5° DE SECUNDARIA ALGEBRA

Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES

Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
𝐃𝐄𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐎𝐍: 𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐃𝐀𝐃 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐁𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐀
𝑆𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑎 . 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 𝑎. 𝑏 + 𝑎. 𝑐
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑏 − 𝐺𝑒𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒:
𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏+𝑐
𝑒𝑙 𝑢𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐴1 𝐴2
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 𝑎
𝑎. 𝑏 𝑎. 𝑐
𝑂𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝐴 𝑥 𝑦 𝐵 𝑥 𝑏 𝑐
Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝐴1 + 𝐴2
𝐴 𝑥 ×𝐵 𝑥 =𝐶 𝑥
𝑎 𝑏+𝑐
𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
𝑎. 𝑏 𝑎. 𝑐
 Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
𝐏𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐈𝐄𝐃𝐀𝐃 𝐃𝐄 𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐕𝐄𝐍 𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐎 𝐃𝐄 𝐔𝐍 𝐁𝐈𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐈𝐎
𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐔𝐀𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐎
𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑥 + 𝑏 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏
𝑎+𝑏 2=
𝑎 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
✓ 𝑥 ต
+ 4 𝑥 ต
+ 9 = 𝑥 2+ 13𝑥
+ 36 𝑎−𝑏 2=
𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2

ต 2+ 𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑎: 𝐴 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
✓ 𝑥− 3𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎
ต
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
𝑥− 6 =𝑥 9𝑥 + 18
𝑎2 ± 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑒 𝑙𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑎
✓ 𝑥 ต
− 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
7 ต
𝑥+5 = 𝑥 2− 2𝑥 − 35 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑜 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜.
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
✓ 𝑥 ต
+ 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
8 𝑥 ต
− 4 = 𝑥 2+ 4𝑥 − 32
2 = 𝑥 2 + 2 𝑥 3 + 32
✓ 𝑥+3
𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜 = 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9
 Tema:
C U R S O DPRODUCTOS
E ÁLGEBRA NOTABLES

✓ 𝑥−7 2 = 𝑥2− 2 𝑥 7 + 72
𝑎 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 +2 𝑎𝑏
= 𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 + 49
2= 2+ 2 2 𝑎+ 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 +2 ต
𝑎𝑏
✓ 2𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 2𝑥 3 + 3
= 4𝑥 2+ 12𝑥 + 9 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎
2 2
1 1 1 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜
✓ 𝑥 − = 𝑥 2− 2 𝑥
+ 𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1 ✓ 6 +2 5 = 5 + 1 + 2 5 × 1
2
1 = 5 + 1 = 5 + 1
=𝑥 −2+ 2
𝑥
2 2 ✓ 5 +2 6 = 3 + 2 + 2 3 × 2
2
✓ 𝑎+ 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 2 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑏
= 3+ 2
 Tema:
C U R S O DPRODUCTOS
E ÁLGEBRA NOTABLES

✓ 8 +2 15 = 5 + 3+ 2 5 × 3 ✓ 11 +2 28 = 7 + 4+ 2 7 × 4
= 5+ 3 = 7+ 4 = 7+2
𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛

✓𝐴 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 4 2 − 4 2
= 𝑥 + 4 2 − 16
÷2
2−
✓𝐵 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 12𝑥 − 15 = 𝑥 − 12𝑥 + 6 2− 6
2 2 2 −15 = 𝑥−6 51
÷2
2−
✓𝐶 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 18𝑥 + 35 = 𝑥 + 18𝑥 + 9 2− 9
2 2 2
+ 35 = 𝑥 + 9 46
÷2
 Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐒 𝐃𝐄 𝐋𝐄𝐆𝐄𝐍𝐃𝐑𝐄 2 2
1 1 1
✓ 𝑥+𝑥 − 𝑥−
𝑥
=4 𝑥
𝑎 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑎 − 𝑏 2 = 2 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 𝑥
=4 1
𝑎 + 𝑏 2 − 𝑎 − 𝑏 2 = 4 𝑎𝑏
2 2
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠: ✓ 3+ 2 + 3− 2
2 2
✓ 𝑥+1 2
+ 𝑥 − 1 2 = 2 𝑥2 + 1 =2 3 + 2 = 10
2
− 𝑥 − 3 2= 4 𝑥 3 𝐃𝐈𝐅𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐈𝐀 𝐃𝐄 𝐂𝐔𝐀𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐎𝐒
✓ 𝑥+3
2 2 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏2
✓ 2𝑥 + 5 + 2𝑥 − 5
= 2 2𝑥 2+ 25 𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
2− 2
✓ 𝑥 + 2 𝑥 − 2 = 𝑥 2
 Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
2− 2
✓ 2𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 − 3 = 2𝑥 3 2 2 7− 5
2 −9 ✓ = ×
= 4𝑥 7+ 5 7+ 5 7− 5
2 2
✓ 5+ 3 5− 3 = 5 − 3 2
=2
2 2 = 7− 5
✓ 7 + 2 7 − 2 = 7 − 2 𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐎 𝐃𝐄 𝐔𝐍
=5 𝐁𝐈𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐈𝐎 𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐔𝐁𝐎
𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑅𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑟
1 1 3+ 2 𝑎 + 𝑏 3=1𝑎3+3 𝑎2 𝑏 +3 𝑎 𝑏 2+1𝑏 3
✓ = ×
3− 2 3− 2 3+ 2 𝑎 − 𝑏 3= 1𝑎3−3 𝑎2 𝑏 +3 𝑎 𝑏 2−1𝑏 3
1
= 3+ 2
 Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐒 𝐃𝐄 𝐂𝐀𝐔𝐂𝐇𝐘 𝐒𝐔𝐌𝐀 𝐘 𝐃𝐈𝐅𝐄𝐑𝐄𝐍𝐂𝐈𝐀
𝐃𝐄 𝐂𝐔𝐁𝐎𝐒
𝑎 + 𝑏 3 = 𝑎3+ 𝑏3 + 3 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 + 𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎2− 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3
𝑎 − 𝑏 3 = 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 − 3 𝑎𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑏
𝑎 − 𝑏 𝑎2+ 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 = 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
✓ 𝑥 + 5 3= 𝑥 3+53+ 3 𝑥 5 𝑥 + 5 2 3+
✓ 𝑥 + 1 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑥 1
= 𝑥 3+125 + 15𝑥 𝑥 + 5
3= 3 3− 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 − 2 2 3−
✓ 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 − 2 ✓ 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑥 1
= 𝑥 3− 8 − 6𝑥 𝑥 − 2
2 3+
✓ 𝑥 + 3 𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 9 = 𝑥 27
 Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES

𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐎 𝐃𝐄 𝐔𝐍 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐈𝐎 𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐔𝐀𝐃𝐑𝐀𝐃𝐎

𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2+ 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 +2 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐
𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑎: 𝐴 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 𝑠𝑒 𝑙𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎 𝑑𝑒
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠.
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑠:
2 𝑥 2+ 2+ 2 +2 𝑥𝑚 + 5𝑚+ 5𝑥
✓ 𝑥 + 𝑚 + 5 = 𝑚 5
2 2 2 2
✓ 2 + 3 + 5 = 2 + 3 + 5 +2 2 3 + 3 5+ 2 5
= 10 + 2 6 + 15 + 10
2 2= 𝑥 4+ 2 + 32 +2 𝑥 2 𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 3𝑥 2
✓ 𝑥 +𝑥+3 𝑥
Tema:
C U R S O DPRODUCTOS
E ÁLGEBRA NOTABLES
2 2 2+ 2
✓ 𝑥 −𝑥−1 = 𝑥 −𝑥 + −1
= 𝑥 2 2 + −𝑥 2 + −1 2 +2 𝑥 2 −𝑥 + −𝑥 −1 + 𝑥 2 −1
4 + 2 + +2 − 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 2
= 𝑥 𝑥 1
𝐃𝐄𝐒𝐀𝐑𝐑𝐎𝐋𝐋𝐎 𝐃𝐄 𝐔𝐍 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐍𝐎𝐌𝐈𝐎 𝐀𝐋 𝐂𝐔𝐁𝐎

𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 3 = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3+ 3 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑏 + 𝑐 𝑎 + 𝑐
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 3= 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3+ 3 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 − 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 3= 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3+ 3𝑎𝑏 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 3𝑏𝑐 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 3𝑎𝑐 𝑎 + 𝑐
+ 6𝑎𝑏𝑐
Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑠: 𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑎; 𝑏; 𝑐 ⊂ ℝ
2 2 2 𝑎 =𝑏 =𝑐=0
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 =0
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏+ 𝑐 = 0 𝑎 =𝑏 =𝑐=0
2 2 2 = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 𝑎=𝑏=𝑐
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
𝐈𝐆𝐔𝐀𝐋𝐃𝐀𝐃𝐄𝐒 𝐂𝐎𝐍𝐃𝐈𝐂𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐀𝐋𝐄𝐒
𝑆𝑒𝑎 𝑎; 𝑏; 𝑐 ⊂ ℝ 𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒:
2 2 2 = −2 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
3 3 3 = 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
2 2 2 2
✓ 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐
Tema: PRODUCTOS NOTABLES

4 4 4= 2 21 2 2
✓𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2
2
5 5 5 = − 5 𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐

6 6 6 2 3
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 3 𝑎𝑏𝑐 − 2 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐
7 7 7 = 7 𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑐 2
✓ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
¡Muchas Gracias!