TRABAJO DE E STÁTICA

UNIVERSIDAD PONTIFICIA BOLIVARIANA

PRESENTADO POR:

VALENTINA VALVERDE CAVADIA

CARLOS FUENTES
DEIMER LORA
JEAN PIERRE BEDOYA

SEMESTRE: II

AÑO: 2022
Estructura

Relación triángulos
Tipo de fuerzas.

Grupo 1
Datos
P1= 5,00KN
P2= 7,50KN
P3= 7,00KN
P4= 14,00KN
h1= 2,50M
h2= 2,70M

Aplicamos el momento alrededor del punto A

El momento en Ax es 0 dado a que no hay fuerzas horizontales

+↑ ∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0,

(−5 𝐾𝑁 ∗ 4𝑚) − (7.5𝐾𝑁 ∗ 8𝑚) − (7 𝐾𝑁 ∗ 10 𝑚) − (14𝐾𝑁 ∗ 12 𝑚) + 𝐼𝑌(16𝑚) = 0

(−20𝐾𝑁 ) − (70𝐾𝑁) − (168𝐾𝑁) + 𝐼𝑌(16𝑚) = 0
𝐼𝑌(16𝑚) = 318𝐾𝑁
Despejamos IY
 318 𝐾𝑁
𝐼𝑌 =
16𝑚
𝐼𝑌 = 19. 875 𝐾𝑁 ↑
Sumatoria de fuerzas en x, y.

+→ ∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝐴𝑥 = 0

+↑ ∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝐴𝑌 + 𝑃1 + 𝑃2 + 𝑃3 + 𝑃4 + 𝐼𝑌 = 0

𝐴𝑦 − 5𝐾𝑁 − 7𝐾𝑁 − 7.5𝐾𝑁 − 14 + 19.875𝐾𝑁 = 0

= 𝐴𝑦 − 33.5𝐾𝑁 + 19.875𝐾𝑁 = 0
= 𝐴𝑦 − 13.625 = 0
Despejamos Ay.
𝐴𝑦 = 13.625𝐾𝑁 ↑
Método de nodos.
Nodo A.

2,5
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 𝐴𝑁 + 13,625 = 0
3,2
−13,625
(0,781)𝐴𝑁 + 13.625 𝐴𝑁 =
0,781
𝐴𝑁 = −17,451𝐾𝑁
𝑨𝑵 = 𝟏𝟕, 𝟒𝟓𝟏𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
Calculo FAB.

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
(0) + ( ) . (−17,451𝐾𝑁) + 𝐴𝐵 = 0
3,202
= (−10,9𝐾𝑁) + 𝐴𝐵 = 0
𝑨𝑩 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝟗𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

Nodo B.

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0,

= −10,9𝐾𝑁 + 𝐵𝐶 = 0
𝑩𝑪 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝟗𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝐵𝑁 = 0
 Nodo N

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝐴𝑁 + 𝑁𝑀 + 𝑁𝐶 = 0

2 2
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = (17,451𝐾𝑁). ( ) + 𝑁𝑀 ∗ ( )
3,202 3,36
2
+ 𝑁𝐶 ∗ ( )=0
3,202

= 0,595𝑁𝑀 + 0,625𝑁𝐶
= −10,9𝐾𝑁 ≫ 𝑬𝑪𝟏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝐵𝑁 = 0

𝑁𝐵 + 𝑁𝐴 + 𝑁𝑀 + 𝑁𝐶 = 0
2,5 2,7 2,5
(17,451𝐾𝑁). ( )+( ) 𝑁𝑀 − ( ) 𝑁𝐶 = 0
3,2 3,36 3,2
= 0,803𝑁𝑀 − 0,781𝐹𝑁𝐶 = −13,625𝐾𝑁 ≫ 𝑬𝑪𝟐

 Planteamos las ecuaciones en la matriz y nos arroja los siguientes resultados:

𝑁𝑀 = −17,617𝐾𝑁
𝑵𝑴 = 𝟏𝟕, 𝟔𝟏𝟕𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
𝑁𝐶 = −0,668𝐾𝑁
𝑵𝑪 = 𝟎, 𝟔𝟔𝟖𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
NOTA: Para calcular la barra ML, consideramos una parte de la estructura como cuerpo
rígido y hallamos el momento alrededor de E

∑ 𝑀𝐸 = −13.625𝐾𝑁 ∗ 8𝑚 + 5𝐾𝑁 ∗
4𝑚 + 𝑀𝐿 ∗ 5.2𝑚 = 0
= −109𝐾𝑁𝑚 + 20𝐾𝑁𝑚 + 𝑀𝐿 ∗ 5.2
=0
= −89 + 𝑀𝐿 ∗ 5.2 = 0
89
𝑀𝐿 = = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟏𝟏𝟓 𝑲𝑵
5.2
→ 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊ó𝒏

NODO M.
∑ 𝐹𝑥=0
2
=( ) . (17,617𝐾𝑁) − 17.115𝐾𝑁
3,36
2
+( ) 𝑀𝑂 = 0
3,36
= −6.635 + 0.595𝑀𝑂 = 0
6.635
𝑀𝑂 =
0.595
𝑴𝑶 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟐𝟎𝟓𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊ó𝒏

2,7 2,7
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, ( ) . (17,617𝐾𝑁) − ( ) (11.15) − 𝑀𝐶 = 0
3,36 3,36
= 14,156𝐾𝑁 − 8.96 − 𝑀𝐶 = 0
𝑀𝐶 = 14.156 − 8.96
 𝑴𝑪 = 𝟓. 𝟏𝟗𝟐 𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
NODO C

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0,

2,5 2,5
−( ) . (0,668𝐾𝑁 ) − ( ) 𝐶𝑂
3,202 3,202
− 5𝐾𝑁 = 0
= −0.329 − 0.78𝐶𝑂 = 0
0.329
𝐶𝑂 = = −0.425
−0.78
𝑪𝑶 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟐𝟓 𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0, −10,9𝐾𝑁
2
+( ) . (0,668𝐾𝑁)
3,202
2
−( ) (−0.425) + 𝐶𝐷
3,202
=0
𝑪𝑫 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝟐𝟏𝟓𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏

NODO D

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0

= −(10,215𝐾𝑁) + 𝐷𝐸 = 0
𝑫𝑬 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝟐𝟏𝟓𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

+↑ ∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0, 𝐷𝑂 = 0

𝑫𝑶 = 𝟎
NODO O.

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
=− ( ) . (0,425𝐾𝑁)
3,202
2
−( ) . (11,205𝐾𝑁)
3,36
2
+( ) 𝑂𝐸 = 0
3,202
= −0,624𝐾𝑁 − 6,67𝐾𝑁 + 0,624𝑂𝐸
=0
7,294
𝑂𝐸 =
0,624
𝑶𝑬 = 𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏

NODO L

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

= −17,155𝐾𝑁 + 𝐿𝐾 = 0
𝑳𝑲 = 𝟏𝟕, 𝟏𝟓𝟓𝑲𝑵
→ 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑳𝑬 = 𝟎
Nodo E.

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0,

2 2.5
=( ) . (11.11𝐾𝑁) + ( ) 𝐸𝑃
3.202 3.202
− 7.5 𝐾𝑁 = 0
= 8.666𝐾𝑁 + 0.78𝐸𝑃 − 7.5𝐾𝑁 = 0
= 1.166 + 0.78𝐸𝑃 = 0
−1.166𝐾𝑁
𝐸𝑃 = = −1.49 𝐾𝑁
0.78
𝑬𝑷 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0,

2
= −(10.215𝐾𝑁) − ( ) . (11.1𝐾𝑁)
3.202
2
+( ) (−1.49) − 𝐸𝐹
3.202
=0
𝐸𝐹 = −18.077 𝐾𝑁
𝑬𝑭 = 𝟏𝟖. 𝟎𝟕𝟕𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

NODO F

∑ 𝐹𝑥 =

−18,077 + 𝐹𝐺 = 0
𝑭𝑮 = 𝟏𝟖, 𝟎𝟕𝟕𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

= −7𝐾𝑁 + 𝐹𝑃 = 0
𝑭𝑷 = 𝟕𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
 NODO I

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0

2
= −𝐼𝐻 − ( ) 𝐼𝐽 = 0
3,202
2
𝐼𝐻 = − (−25,456𝐾𝑁)
3,202
𝑰𝑯 = 𝟏𝟓, 𝟗𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0

2,5
= 19,875 + 𝐼𝐽
3,202
= 19,875 + 0,78𝐼𝐽
−19,875
𝐹𝐼𝐽 = = −25,456
0,78
𝑰𝑱 = 𝟐𝟓, 𝟒𝟓𝟔𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

NODO H

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = −𝐻𝐺 + 15,9𝐾𝑁 = 0

𝑯𝑮 = 𝟏𝟓, 𝟗𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

𝑯𝑱 = 𝟎
 NODO J

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2 2
= −( ) 𝐽𝐺 − ( ) 𝐽𝐾
3,202 3,36
2
−( ) . (25,456𝐾𝑁)
3,202
=0
= −(0,624 𝐽𝐺 ) − (0,595𝐽𝐾 ) = 15,9𝐾𝑁
≫ 𝑬𝑪𝟏.

2,5 2,7
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = − ( ) 𝐽𝐺 + ( ) 𝐽𝐾
3,202 3,36
2,5
+( ) . (25,456𝐾𝑁)
3,202
=0
= −(0,78𝐽𝐺 ) + (𝑂, 8𝐽𝐾 ) = −19,875𝐾𝑁 ≫ 𝑬𝑪𝟐.
 Planteamos las ecuaciones en la matriz y nos arroja los siguientes resultados:

𝐽𝐺 = −0,928𝐾𝑁
𝑱𝑮 = 𝟎, 𝟗𝟐𝟖𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
𝐽𝐾 = −25,748𝐾𝑁
𝑭𝑱𝑲 = 𝟐𝟓, 𝟕𝟒𝟖𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.
 NODO K

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
= −( ) 𝐾𝑃 + 17.155𝐾𝑁
3.36
2
−( ) . (25.748𝐾𝑁)
3,36
=0
−0.595𝐾𝑃 + 17,155𝐾𝑁 − 15.326𝐾𝑁
−1,829
𝐾𝑃 =
−0,595
𝑭𝑲𝑷 = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟕𝟒𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

2.7 2.7
= −( ) . (3.074𝐾𝑁) + ( ) . (25.748) − 𝐹𝐾𝐺 = 0
3.36 3.36
𝐾𝐺 = −2.47𝐾𝑁 + 20.69𝐾𝑁
𝑲𝑮 = 𝟏𝟖, 𝟐𝟐𝑲𝑵 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏.

NODO G

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
= −18,077 + ( )𝐺𝑃
3.202
2
−( ) . (0,928𝐾𝑁)
3,202
+ 15,9𝐾𝑁 = 0
= −18,077 + 0,62𝐺𝑃 − 0,58 + 15,9𝐾𝑁
=0
= −2.757 + 0.624𝐺𝑃 = 0
2.757
𝐺𝑃 =
0.624
𝑮𝑷 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟏𝟖𝑲𝑵 → 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
Nodo P.

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝑃𝐸 + 𝑃𝐾 + 𝑃𝐺 = 0

2
−( ) (1,49𝐾𝑁)
3,202
2
+( ) . (3,074𝐾𝑁)
3,36
2
−( ) . (4,418) = 0
3,202
= 0.93 + 1.83 − 0,58 − 2.76 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟗.
Método de secciones
BARRA MO

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
= −17,155 + ( ) 𝑀𝑂
3,36
2
+ ( ) (0.425)
3,2
+ 10.215 = 0
2
= −17.155 ( ) 𝑀𝑂 + 0,265
3,36
+ 10.215 = 0
6.67
−6.67 + 0.595𝑀𝑂 𝑀𝑂 =
0.595

𝑀𝑂 = 11,205𝐾𝑁 Tensión

BARRA KJ
2
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = −15.9 + ( ) (0.928)
3,202
2
−( ) 𝐾𝐽 = 0
3,36
−15,9𝐾𝑁 + 0.58 − 0.595𝐾𝐽 = 0
0.595𝐾𝐽 = −15.32
−15.227
𝐾𝐽 = ( ) 𝐹𝐽𝐾
0.595
𝑲𝑱 = −𝟐𝟓, 𝟕𝟒𝟖𝑲𝑵
→ 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏
 BARRA EP

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0

2
= −18.077𝐾𝑁 + ( ) 𝐸𝑃
3,202
+ 17.155𝐾𝑁 = 0
−18.077 + 0.624𝐸𝑃 + 17.155
=0
−0.922 + 0.624𝐸𝑃 = 0
0.922
𝐸𝑃 = ( )
0.624
𝑬𝑷 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟕𝟕 → 𝑻𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏

BARRA HJ.

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

2.5
19.875 − ( ) . (25.456) + 𝐻𝐺 = 0
3,202
𝐻𝐽 = 19.875 − 19.875

𝑯𝑱 = 𝟎
Datos obtenidos.