Conferencia 4.

Análisis matricial 2D

Introducción al Método de los

Elementos Finitos
para ingenieros civiles

Profesor: Dr. Ing. Félix Michael Hernández López

fmichaelhl@gmail.com
 ARMADURAS PLANAS (REACCIONES)
Ry (2e )
R2( e )
L(e )
Rx (2e )
2
T
y
Ry1( e )

 Rx1
(e)
 R1( e ) cos   Rx2
(e)
 R2( e ) cos 
1  (e) y  (e)
y' Rx1( e )
 y1
R  R1
(e)
sin   y 2
R  R2
(e)
sin 
R1( e )
x'

x (e) (e)
T: es el vector unitario en la dirección  Rx1   Rx 2 
de la barra (cosenos directores)! R   T  R1( e ) y    T  R2( e )
 y1   Ry 2 
 l  cos  
   
T  
  
m sin  
ARMADURAS PLANAS (DESPLAZAMIENTOS)

 2( e )
L(e)
  y( e2)
2  x( 2e )
T
y  1( e )   x1( e ) cos    y1
(e)
sin 
1( e )
 (e)  2( e )   x2
(e)
cos    y( 2e ) sin 
1  y1

y'  (e)
x1
 x1   x 2 
(e) (e)
x'
 1( e )  T  y  2( e )  T 
T T
   
x  y1   y2 
T: es el vector unitario en la dirección de la barra!
cos  
T    
 sin  
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

 2( e )
L(e )
Para que el sistema se halle en
2 equilibrio en las direcciones x’y’
R2( e ) debe cumplirse que :
y 1( e )
 EA   1  1 1 
(e) (e)
 R1 
(e)

R       
 2  L    1 1  2 
1
y' R1( e )
 1 
(e)
 EA 
x' R (e)
1   1 1  
  L   2
x  1 
(e)
 EA 
R (e)
2    1 1  
 L   2
 ARMADURAS PLANAS
Multiplicando todos los términos por el vector [T]

 1 
(e)
 EA 
T  .R (e)
1  T  .  1 1  
 L   2
 1 
(e)
 EA 
T  .R (e)
2  T  .   1 1  
 L   2
SUSTITUYENDO
 xi 
(e) (e)
 Rxi 
T  R     T 
(e) (e) T
i i  
 Ryi   yi 

 x1   x 2 
(e) (e) (e)
 Rx1   EA 
(e)
 EA 
(e)

  T.   .T   T .   .T 

T T
R     
 y1   L   y1   L   y2 
 x1   x2 
(e) (e) (e)
 Rx2   EA 
(e)
 EA 
(e)

  T  . .T   T  . .T 
T T
R       
 y2   L   y1   L   y2 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

K11
(e)
 K12
(e)

 x1   x 2 
(e) (e) (e)
 Rx1   EA 
(e)
 EA 
(e)

 T  .   .T   T .   .T 
T T
R     
 y1   L   y1   L   y2 
K (21e )  K (22e ) 
 x1   x2 
(e) (e) (e)
 Rx2   EA 
(e)
 EA 
(e)

  T  . .T   T  . .T 
T T
R       
 y2   L   y1   L   y2 

 Rx1      x1 
 R   K11   K12     
 y1      y1 
 Rx 2     x 2 
   K 21  K 22    
 y 2  
R 
  y 2 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

 K11
(e)
    K12
(e)
    K 21
(e)
   K 22
(e)
 
 Rx1    x1 
(e)
 EA 
 T T 
T
 R   K ( e )  K12(e)
    y1  
 y1     11   L 
 
 Rx 2   K ( e )  K (22e )    x 2   cos 2  sin  cos  
(e)
 EA 
    21       
 Ry 2   y 2   L   sin  cos  sin 2  

 Rx1   l2 l.m l 2 l.m    x 1 

R  (e)  2 
 l  cos    y1    EA   l.m
2

l.m m   y1 
T      
m
  Rx2   L   l 2 l.m l 2 l.m   x2 
 m   sin      2  
 Ry 2   l.m m
2
l.m m   y 2 
 ARMADURAS ESPACIALES 3D

 Rx1    x1 
R     K11
(e)
    K12 (e)
    K 21
(e)
   K 22
(e)
 
 y1   y1 

 Rz1   11  (3 x 3)
 K (e)
K12 
(e)
 
    (e)
(3 x 3)
   z1   EA 
(e) (e)  l 
 EA   
 Rx 2   K 21  (3 x 3)   x 2   K11      m  l m n
(e) T
K (22e )  


TT 
 
 Ry 2  
(3 x 3)  L L
( 3 x3 )

 y 2   n 
   
 Ry 3   z 2 

 Rx1   l 2 l.m l.n l 2 l.m l.n    x1 

R    
 y1   m.l m2 m.n m.l m 2 m.n    y1 
 Rz1   n.l n.m n2 n.l n.m n 2    z1 
  2  
 Rx 2   l l.m l.n l2 l.m l.n   x 2 
 Ry 2   m.l m 2 m.n m.l m2 m.n   y 2 
    
 Ry 3   n.l n.m n 2 n.l n.m n   z 2 
2
 ARMADURAS PLANAS
m

MONTAJE DE LA MATRIZ RIGIDEZ r 2

i
1
i m

    
    xi   Rxi 
i
 K11
(e)
 K12
(e)
    yi   Ryi 
     
    
m  K 
(e)
K (e)    xmym   RRxmym 
 21 22
   
     
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

EJEMPLO

Ry 2
1 EA(1) 2

1 Rx 2

EA ( 2)
L 2
EA  EA
(1)

EA  EA
( 2)

3
L
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ PARA EL ELEMENTO 1

Ry 2
Global 1 EA (1)
2

Local 1(1) 1 2(1) R y1

(1)
 EA 
 K 11     K 12     K 21    K 22    T T  
(1) (1) (1) (1) T

 L 
 EA   cos 2 0 sin 0 cos 0  EA  1
(1)
0
 
L  sin 0 cos 0
2
sin 0  L 0 0 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS R y2

MATRIZ DEL ELEMENTO 2 2( 2)

2 R y1

L
EA( 2)
2
( 2)
1

3
L

(2)
 EA 
 K 11     K 12     K 21    K 22    T T  
(2) (2) (2) (2) T

 L 
1 1
   cos 2 45 sin 45 cos 45   EA  2 2
(2)
EA
 2   
2L  sin 45 cos 45 sin 45  2L  1 1
 2 2 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ GLOBAL ELEMENTO 1

Global 1 (EA)(1) 2
EA 1 0
(1)

L 0 0
K 11 Local 1 1 2

1
1 0    x1   Rx1 
0 0     R  1
   y1   y1 
EA    x 2   Rx 2 
     
L    y 2   R y 2 
   x 3   Rx 3 
    
   y 3   R y 3 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ GLOBAL ELEMENTO 1

Global 1 (EA)(1)
EA  1 0
2
(1)

L  0 0
K 12 Local 1 1 2

2
1 0  1 0    x1   Rx1 
0 0 0 0     R  1
   y1   y1 
EA    x 2   Rx 2 
     
L    y 2   R y 2 
   x 3   Rx 3 
    
   y 3   R y 3 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ GLOBAL
ELEMENTO 1
EA  1 0 Global 1 (EA)(1) 2
(1)

L  0 0
K 21
Local 1 1 2

1
1 0 1 0    x1   Rx1 
0 0 0 0     R 
   y1   y1 
EA  1 0   x 2   Rx 2 
      2
L 0 0   y 2   R y 2 
   x 3   Rx 3 
    
   y 3   R y 3 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ GLOBAL 2
ELEMENTO 2
    (EA)(2)
EA  2 2 2 2 Global 3
2
( 2)
   
K
L   2
11

 2 2 2 2  Local 1
2
1 0 1 0 
0    x1   Rx1 
 0 0 0    y1   R y1 
 1      
0 1
EA  2 2 2 2   x 2   Rx 2 
L 0        R  2
 0  y2   y2 
 2 2 2 2   x 3   Rx 3 
     R 
   y 3   y 3 
 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS
2
ELEMENTO 2
(EA)(2)
    2
EA  2 2 2 2 Global 3
( 2)
   
K 2
L  
12
 1
 2 2 2 2  Local

3
1 0 1 0 
0    x1   Rx1 
 0 0 0    y1   R y1 
 1         
0 1
EA  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2   x 2    Rx 2 
    y 2   R y 2 
2
L 0   
 0 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2   x 3   Rx 3 
     R 
   y 3   y 3 
 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

2
MATRIZ GLOBAL ELEMENTO 2
    (EA)(2)
2
EA  2 2 2 2 3
K (212 )   Global
L     2

 2 2 2 2  Local 1
2
1 0 1 0 
0 
 0 0 0    x1   Rx1 
 1         
0 1   y1   R y1 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
EA         x 2    Rx 2 
 0 0     R 
L  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2  y2   y2 
     x 3   Rx 3 
     3
  y 3   R y 3 
2 2 2 2
  
 
 2 2 2 2 
 ARMADURAS PLANAS
2
MATRIZ GLOBAL ELEMENTO 2
(EA)(2)
    2
EA  2 2 2 2 Global 3
( 2)
   
K
L  
22 2

 2 2 2 2  Local 1
3
1 0 1 0 
0 
 0 0 0    x1   Rx1 
 1         
0 1   y1   R y1 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 
EA         x 2    Rx 2 
L 
0 0     R 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2  y2   y2 
       x 3   Rx 3 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2     R  3
       y 3   y 3 
 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 ARMADURAS PLANAS

MATRIZ GLOBAL

1 0 1 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0    x1   Rx1 
        
 1 0 1   y1 R y1 
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2   
EA         x 2   Rx 2 
 0 0    
L 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2  y 2   R y 2 
         R 
0 0
   
x3 x3
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 
   y 3   y 3 
R
   
0 0
2 2 
 2 2 2 2 2 2