(C2 POWER FACTOR AND CAPACITANCE OF ABB TYPE 0 PLUS C, AB, AND TYPE T CONDENSER BUSHINGS. “ini ABSTRACT Measurement of C2 power factor and capacitance of conser bushings has been tpi of much terest among tbe wity and oer usr er que sometincs Ths pper deals with the subject of Cl and C2 power Intra capctance i condenser huts I deserbes th sonaructonal eign dereces been (Cand C2 and discuss te fro hat ca nflaene theve mesures. ixTRODUCTION (C2 power factor and capacitance mesturement of condeeer bushings has been 2 ope of och <4scssion fr mary years Eten hough this measurement canbe inca by varioe eral itor more and more users remaking C2 measurements oases th quality a he bushing insulation. AS pr the IEEE (hing stndards, bathing ated 15 KV and sbove are fered for Cand C2 apacnee and power fcior ‘als Both these capactancss are mainly depend on pape insulation, which is sey centoled by fendeser design. trefre producing pedicle test resus. Busings rated (9 KV and below ew the eho fa hve an inherent 2 capctance taf depend’ upon ona Tow cue ys of paper wih adhesive snd smal gap. The C2 power factor and capaciance of hese bashing: can be afecied by external sta 2:10 ‘hese factors among ears may clade comaniation on porelans, andl sarowndng the shine Tis paper describes he constuction! desig diflenccs af Cl and C2 capuciace betwoea bushing of ict ‘lly cloaca ep and dncoes the forth can uence thse measwrements DESIGNICONSTRUCTION OF Ct AND C2 CAPACITANCE IN CONDENSER BLSHINGS AS pre IEEE Standards C57 19.0 and C5719 condenser bushings rtd 15 KV and above ae provided nih Cl (ae) and C2 (up) capactamnen The Cl eapimc ifn Uy Ue stn wipe Insfabonbetneen the cena conduioe and he Clavie x mtd uring the ender winding proves The C2 capcitace is formed bythe ap isulaion binesn he Cl andthe C2 ayes. The Cl ye a [inermaly conecied 1 the voli tap sad hear the C2 keel is pemancly comectd 1 the ‘rou mounting Mange Under normal operating coniion the Cl liver i aomatcalyprumded the ‘moaning flange wi the help of he screwn vege tp cover ha makes eanetion etn cen the tp td ‘nd the mounting Range. The C2 insulation unde nomal operating contin i etfare shed and ot Subjected to any voltage sess. When sucha bushing is used i conjunction with a otebal dvs the volage laps comeced wo hs device Under ths condi the C1 and C2 cpacances ae se nd perform likes ‘lage ors potential divider The voluge developed across th C?capuctance 8 med ty he pen eve ad is td or operation fren, and ote insu. As, he vole pcan Be used for measuring the poner factor and capacance of C1 and C2 sation ofthe Bushing. In atom. this ap ean Be wed or ‘moa the pata discharge daring ator) tes and ulation kakage caren clang paral dichares) ‘hring ek sere operon Soe Fg |forcondcae design and ag: ap dtligure 1: Design Construction Details OF A Typical Condenser Bushings Rated 11S KV And Above Condenser tashings rated 9 KV and below a8 er the IEEE Standards are proved with Cl «capacitance, which ith mai capacitance. This capacitances Foed by the olpape salon betct the ental conductor andthe CI tye. whichis inserd during the Condenser wining process. The Cl layeol is italy connected to the ist op. These bushings hve an inberent C2 capactance. whichis famed bythe malation hernen he Cl lper ah the mounting ange This elation connate oo ao ‘ot paper with adhesive, an il gap between the condenser core and he moaning Mange, ad the up isla. ‘ner nomal operating snd, the Cl ase sutomaticlly grounded to the mounting Mange with he hp of te seen test tap cove tht mesa encom etneen he et ap sping Sn the lange. Te C2 {nelaion unde nonmal operating condom isthe short ad at waged Yo any volage ses. Te est {apis used for messing the pone factor and capacitance of CI ant C2 insulation af he Bushing In ain. thi aps sometimes ued for montoring he par dischare uring cir estan insulation leakage cureat (Goelaing paral discharge) during Field service operation Soe Fewe 2 for condensr design and txt 9 ‘en, Details OFA Typical Condenser Basings Rated 69 kV And BetonFACTORS INFLUENCING C1, C2 CAPACITANCE AND POWER FACTOR MEASUREMENTS [As metoned cai, dh C1 and C2 capacitnce of condener bushings red 118 KV and above ae suictly contd ty design td te manly dependent pon oi mpegated pp osulaion. Therefore the [poet faeor tad capctanot test alue under normal ecumstanes ae ot acted foo ch by extra Fecor. Howener andr conditions of contamination and igh humdi thse measoements may be ‘Senianly feted In aio, capactively coupe resistive atsto ground may lfc tse measurements ‘ee my ie pring sno ya we est, tn en bg Tiange and th rnsformcr tank, sm effet from ster objects. and eal comecons Gung Cs, Although the TEEE Standard 7 191 specie amt Ofer C1 power fact foe ol enprepnateg paper mslaed bushings, Type O Plus C, AB, and T condenser bushings Cl powe fair vale ar wel blow ieti ‘Condenser bushings rd 69 LV and below mention caer, hve the main Cl capacitance, which ‘ssl convolied by dest Lik he bushings raed TIS LV and above, the Cl power Tir ad eapaciance tes rales of tho bushings ae not alsted too much by extemal faces under normal ceumsances "However, under conditions of contamination and high humdi, ese measurements may be sipicamts ffeil Alko these measremons ay be acted by supporting stucure. wooden cats a are moive reine Betneen busing owning Tange andthe tansformer nk, say fet frm ote objets, and ‘xem consccon during testing. These shines hve an inherent 2 apace whi i dependent upon 8 ‘ecu layers of paper wih adhesne. anol exp between the Mage andthe conden coe, and tp inslaor, Vaations im adhesive im the caer pape ayers and oer actors can result PP variations st ‘hshings of he same syle number In dation the cle groin of he Clave (Se Figures 2) wid he mounting Mange rests ngs ringing effect betecen the two ats. Asa sul of tis, te poresas. ol {in ir surounding the Bushing can have some afc onthe C2 power Fico est als. n parc, i ‘Gien Type condenser busting wth shor mounting Qange abd ong itera Clipe tnd to xb Isher pone factors because of gear couping effect erweon he Case and the surounding mata. {shown by pated reas im Figure 3. Depending yon the despa, he C2 power factor of these ashings can range fom 1102 Figure 3: DesgnConstruction Detail OF A Typial High Current Type T Bushing And The Tafluence Of Surrounding Material'Objects(One ofthe factors hat can sical infvence the C2 capitan in bushings wth long tral C1 layer anda shor mounting ange isthe extemal ground plane The flowing ale shows the effect of pwocimiy snd pe of pound plane cm pover fcr and capeciaace of two difarentwper of condenser Bashing: Type AB, which ssa an O Pius C bushing wit a mslie mounting Nang and a fong extra igrond slecve. Type T Bashing with shor mounting Nang and Tong intemal Cl layer as shown n Figure TYPE/STYLE -> | AB/Ba3S20AA | AB/BOIS2I0AA |T/2sVI00VY | T/02Svi000VY CGRP | CL/CACAPDE | CLIGPF% | _CLICACAPDF 29/011" | son/aoue | 02m/06e* | 112/306 027/030 sian | 029/058 | ua4/2780 PU) | ale Flt vera a grd-plane Sinamay | 927/010 sus . 1 gi peeciia 127 11492 029/036 | 119/2924.08 Pu) porcelain Imai. Cytinareat = = alee | plane which i = i aay trem te oz7/oss | 1108/3000.0 char = ™ 277088 | 08/3019) Vinamay from e936 0 19 508/95 ozr/o@ | 101/310. BS 26 11590) C2 value somal checked i ai CI vale normally chased wit ower nd immersed in i *+ Chand C2 valves ate normally checked wth lower end immard oi ‘As can be wen om the above bl, the C1 and C2 capaciance values of Type AB bushing have basally en ile effet frm the type or promt of the ground plane within the praccal range of clearances. ‘Similar the Cl capacitance of Type T bashings has minima effet rom the type ot proxi ofthe ground ple The C2 espuctance of Type T bathing cn the lb han acres by 88" (Hom 278 Fo 431) when {Be bashing was sed wih chide! wound pase suounding Us Yer porclin Wi a a gap of about Pinu Te bam of ese up feb eC psa dente goed pan Ta shove burhings more tested na lean and dy envionment nd therfore the power ator valcn ext ey lie change i ry Ifthe loner end of he busing was nerd el te reas in eapactane Would Be higher asthe ol has higher leis const. Another observable fc i the sll diference of C2 PF and CAP et ales of Type T bushing betwee ‘mamcplue (ith lover end immersed ia oi) and ase ake with he bushing i ai and no extemal ground ‘lane The est values with he lower en ina ar once by atout 10°. This could be dust th at htt fas zo pone factor and lower dielectric constant compared to oil. Since. Type T bashings have a great ‘Souping eet between the CI plate and the medium rounding the lower porcli,the C2 valach a ‘Some! wer when the teat mde in Due to design and consueton. the C2 power factr of condemer bushings rated 69 kV and below may ‘erfore exsed the C1 power trim of 8% pied the IEEE Standard. The IEEE Stand docs not ‘eed any limit foe C2 power faker The Cl power fico onthe oter hand i wll Below the 0.3% init Specie bythe IEE sana For bushings ted 69 KV and below, IEEE Standard only requires stamping of C1 power fictor and ‘capstone 9 the nameplate, Asa result of quent requests fom casomers, ABB Inc. Alamo, TN stated Strmping the C2 poner fac snd capacitance tet selves on bushing nomepaessince December of 200. Witt this addin, he nameplates of all AB, O Pas C, an T condenser bangs ne now stamped wih fin est ‘alos of Chand €2 poner fir and apecvance We complied wih the tndty'r need 80 tat wer can ‘eter asses the condition ofthe bushing malation. Besar f reason mensoned wii hs paper Sets may ‘Sco gee aration a C2 powcr factor an capecitnce alsin dirt bangs of the same desig. It is imporant to compare the inl est vahes before instalation withthe nameplate values. To verify raeplt acs especally Tr Type T bushings). the measurements bul! be made wi the bushing mount ‘ona metalic test kind withthe lower end orcas mere sry good quality oi Thee should be fui clearance (a least 16» 20 sc fram We bushing Tower potas erminal 0 be grounded tank, For {Coimeasrement the enter condctoe shal be guarded and est tap vole nt encoding | KV. For did ‘esse panto ifomation refer oct equipment manufacture Sinsctns. (Once he bashing hs boc nl inthe appara it should be rested to establish a benchmark vale. {simp to compare the subsequent fii es values with he mia ence value ae inal Ans ‘gion dson (10 change in apacanceor doubling of owe ae) rom he Deschmak ale would [bea cane for concem and thoeld be vest Test values Wh Tone end wn ai may vay from Hose ith Tamer end mimes it ‘CONCLUSIONS Because ofthe ikea design af C2 capacitance and desigconsctonal differences in bushings rated GDL and tow. the C2 power factor and capactlncecan be eka by extra ato. Thess facts tay inclade external contamination, humidity, and ay effet and prociy’ of ber objects. AS ars of thi the field italed C2 power factor and capctance wt values Ca vay et the namepse ales. Test ‘sles with lower end ns may’ van fom ose with bashing mound onthe wansfermer with lower ead Tmersed in ot Sometimes. variaons maybe noticed between bachngs ofthe sae design The ial est “alu Before installtion should be compared wilh he flor ares vals While checking the poner factor an eapactance sles of tev Dutungs, sis porno coaare the fl est vals with he ital benchmark vals aller isalabon Any sigfcat deviation fom th benchmark valve would beacause for once and shoul be ivextigated. [Addons ifermation om bushing minceans canbe fund it ABB bushing instruction Kal I 44 68 and 6 arable on ur webs at hp alana abs com. BIOGRAPHY Pipl Singh i Fellow Enginer with ABB Ine in Ala. TN an i engaged in businss/poduct evelopment sciviy. Inthe art -dceen a er 0° ‘rascals hans mane tr dpe De acu cs oe la ae debe Cpr or mares ean 330°C ur ins 25 aos, ABB Compe iiadcanet cold parc ins 2 ‘iy see sla om ices Se code: La epee bs emo {et de pas emanation oa des. Ca eae Aoi de ln domes erent uc loss doen infantum cdc del alae yo commen ova ar “El cu de dps fac de us come rr primar par se Ferme ra yn ecm sta J npc nd oo nun Simm dnp rs ai eg et Gr Comes sre ltr de dspacio en asores HIP: ‘Al moll nS naar UP ned nen oi abe cera ‘coc de kr an 6 expec a vara anced cic Por, Incas de qc ev ou sen a enc har gira el sar IP Ferg pn ocr elas cr a re ‘erin emis sda di co a sd dd a age april ‘vom dl ain Govenlnent, sia sens hr ana nwa poe ca pla Ira aca alr Stolen abe inci ca cpl de ‘ena, Secret lesa cmd sa oa ema ‘slr aminis en wpa dheety atign ri geo iin ccc: ‘Melia pra dines valores de tomperatar care abladers IP y RIPE ‘Aumont de 25%: rls msn ure, Noo necouno ale agin cea ma Aument de 2-094: ‘Serevia sf hs noni xe et demain La ire ‘hens pk re por on 4 Wace Gera pe pen pais ‘Sey franca cme in cn fri dee ine (io "Tatra mj Sos poe eel oe de sued on inane Pro dl adr la oid 9 iad Pe pone = samen de 40:75%: ‘tar hectare ma ie ‘Aumento apron 75%: Elektr hers ened seri Sin tar le de dpc fica (02 lala pa panes evince prs sp #2 ‘Soria esol 788 Comentarios as meine del fact de pote ete tm para pratt bid de montaj canes OL y RIP" ‘Algo demos des rb an cpt C) el cu de dpc ‘isan data co um hrc digo Sn our,» oh ‘ewe capt coments oars seu ce pitta. an rom "rnc pra tc es com Rar eas nintendo a 4 sei ote TC 137 Fs sgn pa meses sega ema, 5 rest gina taco lana Sick teers cl mee qr ol tre pero ‘isto pes ‘Lato ar ita ep cn aso cp ‘elo prs car qn cco et osc so nase Fa paca ua “stn al faterde pci pyre Sn cap ie Se de eh cn ‘St Sra pol Ta sip ga ec ep lia fac de ‘Saga, pe qu olan pone aide in ama cnet a ‘Sop dn dn sco “ambi date nese csr ue, olan aca core cana 2 ‘crm, oro mo alamo se nc vor Ge one ot an 3 ‘ws empo sar y, como seca mo fovee ga Pre deal lnc. Fs probate ql warn ner ny conrad on stair lex de [Sea paps int nest has de on prs prc aie postc afar aml at mio a, deer rin cna ie ec ei de prt 50 Vt tani dea jr pices scence a 24 de 2848 LV oma para rac secure amb 240) pepe un sca pail cae a ‘Sep prt Incl min pass mc “onapsoe osc tds srs dest laa eae ei lst pu rss niece 0322 23 23.4 omni [Ltracania madi de compare cn eva indo ca plc de ol ane ‘cont ifs de prs de uum de 103m enn aaa es el (or pola nara dca lor eal) compar oe lve mt ick ‘ar cuemadnen yj snp) pes cet on ABB Compencts Ura ‘Sop (bj pia er wera dir are cl want pore ‘Storm thet powreen sve a Erman gee eainker tla nd ‘Seufrmcerfpe mae valr por oreo Gtr las Sm ‘eramsna dda. Mediciones de descarga parcial Lamediin da dscara pari seutlipincginentenel nto decomprobacén etna Una dears peal pte inion de coro enero wes el ‘isin mere. Stseutlin pure diagodsco de rursormudoes talon ‘isedores pasta nica in des excep delay del. islam del nsimar. Las esas exer cas posto de isan pode Suprise meant lian de bbins de medic conectndasetemament: Ls

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