Universidad de Cuenca - Facultad de Ingeniería

Ingeniería Eléctrica
Métodos Numéricos - Marzo 2023 - Agosto 2023
Ing. Walter Dután

METODOS DE NEWTON-RAPHSON Y LA SECANTE

Encuentre la solución de la ecuación 8 - 4.5 ⋅ ((x - sin ((x)))) ＝ 0 . Use x ＝ 2 como

suposición inicial de la solución, y un error de 0.0001. Máximo 10 iteraciones.

METODO DE NEWTON-RAPHSON

f ((x)) ≔ 8 - 4.5 ⋅ ((x - sin ((x))))

d
fp ((x)) ≔ ―― f ((x)) → 4.5 ⋅ cos ((x)) - 4.5
dx

14
10.5
7
3.5
0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-3.5
-7
f ((x))
-10.5
-14
-17.5
-21

Valor inicial x0 ≔ 2
f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ | x1 - x0 |
Iteración 1 x1 ≔ x0 - ――― = 2.485172 e1 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 19.5227
fp ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ | x1 |

f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ | x2 - x1 |
Iteración 2 x2 ≔ x1 - ――― = 2.430987 e2 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 2.2289
fp ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ | x2 |

f ⎛⎝x2⎞⎠ | x3 - x2 |
Iteración 3 x3 ≔ x2 - ――― = 2.430466 e3 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 0.0215
fp ⎛⎝x2⎞⎠ | x3 |

f ⎛⎝x3⎞⎠ | x4 - x3 |
Iteración 4 x4 ≔ x3 - ――― = 2.430466 e4 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 0.000002
fp ⎛⎝x3⎞⎠ | x4 |

METODO DE LA SECANTE
METODO DE LA SECANTE

f ((x)) ≔ 8 - 4.5 ⋅ ((x - sin ((x))))

14
10.5
7
3.5
0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-3.5
-7
f ((x))
-10.5
-14
-17.5
-21

Valores iniciales supuestos x0 ≔ 2 x1 ≔ 3

f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ ⎛⎝x1 - x0⎞⎠ | x2 - x1 |

Iteración 1 x2 ≔ x1 - ―――――= 2.388578 e2 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 25.5977
f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ | x2 |

f ⎛⎝x2⎞⎠ ⎛⎝x2 - x1⎞⎠ | x3 - x2 |

Iteración 2 x3 ≔ x2 - ―――――= 2.427273 e3 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 1.5941
f ⎛⎝x2⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ | x3 |

f ⎛⎝x3⎞⎠ ⎛⎝x3 - x2⎞⎠ | x4 - x3 |

Iteración 3 x4 ≔ x3 - ―――――= 2.430491 e4 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 0.1324
f ⎛⎝x3⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x2⎞⎠ | x4 |

f ⎛⎝x4⎞⎠ ⎛⎝x4 - x3⎞⎠ | x5 - x4 |

Iteración 4 x5 ≔ x4 - ―――――= 2.430466 e5 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 0.001
f ⎛⎝x4⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x3⎞⎠ | x5 |

Valores iniciales supuestos y0 ≔ 2 y1 ≔ 1

f ⎛⎝y1⎞⎠ ⎛⎝y1 - y0⎞⎠ | y2 - y1 |

Iteración 1 y2 ≔ y1 - ――――― = 2.737068 e2 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 63.4646
f ⎛⎝y1⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝y0⎞⎠ | y2 |

f ⎛⎝y2⎞⎠ ⎛⎝y2 - y1⎞⎠ | y3 - y2 |

Iteración 2 y3 ≔ y2 - ――――― = 2.287323 e3 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 19.6625
f ⎛⎝y2⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝y1⎞⎠ | y3 |

f ⎛⎝y3⎞⎠ ⎛⎝y3 - y2⎞⎠ | y4 - y3 |

Iteración 3 y4 ≔ y3 - ――――― = 2.423062 e4 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 5.602
f ⎛⎝y3⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝y2⎞⎠ | y4 |

f ⎛⎝y4⎞⎠ ⎛⎝y4 - y3⎞⎠ | y5 - y4 |

Iteración 4 y5 ≔ y4 - ――――― = 2.43068 e5 ≔ |――― | ⋅ 100 = 0.3134
f ⎛⎝y4⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝y3⎞⎠ | y5 |
x0 ≔ 2 x1 ≔ 3 f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ = 3.092 f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ = -4.865

solve , y
f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ float , 4
y1 ((x)) ≔ y - y0 ＝ ――――― ⎛⎝x - x0⎞⎠ ――― → -7.957 ⋅ x + 17.91
x1 - x0

x0 ≔ 2 x1 ≔ 1 f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ = 3.092 f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ = 7.287

solve , y
f ⎛⎝x1⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝x0⎞⎠ float , 4
y2 ((x)) ≔ y - y0 ＝ ――――― ⎛⎝x - x0⎞⎠ ――― → -4.195 ⋅ x + 10.39
x1 - x0

21

17.5

14

10.5

f ((x))
3.5

y1 ((x))
0
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4

-3.5
y2 ((x))

-7

-10.5

-14

METODO DE FALSA POSICIÓN

METODO DE FALSA POSICIÓN

f ((x)) ≔ 8 - 4.5 ⋅ ((x - sin ((x))))

14
10.5
7
3.5
0
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-3.5
-7
f ((x))
-10.5
-14
-17.5
-21

Iteración 1
xu ⋅ f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - xl ⋅ f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl ≔ 2 xu ≔ 3 f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 3.092 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr ≔ ―――――――
f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl = 2 xu = 3 f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 3.092 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr = 2.3886 f ⎛⎝xr⎞⎠ = 0.329

Iteración 2
xu ⋅ f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - xl ⋅ f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl ≔ xr xu ≔ xu f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.329 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr ≔ ―――――――
f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl = 2.389 xu = 3 f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.329 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr = 2.4273 f ⎛⎝xr⎞⎠ = 0.025
| 2.4273 - 2.3886 |
e2 ≔ |―――――| ⋅ 100 = 1.594
| 2.4273 |
Iteración 3
xu ⋅ f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - xl ⋅ f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl ≔ xr xu ≔ xu f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.025 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr ≔ ―――――――
f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl = 2.427 xu = 3 f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.025 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr = 2.4302 f ⎛⎝xr⎞⎠ = 0.002
| 2.4302 - 2.4273 |
e2 ≔ |―――――| ⋅ 100 = 0.119
| 2.4302 |
Iteración 4
xu ⋅ f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - xl ⋅ f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl ≔ xr xu ≔ xu f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.002 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr ≔ ―――――――
f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ - f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠
xl = 2.43 xu = 3 f ⎛⎝xl⎞⎠ = 0.002 f ⎛⎝xu⎞⎠ = -4.865 xr = 2.4304 f ⎛⎝xr⎞⎠ = 1.4 ⋅ 10 -4
| 2.4304 - 2.4302 |
e3 ≔ |―――――| ⋅ 100 = 0.008
| 2.4304 |