Major Project Review - I

WIRELESS SECURED COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING DEVICE FOR

LOC AREA

PRIYANKA S 1DA21EC414
RADHIKA U 1DA21EC416
RANJITHA R S 1DA21EC418
VAISHNAVI 1DA21EC423

Under the Guidance of

Dr.Umadevi H
Professor ,Department of ECE

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 1

Contents
• Introduction
• Objectives
• Literature Survey
• Methodology
• Design Requirements and Specifications
• Applications
• Advantages
• References

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 2

Introduction

• The Kargil War was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place
between May and July 1999 in Kargil and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC).
• The cause of the war was the infiltration of Pakistani soldiers and Kashmiri militants into
positions on the Indian side of the LOC, which serves as the de facto border between
the two states.
• During the initial stages of the war, Pakistan blamed the fighting entirely on
independent Kashmiri insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later
statements by Pakistan's Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff showed involvement of
Pakistani paramilitary forces, led by General Ashraf Rashid.
• The Indian Army, later on supported by the Indian Air Force, recaptured a majority of
the positions on the Indian side of the LOC infiltrated by the Pakistani troops and
militants.
• With international diplomatic opposition, the Pakistani forces withdrew from the
remaining Indian positions along the LOC.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 3

• Indian government had to face huge loss because of this war. Human loss, machine loss, aircrafts,
tankers.
• Indian economy decreased by 38%, cost of all commodities increased, taxes increased altogether
we had to face tremendous loss .
• This project is a solution for this at the protected area and LOC(Line of Control).
• This Project is an IR & camera-based security system for protected areas & borders, which senses
the Intruders, trespassers and transfer video to other end.
• For confirmation In this Project, we are going to have an IR Sensor which senses any intruders /
trespassers and will activate the alarm as well as switch on the guns in that particular place.
• In this project we will shoot the intruder when he crosses the border, the bullet is equipped with
a GPS facility if the intruder escapes then we can track him with the help of ARM 11 devices or
smartphone.
• It will also activate the Camera, which will start capture the live video and transmit the same to
the receiver end, the smart phone In the same time, it will start gives alarm and the data will
transfer through the RF Transmitter & Receiver to the mobile device
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 4
AIT
Objectives

 To design & implement a cost-effective PAC BOT which is based on the 360-degree surveillance
and shooting techniques and to resolve all the mentioned problems in the existing system.
 The aim of the project is to design, manufacture and operate via a Smart phone, used as remote-
control device can shoot Intruder accordingly with the ground surface where Intruder ismoving,
coupled to sensors that can precisely identify ground movements.
 On the other hand, we also created a system which can receive and decipher information received
from the Smart phone using IOT to further pilot motors which in turn drive the robot in any
required direction.
 Furthermore.
 Camera is attached to show the real time data wireless through RF
 Metal sensor to detect metal arm and weapons if any.
 PIR sensor to detect human intruders or soldiers beneath the earth.
 IR sensor is used for the obstacle detection and also Gas sensor is used to detect the particular
gases with the air,all these values or updated in the website for every predefined time.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 5

 Literature Survey

 Design and Development of multifunctional Robot for Military purpose Applications

 Robots are specially design for various purposes like military purpose, industry, for home-
based application.
 At border different types of tanks, missiles and guns are used by the enemy.
 This causes problems and will harm our force or soldiers.
 To address the above problem a robot is designed and developed for military purpose
application to protect our army.
 The method involves a biped walking robot using parallel leg mechanism i.e., PLM which
includes different functions like capturing real world data using digital image processing used
to detect its obstacle which is found in its path.
Limitations:
 The limitations in the system is that it can move only on plain surfaces, but coming to the
system fails to perform the operation effectively.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 6

 Touch screen-controlled Defense Robot
 The robot system can be built with the existing economic conditions that can be used for different
sophisticated robotic applications.
 The control system consists of Touch screen and ZigBee modules, a microcontroller that controls the
robot.
 The system provides continuous visual monitoring through the wireless camera attached to the robot and
sends continuous data to the control unit.
 A multifunctional Robot is been designed according to the specifications made above which uses ZigBee
Technology.
Limitations:
 Zigbee cannot be used to cover very long distance, it can only deal with low complexities and is very slow.
 Due to their low range coverage the current project uses GSM, which is used in concentrators to transmit
data to the main station, or in high end multi-function meters.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 7

AIT
 . IOT based Surveillance Robot
 The proposed security solution hinges on our novel integration of camera on Raspberry Pi. Raspberry Pi
operates and controls video camera for surveillance and records video for future playback.
 The other major advantage is that it is a simple circuit where particular operating system has to be installed
so that the image can be displayed.
Limitations:
 Raspberry Pi consumes more power when compared to a PC using INTEL Pentium 2 processor.
 The Raspberry Pi’s memory is also limited which is been overcome in the current proposed system which
uses External EEPROM memory AT24C02/4/8/16/32A having high flexibility in volume.
 Raspberry Pi uses L293D Driver chip.
 The disadvantage of this is, it has a 1.5 voltage drop within the chip.
 Also, using Raspberry Pi the performance decreases significantly,.
 It also has less Graphical capabilities and can only be programmed on limited number of languages.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 8

AIT
IOT Based Wireless Multifunctional Robot for Military Applications
 The project is presenting an IOT Based Wireless multifunctional robot for military application
with Raspberry pi 3 using MQTT protocol.
 It is done by integrating various sensors, Cameras, Grippers and actuators into web application
using MQTT and HTTP protocol.
Limitations:
 The system uses ARDUINO controller which has only 10 bits of resolution which is the
disadvantage of it.
 RASPBERRY PI 3 consumes more power when compared to any other PC using INTEL Pentium 2
processor and also have got limited memory.
 MQTT protocol also has many disadvantages like SYN attacks, sequence manipulation, amorphous
identification, DNS flaws.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 9

AIT
Wireless Multifunctional Robot for Military Applications.
 The system presents a modern approach for surveillance at remote and border areas using multifunctional
robot based on current 3G technology used in defense and military applications.
 The robotic vehicle has ability to substitute the solider at border areas to provide surveillance.
 The robotic vehicle works both as autonomous and manually controlled vehicle using internet as
communication medium.
 This multisensory robot used to detect human, bombs, harmful gases and fire at remote and war field
areas. The robot functionality is been controlled by PIC18F452 controller.
Limitations:
 The PIC18F452 controller uses RISC computation, which makes the program lengthy.
 In the PIC controller program memory is not accessible and only a single accumulator is present for
computations

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 10

AIT
 Block diagram
Methodology
Live human detection
sensor

mines
MOTOR MOTOR sensor

Stepper motor

RELAY RELAY
Harmful
gas ULN
sensor

RELAY
DRIVER Microcontroller Kit

Power Supply

Sensor Signal Conditioner

Wireless Tx
IR Circuit

IrDA

LASER GUN

Relay

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 11

AIT
 ARM 11. ANDROID RECEIVER SIDE

phone

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 12

AIT
Design Requirements and Specifications

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
❖ Power Supply 5v DC - 7805, 7812
❖ Micro controller - ESP 32
❖ External EEPROM memory - AT24C02/4/8/16/32A
❖ Real Time Clock (RTC) - DS1307 (www.Dallas.Com)
❖ Serial Communication - MAX 232
❖ L298 H BRIDGE DRIVER
❖ MOTORS
❖ CLAMPS
❖ WHEELS
❖ STEPPER MOTOR
❖ LASER GUN
❖ SURGICAL STRIKE SENSOR
❖ LIVE HUMAN DETECTION SENSOR
❖ MINES DETECTION SENSOR
❖ ULN DRIVER
❖ CAMERA
❖ INTRUDER SENSORS
❖ GPS receiver (with license).
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 13
1. MICROCONTROLLER ESP32

 Processors:CPU: Xtensa dual-core (or single-core) 32-bit LX6

microprocessor, operating at 160 or 240 MHz
 Memory: 520 KiB RAM, 448 KiB ROM
 Wireless connectivity:Wi-Fi: 802.11 b/g/n
 Peripheral interfaces:34 × programmable GPIOs,12 bit SAR
ADC upto 18 channels.
 Ethernet MAC interface
 Infrared remote controller
 Security:IEEE 802.11 standard security features all
supported,WLAN Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure
(WAPI)
 Power management:Internal low-dropout
regulator,Individual power domain for RTC5 μA deep sleep
currentWake up from GPIO interrupt, timer, ADC
measurements, capacitive touch sensor interrupt

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 14

AIT
2. REAL TIME CLOCK (RTC) DS1307

 The DS1307 Serial Real-Time Clock is a low-power, full binary-coded decimal (BCD)
clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM.
 Address and data are transferred serially via a 2-wire, bi-directional bus.
 The clock/calendar provides seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, and year
information.
 The clock operates in either the 24-hour or 12-hour format with AM/PM indicator.
 The DS1307 has a built-in power sense circuit that detects power failures and
automatically switches to the battery supply.
 56-byte, battery-backed, nonvolatile (NV) RAM for data storage
 Two-wire serial interface
 Programmable squarewave output signal
 Automatic power-fail detect and switch circuitry
 Consumes less than 500nA in battery backup mode with oscillator running
 Optional industrial temperature range: -40°C to +85°C
 Available in 8-pin DIP or SOIC

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 15

AIT
6. INTRUDER SENSOR

 Intrusion sensors are meant to determine whether an unauthorized

person has accessed, or attempted to access, a protected area.
 Various types of sensors can be placed around the perimeter of a
facility, around a smaller area within the facility, or on a particular
spot or item .
 They typically incorporate a short delay prior to generating an alarm,
in order to allow an authorized person to deactivate the system
without sending a false alarm to the monitoring station.

7. CAMERA

 A camera is an optical instrument used to capture and store images and

videos, either digitally via an electronic image sensor, or chemically via a
light-sensitive material such as photographic film.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 16

AIT
8. GPS RECEIVER

 GPS receivers capture at least four of the satellite transmissions and

use differences in signal arrival times to triangulate the receiver’s
location.
 By complementing GPS receivers with electronic compasses, more
precise and instantaneous headings are provided to aid navigation for
air, ground, and water-based systems.
 It is used for navigation,Only its position in the universe and event
records, including its location's longitude and latitude, are evaluated by
the module.
 These flexible and cost-effective receivers provide a variety of
connectivity choices in a compact package.
 Even in the most difficult environments,it performs brilliantly in terms
of navigation .

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 17

AIT
Applications

• For connectivity, mobility and remote monitoring, wireless continues to show the world that it is a
reliable and flexible transmission method.
• Wireless solutions handle harsh environments with ease and provide secure data communications.
• In hybrid systems, wireless coexists efficiently with hardwired solutions such as coaxial, structured
wiring and fiber to protect facilities and commercial enterprise.
• It’s more than a simple point-and-shoot transmission method.
• Wireless Security:
• IP solutions, especially video, are where wireless shines.
• Municipalities, cities and other jurisdictions continue to deploy wireless for surveillance.
• IP video surveillance system to aid in deterring, detecting and investigating crime in its central
business district.
• Mobile equals global:
• Wireless communication continues to extend and promote a global business in many ways.
• For security command centers, wireless such as Internet protocol-based (IP) systems, coupled with
in-house local and wide area networks (LANs and WANs) allow on-the-fly and remote camera
surveillance and physical security deployment anywhere in the world.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 18
.
• Management and accountability instantly become centralized. Physical security and information
technology work together in such a way that the protected premises benefit with the ability to
initiate proactive security measures.
• In sensors, access control and locking hardware, wireless provides robust communication
typography.
• wireless intrusion sensors and supervisory detectors have become reliable devices that
accommodate the environment and its characteristics.
• The latest innovations in wireless sensing technologies have focused on microprocessor
advancements and immunity to radio frequency interference from stray sources, and the result
is a new breed of sensor that can be used in harsh industrial signaling.

• Critical Infrastructure Protection:

• In addition to security intrusion applications using passive infrared devices or dual-technology
sensors, wireless detectors extend the realm of practicality and increasingly are used for critical
infrastructure protection.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. 19

AIT
Advantages

 ROBUST : A micro controller AT89C52 is used in the proposed system which has many advantages
when compared to ARDUINO.Microcontroller AT89C52 has fast clock speeds and a wonderful variety
of peripherals, making it more robust. On the other end of the spectrum, there are minuscule devices
that can provide long battery life.
 EFFICIENT : RASPBERRY PI has a limited amount of memory to save any data in it. The proposed
system uses Microcontroller AT89C52 which has memory space 10 times more than RASPBERRY PI
and is much more efficient.
 COST EFFECTIVE : GSM technology has been matured since long and hence are widely used. GSM
provides a very cost-effective solution and is easy to maintain due to availability of large number of
network engineers at an affordable cost.
 SOCIAL IMPACT : INDIAN government had to face huge loss because of wars and the Indian economy
decreased by 38% due to it. The proposed system replaces soldiers in order to save lives. The robot
strikes fear in intruders mind and decreases the amount of trespassing on the border.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 20

 References

 Bhawana D. Parate and Jagruti J. Shah, “Design and Development of Multifunctional Robot for
Military Purpose Application”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications IJERA
ISSN: 2248-9622 International Conference on Industrial Automation and Computing ICIAC- 12-13th
April 2014.
 Ramesh Nayak and Mithuna Shetty, “Touch Screen Controlled Defense Robot”, The IIOAB General,
4th April 2016.
 Sweta Deshmukh, Priyadarshini, Mamta Madhura Deshmukh, Dr.Md. Bakar, “IOT Based
Surveillance Robot”, 2nd National Conference on Recent Advances in Engineering and Technology,
NCRAET 2017.
 Vishal L. Mate, Mayuri B. Borse, KomalPatalpure, Bhagyashree Pawar, “IoT Based Wireless
Multifunctional Robot for Military Applications IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396- 4295”, Vol-3 Issue-2
2017.
 Tarun Preet Kaur, Dilip Kumar, “Wireless Multifunctional Robot for Military Applications”
Proceedings of 2015 RAECS UIET Panjab University Chandigarh 21-22nd , December 2015.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. AIT 21