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PROCESOS NO-TRADICIONALES DE MAQUINADO


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Maquinado por Chorro Abrasivo (AJM). En el maquinado por chorro abrasivo, el material
es removido por impacto mecnico de un chorro de aire con partculas abrasivas. El AJM es
un proceso mas bien lento (10 mg/min), sin embargo, es muy barato, las fuerzas sobre la
pieza son limitadas y ningn problema trmico ocurre debido al efecto refrigerante de la
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expansin del aire. Polvos de xido de aluminio o de carburo de silicio, se utilizan a menudo
como medio abrasivo. Las boquillas se hacen de carburo de tungsteno o de safiro sinterizado.
Los parmetros principales que influyen en la remocin de material y en la calidad superficial
son la presin del aire, el tamao de las partculas abrasivas, el ngulo del chorro, la distancia
entre la herramienta y la pieza, y la velocidad de avance. Aplicaciones tpicas del AJM son el
maquinado de perforaciones poco profundas y a menudo intrincadas en la industria
electrnica. Tambin se utiliza en el grabado del nmero de registro en vidrios templados de
automviles y en muchas aplicaciones de desbarbado (agujas quirrgicas, vlvulas
hidrulicas, componentes plsticos, etc.).

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