𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠

𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑜 4: 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠
−𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛 𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
−𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑜 𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜
−𝐶𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑢𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠
−𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 (𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜)
𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎
2 2
𝑊𝑏 = ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = ∫ 𝑃 (𝑉2 − 𝑉1 )
1 1
𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎
2 2
𝑊𝑏 = ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = ∫ 𝑚𝑃(𝑣2 − 𝑣1 )
1 1
𝐶𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑦 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 ℎ𝑎𝑏𝑟á 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑃𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜
𝑃𝑉 𝑛 = 𝐶
𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝑃𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇
𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟ó𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑚𝑅(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
𝑊𝑏 = 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑛 ≠ 1
1−𝑛
𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟ó𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑉2
𝑊𝑏 = 𝑃𝑉 𝐼𝑛 ( ) 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑛 = 1
𝑉1
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛
𝐹
𝑃=
𝐴
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒
𝐹 = 𝑘𝑥
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒
∆V
𝑥=
𝐴
𝐸𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔í𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑎
𝑄 − 𝑊 = ∆𝑈 + ∆𝐸𝐶 + ∆𝐸𝑃 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝐸𝐶 𝑦 𝐸𝑃 𝑠𝑒𝑟á𝑛 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎 0
𝑄 − 𝑊𝑜𝑡𝑟𝑜 − 𝑊𝑏 = 𝑈2 − 𝑈1 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑈 𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔í𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎
𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜
𝑊𝑒 = 𝑉𝐼 ∆𝑡
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 (𝑒𝑛 𝑘𝐽 )
1 𝑘𝐽
𝑘𝑃𝑎 ∗ 𝑚 3 ( ) = 𝑘𝐽 → 𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎
1 𝑘𝑃𝑎 ∗ 𝑚 3
𝑘𝑁 1 𝑘𝐽
∗ 𝑚2 ( ) = 𝑘𝐽 → 𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒
𝑚 1 𝑘𝑁 ∗ 𝑚
𝑘𝐽
1 𝑠
𝑉 ∗ 𝐴∗ 𝑠( ) = 𝑘𝐽 → 𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑜 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜
1000𝑉𝐴
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝜕𝑢
𝑐𝑣 = ( )𝑣
𝜕𝑇
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝜕𝑢
𝑐𝑝 = ( )𝑃
𝜕𝑇
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑔𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑢2 − 𝑢1 = 𝑐𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) → 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
ℎ2 − ℎ1 = 𝑐𝑃 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) → 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝑐𝑃
𝑘=
𝑐𝑣
𝜋𝐷2
𝑚 = 𝜌𝑉 = 𝜌 𝐿 → 𝐶𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 ℎ𝑎𝑦 𝑢𝑛 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜
4
𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 (𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑦 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠)
𝑐𝑝 = 𝑐𝑣 = 𝑐

𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑜 5: 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑦 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔í𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙

𝐵𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑗𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜

∑ 𝑚̇ = ∑ 𝑚̇
𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎
𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝑉𝐴

𝑉22 − 𝑉12
𝑄̇ − 𝑊̇ = 𝑚̇ [ℎ2 − ℎ1 + + 𝑔(𝑧2 − 𝑧1 )] → 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑠 (𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑦 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠)
2
𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑄̇ = 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙
𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑊̇ = 𝑃𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑗𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠

𝑇𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑎
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 ↑, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑊 = 0, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎 ↓
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑜𝑟
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 ↓, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑊 = 0, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎 ↑
𝑉22 − 𝑉12
0 = 𝑚̇ [ℎ2 − ℎ1 + ]
2

𝑇𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 ↓, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎 ↓, 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 ↑
𝑊̇ = 𝑚̇ [ℎ1 − ℎ2 ]
𝑊̇ 𝑄̇
= 𝑚̇ , = 𝑚̇
𝑤 𝑞
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 ↑, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎 ↑, 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 ↓
𝑊̇ = 𝑚̇ [ℎ2 − ℎ1 ]

𝐵𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑠
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 ↑, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑎 ↑, 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 ↓
𝑆𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟á𝑛 𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑜
𝑊̇ = 𝑚̇ [ℎ2 − ℎ1 ]
𝑊̇ = 𝑚̇ [𝑢2 − 𝑢1 + 𝑣(𝑃2 − 𝑃1 )] → 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑗𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑠
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑊 = 0, 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 ↓
𝐸𝑠 𝐼𝑠𝑜𝑒𝑛𝑡á𝑙𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜 ℎ𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎 = ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎

𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑊 = 0
𝐿𝑜𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑧𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑛
𝑚̇𝐴 [ℎ𝐴,𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 − ℎ𝐴,𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎 ] = 𝑚̇𝐵 [ℎ𝐵,𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎 − ℎ𝐵,𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 ]
𝑆𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑦 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜

𝐶𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑧𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠:
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
𝑚̇𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 + 𝑚̇𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎 = 𝑚̇𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎
𝑚̇𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎1 ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎1 + 𝑚̇𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎2 ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑎2 = 𝑚̇𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎 ℎ𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 0, 𝐸𝑃 = 0, 𝑄 = 0 (𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏á𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜), 𝑊 = 0

𝐿𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑟á𝑛 𝑎𝑠í 𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑎

𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑎 𝑙𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜 𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑑