OBSERVAGOÑ

21%02
TERMOQU / MICA +2,1=3,76%2
•

Aire
• 79 to Nz

PROBLEM A
( Oz 1- 3,76 Nz ) •
4,76km 01 aire

AIRE

1. Un kmol de octano ( Celtis ) se

quema conaire
que
wntiene20kmoldeoz.dupongaguelosproowctoswntienenc.cz ,

el ≥ de moles Cada los

H2O , Oz y Nz ,
determine n en gas en

relation entre wmbu de

proowctosy.la aire
para
este
proceso
-

combustion
Cq His +20102+3,76 Nz ) •
✗ ( Oz 1-
YHZO 1-1-02
+
WNZ
↳ His
lainara PIC PIH P / 02
• 1-
1km0 '

de ,
8=11 18 =
24 20.2=2×1-41-27
¥ combustion 161-9+27
4=9 40 =

CO → comb inwmpleta P / N2 (40-16-9) = 2-

2W 2
aireleoriw min cant de
2120 3,76 )
-

=
-

. .

aire neesita para la

que
se
7,5 = Z
W =
75,2
combustion wmpheta

Oz →
product ( aire en

exceso )

( 8h18 t 201021-3,76 Nz ) •
8 ( Oz 1- 911-20+7,5031-75,2 Nz
AC = Maire M = N .
Ñ C =
(8×12)=96
Mcombu dire Ñ = 29 kg
It 18
N.aire.tn?airekmT.
=

AC =

Numb Ñ combo Ñ 114 kg 114

Octavio
-

.
=

KMOL

C. = (20.47-6) .
29 Determination de aireteoriw
=

1. 114 Reaction complete

C8Hl8 Ath ( 021-3,76 Nz ) ✗(

02+411-20
+ → + 2-
Nz
AC =
24,21 kg aire
8
✗ =
7=9 ploxigeno
wmbu
kg .

Lath 12,5
100
=
2×+4 ath =

e¥÷×ioo=
✗
,

= 160%-100 =
6¥ ,
hath = 2.81-9
 2. Carbon de Pensilvania von un analisis elemental ten masa ) de
,

89,3640 de C
,
1,89% Hz
,
4,40010 de 02
,
0,63 % de Nz ,

de s de Cerritos ( no combustible )
0,89 to y 7,8340 requena
Wn la cant .
teorica de aire .
Hacienda Law 0min del Wnt .

de caritas determine Kes fractious mold red la Masa molar

,
"
y

aparente OU WI
gates product o de la combustion Tambieñ .

"

determine la relation aire - combustible necesaria para este

proceso al combustion Carbin

de
100kg
.

Carbin % Masa
,

C) Hz , 84,36%0 Nc =
M_ =
84,33 kgc
Gates
02 , M, S I 1,89% Hz
Ñ
01 12kg / knot
product
,

Unita 4,40%02 ☆

0,63% Nz
Onita
Aire 1- 0,89% s Nc =
7,03 kmol
too ÑW 7,83 to Onita

N =
m_ = 1189 kg H2O
Hz M 2kg / kmol
No =
4,40kg Oz =
011375 kmol
,

Knot
32kg1 kmol N
µ,
=
0,945

Nµ =
0 , 022k Mol Ng =
0,0278 knob
,

7103C +
0,945 Hz 1- 0,137502+-0,022%1-0,027855 + ÑtÑ) -

✗ Coz +
y H2O t 2- SO
,
t w Nz

t 2 ath
0,945 Y 0,0278 2.011375 t
Zxty
✗ + 27
7,03
= = =
=

01022 -104h .
✗=2/w9+n =
7,393 Kma

W =
27,82 knot

7103Gt 0,945 Hz +0,137502+01022%1-0,027852 t 7,3931021-3,76 Nz ) •

7,03102 t 0,945 Hzot

0,0278802 t
27,82 Nz
 N product knob
o
=
7,03 1- 0,945 t 0,02781-27,82 =
35,82
4

✗ coz = 7103 =
0,1963 ✗ =
0,945 =
0,02638 ✗ 0,000776
µ, so ;

35,82 35,89

Ñ =
M_
☐ Masa de gases =
"" ÑᵗN " " ÑtNmÑtNsozµ
✗
µ,
=
0,776 N N total de gases 35,82

my 7%5
Ñlproowcto =
EN p
.m^%%"r Ñ =
30,91 kg
NT Mol

Ñ= ( 7,03 . 44 ) + (0,945.181+1010278.64)+(27-18.28)
35,82
AC Maire
( 7,397 41761.29
10,20kg air /
=
= .
=

m combo
100 kgwmb ,

3. Cierto gas
natural tiene el
siguienteanalisisvownetn.co :
-1
72% de cha
,

9% de Hz 114
◦
to de Nz 2% de Oz Y 340 de 002 Este H
,
.

gas qvema
aire no exceso

ton la esteguiométrica de aire entra la ccimara de

cant
que
.
a

combustion a 20°C ratm y 80% de humedad relatives Como se

, ,

indica combustion complete presion total latm

<

Juponga una
yuna
de
, y

determine la temp .
Ole punto de rovio de los product a
tkmol de combos

combustible
41-902 / Hz I
102
( 0172 ( Hqt 0109 Hzt 0114 Nzt 0,0202 +

pHz0
,

N2 , wz
=p
%
Aire = 0,03 (Oz ) t
ath 102+3,76 Nz )
20°C =
80%

• ✗ 102 t
YHZO + t
N2

0,721-0,03 = ✗
(0,7-2.4)+(2.0/09)=24 (0103.27+10102.2)+201 tn=h 6,7-51-453 .

✗ =
0175 Y
=
1,53 ath =
1,465

Nvaire = Pparoalaire
C.
018012¥ , 0114 +
( atn .

3,761=7
Ptotal
Ntaire 2-
5,648
=
 Hˢl%ᵗ;¥;gNa?#
'
an =
1,465

N = 1187
6,97 + Maire 101,325
aired
1,465 .
4,76 =
6,97 kmol aire Jew

Hbo .

Nnaire =
01131k mob Dna = 0,80 Psat . 120%1
"
tab.la/t-4-
213392hPa
Pna =
1,871 kDa

( 017241-4+0109%+0114 Nyt 0,02021-01031+11465102+3,76 No ) +

0113111-20 51648 N2
0,7502+1,664,1%0,2
b. +

01131

11661
N
Nyp = V P
,

NT p PT
1,661 101,325 20,88hPa
,

in Php =
. =

8,059 8,059 [
Tabla A -4

Tpr =
60,9°C
"

Se octano ( coolth ) El anolis is volumetric de to

4.
que ma con aire seco •

base ( figural
product Os en una sea es

602=10,0240 02=5,6240 LO 0,88 to Ny 83,48%

◦
=
=

Determine a) la relation aire -

combustible
,
b) % aire teoñw utilitaoloy
c) la tant de H2O londlhsd Wando 10s product seenfrian hasta
geese
.
or

25°C a 100hPa .
 Datos .

A- Hombu = ? ( 811-18
(e) + 9th ( 021-3,76 Nz ) • ✗ (Oz +
YHZO + 2- Nz

(811-186)
21=18 Lath
2×+1
=

145-3,76=7
25°C
Lath = 101-9
F-
-2=47 y=q
ath =
12,5
D= Latin 8
✗ =

(811-186) + 12,51021-3,76 Nz ) • 8C0zt 911-201-47 Nz

↓ "

A- Hwmb = AH react Attest

sequence y ~ Treac #produce
↳ Kusa ion Iat
libera Q
A-
Hwmb =
[ np.lt?-Z-nrHr0 06101 reales dit Attest -_ 0
~ ~
a lot products
Pʳᵈr" " reach" "
Q sale / liberato Ñ=µy ( ( g # is)
b.
Altwmb / 8 -393520 )t ( 9 -285830 )t ( 1 -249950 )
AHH
≥ .
, .

5470680 KJ -47988,42¥
Hwmb
kindly
A- =
-

•
=

* Kgwmb .
 DATOS si no espeuiiica •
vapor

F- 25°C

↳ 11-8 ( 021-3176 Nz) ✗ Coz +

yHzO + ZCO tw Nz + t Oz
t1÷¥
•

↳ Hg t ath ( Oz + 3,76N2) • ✗ coz +

yHzO + 2- Nz

=3 8 29th 2X 5. 1,5=7,5
✗
try ty ath
= = =

4=4 Lath = 2.31--4

Ath = 5

• 2,7 moles = ✗
y = a 12W =
7 , 5. 3,76 •
¢
(Oz •
3m06s
moles 2-
✗ =3 W =
28,2
•
0,3 =

y -12×+24=(1-15.2)
t +

A- ( = Maire = 715.4176 -29s .

0,3+41-12.3 ) + at = 7.5.2

Mccomb 1.44
t = 2,65

AC =
23,52 kga b) take = ✗ unid .
de tiempo
/ Kym )
;n

kg comb

A- Hwmb AH react A- Hestado

A) kgwmb
=

in comb =
0105
°

AHreac=EnpHr°
min
_

-2hr Hr
inane 23,53kg aire
0,0s
kgmY- nHr°
=
✗
Altestww ZnHp° [
hgwnt
= _

hiaire =
11176kg aire
min
 ↳ 11-81-7,51021-3,76 Nz ) • 2,76021-411-201-0,3 Cot 28,2%+216502

Nzy Oz → 0

Althea ,
=
12,7 .
-3935201-4 .
-2418201-0,3 .
-110530
) -

( 1 .
-103850 )

AH°reac= -

1959093 K1
Knob

Hoo ,
=
Hcozlt ) -

Hcoz ( F- 25°C
)

A- Hestaolo It 1298K ) HIISOOK ) H 1280k)

no sale
↳ 11-8

Oz 8682 49292 8150

Nz 8669 47073 8141

CO , 9364 71078

H2O 9904 57999

CO 8669 47517

Analisisde product ol
Aw ,
=
Hcozlt ) -

Hcoz It -25°C )
-

HAW =
Hitaoltl -
Hcozlt-254

57999-9904=48095
Hcoz = 71078 -

9364 HA,o=
61714
Has =

Hµ ,
≥ 47073-8669=38404

Aw = 47517 -8669
Ho ≥ 49292-8689=40610
,

Hoo = 38848

Reactivate

HGH , = 0
Any =
8141-8669=-528

Ho ,
-_ 8150-8682=-532
Altegtado =
( 217.617141-4.480951-013.388481-28,2 384041-2,65-40610 ) .

( 1.0 't 7,5 -5321-28,2

. .
-528 )

AH
estado
=
1561271,5 -

18879,6

Attestwow =
1580151,1 KI
kmol

AH =
Attract Altestudo

AH 1959093
b¥ t 1580151,1 KI
= -

,, kmol

AH =
-378941,9 KJ

kmolwmb

m =
0,05 kg_
min

in 0,05k$ Ñttwmb -31m¥

-378941,94k¥
1 -1,14×10
=
. kmI =
.

min µg kg
in =
1,14×10-3
hmm;÷ Ñltwmb .

-430,62 KI
min

4
 LIQUID 0
Temp .de Mama adiabatic a OCTANO
-

Hor + Attest = 0 Attest =

{ Hsal -

{ Hent

-
AH ; = AH :*
Attest =
/ Cp 01T

a)
(
8h18 + ath ( Ozt 3,76 Nz
) • ✗( 02+411-20 ttNz

✗ 8
24=18
=

2kt
Y Lath 1- ath -3,76
=
=

4=9 161-9 =2ath 7=49

ath =
12,5

(
811-181-12,5 ( 021-3,76 Nz) ☆ 8621-911-20+47 Nz

Hest =
/ Cp 01T =
Cp ( Tf - To ) -
ÑHr
+ Ti =
Tf
<
Cp >

AH°reaa=InH°p -

-2nA :

AH°reacc =
(1-393520.8)+19 .
-241820 )] -

[ -249950
]
◦

AH react = -5074590 KI

-
kg
>
R Ini Ai Ini .Bi To ( 1) tsnici To (1-2+7+1)
]
Tcp > = + T -

+ Zaidi + = T

) 2 3 p.pe, To
8,314 * _

-3
Ai Bi Ci Di Smith
pXÑ tabla
→

pxio
, , ,

B. 103
's

Product Oj n A D. 10 To -_
298k

Ci=o

HzO"°"ˢ
coz

-93Mt
N30|040
 Ini Ai = ( 8.
5,481-11-(9.31470/+147.31280)
Ini Ai =
229,04

Ini Bi =
(8.110451110-3)+19.1 ,
450×10-3 ) + [ 47.9593×10--3)

Ini Bi =
0,049281 ≥
0,02464 ✗ To =
7,355
2

Zni Di = ( 8. 3,280×1071-19 . 1,450×104+(47.01040×105)

Ini bi =
-7,079

<
Cp > =
8,314/229,046+7,3551×-11 ) -

7,079
]
T

<
Cp > = d

Tf
Tsupvesta T < Cp >

300k 1,006 1968,45 2875,96

2875,96k 9,651 2549,49 2248,43

2288,43 2427,99 2388,02

-

2388158 2448,2 2370,1-8

I

2370,78 2444,522373K

b) ( 8418 t 4. 9th / 021-3,76 Nz ) ☐ ✗ CO2 1-

y H2O 1--2 Nz 1-1-02

( 8h18 1- 4. 12,5 ( 021-3,76 Nz ) • 81021-9 Hzo + 188 Nz t 12,502

✗ = 8

24=18 12.503,76=2/7 2.50=2×1-4 1- 2T

1=9 100 2T
188 = 2- = 161-9 1-

752=37,5
t =
 pxio-2.pl/0sProductojn A B. 103 D- '
AH:eaa=5nH ; -3nA :

y.gg#st-7AHfeacc=
coz -
501-4590 Ks

knob

93,4701145¥ Zhi Ai =
827,99

Nif EniBi.to =

22,628

Oz 37,5 3,639 01506 -9227 ZniDi =

-10,28
1-02

< Cp > =

8,314--827,991-22,628 ( Ttl ) -
10,28
T
(t) products de
esoeñrse
combustion
distribute 's
ma
-

ll Lalor

// f
"" "" " " "
" "
" "" °
"
↓ "
" "° "
"" "" " ""
"°
'

932,16 3,12 7633,19 962,6

962,8 3,231 7653,33 961,056

9
 NAQVI WAS TERM / CAS

Maquinastermicas Q • W

Wneto 1 QL
N Salida
requeñda
-

= = =

entrada requerida QH QH

TT@+ Wnet = QH -
QL
QH
✓

HIT • Wneto

QL
y,

TIN
-

Refrigerator

COP = Salida deteaola = QL =

1

entrada
recfuerida Wneto
QA - L

THIN QL
^
QH

Wneto Wneto =
QH - QL
R <

^
QL

T
Carnot 1-
I
n
-

TH

TH

Ti
Unto = QH - Qi = 80MW -50MW = 30MW
,
_
Para saber la cant .
Marx de

w pue.ae @
se rar a
Wreto 30MW
que
✗ 0,375
= = =

partir del Calor suministrado

QH
80MW
Max de te
-
cant .
calor
que puerile
N= 37,5% extiraer de un espacio

2kW =

2¥ ilhetu = 0TH - OIL

COP = OIL QH =
Ñvretu + ÑL
•Wreto
⑤A
-

2kg1
KJ
=
1- 360 1min
To
.

⇒
COP 360¥
.IM/inQi+=8ks2k/.mi
=

604 .

cop = 3
.

D= 2440 =
0,24 mi = ? PC = 19000 Btu
Ibm
 N = Uheto lhp 0,7068 Btu ① =

I
QH mi

270,83 hp ✗ =
191,42 Btu

¥
0124 =
bshp s .
Ñ =

QH

QH 0,24=65 hp
in = Q =
191,42B¥
.

g-
044=270183 hp
19000
B¥-m
in = 0101 lbm
s

Aportar Calor .
Went =
? Qi = ?

COP = QH When = H - Qi
Wreto
L =
QH -
Wreto
k]
2,5 = 80.000
I •

32.000b¥
80
Q
-000T¥
= -

Wreto

%
hereto = 32.000k ] = 48.000

I
 a) b)
1- TL N= Wreto
✗ =

QH
TH

Wneto 016711500K ]
303¢
=

N= I -

925¢ 335k ]
Unto =

N= 0,67 Wreto = QH -
Q

Qc = 50043 -335k ]
.

QL -

_ 165K]

Tabla R -1349 COP 1 Qi

, +* 1
=
COP =
p= 217,08hPa
↑ M=
018kg
no , I Wreto
hv
Qlm 204,52 KJ
-

TL QL Wneto
COP 1
= .
WP
Fg
WHO =

goc Refrigerator { Q, =
15k } .
9,46 Mv = QL = 141,9
293
-

CARNOT - L hv
1--
Evaporation 204,52
26g Q, = 141,9 Ky
^
QL
Mv =
0,64kg
/ -8°C / ↳ porestose COP =
9,46
Usa QL .
fmasa / vapor =
M÷ = 0169
018
=
0,86
 Wneto

THIN
☐(
N
=
=

QA
mic = 937500
¥ .¥¥
2.8.0005
QH 0,32 = 300MW
✓
QH
Unto =3 00MW
MT > mic =
33,482 kg
QH = 300×103 KJ
g
N =
32%
s
0132
"
-

QL
Is
✓
QH = 937500 KJ
33,482
Tig s

✗ 86400s ( 24h )

PC = 28.000 KJ ✗ = 2,89×106 kg de Carbin .

b)
kg Maire
12k41g 33,482.1¥
=
◦

miaire
401,8k¥
=

in = QI Dc = cant _
de Calor liberato

THI Pc
por unid .
de Masa

/ QH 0TH =
mi o
Pc =

601¥ ◦
30

-000¥ 1000,4¥
. . 1h1
/
Y 3600s

Wreto
MT >

§ # = 500MW
N = Wneto =
154MW = 30%

QH 5001MW
QL
V

AtmosferaJ-
 ? QH
a) Wneto =

b) Wseto = -
Qi
THI /

↑ I
Q.it
COP =
Qt

Wrlto
Wretot QL = QH

Wreto QH 50K£
Refrigerators
.
=
t 60kt
Wretu = QL 60 KI
=
Min Min
a COP 1,2min
OIL

Ñreto
0TH = 110 Ks
983kW
tip
=
min

Ñutu=
THI COP =
QL 15625 KI .
th
36005
h

↑QH Wreto

Wreto 1,60 25000k€ Ueto 4,34kW

Refrigerators
.
= =

Wreto
^
011

if
 4
As
¥ %¥¥- }sk '

;
-
-

= =

Q
300k - -

'
i-inq.iiiiii-I.sf.IT
! 1 :
I l
I
'

101=2000%1,
1
Q -2000K]
-

i. it i
I 1

:
I E- : ! Ic -1-501 I
i. -
-

ASFTH = Q = 20010 = -

2,5 KI Spy, = = 209$ =

-

2,5 KJ
K
TH 801/0 H
8410 k

AS a
#
= =
204¢
say
= 4 KJ

I
Spy ,
=
Q =

200¢ =
2,66 KJ

K
To
75/0
,

sist
=

ASFTH +
SFTC Assist =

sFtµ +
SFTC

a)
16k¥
Assist -2,51-4 1,5
¥ Assist -2,51-2,66--0 ,
= =
=

Ma's irreversible
 volumes Cte

12134 -

A M= 5kg 51--1,0624 KJ

kg .k
F- 20°C P
,
__ 140hPa Pz = 100hPa
4=0116544 m3 -
V1 =
V2
kg
1- 4

" ◦ kPa ( Vg )
Vz=V + ✗ Ut
-

kPa
-18177°C
¥
-

(0,19254-0,0007259)

÷;y
i
0116544=0,0007259 + ✗

'

2937°C .
✗ =
0,86
1
i i.
! ; p
52 =
51 + ✗ ( Sg
-
Sf
)
010007258 0119255
52=0,07188 1-
0,86 ( 0187995 )

Sz =
0,8286 KJ

kg . K

V=3lbm 13=20 psia T -

-70°F 0=3450 Btu AS = ?

Q=AH
hi 38,08 T
•
"
Q= Hz -

Hi
" " " "

Hz=Qt Hi

"" "" °
' + ""°
22792°F - -

i 3-
!
'

70°F - - -

Btu
; ; 1+2=1188,08
1 i lbm
I 1

I 1

I Btv
'

i. i •
51=0,07459
196127 bbm
1156,2 1

5=52-51

H S

47679 5=1,7760-0,07459
1181,9
1188,08 1,7760
Btu
AS =
1,70141
1201,2 117933
Ibm .R
 adiabatic reversible __ isentropic s ,=sz
s h

6,7488 2927,9
KJ 6,8210 ✗ 2967,4
51=6,8210
=

•
T
SMPA kgrk 6,9553304019

" = " "" "

"
"

" "" ""

" "

"" W=AH
kg
• W = Hz -
H,
- -

;
- -

195,040C ;
- - -
-

hi
296744,1g
I 1
-

,
,
W=
-349,8k ]
I 1
, g.
i. : •

2,2835 6,4675 S

R -
134A

Ñ= d. vi. A

T ☆ V1 = bsi.hn
800hPa
d. A

" "" °
'

"" ↳ =
◦ " "" " ° #
•
*
-20,37°C
- -
- -
- -

;
I
V1 =
01029973 M
'

: • s

0,95 S

V2 = 0120978 • 0,5
KI kg
51=1,0110 4=296,81 ,
kg .k k
kg -

V2 =
0,10489 m

5
 A
1-

✗ =
M vapor =
M total -

mciquiolo
" ° ""
m total thtotal

Za
s
✗ =
Skg - .

=
0,25
5

V1
=
V2

☐
V
,
= Vft ✗ Vgf
V