Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Guia Ingles V 2015 o
Guia Ingles V 2015 o
INGLÉS V
C o le g io s d e E s tu d io s
Científicos y Tecnológicos
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CRÉDITOS
Araujo Becerra María Azalea Plantel III
Castillo Rodríguez Yadira Plantel I
Castro Ayala Erasto Plantel IV
Cortez Magaña Vivaldo Plantel V
Galván Corpus Jorge Plantel II
García Torres Jesús Plantel II
Hernández Gamboa Javier Plantel IV
Ibarra Ruíz Sonia Plantel I
Martínez Hernández Reyno Plantel VII
Martínez Reyes José Inés Plantel VIII
Reyes Macías José Guadalupe Plantel III
Rodríguez Ángeles Isabel Carmen Plantel I
Saldaña Medrano Claudia Plantel II
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UNIDAD I Textos descriptivos
Textos informativos
STUDENT IDENTIFICATION
Name _________________________________________________________
First name last name
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PRESENTACIÓN
“Por ello, las nuevas versiones de los programas destacan los aprendizajes que permitan a
los jóvenes articular conceptos, procedimientos y actitudes que favorezcan el desarrollo de
sus capacidades, tanto para continuar en la educación superior y transitarla con éxito, como
para incorporarse al trabajo con una formación que les permita ejercer plenamente su
ciudadanía, tomar decisiones de manera responsable y mejorar su calificación profesional” .
“Actualmente el idioma inglés es el que se prefiere en la ciencia en general, y más del 80%
de la información en Internet la encontramos en inglés. El aprendizaje de este idioma debe
contribuir al desarrollo intelectual del alumno, esto es, al conocer una lengua extranjera se le
proporciona al individuo ventajas y herramientas para un eficiente desenvolvimiento personal,
profesional y académico. Se espera que gradualmente se vaya despertando en el alumno el
interés por aprender el idioma, al desarrollar diversas habilidades en cada asignatura, y
mediante este proceso se pueda llegar al objetivo de que el estudiante comprenda y se
comunique en un inglés básico” 1
1
Programa de Estudios de Inglés, Bachillerato Tecnológico RIEMS, Págs. 1,4 México, COSDAC, 2009
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Para lograr lo anterior, esta guía se conforma de tres unidades, descritas a continuación:
Esperando que este material de apoyo sea de gran utilidad en tu proceso de aprendizaje y
despierte tu interés por conocer y aprender más, te deseamos el mayor de los éxitos.
MAPA CURRICULAR
COMPONENTE DE CAMPO DE
FORMACIÓN: CONOCIMIENTO:
Propedéutica Comunicación
ASIGNATURA ASIGNATURA
ANTECEDENTE: CONSECUENTE:
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ESTRUCTURA GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA DE INGLÉS
ANTECEDENTE:
Inglés IV
Inglés V
Conceptos
subsidiarios
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COMPETENCIA DE LA ASIGNATURA
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COMPETENCIAS GENÉRICAS
Se autodetermina y cuida de sí
1. Se conoce y valora a sí mismo y aborda problemas y retos teniendo en cuenta los
objetivos que persigue.
2. Es sensible al arte y participa en la apreciación e interpretación de sus expresiones en
distintos géneros.
3. Elige y practica estilos de vida saludables.
Se expresa y comunica
4. Escucha, interpreta y emite mensajes pertinentes en distintos contextos mediante la
utilización de medios, códigos y herramientas apropiadas.
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COMPETENCIAS PROPUESTAS PARA DESARROLLAR EN EL ESTUDIANTE EN LA
ASIGNATURA DE INGLÉS V, BASADAS EN EL CANADIAN LANGUAGE BENCHMARK 2
SPEAKING V READING V
El estudiante es competente al: El estudiante es competente al:
-Incorporarse a una conversación con tópicos -Leer textos que contengan de tres a cinco párrafos
familiares de extensión
-Comenzar a utilizar oraciones largas, aunque dude o -Entender las ideas principales, algunos detalles e
haga pausas algunas veces inferir el significado de un texto
-Usar un vocabulario amplio común, además de -Leer textos en cualquier campo del saber humano
algunos modismos -Seguir instrucciones de siete a diez pasos, aun
-Sostener conversaciones simples en el teléfono, pero cuando no posea apoyo de imágenes
aún encontrando dificultades -Entender hechos y hacer algunas inferencias en
-Utilizar lenguaje formal y casual textos comunes y especializados
-Solicitar que le clarifiquen la idea o instrucción cuando -Localizar detalles específicos en extensos
no la entienda. directorios, tablas de contenidos, índices y glosarios
-Entender la conexión entre párrafos y poder
predecir lo que sigue.
LISTENING V WRITTING V
El estudiante es competente al: El estudiantes es competente al:
-Escribir un párrafo siguiendo una idea o una
-Entender conversaciones, si la gente habla lentamente opinión, dando detalles
-Puede seguir discursos simples, repetitivos y -Escribir una carta breve. Una nota o e-mail, usando
predecibles el lenguaje apropiado
-Entender muchas palabras en una conversación -Llenar un formulario simple que contenga de 20 a
informal, a una velocidad normal, en audio grabadora o 30 conceptos
radio, y seguir la idea principal, si le es relevante -Tomar un mensaje telefónico que contenga de
-Entender un rango amplio de vocabulario común, cinco a seis detalles
incluso modismos -Escribir un párrafo con base en una idea principal
-Solicitar que le repitan algunas ideas, especialmente soportada con detalles
cuando le hablan con rapidez -Elaborar enunciados con buen control de
-Identificar la situación, el estado emocional y la estructuras simples, escritura, puntuación y
relación entre personas que hablan vocabulario
- Entender un mensaje telefónico predecible y simple -Escribir un párrafo, describiendo un evento o un
-Obtener un significado inferido desde anuncios, incidente
ofertas y sugerencias -Seleccionar el leguaje y contenidos apropiados, de
acuerdo con la ocasión
2
Pawlikowska-Smith, Grazyna. Canadian Language Benchmarks 2000, English as a Second Language for Adults. Centre for Canadian Language
Benchmarks. Pages194. www.language.ca
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Esta Guía de Inglés V es la última de una serie de 5, que han sido elaboradas por el
colegiado de la Academia Estatal de Inglés de los CECYTESLP (Colegio de Estudios
Científicos y Tecnológicos del Estado de San Luis Potosí) con la autorización de la Dirección
General del Colegio
Esta Guía de Aprendizaje de inglés V, contiene actividades y ejercicios que son de utilidad
para potenciar las habilidades Reading, Listening, Writing y Speaking; ya que existe
vinculación entre las actividades que se presentan.
La estructura de esta guía tiene la finalidad de que exista un auto-aprendizaje, pues con
buena actitud y dinamismo se puede avanzar de manera rápida.
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RECOMENDACIONES PARA EL ALUMNO
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Nombre: Al término de la unidad el alumno conocerá y
aplicará las Estrategias de Comprensión Lectora, las
cuales le dan pauta para comprender el contenido de
1
textos en inglés con diversa finalidad
1. Estrategias de Lectura
3. What is Mechatronics?
4. Digestive system
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HABILIDADES Y DESTREZAS
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Nombre Taxonomía de Estrategias de Lectura No. 1
Las Estrategias para la Comprensión de lectura son una herramienta para todo el que desea
obtener información de manera rápida y confiable al consultar textos en otro idioma, no
solamente inglés; el siguiente documento indica de manera sencilla qué hacer cuando se
tiene interés por conocer el contenido de textos diversos.
El lector:
a) Se hace consciente del tipo de texto que intenta comprender, un fragmento o todo.
b) Hacemos referencia a las ilustraciones, diagramas, títulos o tipografía especial del texto.
c) El selecciona el propósito y el tipo de letra.
El lector:
3
Clasificación
4
Filósofo Norteamericano que hizo una notable contribución a nuestra comprensión de la teoría y la práctica del
aprendizaje.
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III. Establecimientos de lazos léxicos
El lector:
El lector:
a) Relee el texto para una mayor comprensión del texto y aclara dudas.
b) Hace paráfrasis del texto para mayor comprensión.
c) Realiza la traducción de una palabra o una frase a L1.
d) Usa el contexto para interpretar una palabra o frase.
e) Percibe la estructura superficial del texto.
f) Encuentra y reconoce los conectores.
El lector:
En estas estrategias se exponen algunos modelos básicos del proceso de lectura en L1 y L25. Hay
numerosos modelos de este proceso; los cuales son primordialmente interactivos y de esquema.
5
L1 Lengua Materna y L2 Lengua Adicional (inglés, alemán, francés, etc.)
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Identificación de las estrategias de lectura.
Las estrategias de lectura y los propósitos del lector están estrechamente relacionados. Su
identificación es capital, pues su eficaz aplicación permite al lector ser más eficiente.
Las estrategias de lectura y los propósitos del lector, están estrechamente relacionados, su
identificación es muy importante porque su aplicación permite al lector ser más eficiente.
TIPOS DE LECTURA
Mirada superficial. Cuando se hojea una publicación con el fin de determinar si nos interesa o no.
Esta incluye toda la información gráfica y tipográfica- tipo y tamaño de letra, dibujos, fotos o
diagramas, etc. (surveing).
Lectura global. Para obtener una idea general; consiste en un recorrido rápido del texto a fin de
formar una idea de cómo está organizado (la primera plana del periódico, por ejemplo) (skimming).
Lectura rápida o de exploración. Para encontrar información específica; solo una idea, un hecho,
un detalle específico, una pista para después continuar en velocidad normal. Es encontrar cierta
información entre varios elementos (fechas, datos bibliográficos, etc.) (scanning).
Lectura detallada. Que se realiza normalmente con propósito de estudio (search reading).
Inferencia. Cuando se trata de deducir, de sacar una conclusión, de pasar de una hipótesis a otra,
(inference)
Referencia. Consiste en la capacidad de relacionar una palabra con otra, un párrafo con otro
descubriendo así la red de significación de un texto. (reference)
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APLICACIÓN DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE LECTURA
I.- Predicción
Apoyo Visual: Distribución del texto, forma en que está presentada la información: títulos,
subtítulos, división en párrafos, en un solo bloque, etc., reconocimiento tipográfico, todos los
elementos gráficos que conforman un texto, tipo y tamaño de letra, dibujos, fotos, etc.
De contenido a partir de: título o subtítulo, la primera línea del texto, una lectura global del
texto, para obtener una idea general. (skimming)
Propósito del lector: el tipo de lectura está en función de las necesidades del lector.
Función del texto: determinar el valor comunicativo de un texto sin lo cual no es posible su
comprensión cabal. El lector debe determinar si este texto proporciona: información,
instrucción, sugerencia, etc.
Diferenciar entre hecho (objetivo) y opinión (subjetivo): discriminar entre los hechos y las
opiniones.
Uso de referentes, tales como pronombres que se refieren a algo ya mencionado o que se
va a mencionar.
Uso de conectores, son palabras que establecen relaciones entre las oraciones
(enunciados) y párrafos que forman el texto.
6
Palabras que tienen igual escritura y significado a las palabras en español, los falsos cognados difieren en el significado.
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Extracción de información específica (scanning), localizar en qué párrafo se encuentra la
información y leerlo con más atención.
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Text 1
British mechanic Neil Walkingshaw was looking for a way to care for his newborn child when
he approached his boss with a proposal in early 2000. Reluctant to hire a babysitter once his
wife’s maternity leave ended and she returned to work, Walkingshaw asked if he could switch
to part-time hours in order to spend half of each day at home looking after his son. His
employer refused, saying the paperwork would be “too messy” and that it would be difficult to
get anyone to share Walkingshaw’s job. Knowing that the company he worked for had
granted similar requests to female employees, Walkingshaw sued on the grounds of sex
discrimination. On November 20, 2001, an industrial tribunal ruled that Walkingshaw had
been discriminated against and awarded him 3600 pounds. The ruling is believed to be the
first of its kind, and demonstrates just how much views on parental roles have changed over
the years.
Studies have also found that the presence of the father in the home can contribute to lower
juvenile crime rates, a decrease in child poverty, and lower rates of teenage pregnancy.
Differences in parenting styles between men and women are also believed to contribute to
children’s ability to understand and communicate emotions in different ways. The research
supports claims by some groups that the absence of a father in the family is the single biggest
social problem in modern society.
In recent years, organizations like the U.S. –based National Fatherhood Initiative have begun
to argue that the presence of the father is vital to a child’s development. These organizations
aim to encourage fathers to take a more active role in their children’s lives. The movement
also calls for the creation of a new image of fatherhood, one that goes beyond the traditional
view of the father solely as provider, and also includes the equally crucial roles of nurtures,
moral example, disciplinarian and teacher.
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Exercise 1:
Read the text using Skimming. After that, work with a classmate to solve exercise 2
Exercise 2:
Use Scanning to answer the following questions:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
c) What do some studies found about the presence of the father at home?
____________________________________________________________
d) Are important the styles between fathers and mothers for children?
____________________________________________________________
e) If you were now a father or a mother what roll do you act with your children?
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Exercise 3:
Underline with red color the cognates you find in the text above, and write them in the
space below:
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Text 2
Use only rigid or flexible metal 10 cm (4”) diameter ductwork for exhausting to the
outdoors. Never use plastic or other combustible ductwork.
This appliance must be properly grounded and installed as described in these
instructions
Do not install or store appliance in an area where it will be exposed to water/ weather
For installation in garages, refer to local codes
Instruction
Step 1
Remove and save literature from dryer drum.
Step 2
Tilt the dryer and remove the foam shipping pads by pulling at slides breaking away from
dryer legs. Be sure to remove all foam pieces around legs
Step 3
Move dryer to desired operating location
Step 4
Adjust all four leveling legs to match washer height. Dryer must be level and rest firmly on all
four leveling legs
Step 5
Adjust the two stabilizing legs to contact the floor
Step 6
Connect gas supply (see GAS CONNECTION INFORMATION section of this instruction)
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Step 7
Connect to power supply. (See ELECTRICAL CONNECTION INFORMATION section of this
instruction)
Step 8
Connect external exhaust (See EXHAUST INFORMATION section in this instruction)
Check for proper operation (power supply and venting)
Step 9
Place Owner’s Manual and Installation Instructions where they will be accessible to the user
Exercise 1:
Choose one of the three options for the title of the text, then underline it.
Exercise 2:
Search the meaning of the words in the square according the context of the reading in
your dictionary
English Spanish
Governing
Customer
Qualifier installer
Store appliance
Shipping pads
Away from
Shock hazard
Power supply and venting
Exposed to water
Exercise 3:
Write the communication situation in the text, answer the questions:
What? __________________________________________________
Who? ___________________________________________________
Where? _________________________________________________
When? __________________________________________________
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Text 3
What is Mechatronics?
It is a Japanese word which combines the words: mechanics and electronics. The
mechatronics consists of the following four areas:
Sensors Area(s):
The existence of an object, the latest speed detection and visual sensors using cameras are
widely used in several areas. Taking a CNC machine tool as an example, can be cited, a
proximity switch, magnetic scale rotary machine (rotary).
Area of actuators:
When an object moves, actuator must be determined to consider the speed, accuracy and
stability required at the time. Therefore, requires knowledge of the correct actuator. As a
typical actuator various types of electric motors, are cited for example, DC servo motor, servo
AC motor and so on. In the actual plant or machinery, air cylinders and / or water are widely
used
Machine area:
In a production plant, the machine itself is a machine tool or general purpose machine tools.
Since the machine itself is regarded in other words as the mechanism of the interface or
mechanical interface.
Exercise 1:
Read the text to a partner and underline with red color at least 10 unknown words, find
the meaning in Spanish and write them on your notebook.
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Exercise 2:
Search the verbs in the text and write present, past and past participle tenses of each
one, as in the example:
Exercise 3:
Underline the correct answer: What does this text indicate?
Exercise 4:
Make a diagram with the information of the text below:
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Nombre Textos informativos y descriptivos No. 1
Informative texts
They are those texts which reveal the most important events that occur in the different fields
of science and technology, arts, sports, etc.
You can find this type of texts in newspapers and magazines; informative texts allow us to
know important events what happened? who? how? when? where? and why?
Descriptive texts
They are those in which descriptions are used to make the message be understood better.
There are three types of description:
1. Physics: It occurs by means of an illustration with the names of each of the parts that
comprise the described object.
2. Process: Provides the sequence or the phase in which a process or phenomenon occurs,
in some occasions is represented by a diagram and using arrow keys.
3. Function: In this type of description is detailed the function or activity carried out by
different parts of the subject matter; usually includes a process or physical description.
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Nombre Informando y describiendo acciones
Text 1
1
2
Digestive system 3
4
The digestive tract is a long tube, with important glands
5
embedded, that transform the complex food molecules into
simple and easily usable substances by the body.
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liter bag and a half capacity, whose secret powerful gastric mucosa, in the stomach; the food
is stirred into a porridge called chyme.
At the exit of the stomach, the digestive tract extends with the small intestine, about seven
meters long, but retreated on him. In its first portion or duodenum it receives intestinal glands
secretions, bile and pancreatic juices. All these secretions contain a large amount of enzymes
that degrade foods and it transforms them into simple soluble substances.
The digestive tract continues along the large intestine, something more than meter and half in
length. Its final portion is the rectum, which ends in the year where evacuate to the outside of
the indigestible remains of food.
Anatomical description
The digestive tube is formed by: mouth, esophagus, stomach and a small intestine that
consists of duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The large intestine is composed of: cecum and
appendix, colon and rectum.
(With your biliary vesicle) liver and pancreas are part of the digestive system, though not in
the digestive tract.
1. Right nostril 2. Oral cavity 3. Pharynx 4. Esophagus 5. Trachea
6. Diaphragm 7. Spleen 8. Stomach 9. Transverse colon 10.Thin bowel (jejunum)
11. Descending colon 12.Liver 13. Gallbladder 14.Pancreas 15.Duodenum
16. Ascending colon 17.Blind 18. Thin bowel (ileum) 19. Appendix 20.Pelvic colon 21. Rectum
Exercise 1:
Underline the definite articles and circle the undefinite articles of the text.
Exercise 2:
Complete the following information according text 2, writing on the line the correct
number.
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Exercise 3:
Read the text using scanning and then describe the path of the food in the digestive
system and write their names on the line
Example: 1. mouth
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
5. ___________________________
6. ___________________________
7. ___________________________
8. ___________________________
Exercise 4:
Write the correct form of the verb to be in simple present
Text 2
2. The mass is returned to the mixer, where the rest of flour and water are added, along with
the fat, margarine, sugar, milk, salt, and/or eggs. The ingredients should be mixed and
scattered evenly in the dough to form gluten (elastic protein product, which is when the starch
has been separated from the mass per wash).
3. Then the mass is divided and rounded, and it is immediately tested. Mass parts pass
through the styler, containing a series of rollers which will remove any excess gas and air to
ground. The dough pieces are formed in a cylindrical mold or bar (bread) and placed in
containers.
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4 Containers are placed in a test temperature and humidity controlled cabin, and are dropped
off by an hour. The containers are brought to an oven so that the dough is baked. This is the
most important part of the production process.
The oven temperature will transform the mass in a light, pleasant and appetizing product.
5. When the bread is removed from the oven, it should be cooled before that they are cut and
packaged.
6. Then, the loaves of bread will be packaged in automatically and taken to a warehouse
where he is kept in shelves to immediately respond to the demands of the market.
Exercise 1:
Read the text to a partner using skimming and answer the next questions
2. With what another name is called the period of fermentation in this case?
_________________________________________________________
5. Write processes that are carried out for the elaboration of bread:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Exercise 2:
Underline prepositions that you find in the text.
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Exercise 3:
Write on the lines the adverbs and their meaning you find in the text
____________________________ ____________________________
____________________________ ____________________________
____________________________ ____________________________
Exercise 4:
Read again the text 3 and then make a diagram with the information. Listen to your
teacher indications.
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Text 3
Look at the title of the reading. Which of the following words do you think
will be in the reading? Why?
Write in Spanish the meaning of each word
competition money organization
According to legend, the ancient Olympic Games were founded by Heracles (the Roman
Hercules), a son of Zeus. Yet the first Olympic Games for which we still have written records
were held in 776 BCE (though it is generally believed that the Games had been going on for
many years already). At this Olympic Games, a naked runner, Coroebus (a cook from Elis),
won the sole event at the Olympics, the stage - a run of approximately 192 meters (210
yards). This made Coroebus the very first Olympic champion in history.
The ancient Olympic Games grew and continued to be played every four years for nearly
1200 years. In 393 CE, the Roman emperor Theodosius I, a Christian, abolished the Games
because of their pagan influences.
Approximately 1500 years later, a young Frenchmen named Pierre de Coubertin began their
revival. Coubertin is now known as le Rénovateur. Coubertin was a French aristocrat born on
January 1, 1863. He was only seven years old when France was overrun by the Germans
during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. Some believe that Coubertin attributed the defeat of
France not to its military skills but rather to the French soldiers' lack of vigor.* After examining
the education of the German, British, and American children, Coubertin decided that it was
exercise, more specifically sports, that made a well-rounded and vigorous person.
Coubertin's attempt to get France interested in sports was not met with enthusiasm. Still,
Coubertin persisted. In 1890, he organized and founded a sports organization, Union des
Sociétés Francaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA). Two years later, Coubertin first pitched
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his idea to revive the Olympic Games. At a meeting of the Union des Sports Athlétiques in
Paris on November 25, 1892, Coubertin stated.
Let us export our oarsmen, our runners, our fencers into other lands. That is the true Free
Trade of the future; and the day it is introduced into Europe the cause of Peace will have
received a new and strong ally. It inspires me to touch upon another step I now propose and
in it I shall ask that the help you have given me hitherto you will extend again, so that together
we may attempt to realize [sic], upon a basis suitable to the conditions of our modern life, the
splendid and beneficent task of reviving the Olympic Games.**
His speech did not inspire action. Though Coubertin was not the first to propose the revival of
the Olympic Games, he was certainly the most well-connected and persistent of those to do
so. Two years later, Coubertin organized a meeting with 79 delegates who represented nine
countries. He gathered these delegates in an auditorium that was decorated by neoclassical
murals and similar additional points of ambiance. At this meeting, Coubertin eloquently spoke
of the revival of the Olympic Games. This time, Coubertin aroused interest.
The delegates at the conference voted unanimously for the Olympic Games. The delegates
also decided to have Coubertin construct an international committee to organize the Games.
This committee became the International Olympic Committee (IOC; Comité Internationale
Olympique) and Demetrious Vikelas from Greece was selected to be its first president.
Athens was chosen as the location for the revival of the Olympic Games and the planning
was begun.
* Allen Guttmann, The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992) 8.
** Pierre de Coubertin as quoted in "Olympic Games," Britannica.com (Retrieved August 10, 2000 from the World Wide Web.
http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/2/0,5716,115022+1+108519,00.html).
Exercise 1:
Read the following statements and check False ( F ) or True ( T ) according with the
lecture, if you think to the sentence is false, correct the sentence to make it true.
T F
1. Olympics Games were founded by Zeus
2. In 393 CE, the Roman emperor Theodosius I, a Christian,
abolished the Games because of their pagan influences
3. Athens was chosen as the location for the revival of the Olympic
Games and the planning was begun
4. Coubertin was the first to propose the revival of the Olympic
Games
5 The ancient Olympic Games grew and continued to be played
every four years for nearly 1200 years
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Exercise 2:
Look at the list of words and match with a definition on the right.
Exercise 3:
Look the followings pictures, investigate on the net about this topic Olympics Games
in each year and work in teams writing a small paragraph
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SONG 1
COLOR OF SUCCESS
Play to win
That is the color, the color of _______
I play to win; oh, I
Play to win
There is no other
Color of __________
I play to win; oh, I
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UNIDAD II
Textos Narrativos
Textos Instructivos
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Nombre: El estudiante es capaz de expresar y aplicar
los conocimientos que le permitan comprender, interpretar
y utilizar textos narrativos e instructivos en tiempo pasado.
2
2. Simple past
3. Use to/used to
4. Quantifiers
6. Some/ any
8. Past progressive
9. Cognates
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1. A part of my life
2. Change of life
3. The food
4. My childhood
5. The nutrition
6. Song:
HABILIDADES Y DESTREZAS
RESULTADO DE
A lo largo de la unidad se podrá expresar en inglés, leerá,
APRENDIZAJE comprenderá y seguirá instrucciones con respecto a textos.
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Nombre Textos narrativos e instructivos No. 1
Instrucciones Comprender y usar correctamente las diferentes formas del
para el Alumno Pasado en textos narrativos e instructivos en inglés
Uso y
Manera
aplicación Trabajo Individual
Conocimientos Didáctica de
correcta del Trabajo en binas
a adquirir Lograrlos
tiempo pasado Trabajo en equipo
en textos
Narrative texts
They are related facts that can be developed in one place along a given space and time. This
story includes the participation of various characters, which may be real or imaginary, in that
narration need not be factual and maybe written from the perspective of a character in the
text. The style of a narrative is a choice made by the author based in part on text's genre,
purpose and structure
The purpose of narrative text is generally to entertain, inform or express ideas. Its sub-types
include fables, memoirs and adventure stories. Narrative text most often has a five-part
structure.
Stylistically, narratives can be described in many ways, including comic, tragic, sentimental,
reflective and ironic. Examples include news stories, novels, stories, history books,
biographies, memoirs, etc.
Instructional texts
The instructional text is one that provides a clear sequence of instructions that are intended to
develop an activity to reach a goal or accomplish a goal. The language should be precise and
concrete. Indicate instructions, operations or procedures recommended steps composed to
be met to achieve a result.
They require a special format. Development of procedures consisting of detailed steps that
must be met to achieve a result. Graphic marks are used as numbers, asterisks or dashes to
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differentiate the series or sequence of steps.
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Text 1
A PART OF MY LIFE
Hello. Today is Monday and the weather is nice but yesterday it was very cold.
My name is Jesus, I was born in San Luis Potosi, I am Mexican, but now I live in California
State, I am 17 years old. When I was much younger I was really naughty and I wasn’t very
friendly, I am the youngest of the family and I was very spoiled. I lived in Mexico and when I
was 7 years old, my father decided move to USA. I have two brothers their names are Mike
and Tomas and one sister, her name is Isabel.
When we were much younger we had a little cat his name was Denver, it was black and very
lovely.
My sister Isabel was a very good student, she is beautiful and intelligent woman, and she is
26 years old. Her favorite actor is Brad Pitt. She was working in a factory but now she doesn’t
work, she is traveling with her friends.
My brothers weren’t good students when they were much younger, but now they are
excellent students and they are studying in the same university, when they were 10 and 12
years old they were very good tennis players. My brother Mike was very shy and Tomas was
very serious. Now they are very funny and very nice.
My father and my mother are very hard workers. They are friends for us. My mother was a
housewife but now she is an excellent nurse and my father was a very grumpy man and he
never was in the house, because he was at the police station all day; however, he now
spends a lot of time with us, he is a good police and he always helps me when I have some
problems.
My house was small and it was red and yellow colors. Now, my house is big and I like it.
Now, I am in high school. I am happy and I like school, Enrique Morales and I are very good
friends, he is my best friend; Yesterday we were at the party for my birthday. Today he is
absent, he is sick because of the cold drinks that he drank.
When I was in the junior high I wasn’t happy. The classes were boring and the teachers
weren’t very friendly. I was a little lazy, but I’m not now. Now I think I’m really hard working
student and I like the school.
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Exercise 1:
In pairs read the story, using skimming, and then answer the questions below.
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Exercise 2:
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Exercise 3:
Now write your own story using the past of verb Be in your notebook.
Exercise 4:
In team find present verbs in English in the square below, and then, complete the
table as in the example:
f e a t q w r t y u i u i e v i l j c o o k h g f d s a a z x c b v
n u q g m k j h g s i t d s s a q w e r t y u i o y u b p ñ m n r b
b d r i n k t y q r e r t y r q a z d f g y t u h e k r s k j l e d
b y a a e y h g q w e q c k i m r g o q w o r e r s o e t m u u a ñ
v t t w w t n u o c d a l y d j j n u q c o o c j t o c b j m n k a
c r r w a q h e k r s z o y e u t b d r s i w i t u i i t u p u j q
c e a e l a a s d f g h s o f m h y d j j i a t h d i t s m d f h j
e w v f b e c o m e s f e s s f t h i n k u e c t y u c u f c u t w
t a e h n u q o d f g h e h e k r s m n b v c x z s d a f g h t i h
i l l o b d r o z x c k c v b n e m y d j j z x c k p r s m d f o g
r s s o z d w i q w a h c u m r r p m p e e l s p o d p y t r p i e
w a d i n x e i q h e r t s j j a d j h j z x c k v c u m u w d i s
x s f i n u q u s x z a i s u t s c u b u i l d c b h p j p a c u t
d a r e b d r b m r g n h j m h e h m h e k r s g j y d u d l h p u
q f g h z w s f g j g i k l f c u b f r e b m e m e r c m c k m d d
e h h g x s a y j t y d j j h g f d z x c k s a z z x c f v b n c y
m y j w f e e n e h t u f o l l o w y h e k r s s d e k a t w t h a
o t k e h c u b t z x c k c u b f r e b m u f h c u h j d f o p r w
c r l w y s m d f f r e b m e o w i n y i g l f u s e f x o d d j w
w e k r s l e e p y d j j i u r s m d f t s y h c u h d h d x c t e
e s m d w s m d f a f d o h c u o u j n u q z x c k b s v s z h h g
a r b f f p u s h e k r s l m n b w x b d r y d j j z x w i s h v h
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Present Past Past participle Spanish Regular Irregular
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Nombre Change of life
Maria Gomez was born in Tabasco. She grew up in a small village. She began school when
she was six years old. She went to elementary school, but she didn’t go to high school. Her
family was very poor, and she had to work when she was thirteen years old. She worked on
an assembly line in a shoe factory.
When Maria was seventeen years old, her family moved to the United States. At first, they
lived in Los Angeles, after two years, they moved to San Francisco. When Maria arrived in the
United Sates, she wasn’t very happy. She missed her friends back in Tabasco, and she didn’t
speak any word of English. She began to study English at night, and she worked in a factory
during the day.
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Maria studied very hard. She learned English, and got a good job as a secretary. Maria still
studies at night, but now she studies advertising at a business school. She wants to work for
advertising company some day and write commercials.
Maria still misses her old friends, but she communicates with them very often by the net.
She’s very happy now, and she’s looking forward to an exciting future.
Exercise1:
Read the text using scanning and then answer the questions.
Exercise 2:
Write a title for the reading and after that, underline the verbs in past to make a list with
them in your notebook.
Exercise 3:
Did you have any change in your life? I’m sure about it; Write how it was, using the
past tense.
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Exercise 4:
Which of the next activities did you do yesterday? Make sentences.
Look at the example: I didn’t watch TV yesterday
Exercise 5:
Francisco is the manager of an important company. Look his diary of yesterday and
write about the things that he did and he didn’t do. Check the example:
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_______________________________________________
Exercise 6:
Answer the next questions about you
Exercise 7:
Complete the sentences in negative and affirmative forms. Look at the example:
Carla usually Studies English, but She didn’t study English yesterday. She studied
mathematics
1.-Paul usually writes to his friends, but he _________ __________ to his friends yesterday.
He _____________ to his cousins.
2.-I usually drive to the park on Saturday, but I _________ ___________ to the park last
Saturday. I _________ to the mall.
3.-We usually arrive late, but We __________ __________ late today. We ________ on
time.
4.-My husband and my son usually take a shower every morning, but they _____ ______ a
shower in the morning today. They ______ a shower in the afternoon.
5.-Margaret usually reads the newspaper in the morning but, she __________ _________
the newspaper yesterday. She _________ a magazine.
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Exercise 8:
Write the verbs in English in present form.
28
ACROSS
14 1.Contestar 8.-Ganar
16 2.-Construir 9.-Leer
17 1 3.-Perder 10.-Parar
5 18 4.-Mostrar 11.-Lavar
2 5.-Conocer (gente) 12.-Barrer
19 20 23 6.-Recordar 13.-Gozar
4 3 7 7.-Prestar 14.-Colocar
15
21
6 24 DOWN
* 11 15.-Empezar 22.-Bailar
27 22 26 25 16.-Escribir 23.-Hacer
8 9 12 17.-Extrañar 24.-Robar
18.-Entregar 25.-Señalar
10 19.-Despertar 26.-Estudiar
20.-Vivir 27.-Esperar(lugar)
13 21.-Cabalgar 28.-Dar
Exercise 9:
Write the verbs in English in past form
9
17
2 6 1 8 10 16 17
8
15
3 9
1
4 * 16
2 * 15 20
11
10 7 13 14
3 12 13 19
5 12 22
4 18
11 14
21
7
5 20
21
6 19
18
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COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT: Expresses ideas and concepts in
compositions in a structured, creative and coherent way.
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D.- Listen again and make notes on each stage of the process. Use the sequencing
words below
E.- Write a description of the process of making sneakers. Make sure you use Simple
Present Passive. Use the verbs in the box to help you. Check their meaning, using a
dictionary if necessary.
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SONG 2
LOVE ADDICTION
Let me tell you about ____, she´s all right Don’t´let her turn you out
I used to love her You know what that girl´s ________
Everybody said leave her _______ Don´t let her lead you on
Breaking´s so hard Keep you _________ on and on
Well it´s a strange thing to go _________
I´m kind of hooked on the way she turns
me on
Chorus:
Repeat Chorus
Repeat Chorus
Repeat chorus
Repeat Chorus
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UNIDAD III
Textos Científicos
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Nombre: El estudiante habrá aplicado las estrategias
convenientes, utilizado la gramática e identificado el
significado de palabras para demostrar sus saberes acerca
3
de la comprensión de lectura de textos científicos
1. - Future Will
2. - Future be going to
3. - Tag questions
4. - First Conditional
5. - Present Perfect
6. - Second Conditional
7. - Past Perfect
8. - Third Conditional
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1. - Presenting the Future!!!
4. - Caves
5. - A news article
7. - Rita’s replay
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HABILIDADES Y DESTREZAS
RESULTADO DE
Mejor comprensión de textos, habilidad necesaria para su
APRENDIZAJE desempeño en el nivel superior.
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Nombre Textos Científicos No. 1
Identificar textos
Lectura individual en voz
científicos, aplicar
alta, Trabajo individual de
adecuadamente las Manera
Conocimientos estrategias de investigación, inferir,
Didáctica de
a adquirir trabajo en clase individual,
skimming, scanning, Lograrlos
en pareja y colaborativo en
inferencias,
equipo
homónimos.
Scientific texts
Scientific texts (papers): they are those occurring in the context of the scientific community,
with intent to display or demonstrate the progress made by research. Genres are typical of
this type of thesis, Bachelor Memory, Article scientist or scientific monograph. They are also
scientific texts, although oral transmission; the Conference, Paper or Communication.
It is a text with clear and precise language. It highlights the facts about the views.
Aims at universality through its specific terminology, which allows precise and accurate
translations into other languages with no room for misinterpretation
The scientific papers present statements that may be subject to verifiability, (it means that
they can be checked). Typically they are produced within the framework of a scientific
community to communicate and demonstrate the progress made in research7
7
http://definicion.de/texto-cientifico/ (August 3, 2012)
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Nombre Presenting the future!!!
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Exercise1:
A - Read this article about the future. Follow the instructions of your teacher.
Text 1
PRESENTING THE FUTURE
by Will Hapin
A new millennium has begun as well as a new century, and it’s bringing new
developments in all areas of our lives. Where will we work in this new era? What we
will wear? How will we travel, study and relate to our families? Let’s follow Dr. Nouvella
Eon a typical day in 2115.
Dr. Eon’s day begins at 7:00 am when her bedroom lights turn themselves on. Her son
will weak up, too. She usually works from her home office. But today she is going to
teach. She doesn’t bother to check the weather report her high-tech material of her
clothing will keep her comfortable warm or cool.
“Hi mom her, son greets her over the home communications system. She goes to his
room to say good morning. While she is helping Ricky get ready for his day, the
household robot will prepare breakfast.
When will Dad be home? Ricky wants to know. Mr. Eon is a captain of the Mars
shuttle. “The shuttle leaves Mars at 6:00 pm today and it arrives tomorrow afternoon.
He’ll be here by the time you get home from school tomorrow”
“Don’t forget your backpack” Nouvella tells Ricky as they leave. “You’ll need it to send
me pictures of the zoo.” Ricky’s class is going on a field trip today, and he’ll carry a
backpack with a built-in computer, camera, and cell phone. She won’t worry about his
getting lost. All the children’s jackets have GPDs (Global Positioning Devices), so
she’ll be able to see where he is at any time on her wristwatch computer.
Nouvella is going to drive Ricky to school and then drive to the freeway. There, she’ll
connect with a freeway guidance system, so she won’t actually drive her car most of
the way to the university. Instead, she is going to listen to music and prepare to teach
her class.
Many of these changes have already begun, and we’ll see others very soon. The future
is arriving any minute now. Are you ready for it?
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Exercise 2:
Read the text using Scanning in order to find the answers. Write T (true) or F (false)
1. _____ The robot will prepare breakfast after Nouvella helps Ricky?
2. _____ The Mars shuttle will leave Mars in the evening?
3. _____ Nouvella will drive all the way to the university?
Exercise 3:
Underline in the text all the sentences that contain will or be going to, then write down them
and translate to Spanish. Follow the example.
English Spanish
Where will we work? ¿Dónde trabajaremos ?
Exercise 4:
Answer the following personal questions, on your notebook and then, ask them to
your partner.
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Text 2
Our reporters around the world interviewed people working or studying in foreign
countries. Our questions, like this: How do you like living here? Here is what we
learn from Anton Freeman, and Tessa Wiley.
First interview
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Second interview
Reporter You’re from England, aren’t you?
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Exercise 1:
Translate to the Spanish the first interview
Exercise 2:
Work in teams of 5 members
We are reporters, aren’t we? Write an interview to your team members using tag questions
in order to check, confirm or comment on a situation. Practice it and then, each team has to
talk in front of the group.
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Exercise 1:
Before you read:
Work in pairs: look at the pictures which are in the next page, and say the names of
these plants, talk with your classmate about that.
Then answer the questions below.
Exercise 2:
Look at the title of the reading, mark the words which you think will be in the reading?
What do you think is going to be the topic?
a) Medicine b) people a) birthday e) years d)plants
Exercise 3:
Look the words you underlined in exercise 2, Read carefully the text, to see if your
prediction was correct.
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Text 3
What’s in it for me?
By Murray Young.
Plants have been used for thousands of years to treat, and sometimes to cure, minor and
major illnesses. The rise of “rational” medicine led to a brie decline in herbal remedies In the
early part of this century, but recently they have been rediscovered. Research laboratories
have been set up to investigate he remedial properties of tree bark, flower petals and fungus.
The results have been spectacular.
Substances which have been extracted from plants are now from the basis of some of the
most important pain-killing and even life-saving drugs.
Among the most popular pain-killers, aspirin and codeine both come from flowers- the
meadowsweet and the poppy. People have used Cocaine as a local anesthetic for much
longer that it has been taken by drug addicts, comes from the coca plant. Penicillin, the
universal antibiotic, is a fungus which was discovered by accident when it grew naturally in a
Petri dish in Alexander Fleming´s laboratory and killed the bacteria that were in the dish.
Quinine, Which has prevented and treated malaria for many years, is distilled from the bark of
the yellow chinchona tree.
Whether you suffer from migraine or high blood pressure, you should be grateful to nature or
providing a cure (ergonovine from ergot and reserpine from Indian snakeroot, respectively).
The drug companies are certainly grateful. For instance, vinblastine, which occurs naturally in
the rosy periwinkle of Madagascar, cures most people of two different types of cancer and in
the income from the manufacture and sale of the substance exceeds $180 million per year.
Exercise 4:
Reading comprehension:
Complete the information; try not to look back at the reading for it.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3.-Recently scientists have extracted important substances from… mention three of them.
__________________________________________________________
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4.-How was discovered the universal antibiotic?
5.-The drug companies have been getting a large amount from the manufacture and sale of…
vinblastine.
__________________________________________________________________
Exercise 5:
Read again the text, underline the unknown words, make a list then look in your
dictionary for the right definition, ask your teacher for the herbal names.
1.-_______________________ ______________________________________
2.-_______________________ ______________________________________
3.-_______________________ _______________________________________
4.-_______________________ _______________________________________
5.-_______________________ _______________________________________
6.-_______________________ _______________________________________
7.-_______________________ _______________________________________
Exercise 6:
Follow the next instructions:
Was interesting the reading… Have you heard about the topic?
Write a short paragraph on your notebook, giving your opinion. Use present perfect tense and
present perfect progressive at least one in your writing.
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Text 4
Caves
The majority of the world’s most spectacular caves, including the Cacahuamilpa Caves, are
located in areas of limestone rock. This is because limestone is a soft kind of rock that is
easily eroded by water. Some caves are formed when rainwater is made more acidic as it
passes through dead plants in the soil. The rock is dissolved by the acidic water and solution
caves are formed. Other caves, like Cacahuamilpa Caves, are made by underground rivers.
Caves like these are called erosional Caves.
When an empty space is created in the limestone, stalactites and stalagmites start to form.
Stalactites’ hang from the roof of the Cave and stalagmites grow up from the floor. They are
made by the constant dripping of water that contains calcium carbonate. The calcium
carbonate is deposited in tiny quantities over hundreds of years. Stalactite and stalagmites
only grow about 0.1 mm a year. The longest stalactite in the world is found in Minas Gerais,
in Brazil, and is more than 20 meters long. How long did it take to form?
Exercise 1:
After you read the text to a partner using skimming, use scanning to answer the
questions
1. - Where are located the majority of the world´s most spectacular caves?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 2:
Read the text again using scanning and answer true or false.
Exercise 3:
Rewrite the sentences using passive voice.
Example: Water pollution kills marine life.(active voice)
Marine life is killed by water pollution. ( Passive voice).
_____________________________________________________________
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Text 5
Read Paula’s letter to Rita. Then complete Rita’s reply with if or would plus the phrases in
the box.
Dear Rita,
I’m sorry I haven’t written, but I’ve been worried about a problem we have. Because we live in
the country, my husband’s sister and his family come here every two weeks and act like they
are in a hotel. They never bring any food and they eat and drink everything in the refrigerator.
The children run around the house, making messes and breaking things. Laura my sister in
law makes long distance phone calls and never pays for them. I’ll go crazy unless I can solve
this problem soon! What would you do if you were in my place?
Love
Paula
Rita’s Reply.
Dear Mary.
Love
Mary.
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Text 6
What would have happened if you had never been born? Peter Stalleto learns the answer in
Frank Capra´s great movie classic, It´s a wonderful life.
When the movie opens, Peter is standing on bridge thinking about suicide. Throughout his
life, he has sacrificed his dreams in order to help other people. He could have gone to college
if the family business hadn´t needed him. He would have traveled around the world instead of
remaining in his hometown of Bedford Falls. Now faced a failed business and a possible jail
sentence, Peter decides to end his life by jumping into the river. Enter Gabriel, an angel sent
to help him. Gabriel jumps into the water first, certain that, as always, Peter put aside his own
problems in order to rescue someone else.
Safely back on land. Peter wishes he had never been born. “I suppose it would have been
better if I had never been born at all.” He tells Gabriel.”You got your wish: you never been
born” responds his guardian angel.
Gabriel then teaches Peter a hard lesson. In a series of painful episodes, he shows him what
life would have been like in Bedford Falls without Peter Stalleto. Peter goes back to the site of
his mother´s home. He finds, instead, an old, depressing boardinghouse. If Peter had not
supported his mother, she would have become a miserable, overworked boardinghouse
owner. Peter´s own home is a ruin, and his wife Meredith, is living a sad and lonely life. Each
scene is more disturbing than the last, until finally we end in a graveyard. We see the grave
of Peter´s little brother, Joe. If Peter hadn´t been alive, he couldn´t have saved Joe´s life. Joe
would have never grown up to be a war hero, saving the lives of hundreds of soldiers. “Joe
wasn´t there to save them because you weren´t there to save Joe,” explains Gabriel. “You
see Peter, you really had a wonderful life.”
The ending of the movie delivers a heartwarming holiday message. It´s a Wonderful Life
shows us the importance of each person´s life and how each of our lives touches those of
others. We see through Peter´s eyes how the lives of those around him would have been
different if he hadn´t known them.
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Exercise 2:
Underline the sentences that contain the third conditional and then, translate them o
Spanish. Follow the example.
What would you have happened if you had never been born?
Qué hubiera pasado si no hubieras nacido?
1. - Angie would have watched the movie last night if she hadn´t seen it before.
2. - I would have recorder the movie if my DVD recorder had not stopped working
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3. - If I had had time, I would have watched “Back to the Future” movie
Text 7
The Future of Medicine
Exercise 1:
Ask the following questions to your partner
3. Tell your partner three ways in what the field of medicine and medical
technology has changed in the last 10 years?
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Exercise 2:
Read the following sentences.
Which sentence best helped you to understand the meaning of the word incision? Explain
your answer to a partner.
Exercise 3:
Scanning in the text below the sentence in which the word italicized appears. Then
choose the best definition.
Exercise 4:
Read this scientist article, follow the teacher’s instruction
TITLE:
Images of robotic equipment being used in operating rooms were once seen only in
science-fiction movies. Today, the use of robotic equipment for certain types of surgery
is no longer make-believe ―it´s real!
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this kind of invasive procedure are often prone (3) to infection (4), as bacteria can
infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as ´Keyhole surgery´ has become more common in recent
years. This technique eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions.
Instead, a couple of small incisions, each measuring about one centimeter, are made
around the area to be operated on. Long instruments, which look a bit like chopsticks,
are inserted through the tiny incision and into the patient´s body. At the end of this
instruments are small tools that resemble standard surgical tools. A tiny camera, called
endoscope, is also inserted into the body through one of the incisions. The camera
relays an image of what is happening inside the patient´s body to a large computer
monitor, so doctor are able to see what is going on, and where to place the tools. The
awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; if a surgeon wants to
move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right, and vice versa.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (5). A new
machine called the da Vinci™ Surgical System has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.
This robotic apparatus (6) requires that surgeons make three small incisions in the
body. Two of the slits are for instruments; the third is for the endoscope. Unlike keyhole
surgery, the da Vinci™ robots moving parts are designed to mimic the natural hand
and wrist movements of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. Sitting
at a console a few feet from a patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding
and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The
area of the body on which the surgeon is working is magnified (7) on a screen, which is
attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the
area―similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci™ Surgical System is undergoing trials from some procedures, it
has been hailed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses
must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive (8)
procedures typically mean that there in less physical trauma to the body, so a shorter
recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patients stay in the hospital has been cut
in half when the da Vinci™ Surgical System was used. On the downside (9), some
operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced
at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines,
the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.
As technologies continue to develop in the medical field, we may find that robots
become a permanent feature of the OR.
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Exercise 5:
What do you think is the best title for the text? Find it using skimming and scanning. Check
your answer with the teacher. Write it in the empty upper square.
a) Robotic Equipment
b) Robotic Technology
c) Robotic Surgeons
Exercise 6:
Find out in your dictionary the definition of the words that have a numeral from 1 to 9.
1. internal organs_______________________________________________
2. procedure __________________________________________________
3. prone(to) ____________________________________________________
4. infection ____________________________________________________
5. OR ________________________________________________________
6. apparatus ___________________________________________________
7. magnified ___________________________________________________
8. invasive ____________________________________________________
9. downside __________________________________________________
Exercise 7:
Find out the definition of the following homonyms. They could be verbs, nouns or
adjectives.
close
close
command
command
flavor
flavor
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RIVALRY
Can you name any international corporations? What are their products?
Do you now anything about Microsoft and Apple and their products?
Microsoft and Apple are two multinational corporations that have been rivals for about 30
years. At first it started off a duel over computers but it has now moved on to gamming and
music.
Both companies were founded by college dropouts in the 1970s. Apple, which was founded
by Steve Jobs, created the first PC in the mid 70s and little later created a more user-friendly
computer, the Macintosh.
Microsoft founder by Bill Gates took a different path. Microsoft license software, which is
known as Windows, to manufacturers like Compaq. Microsoft´s vision of “a computer on
every desk and in every home” was becoming a reality and by 1992 Bill Gates had become
the richest person in the world.
Microsoft strategy was too powerful for Apple to complete with and, in 1985, Steve Jobs was
fired from the company he helped create. Twelve years later, Apple brought back jobs, who
turned the Mac (short for Macintosh) into something cool and desirable. Apple has since sold
millions of Macs.
Currently Microsoft is the number one player in the corporate world. Microsoft has such a
strong hold in businesses that it wil be extremely difficult for Apple to catch up, if it ever
catches up. Apple, on the other hand, dominates the consumer space. Apple is seen as
innovative and cool, while Microsoft is seen as old and difficult to change. In addition, Apple is
increased the rivalry by making number of commercials were they mock Microsoft. They show
them as being out of date and totally uncool.
The relationship between Apple and Microsoft is not always one of rivalry, however. They also
rely on each other and work together. Microsoft makes software for the Mac. Macs can now
even run with Windows, and if Microsoft stopped making Microsoft Office for the Mac, it would
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be very bad for Apple.
It seems like the consumer is the real winner in this rivalry. Through the competition between
the two corporations, consumers are offered more and better products.
c. Read the text again and the statements below and decide if they express fact or
opinion. Write F or O in the boxes.
d. Match the words highlighted in the text with their meanings a-f
Passive Voice 1
Active Voice
They gave Tim a watch as a birthday present
Passive Voice
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A watch was given to Tim as a birthday present
f. Rewrite the sentences using the Passive Voice. Start with the words given.
My purse
Students
A seat belt
Lots of
Some flowers
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Most common prefixes
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Most common suffixes
SUFIXES WITH NOUNS SUFIXES WITH ADJECTIVES
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IRREGULAR VERBS LIST
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flee fled fled escapar, huir, evitar.
fly flew flown volar
forbid forbade forbidden prohibir.
foresee foresaw foreseen prever, prevenir
forget forgot forgotten olvidar (se)
forgive forgave forgiven perdonar
freeze froze frozen congelar
get got got (ten) lograr, obtener, conseguir.
give gave given dar, conceder.
go went gone ir (se), funcionar, resultar.
grind ground ground moler, triturar.
grow grew grown crecer, cultivar.
hang hung hung colgar, suspender.
have had had tener, haber.
hear heard heard oír, escuchar.
hide hid hid (den) ocultar, encubrir.
hit hit hit pegar, golpear, acertar.
hold held held sostener, mantener, contener.
hurt hurt hurt herir, dañar, lastimar.
keep kept kept mantener, guardar, conservar.
know knew known conocer, saber.
lay laid laid poner, colocar.
lead led led guiar, llevar, conducir.
learn learnt learnt aprender, saber.
leave left left partir, irse, abandonar.
lend lent lent prestar
let let let permitir, conceder.
lie lay lain tenderse, descansar,
light lit lit alumbrar, iluminar, encender
lose lost lost perder, malgastar.
make made made hacer, confeccionar, producir.
meet met met encontrarse, satisfacer.
melt melted molten (old) derretir (se), fundir (se)
mistake mistook mistaken equivocarse, errar
pay paid paid pagar, recompensar.
put put put poner, colocar, exponer.
read read read leer, descifrar, marcar.
rebuild rebuilt rebuilt reconstruir
rid rid rid librarse, zafarse.
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ride rode ridden rodar, tener juego, funcionar.
ring rang rung tocar, sonar.
rise rose risen ascender, elevarse, levantarse
run ran run correr, funcionar.
say said said decir, afirmar.
see saw seen ver, observar.
sell sold sold vender
send sent sent enviar
set set set instalar, establecer, colocar
shake shook shaken sacudir, lanzar, agitar.
shed shed shed derramar, esparcir, dejar caer.
shine shone shone brillar, relumbrar, sobresalir.
shoot shot shot disparar, emitir, lanzar.
show showed shown mostrar, exhibir, probar
shut shut shut cerrar, impedir, excluir.
sing sang sung cantar
sit sat sat sentarse, reunirse.
sleep slept slept dormir
slide slid slid(den) resbalar, deslizarse,
smell smelt smelt oler, percibir.
speak spoke spoken hablar, decir.
speed sped sped acelerar, apresurarse.
spend spent spent gastar, consumir, emplear (tiempo).
split split split partir, dividir, separar, reventar.
spoil spoilt spoilt deteriorar, dañar, inutilizar.
spread spread spread extender, esparcir, propagar.
spring sprang sprung saltar, soltar, brotar, surgir.
stand stood stood pararse, tolerar, estar (de pie).
steal stole stolen robar, escabullirse.
stick stuck stuck pegar, adherirse, prender, fijar.
stink stank stunk oler mal, apestar.
strike struck struck golpear, pegar, estallar.
swell swelled swollen hinchar, inflamar, engrosar.
swim swam swum nadar, flotar.
swing swung swung balancear(se), hacer girar.
take took taken tomar, llevar.
teach taught taught enseñar
tell told told decir, contar, narrar.
think thought thought pensar, creer.
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throw threw thrown lanzar, tirar, , arrojar.
understand understood understood comprender.
wake woke woke (n) despertar, excitar.
wear wore worn gastar(se), consumirse, usar.
win won won ganar, conquistar.
write wrote written escribir.
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believe believed believed creer
boil boiled boiled hervir
breathe breathed breathed respirar
complete completed completed completar
count counted counted contar
close closed closed cerrar
cook cooked cooked cocinar
crash crashed crashed chocar
cross crosssed crosssed cruzar
call called called llamar
care cared cared cuidar
carry carried carried llevar
change changed changed cambiar
check checked checked chequear
charge charged charged cargar, cobrar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbed climbed escalar, subir
comb combed combed peinar
cover covered covered cubrir
cry cried cried llorar
crawl crawled crawled gatear, arrastrarse
dance danced danced bailar
dress dressed dressed vestir
die died died morir
declare declared declared declarar
delay delayed delayed demorar
deliver delivered delivered entregar
deny denied denied negar
dine dined dined cenar
dry dried dried secar
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
engage engaged engaged comprometer
envy envied envied envidiar
express expressed expressed expresar
exclaim exclaimed exclaimed exclamar
explain explained explained explicar
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fail failed failed fracasar, fallar
file filed filed archivar
fill filled filled llenar
fire fired fired despedir del trabajo, disparar
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pray prayed prayed orar
prefer prefered prefered preferir
prepare prepared prepared preparar
pull pulled pulled tirar, jalar
park parked parked estacionar
pass passed passed pasar
pick picked picked recoger
please pleased pleased complacer, favorecer
polish polished polished pulir
practice practiced practiced practicar
promise promised promised prometer
pronounce pronounced pronounced pronunciar
punish punished punished castigar
push pushed pushed empujar
repeat repeated repeated repetir
report reported reported reportar, informar
request requested requested solicitar, pedir
rest rested Rested descansar
reach reached reached alcanzar
refuse refused Refused rehusar, rechazar
raise raised Raised levantar
rain rained Rained llover
receive received received recibir
remain remained remained quedar, sobrar
remember remembered remembered recordar
repair pepaired pepaired reparar
require required required requerir
reserve reserved reserved reservar, guardar
row rowed Rowed remar
resolve resolved resolved resolver
return returned returned retornar, volver
search searched searched buscar, registrar
save saved Saved salvar
serve served served servir
sign signed signed firmar
smile smiled smiled sonreír
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snow snowed snowed nevar
stay stayed stayed permanecer, quedarse
study studied studied estudiar
suffer suffered suffered sufrir
swallow swallowed swallowed tragar
slip slipped slipped resbalar
smoke smoked smoked fumar
stop stopped stopped detener, parar
switch switched switched conectar, accionar
stretch stretched stretched estirar
talk talked Talked conversar
thank thanked thanked agradecer
touch touched touched tocar, palpar
trap trapped trapped atrapar
tire tired Tired cansar, fatigar
train trained trained entrenar
travel traveled traveled viajar
trouble troubled troubled molestar
try tried Tried tratar, intentar
turn turned turned girar, voltear
use used Used usar
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
want wanted wanted querer, requerir
walk walked walked caminar
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched observar, mirar
wish wished wished desear, anhelar
work worked worked trabajar
wrap up wrapped up wrapped up envolver
wreck wrecked wrecked naufragar
warm warmed warmed calentar
warn warned warned advertir
water watered watered regar
weigh weighed weighed pesar
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BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. http://www.mansioningles.com/gram40.htm
2. http://www.vetement-sportif.com/
3. english.people.com.cn/.../94629/6450537.html
4. www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/few.php
5. www.aulafacil.com/Ingejerc/Lecciones/Lecc13.htm
6. esl.about.com/od/.../a/cm_lot.htm.
10. Let’s Speed Up 2 Student’s book and teacher’s book H. Q. Mitchell Mm publications
11. Ways to grammar –A modern English Practice Book John Shepherd, R. Rossner,
James Taylor Macmillan
12. Upload student book & workbook Virginia Evans / Jenny Dooley US2 Express
Publishing
13. Grammar Practice Activities. A practical guide for teachers Penny Ur
14. Cambridge Handbooks for language teachers, pp.213 – 214
15. Click on America Student Book and Workbook, Virginia Evans & Jenny Dooley
Express Publishing
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