FORMULARIO DE ( a + b ) ⋅ ( a 2 − ab + b2 ) = a 3 + b3 θ sen cos tg ctg sec csc

Gráfica 4. Las funciones trigonométricas inversas

arc ctg x, arc sec x, arc csc x. sen α + sen β = 2sen
1 1
(α + β ) ⋅ cos (α − β )
0 0 ∞ ∞ 2 2
CÁLCULO DIFERENCIAL ( a + b ) ⋅ ( a 4 − a3b + a 2b 2 − ab3 + b 4 ) = a5 + b5
0 1 1
1 1
sen α − sen β = 2sen (α − β ) ⋅ cos (α + β )
4
30 12 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 2
E INTEGRAL VER.3.3  n  45 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2
( a + b ) ⋅  ∑ ( −1) a n −k b k −1  = a n + b n ∀2n − 1
3
k +1
1 1
Por Jesús Rubí M.  k =1  60 3 2 12 3 1 3 2 2 3 2
cos α + cos β = 2 cos (α + β ) ⋅ cos (α − β )
2 2
SUMAS Y PRODUCTOS 1 0 ∞ 0 ∞ 1
http://mx.geocities.com/estadisticapapers/ 90
1 1
cos α − cos β = −2 sen (α + β ) ⋅ sen (α − β )
 π π
1
n
a1 + a2 + + an = ∑ ak y = ∠ sen x y ∈ − ,  2 2
VALOR ABSOLUTO k =1  2 2 0
sen (α ± β )
n
y = ∠ cos x y ∈ [ 0, π ] tg α ± tg β =
a si a ≥ 0
a = ∑ c = nc π π
-1
arc ctg x cos α ⋅ cos β
− a si a < 0
arc sec x
k =1 1
y = ∠ tg x y∈ − sen α ⋅ cos β = sen (α − β ) + sen (α + β ) 
arc csc x
n n
, -2
2 2 -5 0 5
2
a = −a ∑ ca k = c∑ ak
1 1
IDENTIDADES TRIGONOMÉTRICAS sen α ⋅ sen β =  cos (α − β ) − cos (α + β ) 
k =1 k =1
a ≤ a y −a ≤ a n n n
y = ∠ ctg x = ∠ tg y ∈ 0, π
x 2
∑ (a + bk ) = ∑ ak + ∑ bk
2
a ≥0y a =0 ⇔ a=0 k sen θ + cos 2 θ = 1
1 1
n n
k =1 k =1 k =1
y = ∠ sec x = ∠ cos y ∈ [ 0, π ] 1 + ctg 2 θ = csc 2 θ cos α ⋅ cos β =  cos (α − β ) + cos (α + β ) 
x 2
∏a = ∏ ak
n
ab = a b ó
k =1
k
k =1
∑ (a k − ak −1 ) = an − a0
1  π π tg 2 θ + 1 = sec 2 θ tg α ⋅ tg β =
tg α + tg β
k =1 y = ∠ csc x = ∠ sen y ∈ − , 
n n n
n x  2 2 sen ( −θ ) = − sen θ ctg α + ctg β
a+b ≤ a + b ó ∑a
k =1
k ≤ ∑ ak
k =1
∑  a + ( k − 1) d  =  2a + ( n − 1) d 
2 Gráfica 1. Las funciones trigonométricas: sen x, cos ( −θ ) = cosθ FUNCIONES HIPERBÓLICAS
k =1
cos x, tg x;.
EXPONENTES n
= (a + l) tg ( −θ ) = − tg θ e x − e− x
2 senh x =
a p ⋅ a q = a p+q 2 sen (θ + 2π ) = sen θ 2
n
1 − r n a − rl
1.5
e x + e− x
ap
= a p−q ∑ ar k −1 = a
1− r
=
1− r 1 cos (θ + 2π ) = cosθ cosh x =
aq k =1 2
n 0.5 tg (θ + 2π ) = tg θ
1 senh x e x − e− x
(a )
p q
=a pq
∑ k = ( n2 + n ) tgh x = =
k =1 2
0
sen (θ + π ) = − sen θ cosh x e x + e − x
(a ⋅b)
p
= a p ⋅bp cos (θ + π ) = − cosθ e x + e− x
n -0.5
1 1
∑ k 2
= ( 2n3 + 3n2 + n ) ctgh x = =
tg (θ + π ) = tg θ tgh x e x − e − x
-1
a
p
ap k =1 6
  = p n
1
-1.5 sen x
1 2
b b
∑ k 3 = ( n 4 + 2 n3 + n 2 ) sen (θ + nπ ) = ( −1) sen θ
cos x n
tg x
sech x = =
cosh x e x + e− x
-2
q 4 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
a p/q = a p k =1
cos (θ + nπ ) = ( −1) cosθ
n
n
1 1 2
∑ k 4 = ( 6n5 + 15n 4 + 10n3 − n ) Gráfica 2. Las funciones trigonométricas csc x, sec x, csch x = =
LOGARITMOS k =1 30 ctg x. tg (θ + nπ ) = tg θ senh x e x − e − x
sen ( nπ ) = 0 senh : →
log a N = x ⇒ a x = N 1+ 3 + 5 + + ( 2n − 1) = n 2 2.5

log a MN = log a M + log a N cosh : → [1, ∞

cos ( nπ ) = ( −1)
n 2 n

n! = ∏ k 1.5
tgh : → −1,1
M tg ( nπ ) = 0
log a = log a M − log a N k =1 1

N n n! ctgh : − {0} → −∞ , −1 ∪ 1, ∞

 2n + 1 
0.5

log a M r = r log a M  = , k≤n sen  π  = ( −1)

n
→ 0,1]
 k  ( n − k )!k ! sech :
0
 2 
logb N ln N -0.5
csch : − {0} → − {0}
log a N = = n
 
n  2n + 1 
( x + y ) = ∑   x n− k y k
n -1
logb a ln a cos  π=0 Gráfica 5. Las funciones hiperbólicas senh x, cosh x,
k =0  k   2 
-1.5

log10 N = log N y log e N = ln N -2

csc x
sec x tgh x.
ctg x  2n + 1 
ALGUNOS PRODUCTOS TRIGONOMETRÍA -2.5
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 tg  π=∞ 5
 2 
a ⋅ ( c + d ) = ac + ad sen θ =
CO 1 4
cscθ = Gráfica 3. Las funciones trigonométricas inversas  π
( a + b ) ⋅ ( a − b ) = a2 − b2 HIP sen θ arc sen x, arc cos x, arc tg x. sen θ = cos  θ −  3

CA  2
cos θ = 1 2

( a + b ) ⋅ ( a + b ) = ( a + b ) = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 secθ =
2
HIP
4
 π
cos θ cosθ = sen  θ + 
1

( a − b ) ⋅ ( a − b ) = ( a − b ) = a 2 − 2ab + b 2
2
sen θ CO 1 3  2 0
tg θ = = ctg θ =
cos θ CA tg θ sen (α ± β ) = sen α cos β ± cos α sen β -1

( x + b ) ⋅ ( x + d ) = x 2 + ( b + d ) x + bd 2

cos (α ± β ) = cos α cos β ∓ sen α sen β

-2

( ax + b ) ⋅ ( cx + d ) = acx 2 + ( ad + bc ) x + bd π radianes=180 1 -3
senh x
cosh x
tg α ± tg β tgh x

( a + b ) ⋅ ( c + d ) = ac + ad + bc + bd tg (α ± β ) = -4
-5 0 5
0
1 ∓ tg α tg β
( a + b ) = a 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 + b3
3

HIP -1
arc sen x
sen 2θ = 2sen θ cos θ FUNCS HIPERBÓLICAS INVERSAS
( a − b ) = a 3 − 3a 2b + 3ab 2 − b3 CO
( )
3 arc cos x

-2
arc tg x cos 2θ = cos 2 θ − sen 2 θ senh −1 x = ln x + x 2 + 1 , ∀x ∈
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

( a + b + c ) = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc

2 2 tg θ
( )
θ tg 2θ =
1 − tg 2 θ cosh −1 x = ln x ± x 2 − 1 , x ≥ 1
( a − b ) ( 2 + ab + b 2 ) = a 3 − b3
⋅ a CA
1 1  1+ x 
sen 2 θ = (1 − cos 2θ )
( a − b ) ⋅ ( a 3 + a 2b + ab 2 + b3 ) = a 4 − b 4 2
tgh −1 x = ln  ,
2  1− x 
x <1

( a − b ) ⋅ ( a 4 + a 3b + a 2b 2 + ab3 + b 4 ) = a 5 − b5 1
cos 2 θ = (1 + cos 2θ ) 1  x +1 
ctgh −1 x = ln  x >1
2 ,
 n
 2  x −1 
( a − b ) ⋅  ∑ a n −k b k −1  = a n − b n ∀n ∈ tg 2 θ =
1 − cos 2θ
 1 ± 1 − x2 
 k =1  1 + cos 2θ sech −1 x = ln  , 0 < x ≤1
 x 
 
−1
 1 x +1 
2
csch x = ln  + , x ≠ 0
x x 

IDENTIDADES DE FUNCS HIP dF dF du INTEGRALES DE FUNCS LOG & EXP
= ⋅ (Regla de la Cadena) DERIVADA DE FUNCS HIPERBÓLICAS ∫ tgh udu = ln cosh u
cosh 2 x − senh 2 x = 1 dx du dx
∫ e du = e
u u
d du
1 − tgh x = sech x
2 2 du
=
1 senh u = cosh u ∫ ctgh udu = ln senh u
dx dx a u a > 0
dx dx du ∫ a du = ln a a ≠ 1 ∫ sech udu = ∠ tg ( senh u )
u
ctgh 2 x − 1 = csch x d du
dF dF du cosh u = senh u
senh ( − x ) = − senh x = dx dx au  1  ∫ csch udu = − ctgh ( cosh u )
−1
dx dx du
∫ ua du = ln a ⋅  u − ln a 
u
d du
cosh ( − x ) = cosh x tgh u = sech 2 u 1
dy dy dt f 2′ ( t )  x = f1 ( t ) dx dx = ln tgh u
tgh ( − x ) = − tgh x = = donde 
∫ ue du = e ( u − 1)
u u 2
dx dx dt f1′( t )  y = f 2 ( t ) d
ctgh u = − csch 2 u
du
senh ( x ± y ) = senh x cosh y ± cosh x senh y
DERIVADA DE FUNCS LOG & EXP
dx dx
∫ ln udu =u ln u − u = u ( ln u − 1) INTREGRALES DE FRAC
cosh ( x ± y ) = cosh x cosh y ± senh x senh y d du du 1 u
d du dx 1 du dx
sech u = − sech u tgh u
dx
1 u
∫ log a udu =ln a ( u ln u − u ) = ln a ( ln u − 1) ∫ u 2 + a 2 = a ∠ tg a
tgh x ± tgh y
tgh ( x ± y ) = ( ln u ) = = ⋅
dx u u dx d du 1 u
1 ± tgh x tgh y csch u = − csch u ctgh u u2 = − ∠ ctg
senh 2 x = 2senh x cosh x
d
( log u ) =
log e du
⋅ dx dx ∫ u log a udu = 4 ⋅ ( 2 log a u − 1) a a
dx u dx du 1 u−a
∫ u 2 − a 2 = 2a ln u + a ( u > a )
2 2
cosh 2 x = cosh 2 x + senh 2 x DERIVADA DE FUNCS HIP INV u2
2 tgh x
d
dx
log e du
( log a u ) = a ⋅ a > 0, a ≠ 1
u dx d 1 du
∫ u ln udu = 4 ( 2 ln u − 1)
du 1 a+u
tgh 2 x = senh −1 u = ⋅
∫ a 2 − u 2 = 2a ln a − u ( u < a )
2 2
1 + tgh 2 x dx INTEGRALES DE FUNCS TRIGO
d u du 1 + u 2 dx
( e ) = eu ⋅
1
senh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x − 1) dx dx d ±1 du +
 si cosh u > 0
-1
∫ sen udu = − cos u INTEGRALES CON
2 d u du cosh −1 u = ⋅ , u >1 
( a ) = a u ln a ⋅ dx u 2 − 1 dx  − si cosh -1
u<0 ∫ cos udu = sen u du u
1
cosh 2 x = ( cosh 2 x + 1) dx dx
d 1 du
∫ a2 − u 2
= ∠ sen
a
∫ sec udu = tg u
2
2 d v du dv tgh −1 u = ⋅ , u <1
cosh 2 x − 1 dx
( u ) = vu v −1
dx
+ ln u ⋅ u v ⋅
dx dx 1 − u 2 dx
= −∠ cos
u
tgh 2 x = ∫ csc udu = − ctg u
2

cosh 2 x + 1 DERIVADA DE FUNCIONES TRIGO d −1 1 du a

ctgh u = ⋅ , u >1
tgh x =
senh 2 x
cosh 2 x + 1
d
dx
( sen u ) = cos u
du
dx
dx
d
1 − u 2 dx
∓ 1 du − si sech −1 u > 0, u ∈ 0,1
∫ sec u tg udu = sec u ∫
du
u2 ± a2
(
= ln u + u 2 ± a 2 )
OTRAS d du dx
sech −1 u = ⋅ 
u 1 − u 2 dx + si
−1
sech u < 0, u ∈ 0,1
∫ csc u ctg udu = − csc u du 1 u
Ax 2 + Bx + C = 0
( cos u ) = − sen u ∫ tg udu = − ln cos u = ln sec u ∫u ln =
dx dx d 1 du a a + a2 ± u 2
a2 ± u 2
d du csch −1 u = − ⋅ , u≠0
− B ± B 2 − 4 AC ( tg u ) = sec2 u dx u 1 + u 2 dx ∫ ctg udu = ln sen u du 1 a
⇒ x=
2A dx dx ∫ u u 2 − a 2 = a ∠ cos u
d du
INTEGRALES DEFINIDAS,
∫ sec udu = ln ( sec u + tg u )
B 2 − 4 AC = discriminante ( ctg u ) = − csc2 u PROPIEDADES 1
= ∠ sec
u
LÍMITES
dx dx
∫ csc udu = ln ( csc u − ctg u ) a a
∫ { f ( x ) ± g ( x )} dx = ∫ f ( x ) dx ± ∫ g ( x ) dx
b b b
d du
( sec u ) = sec u tg u u 1 u 2 a2 u
∫ sen
1 a a a
lim (1 + x ) x = e = 2.71828...
2
udu =
− sen 2u
∫ a − u du = 2 a − u + 2 ∠ sen a
2 2 2
dx dx b b
2 4
x →0
d
( csc u ) = − csc u ctg u
du ∫ cf ( x ) dx = c ⋅ ∫ f ( x ) dx c ∈
a a
u 1
( )
x
a2
 1
∫ cos udu = 2 + 4 sen 2u u 2
2
lim  1 +  = e dx dx
∫ u ± a du = 2 u ± a ± 2 ln u + u ± a
b c b 2 2 2 2 2
x →∞
 x d du ∫ f ( x ) dx = ∫ f ( x ) dx + ∫ f ( x ) dx
a a c

sen x ( vers u ) = sen u b a

∫ tg udu = tg u − u
2

lim =1 dx dx ∫ f ( x ) dx = − ∫ f ( x ) dx MAS INTEGRALES

∫ ctg udu = − ( ctg u + u )
a b
x →0 x DERIV DE FUNCS TRIGO INVER 2
a e au ( a sen bu − b cos bu )
∫ f ( x ) dx = 0 ∫e sen bu du =
au
1 − cos x d 1 du
=0 ( ∠ sen u ) =
lim
x →0 x dx
⋅
1 − u 2 dx
a
∫ u sen udu = sen u − u cos u a 2 + b2
eau ( a cos bu + b sen bu )
b
m ⋅ ( b − a ) ≤ ∫ f ( x ) dx ≤ M ⋅ ( b − a )
e −1 ∫ u cos udu = cos u + u sen u ∫ e cos bu du =
x au
a
lim =1 d 1 du
x →0 x ( ∠ cos u ) = − ⋅ ⇔ m ≤ f ( x ) ≤ M ∀x ∈ [ a, b ] , m, M ∈ INTEGRALES DE FUNCS TRIGO INV
a 2 + b2
dx 1 − u 2 dx ALGUNAS SERIES
x −1 b b
lim
x →1 ln x
=1 d
( ∠ tg u ) =
1 du
⋅ ∫ f ( x ) dx ≤ ∫ g ( x ) dx
a a ∫ ∠ sen udu = u∠ sen u + 1 − u
2

f ( x ) = f ( x0 ) + f ' ( x0 )( x − x0 ) +
f '' ( x0 )( x − x0 )
2

dx 1 + u 2 dx ⇔ f ( x ) ≤ g ( x ) ∀x ∈ [ a , b ] 2!
∫ ∠ cos udu = u∠ cos u − 1 − u
2
DERIVADAS d 1 du
f ( x + ∆x ) − f ( x )
( ∠ ctg u ) = − 2 ⋅ b b f ( n) ( x0 )( x − x0 )
n

Dx f ( x ) =
df
= lim = lim
∆y dx 1 + u dx ∫ f ( x ) dx ≤ ∫ f ( x ) dx si a < b
a a ∫ ∠ tg udu = u∠ tg u − ln 1 + u
2
+ +
n!
: Taylor
dx ∆x →0 ∆x ∆x → 0 ∆x
d 1 du + si u > 1
d ( ∠ sec u ) = ± ⋅ 
∫ ∠ ctg udu = u∠ ctg u + ln 1 + u
2
f '' ( 0 ) x 2
(c) = 0 dx u u 2 − 1 dx − si u < −1 INTEGRALES f ( x ) = f ( 0) + f ' ( 0) x +
dx
d
d
( ∠ csc u ) = ∓
1 du − si u > 1
⋅  ∫ adx =ax ∫ ∠ sec udu = u∠ sec u − ln ( u + u
2
−1 ) f ( n) ( 0 ) x n
2!

( cx ) = c dx u u 2 − 1 dx + si u < −1 = u∠ sec u − ∠ cosh u + + : Maclaurin

dx n!
∫ af ( x ) dx = a ∫ f ( x ) dx
d
dx
( cxn ) = ncxn−1
d
dx
( ∠ vers u ) =
1
⋅
du
2u − u 2 dx ∫ ( u ± v ± w ± ) dx = ∫ udx ± ∫ vdx ± ∫ wdx ± ∫ ∠ csc udu = u∠ csc u + ln ( u + u2 −1 ) x 2 x3
ex = 1 + x + + + + +
2! 3!
xn
n!
d du dv dw = u∠ csc u + ∠ cosh u
(u ± v ± w ± ) = ± ± ± ∫ udv = uv − ∫ vdu ( Integración por partes ) INTEGRALES DE FUNCS HIP
x3 x5 x7
sen x = x − + − + + ( −1)
n −1 x 2 n −1
dx dx dx dx
u n+1
3! 5! 7! ( 2n − 1)!
d
( cu ) = c
du
∫ u du = n + 1
n
n ≠ −1 ∫ senh udu = cosh u x2 x4 x6 x 2n − 2
+ ( −1)
n −1
dx dx cos x = 1 − + − +
d dv du du ∫ cosh udu = senh u 2! 4! 6! ( 2n − 2 ) !
( uv ) = u + v ∫ = ln u
u ∫ sech udu = tgh u
2
dx dx dx x 2 x3 x 4 n −1 x
n
ln (1 + x ) = x −+ − + + ( −1)
d dw dv du 2 3 4 n
( uvw ) = uv + uw + vw ∫ csch udu = − ctgh u
2
2 n −1
dx dx dx dx x3 x5 x7 n −1 x
∠ tg x = x − + − + + ( −1)
d  u  v ( du dx ) − u ( dv dx )
=
∫ sech u tgh udu = − sech u 3 5 7 2n − 1
 
dx  v  v2
∫ csch u ctgh udu = − csch u
d n n −1 du

dx
( u ) = nu dx