13.48 Liquid octane (Col) ut 77°F, | atm enters a combustion chamber operating at steedy state and bums completely with $0% excess dry ar entering at 120°F. The products exit at 1060", 1 atm. Determine the rate of beat transfer between the combustions chamber and is surroundings, in Buu per Ibmol of fuel entering. Kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible KNOWN: Liquid octane burs completely ina combustion chamber operating at steady state. “The temperatures ofthe entering fue, dry ai, and exiting products are specified, The percent excess ai is also known, FIND: Determine the rate of heat transfer between the combustion and its surroundings, per Tmol of ful entering, SCHEMATIC AND GIVEN DATA: Catt Ctigquig) 1 Products of complete TPE=337R| ———> ‘combustion ' — SOM excess dry air tom 3 120°F = $80°R 1060°F = 1520°R ENGINEERING MODEL: (1) The control volume shown in the accompanying sketch is at steady state with 2, = © and negligible kinetic and potential energy effects. (2) 3.76 moles of 'N; aceompany each moles of O; in the dry air andthe nitrogen is inert. (3) the ideal pas model is applicable to the combustion air end the products of combustion. ANALYSIS: Complete combustion ofthe Celina with the theoretical amount of dry air is described by Coble * 12.5(0: + 3.76N:) + 8CO; + 9H:0+ 47N> Thus, with $0% excess air (Coblis +18.75 (Op + 3.76Nz) + 8COy + 9H,0 +6250, + 70.5Ny ‘An energy rate balance reduces to ive ° WE ns + Org: [18.75Eo, + 70.5Te be ~[8Fio,+ Hy, 625K, 4 70.5hig, hs 0 Gel = Using =p ak Gelhngs = (SURF + 8(1520) - (S37) + OFF + F(1520) - h(537)hia0 ° + 6.254A6 + F(1520) - H(S37)Jox +70. sph a 1520) - K(537)]no} ~ (Prsquacane 18. rap 450. 1537)Jon - 70.5 fs Ri = WS37)u} With data from Tables A-23E and A-25E. Qian = 8[-169,300 + 14824,9 ~ 4027.5] + 9[104,040 + 12738.8 ~ 4258.0) + 625{111796~3725,1] + 70.5{10800.4 ~ 3729.5] -(-107,530) ~~ 18.75[4027.3 - 3725.1] -70.5[4028.7 - 3729.1] 1.582. 10° Brw/tpmol (CyHtis) The negative sign indicates thatthe heat transfer i fromthe contol volume tothe surroundings, as expectedPRoevem 13.46 and Known: Propane ewlers a combustion chamber with enao tenporature an eesPatonde given molar flow rale, Jhere une cong fal cal gore Pusteb ip aria tenpartion of he exiting bs Esp; Dalermine the heat tramefar rate for each of two exit temperate, ‘Getemaric Gives) Dara: 4 ev aie I seen ai ulead gaa hr ivtee Ch tae ool nates teeta Cldome ih at cheadey tiate wir, Lahm Giicinekie tad pohettal ewnery eet ‘are negligible. ANALYSIS: Theorebical Combushin: Cy p+ 5(O,43.7blls) #300, 4Hla0+ 188M Achoal Combushin: Cy Hg t10C0,48.71bNa\ @ 360,4+4t40+ 50,4 37.6Na, Ty2 Stok The energy rale balance cam be written as OF Bey hl Fgh), + OFA, 21 EAE, = GAs), 5 ARAN, 5 DPM), 5 ne SETH), S 23 This Rgseey-Teoeey) +4 tosh Ls Bey] +5 [Rcsoo- Rarer ]razeLhcsea- he] - (FF) With data from Table 4-23 Sor = 3 [-393,520+0,401-4,2043]+ 4 [241,820 +(18,454-9.404)] Mfuet 45 Tiu,ys4~ 8662] 4 37.6 (Ib, 363 ~ 6,664] ~ (103,650) a3[-382,477] + 4{-232,765]+ 517472] +37%6[ 194] - (-103,050) 1,645,244 KT/kmel | a= ol {ew Siok Gey Quy 200.7 ED oasmot KT) | ER | = b.iszxre a) Tp=248K Trtnic case, condensation might eccur in +he product ges wrixkuye + To, check Yais, determine Hea dew paiict Femiporature of the sas follows: y= 4, Minn 24.6 > Yy = 4/aq.g = 0.08065 Py = @.0600S) (1.01325 bar) = 0.082 bar, From Table A-2 Tian 242%. Srince 2A BK = 25°C is less Hrom Phe dew pois, there ic comerteation Tha, Lollowing model will be ured: Book rs product sores saturated (P= By yg gel 202M) [3 d02+ Wy K.0 + 50,4 37.6Ns, ly Tus H20 Wgtd-My ny e4s.e+ny (sedated liquid ct 25%) CR prod. gas) StPROBLEM 13.46 CCont'd.)~Page2 To fad ny amd ny fe eioalea 2 0.03128 d= * \o7s ood ye Yow nya ares 45,040. Finally collecting results Cy Hg t (0(Oxt316N2) (3 0, + 1.4724 Ha0(g)+ SO, + 3TONe) H2S27GMNLA) The enewy balance becomes feo. aL Teeeree DR gt 22 LM wocnl “LR! rable A-25) Meat = 3(-343,520) + 1.4724 (-241, 820) + 2.5276 (-285,630) ~(-103, 850) -2.55 x10 © L5/kmal tusk . Qu, = 1) (-2ssxi0%) ==1, 508Sx10% LW aes the gases to 208K dard condensing someat he wolor Note that cooking the g Vapor increases the heat Hamster ate substaictial =13.50 Octane gus (CaHi) at 25°C, 1 atm enters & combustion chamber operating at steady state ‘and bums with 120% theoretical air entering at 25°C, | atm. ‘The combustion products exitat 1200 K and include only CO;, H:O, O:, and Nz, Ifthe rate of het transfer from the combustion ‘chamber to the surroundings is 2500 kW, determine the mass flow rate ofthe fue in kg/s. KNOWN: Octane gas bums with 120% theoretical air with known products of combustion and 2 specified heat transfer rate FIND: Determine the mass flow rate of the fuel ‘SCHEMATIC AND GIVEN DATA: Calis) 29°C =298 K, 1 atm q Combustion products 120% theoretical dry air r+ (CO; H:0(g), O2, Na) 25°C =298 K, | atm Hi 1200K ENGINEERING MODEL: 1. The control volume identified by a dashed line onthe accompanying figure operstes at steady state with, =| 2. Kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored 3. The octane gas is modeled as an ideal gas. The combustion airand the product of ‘combustion each frm ideal ga mixtures. 4. Each mole of oxygen inthe combustion iris accompanied by 3.76 moles of nitrogen, which is inert ANALYSIS: For combustion with sheoretcal air, the balanced chemical equation is Calli + 12.5(0; + 3.763) — 800, + 9H,0+ 47N; ‘The balanced chemical equation for 120% theoretical CaHha + (1.20)12.5)(0, + 3.76N;) ~+ aCOs + BELO + 603 + dN; Applying conservation of mass to carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, respectively ce He 18=2b+b=9 0: 2(12.5X1.20)=2a+ b+ 20% 2(8)+9+ 20+ e= 25 erProblem 13,50 (Continued) ~ Page 2 N: 2(8.76X12.5X1.20) =2d—+ d= 564 ‘The balanced chemical equation for combustion with 120% theoretical air is Cullis + 15(O; + 3.76N:) —» 8CO; + 9H,0 + 2.503 + 56.4Nz ‘The energy rate balance reduces with assumptions 1-310 give So =i, oo (G+ og, +14 4a, +564 +2, Ag, +150 + Ag #250" aR), + 564974 AF), ‘With the enthalpy of formation for CeHia(g) from Table A-25 vs) 208,450 kI/kmol (CsFis) i, With enthalpy of formation values for CO; and H:O{g) from Table A:25, and enthalpy values for CO, H:0, Os, and N; from Table A-23 lie + aio, +967 +aF)yn +2.510R), +564(0%),,1 (8(-~-393,520 + 53,848 -9,364)19(-241,820-+44,380-9,904) +2.5(38,447~8,682)+56.4 (36,777 -8.669)] 2,998,680 KS kmol(CsH) ii, Solving for the molar flow rate of fue! 3 ©. =2500 kW 7 i s Fy, ” [2998680 (-208,450)[TRmOKC A, TR _ 8.96 « 10% kmoKCoHia}'s “Multiplying the molar flow rate by the molecular weight of octane, we obtain f= Mh [tan Cae) 9519+ MOU) 92 Catan mol.) } G2