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Gerund Infinitive
Gerund Infinitive
2.- Van seguidos de GERUNDIO/INFINITIVO (°: con cambio de sentido; ¯sin cambio de sentido):
advise (°), allow (°), begin (¯), can't bear, continue (¯), deserve (¯), dread (°), forget (°), go on (°), hate (°), intend (¯), like
(°), love (°), mean (°), need (¯), perm it (°), prefer (°), propose (°), recom m end (°), regret (°), rem em ber (°), require (¯),
start (¯), stop (°), try (°), want (°)
* advise, allow, permit, recommend llevan infinitivo si la persona mencionada aparece
* Con muchos de estos verbos, como like, love, prefer, hate, dread, can't bear, se sigue GERUNDIO cuando la acción se piensa en un
sentido general (=uso de la forma condicional), y se sigue INFINITIVO cuando se piensa en un tiempo determinado.
* Después de forget, regret, remember se usa GERUNDIO para referirse a una acción que ocurre antes del verbo principal. Se usa
INFINITIVO para referirse a algo que ocurre después del verbo principal.
* Los verbos deserve, need, require, want, pueden ir seguidos indistintamente por GERUNDIO O INFINITIVO PASIVO cuando tienen
el significado de necesitar (esta camisa necesita un planchado) y siempre tienen idea pasiva.
* Tras el verbo try se usa INFINITIVO cuando tiene el significado de intento e implica dificultad. Se usa GERUNDIO cuando significa
comprobar y no implica dificultad.
* Tras propose se usa INFINITIVO, cuando significa "tener intención de". Con GERUNDIO significa sugerencia.
* M ean con GERUNDIO significa "implicar". Con INFINITIVO "intentar".
* Stop con GERUNDIO significa "cesar una acción para empezar otra". Con INFINITIVO significa "alto".
* Go on con gerundio significa la continuación de algo ya empezado. Con INFINITIVO continuar con algo nuevo.
* Used to con infinitivo significa una acción pasada o hábito que no pervive.
* To be used to con GERUNDIO significa estar acostumbrado.
* Tras want se usa TO INFINITIVO en su significado habitual de “querer”, pero seguido de GERUNDIO significa hacer falta, necesitar:
“this shirt wants / needs ironing.”
EJEM PLOS
The Prime Minster admitted taking bribes. I recollect playing here when this was a playground.
Get some instruction even though you don't anticipate using it. They resent being treated as common criminals.
He turned his head trying to avoid breathing in the vapour. If you resist doing something you stop yourself from doing it.
If you mean to do something do it deliberately. If you have an expensive rug don't risk washing it yourself.
You might consider moving to a new house. He suggested going to the cinema.
The company deferred paying the employees. I only understand killing in self-defence.
She delayed starting divorce proceedings for six months. I'm for/against going to that house again.
They detest (the very thought of) living elsewhere. I care for starving people.
Everything you dread doing you must do straight away John gave up drinking five years ago.
They dreaded him coming. He kept on drinking till he died.
I enjoy playing my guitar. I'm looking forward to seeing you again
I could never excuse him for being so rude They kept putting off signing the paper.
I could never excuse his being so rude She went to the office to see about (getting) an increase.
She asked to be excused from acting that evening. If you take to doing something, you begin to do it as a regular habit.
Excuse me butting in. He can't help being useless
I don't fancy going back to that dreary house alone. I can't help thinking it was a mistake to let him go.
He finished the argument (by) walking out of the room. I can't stand listening to that noise all the time.
They finished up serving in a shop. It's no use begging him, he won't lend you any money.
The family could be forgiven for thinking we’re living in London. It's no good worrying any more tonight.
I can't imagine asking him for money. It's worth paying a little attention.
Try to imagine (you're) sitting in a cloud. I don't mind staying a little longer.
Caring for a one-year-old involves changing nappies and making I wouldn't mind being paid a little more.
special meals. I'm accustomed to getting up quite early.
Keep going, don't stop. I'm used to getting up quite early.
If you don't mind me/my saying so. I'm busy talking on the phone.
I miss watching my favourite series, but it's not on any longer. It's worth paying a little extra.
Pardon me for interrupting/Pardon my interrupting. However we complain they keep on throwing parties.
To delay something is to postpone it happening. I'm proud of being who I am.
You prevent someone from doing something. I am glad to see you
Are you instructed to prevent me entering?
There are many verbs that are not generally used in the progressive tenses and others that are not used in certain of their meanings. (In
grammars, these verbs are often called “stative verbs”; verbs that can normally have progressive forms are called “dynamic verbs”.) The
most important of these verbs are:
1. Dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, want, wish.
2. Astonish, impress, please, satisfy, surprise.
3. Believe, doubt, feel (have an opinion), guess, imagine, know, mean, realize, recognize, remember, suppose, think (have an opinion),
understand.
4. Hear, see, measure (have length, etc), taste, (have a flavour), smell (give out smell), sound, weigh (have weight).
5. Belong to, concern, consist of, contain, depend on, deserve, fit, include, involve, lack, matter, need, owe, own, possess.
6. Appear, resemble, seem.
Note the common use of can see and can hear instead of progressive tenses of see and hear:
Note that verbs which are never used in progressive tenses (like know) have “-ing” forms which can be used as participles, objects of
prepositions, etc.