MEDIDAS DE POSICIÓN

Clasificación:
➢ Cuartiles: Q1, Q2 y Q3
➢ Deciles: D1, D2, D3, D4, D5……… D9
➢ Percentiles: P1, P2, P3……….. P99

FORMULAS PARA DATOS NO AGRUPADOS

𝑘(𝑛+1)
n es impar 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4

Cuartiles
𝑘𝑛
n es par 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4

𝑘𝑛
Deciles sea par o impar 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
10

𝑘𝑛
Percentiles sea par o impar 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
100
 FORMULAS PARA DATOS AGRUPADOS
Se aplica la formula de posición
𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4
𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
10
𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
100

Si da uno de los valores de la frecuencia acumulada, se copia directamente el

límite superior del intervalo; caso contrario se aplica la siguiente formula.

𝐾𝑛
−(𝐹𝑖−1)
4
Cuartiles 𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝑖 + 𝐴 [ ]
𝐹𝑖−(𝐹𝑖−1)

𝐾𝑛
−(𝐹𝑖−1)
10
Deciles 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝑖 + 𝐴 [ ]
𝐹𝑖−(𝐹𝑖−1)

𝐾𝑛
−(𝐹𝑖−1)
100
Percentiles 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝑖 + 𝐴 [ ]
𝐹𝑖−(𝐹𝑖−1)
120 160 170
100 100 110
150 120 100
170 180 140
130 100 150

n es impar
VALOR f F
100 4 4
110 1 5
120 2 7
130 1 8
140 1 9
150 4 13
160 1 14
170 2 16
180 1 17
17
Cuartiles
𝑘(𝑛+1)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4

𝑄1 =?
𝑄2 =?
𝑄3 =?
K=Número del cuartil
1(17+1)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄1 = = 4.5
4

𝑄1 = 105
2(17+1)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄2 = =9
4
𝑄2 = 140
3(17+1)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄3 = = 13.5
4

𝑄3 = 155

𝐷3 =?
𝐷6 =?
𝐷8 =?

𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
10

3(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷3 = = 5.1 ≈ 5
10
D3 =110

6(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷6 = = 10.2 = 10
10
D6 = 150

8(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷8 = = 13.6 = 14
10
D8 = 160

P4 = ?
P15 = ?
P53 = ?
P78 = ?
 𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
100

4(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃4 = = 0.68 = 1
100

P4 = 100

15(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃15 = = 2.55 = 3
100
P15 = 100
53(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃53 = = 9.01 = 9
100

P53 = 140

78(17)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃78 = = 13.26 = 13
100

P78 = 150

100
100
100
100 105
110
120
120
130
140 140
150
150
150
150 155
160
170
170
180
 n es par
VALOR f F
100 4 4
110 1 5
120 2 7
130 1 8
140 1 9
150 2 11
160 1 12
170 2 14
180 2 16
16

𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4

1(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄1 = =4
4

𝑄1 = 105

2(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄2 = =8
4

𝑄2 = 135
3(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄3 = = 12
4

𝑄3 = 165

𝐷3 =?
𝐷6 =?
𝐷8 =?

𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
10
 3(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷3 = = 4.8 ≈ 5
10
D3 =110

6(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷6 = =9, 6 = 10
10
D6 = 150

8(16)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷8 = = 12.8 = 13
10
D8 = 170

100
100
100
100
110
120
120
130
140
150
150
160
170
170
180
180

DATOS AGRUPADOS

VALOR f F
100 4 4
110 1 5
120 2 7
 130 1 8
140 1 9
150 2 11
160 1 12
170 2 14
180 1 15
15

K= 6
R = 80 L = 13.33 = 13

No. Intervalo Xm f F
1 100-113 106.5 5 5
2 113-126 119.5 2 7
3 126-139 132.5 1 8
4 139-152 145.5 3 11
5 152-165 158.5 1 12
6 165-178 171.5 2 14
7 178-192 184.5 1 15
15

Cuartiles:
Q1 = ?
Q2 = ?
Q3 = ?

𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
4
 1(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄1 = = 3.75 = 4
4
𝐾𝑛
−(𝐹𝑖−1)
4
𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝑖 + 𝐴 [ ]
𝐹𝑖−(𝐹𝑖−1)

Amplitud = Longitud del intervalo

3.75−0
𝑄1 = 100 + 13 [ ]
5−0

100+13(3.75/5)
Q1 =109.75
2(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄2 = = 7.5 = 8
4
7.5−7
𝑄2 = 126 + 13 [ ]
8−7

126+13((7.5-7)/(8-7))
Q2 = 132.50
3(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑄3 = =11.25 = 11
4
11.25−8
𝑄3 = 139 + 13 [ ]
11− 8

139+13((11.25-8)/(11-8))
Q3 = 153.08

D2 = ?
D7 = ?
D9 = ?
𝑘𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 =
10
2(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷2 = =3
10
 3−0
𝐷2 = 100 + 13 [ ]
5−0

100+13(3/5)
D2 = 107.8
7(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷7 = = 10.5 = 11
10
10.5−8
𝐷7 = 139 + 13 [ ]
11−8

139+13((10.5-8)/(11-8))
D7 = 149.83
9(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷9 = = 13,5 = 14
10
13.5−12
𝐷9 = 165 + 13 [ ]
14−12

165+13((13.5-12)/(14/12))
D9 = 174.75

P14 = ?
P27 = ?
P47 = ?
P79 = ?
14(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃14 = = 2.10 = 2
100
2.10−0
𝑃14 = 100 + 13 [ ]
5−0

100+13((2.10/5))
P14 = 105.46

27(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃27 = = 4.05 = 4
100
 4.05−0
𝑃27 = 100 + 13 [ ]
5−0

100+13(4.05/5)
P27 = 110.53

47(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃47 = = 7.05 = 7
100
7.05−5
𝑃47 = 113 + 13 [ ]
7−5

113+13((7.05-5)/(7-5))
P47 = 126.33

79(15)
𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑃79 = = 11.85 =12
100
11.85−11
𝑃79 = 152 + 13 [ ]
12−11

152+13((11.85-11)/(12-11))
P79 = 163.05