosystem is so vital. The rainforest is home to more species of plants and animals than any other ecosystem and they maintain the Earths limited supply of fresh water. Rainforests are the most threatened habitat on Earth because people are destroying thousands of acres every day. To solve this problem we must stop the expansion of farm lands and we have to stop illegal lumbering.

1. The rainforest maintains 2. They are the most 3. We must stop 4. Deserts are 5. People are destroying 6. We have to

( ) thousand of acres every day. ( ) stop illegal lumbering. ( ) the Earth limited supply of fresh water. ( ) threatened habitat on Earth. ( ) the expansion of farm lands.

V. COMPLETA CON LAS PALABRAS DEL RECTNGULO. HAS MUST UNIFORMS DO MUSTNT YOU HAVE

I must _______ my homework. Robert ________ to study for the exam. We _________ to prepare our presentations. Students must wear_________ .

_______ have to arrive on time. She _______ wear a lab coat on Science laboratory. Students ________ leave the classroom without permission.

16
VI. SUBRAYA LAS PALABRAS QUE COMPLETAN LOS ENUNCIADOS.

WAITER:

Good afternoon, Sir. Here is the a) bill. b) check. Thanks, a tomato soup and a hamburger. a) order b) Ill have What would you like to? Lemonade or soda? a) drink b) eat

c) menu.

CUSTOMER:

c) pay

W:

c) want

C:

I sodas. Bring me some cold lemonade, please. a) dont b) hate c) buy And for? The chocolate cake is delicious. a) soup b) roast beef Oh! Yes, I chocolate cake. a) love b) dont Coffee or tea? No, thank you. Bring me the bill.

W:

c) dessert

C:

c) hate

W: C:

VII. NUMERA LAS INSTRUCCIONES EN EL ORDEN CORRECTO.

___ Finally, serve on a plate.

__3_ Next, scramble the eggs. ____ First, pour some oil in the pan. ____ After that, add some salt. ____ Then put two eggs in the pan.

VIII. LEE EL TEXTO Y RELACIONA AMBAS COLUMNAS. The Whites are at home now. They are preparing their luggage. Theyre going to Acapulco next week. Mr. White is going to take his camera with him. Mrs. White is going to spend all day by the pool. The children are going to play volleyball. a) b) c) d) When are they going to Acapulco? Is the White family in Acapulco? Are the boys going to play volleyball? Are they going to spend their vacation at home? What is Mr. White going to do? Is Mrs. White going to swim in the sea? ( ( ( ( ) No, she isnt. ) He is going to take some photos. ) No, they arent. ) Yes, they are.

e) f)

( ( (

) No, its at home. ) The Whites are. ) Next week.

17
IX. COMPLETA EL SIGUIENTE DILOGO UTILIZANDO LAS EXPRESIONES QUE SE ENCUENTRAN EN EL RECTNGULO. $ 3000 THANK YOU 3 HOURS A SINGLE TODAY 9:30 A.M. CASH

TICKETSELLER: Excuse me, can I help you? JAMES: Yes, I want ____________________ ticket to Miami, please. T: When do you want to travel? J:

___________________. What time is the next flight to Miami?

T: We have flights at 9:30 and 11 oclock. What time do you want to leave? J: At ____________________. How long does it take? T: It takes _____________________. J: How much is it? T: Its ____________________. How do you want to pay? J: ___________________. T: Heres your ticket and your boarding pass. Have a good trip! J: ____________________.

X. COMPLETA LA CONVERSACIN CON LAS PALABRAS DEL RECTNGULO.

CAPITAL HOT

GIVE ME TELL

SPEAK

THEY ARE NORTHEASTERN

ARTURO: Hello! Can you ____________________ some information about Egypt? TRAVEL AGENT: Are you planning to go there? I have a trip promotion to go to Egypt. A: Yes, Id like to go there. T: O.K. Egypt is in the ____________________ part of Africa. Its ___________________ is Cairo. A: What can you ____________________ me about the weather? T: Its very ____________________ because its in the desert. A: What language do people ____________________ there? T: Arabian. A: Are the pyramids of Giza in Egypt? T

: Yes,____________________.They are wonderful, youll like them.

18
XI LEE EL TEXTO Y CONTESTA LAS PREGUNTAS.

THE HISTORY OF THE HAMBURGER. Its the most eaten food in the whole world. An American chef called Louis Lassen invented it in Connecticut in 1895. German sailors from Hamburg gave him the recipe. The hamburger became a favorite in the U.S.A. In 1948, two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald opened a drive-in restaurant in San Bernardino, California, to sell hamburgers. Now 35 million people eat a McDonalds hamburger everyday in 115 different countries.

Which is the most eaten food in the world? _________________________________________________________

Who invented the hamburger? _________________________________________________________

How many people eat at McDonalds now? _________________________________________________________

In how many countries are hamburgers sold? _________________________________________________________

XII. COMPLETA EL SIGUIENTE DILOGO CON LAS PALABRAS QUE ESTN EN EL RECTNGULO

ANY PACKAGES ONE

NEED OIL

SAUCE SPAGHETTI

SUSAN: I want to make ___________________. MARIA: What do you need? S: Is there ___________________ spaghetti? M: No, there isnt. How much do you need? S: I need two ___________________. Are there any onions? M: No, there arent. How many do you ____________________? S: I need ____________________. I also need three tablespoons of olive

____________________, two cups of tomato ___________________, ah!... and two oranges.

19
XII. LEE EL SIGUIENTE DILOGO Y RELACIONA LAS COLUMNAS QUE APARECEN EN SEGUIDA.

GABY:

What a horrible weather today. I d love to go out, but I think it will continue raining.

CLAUDIA: Perhaps the sun will come out later this afternoon.

GABY :

Listen, I am going to have a party this Saturday. Would you like to come?

CLAUDIA : Thank you for inviting me. Who is going to come to the party?

GABY :

Well, some people will be at home but Arturo and Carlos are going to help me with the cooking.

CLAUDIA : Hey, I ll help too! I will make lasagna!

GABY :

That sounds delicious! I know my Italian friends are going to be there. They will bring some handbags for us.

CLAUDIA : Oh, good! I will choose a leather one. Perhaps the Italians will cook a cake.

GABY :

No, they dont like that. They will make a pizza.

CLAUDIA : Are you going to listen to any special music in your party?

GABY:

Oh yes, lend me some CDs I am going to listen the Beatles.

) Will Arthur and Carlos cook spaghetti ?

A.- Yes, she is.

) Will the Italian friends bring hand bags ?

B.- No, he isnt.

) Is Claudia going to help Gaby ?

C.- No, they wont.

) Is Gaby going to listen to classical music ?

D.- No, they arent.

) Is Carlos going to dance Mambo ?

E.- No, we wont.

) Are the Italian boys going to cook mole ?

F.- No, she isnt. G.- Yes, they will.

20

XIV. COMPLETA USANDO LAS PALABRAS DEL RECTNGULO.

THINK
Hi, Rosa!

TRAVEL

MAYBEL

DEFINITELY

SURE

AM

GOING

How are you? Im fime. I have some plans for the next summer holiday. I __________ probably __________ to visit my aunt in Morelia. __________ my aunt and I will __________ to other cities in Michoacan. Im _________ Im going to liken it a lot. I dont __________ Ill stay more than two weeks. I told my aunt I wanted to go to Paracho she told me its very far away and very hot at this time of the year. Anyway, Im __________ going to have a good time. Thats for sure! Ill write to you when I come back. Love, Pedro.