Audmh 26>

MUUC ;52=-;6;7
Jnmemõc ojcsufd
ojcsufd
Frgjctmcf
$ <=,=;

Zrugufy 6:; - [frfgufy

[frfgufy Gs 5;.;;; -
[jrñ Uhdjs 6: - Bhdmvmf Bs >: -
Jd Ufdvfnhr ZU 5,6; - Cmefrfguf E >:.
 

 > y : 
Zc ojs pfrf df [ftrmf.
Ljdmz Bmejctjcfrmh
 < f 0 
Ujrjch, jc uc ^ueuoæc
nj stjstf
= f 66
2;6<1 Föh njd Bmejctjcfrmh
nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
62 y 65 2
Gdhsfs y pfdfbrfs fdusmvfs
pfrf jd feth.
6> f 6< 
Feth1 2;; föhs njspuís...
¡Uï, qujrjohs!
60 y 6=
Feth1 Emomjcths
nj Mcnjpjcnjcemf
2; y 26
^fddjr nj Frtj
22 y 25
Gfdjrïf njd Bmejctjcfrmh

2> y 2< 
[rjsjctfemhcjs nmgmtfdjs1
Bmejctjcfrmh nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
20 y 2=
Df rjstf
 56
[rõxmoh cñojrh.
@uohr

>y :
 

5
 

Jd BMEJC^JCFRMH js uc cujvh fcmvjrsfrmh njd

nïf quj cujstrh pfïs luj mcnjpjcnmjctj `fej 2;;
föhs y chs rjeujrnf quj dhs grfcnjs suejshs ch
smjoprj heurrjc jc dfs smtufemhcjs oæs lfvhrfbdjs,
phr jd ehctrfrmh, gjcjrfdojctj suejnjc eufcnh
dhs prhbdjofs surgjc y rjqumjrjc nj shduemhcjs.

@fej 2;; föhs

Dhs rjfdmstfs `fbïfc shlhefnh efsm thnhs dhs
ohvmomjcths mcnjpjcnjctmstfs, pjrh fqujddhs
pftrmhtfs mgufd dh dhgrfrhc.

Dfsfsï
fuc prhvmcemfs
dhgrfrhctjcïfc
ucmrsjofrefnfs
phr jd bmjcnmljrjcemfs,
ehoñc. pjrh
Dfs nmstfcemfs jrfc jchrojs, dhs ojnmhs nj
trfcsphrtj ouy smopdjs y dhs efomchs njofsmfnh
pjdmgrhshs, pjrh f pjsfr nj jsth, dhs ehcgrjsfdjs
jclrjctfrhc dfrghs vmfajs pfrf ddjgfr f njstmch.
Df Njedfrfemõc nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf dhs
jclrjctfbf f uc njsflïh1 hrgfcmzfr uc
pfïs, thofr dfs rmjcnfs y
njemnmr phr sï omsohs,

fdgh f dh
quj ch jstfbfc
fehstuobrfnhs y ch jrf
sjcemddh, pjrh fuc fsï jsths
`hobrjs sj fcmofrhc y nmajrhc thnhs
 aucths —¡Uï, qujrjoh
qujr johs!‟
s!‟..

Jc jstj BMEJC^JCFRMH `fgfohs ehoh jddhs,

thojohs ehoh jajopdh f fqujddhs grfcnjs
pftrmhtfs quj supmjrhc ehcvjrtmr dfs nmsteudtfnjs
jc hphrtucmnfnjs. Ch njajohs quj df
njsjspjrfczf hpfquj cujstrh
cuj strh prjsjctj, jstjohs
ucmnhs, trfbfajohs ehc hptmomsoh, ehctfgmjohs
jctusmfsoh, smgfohs ehcstruyjcnh jstf `msthrmf.

Df `msthrmfGrmtjohs
frgjctmchs. nj efnf uch, df `msthrmf nj thnhs dhs
aucths1
 ¡Uï, qujrjohs!
 ¡Uï, qujrjohs… lhrofrlhrofr pfrtj nj
uc prjsjctj quj trfbfaf phr

Zc o j s  p f r f uc ojahr luturh! 

 ¡Uï, qujrjohs… `hobrjs y ouajrjs
quj njajc nj dfnh jd bmjc pfrtmeudfr 

df [ f t r m f
 pfrf phcjr jc prmojr dugfr
jd bmjc ehoñc! 
 ¡Uï, qujrjohs… sjgumrsjgumr ehcstruyjcnh
ucf Frgjctmcf quj chs ddjguj
Jd efdjcnfrmh njd ojs nj audmh chs trfj uc nïf jspjemfd.
jsp jemfd. ^hnhs
^hnhs dhs nj hrguddh y sftmslfeemõc! 
frgjctmchs tjcjohs ucf mcvmtfemõc pfrf ejdjbrfr df Cfemõc quj fqujd  ¡Uï, qujrjohs… vfdhrfr
vfdhrfr cujstrf
= nj Audmh nj 606< ehcstruyõ sus emomjcths trfs ehcsjgumr df
Njedfrfemõc nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf. eudturf y ohstrærsjdf fd oucnh jctjrh
Jc dfs jseujdfs, jd ehoprhomsh js ejdjbrfr f trfvís nj nmstmctfs ehoh df ofyhr nj n j cujstrfs rmqujzfs! 
fetmvmnfnjs y ehcvhefr f df ehoucmnfn f pjcsfr y rjpjcsfr cujstrf  ¡Uï, qujrjohs… sjr uc uc pfïs dmbrj j
`msthrmf aucths. mcnjpjcnmjctj! 
>
 

 m h !
 f r
¡L jdm z Bm e j c t j c
Jd sïobhdh njd Bmejctjcfrmh
Jd dhgh njd Bmejctjcfrmh js hbrf njd frtmstf @jrcæc Bjrnme`jvsiy, erjfnhr tfobmíc njd nmsjöh
hrmgmcfd jc 2;6;, mnjfnh jc fqujddf hefsmõc pfrf jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df Rjvhduemõc nj Ofyh.
O fyh.
Jd sïobhdh rjprjsjctf df Jsefrfpjdf ehc uc shd brmddfcnh jc jd ejctrh, dfs vjmctj hcnfs shc dfs
2; njeænfs quj pfsfrhc njsnj jd 606<.
Jstj dhgh mctjctf trfcsomtmr ucmõc, phsmtmvmnfn y luturh, trjs pfdfbrfs quj fehopföfræc dhs
ljstjahs jc efnf rmceõc nj cujstrh pfïs.

:
 

Fejrefr f dhs e`mehs df `msthrmf nj cujstrh pfïs
f trfvís nj df djeturf nj eujcths bfsfnhs jc
`je`hs rjfdjs js uc rjeursh vædmnh pfrf ohstrfr
jd pfsfnh nj ucf lhrof nmstmctf y nmvjrtmnf. Jc
jstf hphrtucmnfn, ehcvjcemnhs nj quj nurfctj
nur fctj
jd ojs nj audmh jc thnfs dfs fudfs nj cujstrh pfïs
jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df Njedfrfemõc nj cujstrf
Mcnjpjcnjcemf sjræ jd grfc prhtfghcmstf, djs
brmcnfohs jc uch nj dhs phstjrs ejctrfdjs df
 
sjeujcemf nj uc eujcth mdustrfnh quj sj tmtudf
Ujrjch, jd pjrshcfaj prmcempfd nj jstj eujcth, js jd `mah nj
ucf jsedfvf quj vmvj jc jd pfbjddõc nj df efsf nj df
sjrvmnuobrj nj uc oftrmohcmh mophrtfctj nj df
dhefdmnfn. Jstj cmöh, cfnf sjrjch y phr njoæs mcqumjth,
jseue`f ucf ehcvjrsfemõc, jctrj nhc ^jhnhrh, jd nujöh nj
efsf, y [jnrh Omgujd Fræhz, uc sfejrnhtj rjprjsjctfctj nj
^ueuoæc jc jd Ehcgrjsh. Jstf e`frdf njspmjrtf df
eurmhsmnfn njd pjqujöh, qumjc njemnj sfdmr trfs jd rjdmgmhsh
pfrf fvjrmgufr oæs
oæs fejref njd tjof.

—Ujrjch
—Ujrjch,
ehoh susu, jc uc ^ueuoæc
chobrj^ueuoæc nj stjstf‟.
dh jxprjsf,
jxprjsf,stjstf‟. Jstf `msthrmf
`msthrmf,
sj njsfrrhddf jc , —Ujrjch, jc uc ^ueuoæc
^ueuoæc nj stjstf‟ chs pjromtj ehchejr fdguchs
fspjeths quj efrfetjrmzfbfc df vmnf ehtmnmfcf jc df íphef ehdhcmfd y chs
^ueuoæc, jc fqujd nïf gdhrmhsh, jd = nj Audmh nj brmcnf njtfddjs fejref nj dfs rjdfemhcjs shemfdjs quj sj jstfbdjeïfc jctrj
606<, lje`f quj nurfctj jsths nïfs jstfrjohs nmljrjctjs gruphs. Ujrïf mctjrjsfctj quj efnf nhejctj dh thofrf ehoh
rjehrnfcnh y ejdjbrfcnh ehc jctusmfsoh jc pucth nj pfrtmnf pfrf pdfcmstefr y njsfrrhddfr uc trfbfah nj
efnf rmceõc nj cujstrf
cuj strf qujrmnf Cfemõc. mcvjstmgfemõc quj djs pjromtf f dhs e`mehs djjr y jsermbmr pfrf prhlucnmzfr
shbrj jd tjof.

<
 

Uugjrjcemf nj fetmvmnfnjs
[rjvmfojctj f df djeturf Jc cujstrf pægmcf wjb  www.jnmbf.eho

Jd nhejctj djj jd tïtudh njd rjdfth, djssjjctrjgf f dhsjc jd jcehctrfræs fetmvmnfnjs

jd eujcth —Ujrjch, jc uc rjdfemhcfnfs
^ueuoæc njehc
e`mehs df sjeujcemf nj moægjcjs quj jceujctrf
eufnjrcmddh lhthehpmfbdj y djs prjguctf sm pujnjc lmjstf‟.
—fctmempfr‟ jd ehctjcmnh njd eujcth. Jstf fetmvmnfn
pujnj sjrvmr nj guïf pfrf rjsphcnjr ucf sjrmj nj mctjrrhgfctjs1 ¸sj mofgmcfc quí heurrj jc jstf
`msthrmf8 ¸Rjehchejc fdgñc dugfr8 ¸Vuí sfbjc nj ^ueuoæc8 ¸[hr quí `fbræ ucf stjstf8

Nurfctj df djeturf
Jc uc prmojr ohojcth, jd nhejctj sjræ qumjc djf jc vhz fdtf thnh jd rjdfth smc mctjrrupemhcjs. Dujgh
phnjohs prhphcjr df rjdjeturf jc pjqujöhs gruphs y fbrmr uc jspfemh nj mctjrefobmh nj djethrjs fd
stcfdmzfr efnf vmöjtf.
Jd nhejctj sjræ qumjc thoj df pfdfbrf pfrf rjfdmzfr fehtfemhcjs y prjguctfs quj prhpmemjc df
pfrtmempfemõc nj dhs e`mehs. [hr jajopdh, dujgh nj tjromcfr df prmojrf pfrtj njd eujcth pujnj njemr1
󰁤 F Ujrjch ch dj gustfbf nhromr df smjstf. ¸Zstjnjs nujrojc df smjstf jc su efsf8 ¸[hr quí df ofnrj sj

phcïf cjrvmhsf eufcnh Ujrjch `feïf bhe`mce`j8 ¸Vuí js uc eftrj8 ¸Euædjs shc dhs pjrshcfajs quj sj
prjsjctfrhc `fstf fquï8 ¸Euæd js jd pjrshcfaj oæs mophrtfctj8
mop hrtfctj8 ¸[hr quí erjjc jsh8
󰁤 Fd djjr df prmojrf lrfsj
l rfsj nj df sjgucnf vmöjtf1 —^ueuoæc jstfbf sjrjch, pjrh Ujrjch ch tjcïf
mctjcemhcjs nj qujnfrsj tfc sjrjch‟, jd ofjstrh
ofjstrh pujnj `fejr chtfr f dhs e`mehs quj df futhrf rjpmtmõ trjs
vjejs df omsof pfdfbrf, pjrh quj —Ujrjch‟ y —sjrjch‟ shc tíromchs ehc nmstmcth smgcmstefnh.
Htrfs mctjrvjcemhcjs quj pujnj rjfdmzfr jd nhejctj f dh dfrgh nj df djeturf njd eujcth pujnjc jstfr
7
 

rjdfemhcfnfs ehc
dhs smgumjctjs mctjrrhgfctjs1 ¸quí jrf dh quj
󰁤 Rjfdmzfr jcsfyhs, efobmfr jd dmbrjth nj feujrnh ehc dfs
qujrïf `fejr Ujrjch f df `hrf nj df smjstf8 ¸Eõoh dhgrõ sfdmr
nmsteudtfnjs quj surafc. Njtjromcfr jc quí sjofcf sj grfbfræc
nj df `fbmtfemõc8 ¸[hr quí Ujrjch punh jseue`fr dh quj nhc
dfs jsejcfs stcfdjs y pjnmr ehdfbhrfemõc f dhs pfnrjs pfrf su
^jhnhrh y jd sfejrnhtj
s fejrnhtj ehcvjrsfbfc8 ¸Vuí luj dh quj dj ddfoõ
jnmemõc. Jd vmnjh ehc df hbrf ehopdjtf sj pujnj ohstrfr jd nïf
oæs df ftjcemõc nj jsf ehcvjrsfemõc8 ¸@fstf quí dugfr ddjgõ
njd feth.
Ujrjch trfs dhs pfshs njd rjdmgmhsh8 ¸Vuí heurrmõ jc jsj dugfr8
Fd stcfdmzfr jd eujcth , pujnj djjrsj df smgumjctj lrfsj1
[hstjrmhrojctj
[hstjrmhrojctj f df djeturf
dj eturf —^ueuoæc yf ch jstfbf tfc sjrjch. Jsj = nj audmh nj 606<,
Rjfdmzfr ucf mcvjstmgfemõc shbrj nmstmcths fspjeths nj df
󰁤
df `hrf nj df smjstf sj trfcslhroõ jc uc fdbhrhth. ] 
vmnf nj dfs pjrshcfs jc 606<1 edfsjs shemfdjs, fdmojctfemõc,
Ujrjch, jc vjz nj nhromr, sj prjpfrõ pfrf dhs ljstjahs njd
ojnmhs nj trfcsphrtj, trfbfah, vjstmojctf, aujghs. Rjdfemhcfr
nïf smgumjctj‟.
smgumjctj‟. Jc rjdfemõc ehc
e hc df lrfsj, df nhejctj
n hejctj phnræ
p hnræ
f dhs pjrshcfajs njd eujcth ehc dhs tjofs mcvjstmgfnhs.
󰁤
Hrgfcmzfr ucf ehcljrjcemf fbmjrtf pfrf quj dhs e`mehs  pdfctjfr1 —¸Vuí djs pfrjej
pfrjej sm chshtrhs tfobmíc
pujnfc jxphcjr hrfdojctj shbrj dh quj fprjcnmjrhc. hrgfcmzfohs uc ljstjah pfrf ejdjbrfr quj shohs
󰁤 ^rfcslhrofr jd eujcth jc ucf hbrf nj tjftrh. Lfbrmefr
frgjctmchs hrguddhshs nj vmvmr jd Bmejctjcfrmh8 Dhs cmöhs y
oæsefrfs pfrf rjprjsjctfr f dhs pjrshcfajs y efrfetjrmzfr f dfs lfomdmfs phnræc prhphcjr mnjfs pfrf ljstjafr jc jd
dhs cmöhs. Ehcljeemhcfr tfobmíc df jsejchgrflïf. fudf f dh dfrgh nj thnh jd ojs.
0

2;6<1 Föh njd Bmejctjcfrmh
Bmejctjcfrmh
nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
Nïf nj df Njedfrfemõc nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
¡Ddjgõ jd grfc nïf! Jc efnf rmceõc nj cujstrh pfïs thnhs dhs
frgjctmchs vfohs f jstfr ljstjafcnh 2;; föhs nj df Njedfrfemõc nj
cujstrf Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
Njsnj jd ehomjczh njd prjsjctj emedh djetmvh jc efnf jseujdf sj
vmjcjc njsfrrhddfcnh nmvjrshs prhyjeths pfrf ehchejr y pjcsfr
shbrj dhs `je`hs quj sj lujrhc suejnmjcnh y quj stcfdojctj nmjrhc
dugfr f fqujd gdhrmhsh ofrtjs = nj Audmh nj 606<, uc nïf jsjcemfd jc df
`msthrmf nj cujstrf Cfemõc, y quj phr jddh njbj ejdjbrfrsj ehoh tfd.
Jstj ojs, jstunmfctjs, ofjstrhs, pfnrjs y htrhs
omjobrhs nj df ehoucmnfn jnueftmvf tjcnræc df
hphrtucmnfn nj jcehctrfrsj jc jd feth lhrofd pfrf
phnjr ehopfrtmr dhs fprjcnmzfajs y sfbjrjs ehcstrumnhs
jc jstj tmjoph, pjrh tfobmíc dhs sjctmomjcths y dhs
sujöhs quj jstf lje`f njspmjrtf jc dhs ehrfzhcjs nj
thnhs dhs quj lhrofohs pfrtj nj df Rjpñbdmef
Frgjctmcf.
=
 

Zc pheh nj `msthrmf
Df Rjvhduemõc nj Ofyh, heurrmnf jc 606;,
quj ehcsmgumõ jd [rmojr Ghbmjrch [ftrmh
[ftrmh ehc
df njsmgcfemõc nj df [rmojrf auctf, sj vmh
fojcfzfnf jc 606: phr df vujdtf fd ^rhch
njd rjy Ljrcfcnh \MM ehc mctjcemhcjs phr 
rjeupjrfr sus ehdhcmfs. Df smtufemõc ch jrf
fdjctfnhrf, dhs ohvmomjcths mcnjpjcnmstfs 
njsftfnhs jc htrhs dugfrjs nj Foírmef
`fbïfc smnh njrrhtfnhs phr dhs rjfdmstfs, y 
jsths njsnj jd Fdth [jrñ pjcsfbfc mcvfnmr 
cujstrh tjrrmthrmh.
Jc jstj jsejcfrmh, nhcnj fnjoæs jxmstïfc
nmljrjcemfss jctrj dfs prhvmcemfs njd mctjrmhr y 
nmljrjcemf
Bujchs Fmrjs, sj njemnj ehcvhefr f uc
Ehcgrjsh Gjcjrfd Ehcstmtuyjctj.
Jstj Ehcgrjsh tuvh su sjnj jc ^ueuoæc y 
jopjzõ f sjsmhcfr jd 2> nj ofrzh nj 606<.
@fstf fddï ddjgfrhc rjprjsjctfctjs nj thnfs 
dfs prhvmcemfs, jxejpth nj Ufctf Lj, Jctrj
Rïhs, Ehrrmjctjs y df Bfcnf Hrmjctfd, quj
njemnmjrhc ch jcvmfr rjprjsjctfctjs phr 
njsehchejr df futhrmnfn nj Bujchs Fmrjs.
Jc df fetufd Efsf @mstõrmef, quj phr 
jcthcejs jrf prhpmjnfn nj df sjöhrf
Lrfcemsef Bfzæc nj Dfgucf, jd = nj Audmh nj
606< dhs nmputfnhs prhedfofrhc df
Mcnjpjcnjcemf nj dfs [rhvmcemfs Zcmnfs nj
Uun Foírmef. Jsj nïf jd [rjsmnjctj njd 
Ehcgrjsh jrf Lrfcemseh Cfremsh nj Dfprmnf,
 y jd sjerjtfrmh, Aufc Ahsí [fsh,
[fsh, qumjc
 lhroudõ df `mstõrmef prjguctf1
"¸Vujríms quj dfs [rhvmcemfs nj df Zcmõc
sjfc ucf Cfemõc dmbrj j mcnjpjcnmjctj nj dhs 
rjyjs nj Jspföf y su ojtrõphdm8".
Dhs Ehcgrjsfdjs rjsphcnmjrhc quj sï y dujgh
uch phr uch strofrhc jd Fetf quj nmh
cfemomjcth f cujstrf [ft
[ftrmf.
rmf.

@hy ejdjbrfohs jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj jstf

Njedfrfemõc, ljstjafohs quj trfcseurrmjrhc
2;; föhs njsnj fqujd nïf jc quj ehojczfohs
f hrgfcmzfrchs ehoh pfïs. Umc dugfr f nunfs, jd
efomch ch `f smnh sjcemddh
s jcemddh y jc cujstrf `msthrmf
ehdjetmvf `fy tfcths femjrths ehoh jrrhrjs, pjrh
dh quj sï js emjrth js quj aucths, gjcjrfemõc trfs
gjcjrfemõc, lumohs trfzfcnh jd rjehrrmnh
busefcnh cujstrh prhpmh njstmch.

Jc cujstrf pægmcf wjb
www.jnmbf.eho jcehctrfræs fetmvmnfnjs
rjdfemhcfnfs ehc jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df
Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
Uugjrjcemfs fetmvmnfnjs prjvmfs fd feth1
󰁤 Hbsjrvfr dhs phstjrs > y : nhcnj sj pujnj vjr df jsejcf nj
dhs Ehcgrjsfdjs jc jd nïf nj df Njedfrfemõc nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
󰁤 Mnjctmstefr fdguchs njtfddjs nj fqujddf mofgjc1 ¸sj vjc shdh `hobrjs8
¸Vumícjs jrfc8 ¸Jstæc thnhs vjstmnhs nj mgufd lhrof8 ¸Jc quí dugfr jstæc8
¸Vuí jstæc `femjcnh8 ¸Vuí jstfræc nmemjcnh8
󰁤 Rjehpmdfr y djjr tjxths shbrj jd ehcgrjsh nj ^ueuoæc
^ueuoæc y jsermbmr uc
tjxth mclhroftmvh ehc dhs ehcejpths oæs mophrtfctjs.
Zcf pujrtf f df `msthrmf
󰁤 Njstmcfr ucf pfrjn njd fudf pfrf ehdhefr jstj põstjr. Rjfdmzfr ucf
pujrtf jc efrtudmcf y dhs dfnrmddhs quj smoudjc ucf pfrjn. ^hnhs dhs nïfs
mcvmtfr f dhs e`mehs f —jspmfr phr jsf pujrtf pfrf ehchejr uc pheh oæs njd
@mstõrmeh Ehcgrjsh‟.
Fdgucfs nj dfs fetmvmnfnjs quj sj pujnjc rjfdmzfr fd omrfr phr df —pujrtf
`mstõrmef‟1
󰁤 Ehchejr qumícjs jrfc dhs nmputfnhs quj rjprjsjctfbfc f efnf
prhvmcemf.
󰁤 Mcvjstmgfr quí htrhs tjofs mophrtfctjs trftõ jd Ehcgrjsh.
󰁤 Busefr y ehopfrtmr lrfsjs shbrj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf prhcucemfnfs phr dhs
prõejrjs oæs mophrtfctjs.
󰁤
󰁤
Djjr jd Fetf
Rjfdmzfr quj njd
nmbuahs rjnfetfrhc y strofrhc
Ehcgrjsh thofcnhdhs Ehcgrjsfdjs.
df jsejcf njd põstjr ehoh
ohnjdh.
Zc fetf y uc cujvh ehoprhomsh
󰁤 [rhphcjr df rjnfeemõc ehdjetmvf nj ucf cujvf fetf nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
jc df quj dhs e`mehs sj ehoprhojtfc f njljcnjrdf pfrf `fejr ucf [ftrmf
ojahr pfrf thnhs.
Jstf fetf sj phnræ djjr jd nïf njd feth shdjocj y sj phnræ shdmemtfr quj jd
pñbdmeh tfobmíc sj ehoprhojtf y ofcmstjstj su fn`jsmõc. [frf jsth, sj
pujnj `fejr emreudfr uc eufnjrch nhcnj sj jsermbf jd fetf rjnfetfnf phr
dhs e`mehs jc jd fudf, pfrf quj thnhs tjcgfc hphrtucmnfn nj strofrdf.
\fdhrjs
\fdhrjs phr df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
Fsï ehoh fqujddhs Ehcgrjsfdjs, gumfnhs phr dhs vfdhrjs nj dmbjrtfn j
mcnjpjcnjcemf, nmjrhc cfemomjcth f cujstrf [ftrmf, chshtrhs jc df
fetufdmnfn njbjohs sjgumr ehcstruyjcnh uc pfïs ojahr efnf nïf. F trfvís
nj jstf fetmvmnfn dhs mcvmtfohs f rjfljxmhcfr ehc dhs e`mehs y sus lfomdmfs
shbrj euædjs shc fqujddhs vfdhrjs quj chs fyunfc f lhrtfdjejr cujstrf
[ftrmf.
󰁤 Jcvmfr f dfs lfomdmfs ucf tfrajtf nhcnj sj pdfctjj df smgumjctj prjguctf
pfrf rjsphcnjr aucths1
¸Euædjs shc dhs vfdhrjs quj dhs emunfnfchs njbjc prfetmefr pfrf `fejr uc
ojahr pfïs8
󰁤 Dfs rjspujstfs jcvmfnfs sj djjræc jc su thtfdmnfn, pfrf quj dhs cmöhs
pujnfc rjehchejr fqujddhs vfdhrjs quj sj rjpmtjc phrquj shc ehcsmnjrfnhs
mophrtfctjs pfrf thnhs.
󰁤 Ehcvjrsfr shbrj jd smgcmstefnh nj dhs vfdhrjs ojcemhcfnhs j mctjctfr
—ddjværsjdhs‟ f dhs e`mehs f smtufemhcjs ehcerjtfs y ehtmnmfcfs. [hr
jajopdh, jd vfdhr njd pftrmhtmsoh sj prfetmef eufcnh sj rjspjtfc dhs
sïobhdhs pftrmhs9 jd vfdhr nj df shdmnfrmnfn, eufcnh shohs efpfejs nj nfr df
rhpf quj yf ch usfohs f dfs pjrshcfs quj oæs dh cjejsmtfc, jteítjrf.
Ehoh emjrrj nj jstf fetmvmnfn, efnf jstunmfctj pujnj rjfdmzfr tfrajtfs y
nmbuahs rjljrmnhs fd tjof pfrf rjgfdærsjdhs f sus lfomdmfs.
66

G sfs
F nhsemjcths föhs nj `fbjr grmtfnh fd
oucnh jctjrh quj qujrïfohs sjr
dmbrjs j mcnjpjcnmjctjs nj thnf
nhomcfemõc jxtrfcajrf, chs
jcehctrfohs jc jstj feth pfrf
ejdjbrfr aucths jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj
cujstrf Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
Jstj fehctjemomjcth sjræ mobhrrfbdj
jc dfs trfyjethrmfs jsehdfrjs nj dhs
cmöhs. Chs `johs prhpujsth quj dh
vmvfc ehc mctjcsmnfn y smjctfc su
`mstõrmef ofgcmtun, ehc jd prhpõsmth
nj quj jc jd luturh sjf rjehrnfnh phr
jddhs ehc df mophrtfcemf quj ojrjej.
62
Mzfr df Bfcnjrf
Ehojczfohs jstj feth `mstõrmeh,
Cfemhcfd Frgjctmch y quj rjsujcj jc
thnf df jseujdf.
mcvmtfcnh f dhs cmöhs nj
grfnh pfrf quj mejc df Bfcnjrf nj
[fdfbrfs fdusmvfs
cujstrh pfïs `fstf dh oæs fdth njd oæstmd
nj df jseujdf. Jd sjctmomjcth nj Mcnjpjcnjcemf quj
jxmstïf jc 606< luj erjemjcnh `fstf
ddjgfr f cujstrhs nïfs. Ch luj uc efomch
Jctrfnf nj df Bfcnjrf nj
læemd cm dmgjrh. ^hnh
^hnh dh ehctrfrmh. Dh
Ejrjohcmf mophrtfctj js rjehchejr jd jslujrzh quj
Chs phcjohs nj pmj y rjembmohs f df dhs frgjctmchs `johs `je`h
Bfcnjrf nj Ejrjohcmf omjctrfs `mstõrmefojctj phr sjr uc pfïs
jseue`fohs . shbjrfch.
Jc jstf hphrtucmnfn, jd fbfcnjrfnh js Df sjöhrmtf chs trfcsomtmræ ucf
y dhs jsehdtfs shc . rjfljxmõc pfrf thnhs dhs prjsjctjs quj
sj ehcvjrtmræ jc jd djof quj njsjfohs
@moch Cfemhcfd trfcsomtmr jc jstj nïf tfc jspjemfd.
Fsï ehoh dhs `hobrjs nj 606< sj
ucmjrhc pfrf nfr jd mophrtfctj Cñojrhs
—¡Uï!‟ quj rjshcõ jc thnh jd Jc tmjophs yf
Ehcgrjsh, dhs mcvmth f quj chs ouy rjohths,
ucfohs pfrf efctfr jd @moch fddæ jc jd grfc
 

^ueuoæc, ddjgfrhc dhs ehcgrjsfdjs f df efsf
nj Bfzæc.
\jcïfc nj thnhs dfnhs, vmfafrhc oue`h
tmjoph, phr tjopjrfturfs ouy lrïfs y
efomchs phdvhrmjcths.
Njbftmjrhc jctrj thnhs mcnjpjcnmzfrsj
nj Jspföf, ghbjrcfrsj
ghbjrcfrsj phr sï shdhs sjsj
pdfctjfbf ehoh `fzföf.
Zc ofrtjs = nj audmh, nj ucf tfrnj ouy
shdjfnf, df rjucmõc yf tjromcfbf jctrj
bfmdjs y pfyfnfs.
@fej yf 2;; föhs nj fqujddf gjstf
gdhrmhsf, ehoprhomsh, dmbjrtfn, jc jsf
tfrnj nme`hsf.
Fd jseue`fr df chtmemf, df gjctj ddjgõ fd
dugfr, dh quj `fbïf suejnmnh ch sj phnïf
heudtfr.
Fdjgrïf, ljdmemnfn, ¡dfs prhvmcemfs dh
dhgrfrhc!
] jd sujöh nj mcnjpjcnjcemf jsf che`j
ljstjafrhc.
Dhs jstunmfctjs nj [rmojr Emedh `fc prjpfrfnh
(Rjfdmzfr df prhpujstf quj prjsjctfohs jc df rjvmstf.)
[fdfbrfs nj df nmrjethrf
Df sjöhrf nmrjethrf thofræ df pfdfbrf pfrf quj aucths
phnfohs rjfljxmhcfr shbrj
s hbrj cujstrh —sjr mcnjpjcnmjctj‟.
mcnjpjcnmjctj‟.
Rjtmrh nj df Bfcnjrf nj Ejrjohcmf
Ljdmemtfcnh fd fbfcnjrfnh y f dhs jsehdtfs, njspjnmohs f
df Bfcnjrf nj Ejrjohcmf.
Njspjnmnf
Ehoh ehoucmnfn, `johs ejdjbrfnh jd sjr
mcnjpjcnmjctjs bfah df jspjrfczf nj sjgumr erjemjcnh
ehoh Cfemõc.
Grfemfs f thnhs dhs prjsjctjs phr
ehopfrtmr jstj mophrtfctj nïf nj df
`msthrmf cfemhcfd. ¡\mvf df [ftrmf,
frgjctmchs! ¡\mvf jd dugfr nhcnj `fej
2;; föhs sj njedfrõ df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
cfemhcfd!

[fdf rfs fdusmv

fdusmvfs
fs
Vujrmnf ehoucmnfn jnueftmvf1
Ehc df ofyhr oujstrf nj vfdjctïf y ehrfaj, fqujddhs
pftrmhtfs nj 606< njemnmjrhc rhopjr ehc jd nhomcmh
jspföhd quj phr smgdhs `hstmgfbf jstfs tmjrrfs. ] luj fsï 
ehoh jd Ehcgrjsh nj ^ueuoæc njedfrõ —shdjocjojctj f
df lfz nj df ^mjrrf, quj js vhductfn ucæcmoj j mcnubmtfbdj
nj jstfs prhvmcemfs, rhopjr dhs vmhdjcths vïceudhs quj
dfs dmgfbfc f dhs rjyjs nj Jspföf, rjeupjrfr dhs
njrje`hs nj quj lujrhc njsphafnfs j mcvjstmrsj njd fdth
efræetjr nj Cfemõc dmbrj j mcnjpjcnmjctj‟.
Jstf fstrofemõc cfemõ ehc jd oæs vmghrhsh njsjh nj
ehojczfr f nfr pfshs jc phs nj df ehclhrofemõc nj uc
tjrrmthrmh shbjrfch, jc uc ehctjxth shemheudturfd quj dh
pjnïf f grmths.
F nhsemjcths föhs nj fqujddf trfsejcnjctfd njemsmõc
njbjohs rjfljxmhcfr shbrj thnh dh vmvmnh rjseftfcnh dhs
vfdhrjs quj jd prjsjctj rjqumjrj. Fstrojohs, ucf vjz oæs,
quj shohs frgjctmchs efpfejs nj phcjr dh ojahr nj efnf
uch pfrf quj cujstrh pfïs sjf fqujd
fq ujd dugfr prõspjrh nj dmbjrtfn j
mctjgrmnfn quj shöfrhc dhs pftrmhtfs nj 606<.
Ehcshdmnjohs df dmbjrtfn, df rjsphcsfbmdmnfn y jd jajrememh nj
cujstrhs njbjrjs eïvmehs nj ofcjrf rjspjtuhsf, pfrtmempftmvf y
shdmnfrmf, sfbmjcnh quj qujnf oue`h phr `fejr phr cujstrf
qujrmnf Frgjctmcf. 65
 

Jsejchgrflïf
Jsejchgrflïf11 jc jd ejctrh Nhöf Lrfcemsef Bfzæc nj Dfgucf sj jceujctrf jc df
njd jsejcfrmh, df Efsf  pujrtf, y efnf vjz quj uc ehcgrjsfd pfsf njdfctj, fobhs sj
@mstõrmef y ucf efddj tïpmef sfdunfc, íd sfeæcnhsj su gfdjrf
g fdjrf y jddf thoæcnhsj jd vjstmnh
nj df íphef ehdhcmfd9 jc  y `femjcnh ucf rjvjrjcemf.
rjvjrjcemf.
uch nj dhs rmcehcjs, uc Eufcnh jd rjdfthr tjromcf nj `fbdfr
`fbdfr,, dhs ehcgrjsfdjs sj
ubmefc njtræs nj df efsf y df sjöhrf Bfzæc sj rjtmrf njd
ehde`õc tfpfnh ehc
jsejcfrmh.
fdgucf ofctf nj dfcf.
Rjdfthr
[jrshcfajs1 Ujrjch,
Jsj nïf Ujrjch `fbïf dhgrfnh sfdmr nj df `fbmtfemõc
nhöf ^hofsf,
^hofsf, nhöf
y, eufcnh yf jstfbf jc jd pftmh, jseue`õ ucf
Hdjgfrmf, nhc ^jhnhrh,
mophrtfctj ehcvjrsfemõc jctrj nhc ^jhnhrh, jd
Ufejrnhtj [jnrh Omgujd
nujöh nj efsf, y uc sfejrnhtj ddfofnh [jnrh Omgujd
Fræhz, nhöf Lrfcemsef
Fræhz, quj jrf rjprjsjctfctj phr ^ueuoæc jc Jsj
Bfzæc nj Dfgucf, ehcgrjsfdjs,
Ehcgrjsh. ¡Fdgh mophrtfctj mbf f heurrmr... y Ujrjch
fdguchs vjcnjnhrjs fobudfctjs y
jstfbf nmspujsth f fvjrmgufrdh!
cmöhs fetufdjs.
Rjdfthr Mcgrjsfc jc jsejcf nhc ^jhnhrh y jd sfejrnhtj, rjehrrjc jd
Ujrjch jrf jd `mah nj ^hofsf.
^hofsf. Eufcnh ddjgfbf df `hrf nj nhromr jsejcfrmh y smoudfc jstfr ofctjcmjcnh ucf ehcvjrsfemõc.
Dhs nhs sj rjtmrfc njd dugfr.
df smjstf, smjoprj sj jcejrrfbfc jc df `fbmtfemõc nj df
sjrvmnuobrj, shbrj thnh pfrf ch `fejr rumnh y ohdjstfr f dhs
Rjdfthr
pftrhcemths.
Omjctrfs Ujrjch rjehrnfbf, sus hahs rjnhcnhs y
Nhöf ^hofsf
^hofsf jc gjcjrfd fprhvje`fbf f `fejr df dmopmjzf, y
brmddhshs ehoh nhs fejmtucfs cjgrfs sj lujrhc nfcnh
Ujrjch rjzhcgfbf, phrquj jc vjz nj nhromr, qujrïf augfr.
augfr. Umc
phr vjcemnhs, y jc uc ohojcth jd
jobfrgh, jstf vjz, thnh jrf nmljrjctj… Ujrjch
Ujrjch jstfbf
cmöh sj qujnõ nhromnh.
efcsfnh. Omjctrfs su ofnrj djvfctfbf phdvmddh y sj
jseue`fbf jd pmfch quj thefbf nhöf Hdjgfrmf,
Ujrjch ehojczõ f rjehrnfr dh quj dj `fbïf
pfsfnh…
Jc df jsejcf sj vj f nhöf ^hofsf quj bfrrj df
`fbmtfemõc y f Ujrjch quj ddjgf efomcfcnh y sj smjctf
shbrj jd ehde`õc quj sj jceujctrf jc jd pmsh eubmjrth
ehc ucf ofctf. Ujrjch bhstjzf. Nj lhcnh sj jseue`f
uc omcuí mctjrprjtfnh phr uc pmfch.
Uj fpfgfc dfs duejs. Nhöf ^hofsf
^hofsf sfdj nj jsejcf.

Rjdfthr
^ueuoæc jrf uc dugfr sjrjch, tfc sjrjch ehoh
jd chobrj njd `mah nj nhöf ^hofsf,
^hofsf, pjrh njsnj
njs nj
`feïf uc tmjoph sj chtfbf jc jd fobmjctj uc
ohvmomjcth nmstmcth. Zchs ojsjs ftræs `fbïfc ddjgfnh
rjprjsjctfctjs nj fdgucfs prhvmcemfs pfrf rjucmrsj jc
uc Ehcgrjsh y thofr njemsmhcjs mophrtfctjs.
mophr tfctjs. ^hnh
^hnh
jsth heurrïf jc df efsf nj df sjöhrf Lrfcemsef Bfzæc nj
Dfgucf, ucf ouajr quj pjrtjcjeïf f ucf mophrtfctj
lfomdmf njd dugfr
du gfr..
Jc df jsejcf sj vj f Ujrjch quj smguj sjctfnh shbrj jd ehde`õc jc
fetmtun nj jstfr rjehrnfcnh y f fdguchs cmöhs efrfetjrmzfnhs
e frfetjrmzfnhs ehoh
ehcgrjsfdjs quj mcgrjsfc fd jsejcfrmh jc efbfddhs, efrrjtfs h
nmdmgjcemfs.

6>
 

Jc jsejcf sj vj quj
Ujrjch sj feujstf y su ofnrj, nhöf ^hofsf, dh tfpf. Uj vujdvj f
fpfgfr df duz njd jsejcfrmh. Eufcnh sj jcemjcnj, jd ehde`õc smguj
jc jd dugfr nj fctjs, ehoh sm Ujrjch smgumjrf nuromjcnh jc íd, fsï 
jd pjrshcfaj pujnj sjgumr fetufcnh.

Rjdfthr
Ujrjch, smc nunfrdh, ehojczõ f pjrsjgumr fd `hobrj
nj df shtfcf.
shtfcf . Dfs efddjs nj ^ueuoæc jstfbfc
jobfrrfnfs, vjcnjnhrjs fobudfctjs mbfc nj uc
dugfr f htrh, efrrjtfs quj pfsfbfc, efbfddjrhs
quj ehrrïfc. ¡Jrf thnh ouy rfrh! ^ueuoæc
smjoprj jstfbf sjrjch, tfc sjrjch ehoh su
chobrj. Ch `fbïf nunfs1 ¡fdgh
mophrtfctj jstfbf phr heurrmr!

Jc jsejcf sj vj f Ujrjch quj efomcf

njtræs njd rjdmgmhsh. ^fobmíc `fy
vjcnjnhrjs fobudfctjs quj rjehrrj
rjehrrjc
c jd
jsejcfrmh9 dhs ehcgrjsfdjs, phr su
 pfrtj, sj nmrmgjc `femf df Efsf
@mstõrmef. Omjctrfs jd rjdfthr 
ehctmcñf su rjdfth, dhs pjrshcfajs sj
vfc fehohnfcnh nj jspfdnfs fd
 pñbdmeh, lrjctj f df Efsf nj
^ueuoæc y Ujrjch
U jrjch sj ubmef
smoudfcnh jstfr omrfcnh `femf
fnjctrh njsnj ucf vjctfcf.

Rjdfthr
Ujrjch, quj nj
sjrjch shdh tjcïf jd
chobrj, `fbïf
dhgrfnh `fejrsj
pfsh jctrj df gjctj y
jstfbf ehdgfnh nj df
vjctfcf, eufcnh
njsnj jd mctjrmhr nj df
efsf sj jseue`õ njemr1

6:
 

Ehcgrjsfd jch fprhvje`f pfr f

Df duz sj fpfgf y Ujr jch ^hnhs dhs cmöhs sj thofc nj dfs
"¸Vujríms quj dfs [rhvmcemfs nj df fehstfr sj
sj cujvfojctj jc jd ehde`õc. ofchs, dfs djvfctfc y grmtfc1
Zcmõc sjfc ucf Cfemõc dmbrj j Eufcnh sj mduomcf cujvfojctj jsejcfrmh,
cujvfojctj jd jsejcfrmh,
Ujrjch
Ujrjc h sj njspmjrtf y sj njspjrjzf.
¡Uï, qujrjohs!
mcnjpjcnmjctj nj dhs rjyjs nj Jspföf
y su ojtrõphdm8"
Rjdfthr Dujgh, phr turchs, fdguchs cmöhs
Dhs cmöhs quj sj jceujctrfc njtræs nj njspjrtõ, y jc su rhstrh sj
Ujrjch sj njspjrtõ, fetufdjs nmejc1
df Efsf @mstõrmef grmtfc aucths1 quj oujstrf thnhs sus
vj ucf shcrmsf quj Vujrjohs uc pfïs oæs austh.
bdfcehs quj df dje`j. Df
nmjctjs oæs bdfcehs
¡Uï, qujrjohs! smnh uc sujöh
Mcnjpjcnjcemf `fbïf smnh
Vujrjohs sjr ojahrjs
Rjdfthr `hobrjs jc
pfrf oue`hs, pjrh jshs `hobrjs efnf nïf.
^hnhs jshs `hobrjs, `fbïfc dhgrfnh ehcsjgumnh `fejrdf
jsj dugfr `fbïfc ehcsjgumnh `fejrdf Vujrjohs njljcnjr
phcjrsj nj feujrnh y njedfrfrhc df rjfdmnfn. cujstrf dmbjrtfn y
Mcnjpjcnjcemf nj cujstrf Cfemõc fd cujstrf Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
oucnh jctjrh. jctrfr f
^hnhs dhs pjrshcfajs vujdvjc f jctrfr
jsejcf nj df ofch nj uc cmöh fetufd. Vujrjohs uc prjsjctj nj
Jc jsejcf sj vj quj Ujrjch sj nf vujdtf y bmjcjstfr pfrf thnhs.
omrf fd pujbdh quj sj jceujctrf lrjctj f df Jd rjdfthr ehctmcñf1 Vujrjohs vmvmr jc pfz.
efsf nj ^ueuoæc. Nhc ^jhnhrh, su ouajr y njsnj fqujd =
@hy pfsfrhc 2;; föhs njsnj
nhöf ^hofsf jstæc tfobmíc jctrj dfs nj dhs quj
nj Audmh nj 606<. Efnf uch nj dhs
Vujrjohs njafr cujstrf
 pjrshcfs jspjrfcnh lujrf nj df efsf. jstfohs fquï tjcjohs jd prmvmdjg mhmh nj `ujddf, ehoh fqujddhs
phnjr
ph njr vmvmr jd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df `hobrjs nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
Nhc ^jhnhrh nmej1
Njedfrfemõc
Njedf rfemõc nj cujstrf
¡\mvf df [ftrmf! Mcnjpjcnjcemf.
Mcnjpjc njcemf. Rjdfthr
Uu ouajr nmej1 @hy, fqujddhs
fqujddhs pftrmhtfs quj lhrafrhc Hrguddhshs phnjohs mrchs f efsf
dhs emomjcths nj df Cfemõc chs f sjgumr ljstjafcnh, phrquj jstj
¡Vuj vmvf df Mcnjpjcnjcemf! ehcvhefc f rjchvfr
rjchvfr jd ehoprhomsh Bmejctjcfrmh js ucf jxpjrmjcemf
Omjctrfs ejdjbrfc, thnhs dhs ehc cujstrf qujrmnf Frgjctmcf.
qujrmnf Frgjctmcf. [hr
pjrshcfajs smgujc nmemjcnh1 jsh nhsemjcths föhs njspuís
njspuís jstfohs ñcmef quj njafræ
ucf `ujddf jc efnf frgjctmch
tfc mophrtfctj ehoh df
¡\mvf! ¡\mvf! ¡Uhohs fquï rjucmnhs pfrf phnjr thofrchs nj quj chshtrhs njafrjohs pfrf
mcnjpjcnmjctjs! dfs ofchs y grmtfr1 cujstrf [ftrmf.

6<
 

67

Emomjcths nj Mcnjpjcnjce m 
m f
Uhbrj jd ejctrh njd jsejcfrmh,
ucf Efsf nj ^ueuoæc
^ueuoæc rjfdmzfnf
ehc fdguchs trfzhs.
Dhs jstunmfctjs uch f uch
mcgrjsfc ehc djtrjrhs jc sus
ofchs y sj ubmefc jc nmljrjctjs
pucths njd jsejcfrmh (sj sugmjrj
ousmefdmzfr ehc jd tjof jdjgmnh pfrf jd
Bmejctjcfrmh nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf, phr
jajopdh, —Auctfrchs‟ nj Due`h @hyhs, h uch
smomdfr).
Zc jstunmfctj fd lrjctj jxphcj df
606< y nmej1
pfdfbrf
Jrf 606<, shcfbfc efcnhobjs y omcuí,
dhs ourhs nj ucf Efsmtf
Efsmtf lujrhc tjstmghs
sjerjths nj dh quj mbf f suejnjr.
60
Htrh jstunmfctj fgrjgf jd djtrjrh nj
JULZJRQH y nmej1
Dfs vjctfcmtfs nj rjafs y dfs tjafs nj
dhs tje`hs lujrhc gufrnmfcfs njd sujöh
ehcsjgumnh ehc jslujrzh.
 F ojnmnf quj rjemtfc
rjemtfc dhs vjrshs, vfc
ehdhefcnh dfs pfdfbrfs shbrj df Efsmtf nj
^ueuoæc.
Ujgumnfojctj, htrh jstunmfctj ehc df
 pfdfbrf DMBJR
DMBJR^^FN nmej1
Df vhejs `feïfc jeh, augfcnh jctrj dhs
sfdhcjs,
fcsmfs njflujrf grmtfbf uc pujbdh ehc
dmbjrtfn.
 Aucth f df pfdfbrf GRFCNJQF, htrh
pfdfbrf GRFCNJQF,
cmöh fgrjgf1
 

@fy quj sjr mcnjpjcnmjctjs, sj hïf phr dhs rmcehcjs.

Df grfcnjzf nj fqujd nïf cfnmj df pujnj hdvmnfr.
 Fctjs nj ehctmcufr
ehctmcufr ehc dhs vjrshs uc
uc gruph nj jstunmfctjs fgrjgfræ oæs efrtjdjs jc
nmljrjctjs tfoföhs ehopdjtfcnh dhs ourhs nj df Efsmtf1 Mcnjpjcnjcemf, Bmejctjcfrmh,
^ueuoæc, Ehoprhomsh, Uhbjrfcïf, 2;; föhs, jteítjrf.
Ehctmcñfc
Ehctmcñf c uch f uch rjemtfcnh y ehdhefcnh dhs efrtjdjs1

Uj euopdjc 2;; FÖHU nj uc efomch shbjrfch, nj uc mnjfd quj shöfrhc

UFC OFR^ÏC y jd grfc BJDGRFCH, njd EHO[RHOMUH
EHO[RHOMUH fnqumrmnh jc df Efsf
^ueuofcf
^ueuofcf pfrf efnf uch nj dhs `mahs nj jstf tmjrrf tfc fofnf.
Jc fqujd EHCGRJUH NJ ^ZEZOÆC sj erjfrhc dhs emomjcths nj jstf
[FEhc
^RMF
RJU[J^H
MCNJ[JCNMJC^J.
y UHDMNFRMNFN ehcstruyfohs uc pfïs pfrf thnf cujstrf gjctj.
^hnhs jctrjdfzfnh
jctrjdfzfnhss jxedfofc aucths1
¡Njajohs nj dfnh dfs
d fs nmljrjcemfs!
nmljrjcemfs!
¡\mvf cujstrf Mcnjpjcnjc
Mcnjpjcnjcemf!
emf!
¡\mvf df [ftrmf! 6=

Df Efsmtf nj ^ueuoæc y su lfe`fnf
Df smgumjctj prhpujstf sj nmvmnj jc nhs pfrtjs1 ucf pfrtj
tíecmef, quj sujdj gjcjrfr oue`h fshobrh f dhs jstunmfctjs9
df htrf pfrtj nj hbsjrvfemõc y sjdjeemõc, jc df quj sj
rjprhnuemræc dhs jdjojcths frqumtjetõcmehs nj df Efsf nj
^ueuoæc.
Jc prmcempmh, `fræ lfdtf njseubrmr y nhomcfr df pfrtj tíecmef
pfrf dujgh njsfrrhddfr bmjc jd jajrememh nj hbsjrvfemõc.
Df tíecmef
[rmojrh, sj `fræc ehddfgjs ehc eufnrfnhs nj pfpjd erjpí nj
ehdhrjs shbrj rjehrtjs nj efrtudmcf h eufdqumjr pfpjd
2;
bdfceh. Dujgh, phr jcemof nj nme`h ehddfgj , efnf jstunmfctj
jsermbmræ su chobrj ehc `mshphs h pmcejdjs stchs jobjbmnhs
jc dfvfcnmcf (phnræ utmdmzfrsj dfvfcnmcf jc gjd). Ujræ ouy
mophrtfctj quj df dfvfcnmcf sjf ehdhefnf jc ouy phefs
efctmnfnjs y jc rjempmjctjs ehc ouy bujcf bfsj. [frf jddh, sj
rjehomjcnf utmdmzfr dfs bfcnjafs njsefrtfbdjs rjetfcgudfrjs nj
pdæstmeh h tæpjrjs bfamths nj bhef fce`f. Fnjoæs, sj utmdmzfræ
uc rjempmjctj pfrf ehopfrtmr jc rhcnfs nj 5 h > jstunmfctjs.
Df hbsjrvfemõc y df sjdjeemõc
Zcf vjz nhomcfnf df tíecmef, sj `fræ df prhpujstf nj
hbsjrvfemõc, pfrf df eufd efnf gruph cjejsmtfræ nmsphcjr nj
 

ucf lhthehpmf nj df Efsmtf nj ^ueuoæc.

^ueuoæc.
Efnf mctjgrfctj njd gruph jdjgmræ quí
jdjojcth frqumtjetõcmeh nj nme`f Efsf

qujrræ rjprhnuemr
[hr ñdtmoh, ehc dfdhs
jctj thnhs tíecmef fctjrmhr.
mctjgrfctjs
njd gruph, sjdjeemhcfræc dfs ojahrjs
rjprjsjctfemhcjs nj dfs pfrtjs nj df
Efsmtf y dfs ohctfræc shbrj ucf
efrtudmcf nj ehdhr aucth ehc sus chobrjs
pfrf jxphcjr jc ucf pfrjn njd fudf.
Cjejsmtfrjohs1 lhthehpmf nj df Efsmtf nj
^ueuoæc, efrtudmcf bdfcef y nj ehdhr, pfpjd
erjpí nj ehdhrjs, pjgfojcth, dfvfcnmcf,
rjempmjctjs nj bhef fce`f y nmfrmhs, `mshphs
h pmcejdjs stchs.

Nïf nj df Ehcsjrvfemõc
njd Uujdh
[frf jstf lje`f
lje`f prhphcjohs mcvjctfr pjrshcfajs
bmhnjgrfnfbdjs, smomdfrjs f dhs smjtj jcfcmths nj
Bdfcefcmjvjs h f dhs omcmhcs nj Gru, quj jc su ehcaucth
rjprjsjctfræc f dhs fyunfctjs nj df [fe`fofof.
F jsths pjrshcfajs fyunfctjs nj df [fe`fofof, sj djs phcnræ uc chobrj Zcf vjz sjef df ghof nj pjgfr
pjg fr,, dhs jstunmfctjs
jctrj thnhs. [hr jd ohojcth, dhs ddfofrjohs —[rhtjethrjs njd sujdh‟ h jsermbmræc njd dfnh nj ftræs
ftræs njd tubh dfdf omsmõc
—[rhtjethrjs nj df ^mjrrf‟. njd pjrshcfaj9 phr jajopdh1 prhtjgjr jd fguf, dfs
[frf rjfdmzfr efnf —prhtjethr njd sujdh‟,
sujdh‟, prmojrh, dhs jstunmfctjs fpdfstfræc sjomddfs y dhs lruths, jte. Dujgh, dhs prhtjethrjs
uc rhyh nj ehemcf h nj pfpjd `mgmícmeh pfrf lfemdmtfr df ofcmpudfemõc. Dujgh, nj df tmjrrf sjræc —pujsths nj pmj‟ jc uc rmceõc
ehc jd tubh fehstfnh shbrj ucf `haf nj nmfrmh, dj e`hrrjfræc dïcjfs nj ghof ehc pdfctfs h shbrj df tmjrrf, pfrf quj nj
nj pjgfr f dfs quj dj pjgfræc, jc lhrof nj dduvmf, sjomddfs, ejrjfdjs, yjrbf, ofcjrf smobõdmef eumnjc cujstrh sujdh.
frjcf, fzñefr y htrhs jdjojcths jxtrfïnhs nj df tmjrrf. ^fobmíc dj pjgfræc Fsmomsoh, phnræc sjr ehdhefnhs f df mctjopjrmj
`hafs, rfomtfs y thnh fqujddh cfturfd quj `fyfc rjehdjetfnh jc jd sujdh y pfrf quj ehc jd tmjoph vujdvfc f df tmjrrf, smc
quj ehdfbhrj ehc dfs pfrtjs njd eujrph nj efnf pjrshcfaj. ehctfomcfrdf, nj lhrof cfturfd, yf quj lujrhcl ujrhc
[frf nfr jd thquj stcfd f efnf sjr, sj dj `fræ df efrf
efr f nmbuaæcnhdf `je`hs ehc oftjrmfdjs bmhnjgrfnfbdjs.
nmrjetfojctj shbrj jd efrtõc h jc ucf `haf fpfrtj, nmbuaæcnhdf, Cjejsmtfrjohs1 rhyhs nj ehemcf h pfpjd
rjehrtæcnhdf y pjgæcnhsjdf. [frf `fejr df efrf, js mophrtfctj quj dhs `mgmícmeh, ghof nj pjgfr,
p jgfr, sjomddfs, ejrjfdjs,
jstunmfctjs sjpfc quj eufdqumjr hbajth quj tjcgf fd ojchs uc hah, sj yjrbf, frjcf, `hafs, rfomtfs y htrhs jdjojcths
ehcvmjrtj futhoætmefojctj, pfrf cujstrf omrfnf, jc uc sjr h uc pjrshcfaj. cfturfdjs jxtrfïnhs njd sujdh, stbrfs y nmfrmh.

26

Ehc ohtmvh nj dhs ljstjahs njd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df
Njedfrfemõc nj cujstrf Mcnjpjcnjcemf, jc dfs
jseujdfs nj thnh jd pfïs, ofjstrhs y jstunmfctjs `fc
njnmefnh df prmojrf pfrtj njd emedh djetmvh f fbhrnfr
jstj tjof, njsnj vfrmfnhs prhyjeths pdfctjfnhs f
pfrtmr nj dhs nmstmcths jspfemhs eurrmeudfrjs,
eurrmeudfrjs, y jstj
ojs ddjgõ jd ohojcth nj shemfdmzfr jd rjsudtfnh nj
tfcth jslujrzh y njnmefemõc.
Jc jstf hphrtucmnfn djs hlrjejohs, ehoh
sugjrjcemf, jd frofnh nj ucf gfdjrïf, quj js
uc jspfemh nhcnj dhs e`mehs pujnfc jxphcjr  lhrtfdjejr df Cfemõc y ojahrfc df vmnf nj dfs pjrshcfs.
sus prhnueemhcjs, ehc df mctjcemõc nj quj htrhs
omjobrhs nj df ehoucmnfn jnueftmvf pujnfc
ehchejrdfs.
22
Njafcnh `ujddfs jc df `msthrmf
Jd = nj Audmh nj 606<, f pjsfr nj dfs nmsteudtfnjs y nj df smtufemõc lrjctj
f dhs rjfdmstfs, jsths `hobrjs y htrhs grfcnjs prõejrjs ehcsmgumjrhc
njedfrfr df Mcnjpjcnjcemf pfrf phnjr ehojczfr f hrgfcmzfrchs ehoh
pfïs. Jd djgfnh quj jddhs chs njafrhc luj tfc mophrtfctj quj 2;; föhs
njspuís sjgumohs ejdjbræcnhdh.
Jc df fetufdmnfn, efnf frgjctmch tfobmíc pujnj njafr su `ujddf njsnj
su `msthrmf pjrshcfd, pfrf tjcjr uc ojahr pfïs. Rjspjtfr fd vjemch, sjr
`hcjsth h eumnfr dhs jspfemhs pñbdmehs shc feemhcjs ehtmnmfcfs quj
pujnjc pfsfr njsfpjrembfs, pjrh quj smc nunfs ehctrmbuyjc f
Jc uc sjethr nj df gfdjrïf phnjohs jxphcjr uc grfc ourfd nhcnj sj
hbsjrvj jd nmbuah nj uc ærbhd ehc sus rfofs. Dfs pjrshcfs quj vmsmtjc df
oujstrf, fd pfsfr lrjctj fd ourfd, phnræc njafr su `ujddf jc jd ærbhd.
 

Jc cujstrf pægmcf wjb  www.jnmbf.eho

jcehctrfræs fetmvmnfnjs rjdfemhcfnfs ehc
df gfdjrïf njd Bmejctjcfrmh nj df
Mcnjpjcnjcemf.

Uugjrjcemf nj fetmvmnfnjs
󰁤 Jsermbmr ucf efrtf f dfs futhrmnfnjs nj df jseujdf pfrf mclhrofrdjs quj sj ddjvfræ
f efbh jd ohctfaj nj ucf gfdjrïf pfrf ucf jxphsmemõc y shdmemtfrdjs quj phcgf f
nmsphsmemõc uch nj dhs jspfemhs ehoucjs nj df mcstmtuemõc nhcnj phnjr frofrdf.
󰁤 Jdjgmr jctrj thnhs, phr vhtfemõc,
v htfemõc, quí chobrj ddjvfræ df gfdjrïf njd
n jd Bmejctjcfrmh.
Jdjgmr df lje`f jc quj sj mcfugurfræ jc df jseujdf y sj rjfdmzfræ jd ehrtj nj emctfs
ehrrjsphcnmjctj.
󰁤 Df gfdjrïf phnræ sjr vmsmtfnf, prmojrh, phr htrhs e`mehs nj df jseujdf y, njspuís,

phr dhs lfomdmfrjs nj dhs fduochs. [rjpfrfr dfs mcvmtfemhcjs pfrf rjpfrtmrdfs jc df
jseujdf y jc dhs `hgfrjs.

¸Vuí ph johs jxphcjr

jxphcjr jc df gfdjrïf8
󰁤 [rhnueemhcjs frtïstmefs rjfdmzfnfs phr dhs e`mehs1 nmbuahs utmdmzfcnh nmljrjctjs

tíecmefs y oftjrmfdjs, ofqujtfs jc trjs nmojcsmhcjs nj df Efsf @mstõrmef, gruddfs

rjfdmzfnfs ehc dhs ehdhrjs nj df Bfcnjrf y fehopföfnfs phr lrfsjs jsermtfs phr dhs
cmöhs y sus lfomdmfs, ourfdjs nhcnj dhs e`mehs jxprjsjc sus mnjfs lrjctj f jstj
mctjrrhgfctj1 ¸phr quí js mophrtfctj sjr mcnjpjcnmjctjs8
󰁤 Oftjrmfd nj hrcfojctfemõc1 bfcnjrmcjs y gumrcfdnfs fdusmvhs fd tjof, bhrdfs

rjfdmzfnfs ehc emctfs y dfcfs ehc dhs ehdhrjs ejdjstj y bdfceh, efrtjdjs, gdhbhs
njehrfnhs, gufrnfs pfrf dfs pfrjnjs y nmbuahs rjfdmzfnhs jc lfomdmf.
󰁤
nj Nheuojcths `mstõrmehs1 jctrj jddhs jd oæs mophrtfctj, jd Fetf nj
df Mcnjpjcnjcemf. n j df Njedfrfemõc
󰁤 Moægjcjs njd Ehcgrjsh rjehpmdfnfs nj dmbrhs, rjvmstfs j Mctjrcjt, y nj df Efsf

@mstõrmef.
󰁤 Rjtrfths nj dhs Ehcgrjsfdjs, sus chobrjs y dfs prhvmcemfs f dfs quj rjprjsjctfbfc.

󰁤 ^jxths mclhroftmvhs jsermths phr dhs e`mehs shbrj jstj fehctjemomjcth `mstõrmeh.

󰁤 Mclhgrflïfs jdfbhrfnfs phr dhs jstunmfctjs.

󰁤 \mnjhs rjfdmzfnhs phr dhs e`mehs u htrhs quj sj jceujctrjc jc Mctjrcjt quj sjfc

mctjrjsfctjs y fbhrnjc nme`f ejdjbrfemõc.

󰁤 Lhthgrflïfs nj dhs e`mehs efrfetjrmzfnhs ehoh

pjrshcfajs nj df íphef.
󰁤 Ojcsfajs nj dhs pfnrjs y nj df ehoucmnfn

jnueftmvf jc gjcjrfd.
󰁤 Lhthgrflïfs nj dhs pfnrjs h fbujdhs jc

dfs quj jstíc ejdjbrfcnh jd = nj Audmh jc df

jseujdf eufcnh jddhs jrfc pjqujöhs.
󰁤 Fgjcnf-ourfd nhcnj sj mclhrofræ nj

htrfs fetmvmnfnjs pdfcmstefnfs phr df

jseujdf h df dhefdmnfn ehc ohtmvh
nj df ejdjbrfemõc njd
[rjvmfojctj f jstfopfr df `ujddf, Bmejctjcfrmh.
󰁤 Lhthgrflïfs nj dhs cmöhs
phnjohs pjnmrdjs f dfs pjrshcfs quj
rjsphcnfc jstf prjguctf1 ¸eõoh trfbfafcnh f dh dfrgh njd prhyjeth,
phnjohs njafr —bujcfs `ujddfs‟ jc df ehc df lje`f y dhs chobrjs nj dhs
`msthrmf nj cujstrh pfïs8 e`mehs.
Dfs rjspujstfs dfs jsermbmræc jc uc
eufnjrch y sj djjræc phstjrmhrojctj jc Jc efnf —rmceõc‟ nj df
edfsj.  gfdjrïf js mophrtfctj
Fd rjtmrfsj nj df gfdjrïf, efnf vmsmtfctj quj dhs vmsmtfctjs sj
rjembmræ uc shuvjcmr fdusmvh fd ljstjah jceujctrjc ehc dhs e`mehs
rjfdmzfnh phr dhs e`mehs.  pfrfthojc
qumjcjs quj sjfc jddhs omsohs
df pfdfbrf y djs
Df gfdjrïf pujnj jstfr —fbmjrtf‟ jd nïf njd
feth njd = nj Audmh pfrf quj dhs pfnrjs df eujctjc eõoh `memjrhc jsj
rjehrrfc prjvmfojctj h phstjrmhrojctj f df trfbfah, quí fprjcnmjrhc
rjfdmzfemõc njd omsoh. omjctrfs dh `feïfc, jctrj
htrfs ehsfs. 25
 

[rjsjc t  tffe m mhhcjs 
 tff d djjs1
n m mgg m t
Bmejctjcfrmh 
nj df MCNJ[JCNJCEMF
n j Audmh, prhphcjohs rjfdmzfr aucth ehc dhs
[frf jd feth njd = nj Jsth pjromtj
cmöhs ucf prjsjctfemõc nj [hwjr[hmct jc df quj sj njtfddjc efrgfr ucf
nfths shbrj df Njedfrfemõc nj df Mcnjpjcnjcemf. mofgjc, quj
Jc jstf prhpujstf sj trfbfafc dfs smgumjctjs ærjfs1 qujnfræ ehoh
󰁤 Emjcemfs Uhemfdjs1 mcvjstmgfemõc shbrj df Njedfrfemõc nj df lhcnh nj dfs
Mcnjpjcnjcemf. nmfphsmtmvfs.
󰁤 Jnuefemõc Nmgmtfd1 bñsqujnf nj moægjcjs, nmsjöh nj

nmfphsmtmvfs, ehopfgmcfemõc jctrj tjxths j moægjcjs. >. Ehdhefr jd

󰁤 [ræetmefs njd Djcgufaj1 prhnueemõc nj tïtudhs y pjqujöhs tïtudh pfrf quj df
tjxths. phrtfnf qujnj dmstf.
Df prhpujstf sj nmvmnj jc nhs pfrtjs, phr jd grfnh nj
:. Mcsjrtfr ucf Cujvf
ehopdjamnfn quj tmjcjnjefnf
prjpfrf df jstrueturf ucf nj jddfs. Jc
df prjsjctfemõc. Jc df
df sjgucnf,
prmojrf, sj
sj Nmfphsmtmvf,
ehopdjtf ehc nfths j moægjcjs fdusmvfs. Efnf nhejctj sjdjeemhcfcnh df quj
njtjromcfræ sm dhs cmöhs pujnjc `fejr thnfs dfs fetmvmnfnjs h shdh tmjcj uc tïtudh y
sm shdh trfbfafræc jc df sjgucnf pfrtj. Um hptfc phr df sjgucnf nupdmefrdf tfctfs vjejs
phsmbmdmnfn, mgufd js ehcvjcmjctj quj sj oujstrj thnh jd ehoh nmfphsmtmvfs sj
prhejnmomjcth, pfrf quj sjfc ehcsemjctjs nj df cjejsmnfn nj cjejsmtjc, ehdhefcnh
njstcmr df jstrueturf njd prhyjeth fctjs nj ehojczfr f efnf uch nj dhs tïtudhs
trfbfafr,, dh eufd pjromtj hrgfcmzfr df tfrjf y quj dujgh df
trfbfafr sjgñc ehrrjsphcnf. F
prjsjctfemõc sjf oæs læemd nj ehoprjcnjr
ehoprjcnjr.. ohnh nj jajopdh, sj
prhphcjc dhs
smgumjctjs1
Fetmvmnfnjs prjvmfs cjejsfrmfs pfrf
jd frofnh
fr ofnh njd [hwjr[
hwjr[hmct
hmct
Js cjejsfrmh quj fctjs nj fvfczfr ehc df prjsjctfemõc, sj
trfbfajc thnhs dhs tjofs quj vfyfc f mcedumrsj. Fnjoæs, dhs
cmöhs njbjc tjcjr edfrh quj vfc f rjfdmzfr df prjsjctfemõc quj
dujgh sj utmdmzfræ jc jd feth njd = nj Audmh.

[rmojrf pfrtj1 prjpfrfemõc nj df jstrueturf

^fd ehoh sj fedfrõ fctjs, jstf pfrtj
p frtj njbjrïf rjfdmzfrdf efnf
nhejctj pfrf quj dhs cmöhs dujgh df ehopdjtjc. Fd sjr ucf
lje`f jspjemfd, jd lhcnh nj dfs nmfphsmtmvfs tjcnræ ucf mofgjc
fdusmvf. Jc jstj efsh, sjdjeemhcfohs ucf mofgjc nj df Efsf nj
^ueuoæc. Jstf mofgjc df jcehctrfohs jc Ghhgdj9
pfrf su læemd dhefdmzfemõc,
dhe fdmzfemõc, js ehcvjcmjctj grfbfrdf
jc ucf efrpjtf quj pujnj ddfofrsj, phr jajopdh,
—Mcnjpjcnjcemf‟.
[fshs f sjgumr
Fquï, stcfdmzf df prmojrf pfrtj
6. Fbrmr [hwjr[hmct y
jc df quj dhs cmöhs pujnjc
sjdjeemhcfr [rjsjctfemõc
pfrtmempfr fetmvfojctj h ch,
jc Bdfceh. njpjcnmjcnh nj dh quj efnf
2. Ujdjeemhcfr jd ojcñ
nhejctj ehcsmnjrj jc lucemõc
Nmsjöh, Lhrofth nj Lhcnh.
nj df jxpjrmjcemf quj tjcgfc jc
5. Fd `fejrdh, sj fbrj ucf eufnrh pfrf njtjromcfr
jd frofnh nj ucf prjsjctfemõc
njsnj fddï jd lhrofth njd lhcnh, tfd ehoh sj
[hwjr[hmct.
2> oujstrf jc df smgumjctj pfctfddf1
 

Ujgucnf pfrtj1 Ehopdjtfr dfs dfvfrsj, ehojr y njsefcsfr uc pheh.

nmfphsmtmvfs 󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf <1 busefr moægjcjs

Jstf pfrtj sï njbjc ehopdjtfrdf dhs fctmgufs nj df Efsf

Ef sf nj ^ueuoæc, jd pdfch
cmöhs, mcsjrtfcnh eufnrhs nj tjxth, pfrf mnjctmstefr su nmstrmbuemõc y ucf
futhlhrofs j moægjcjs fdusmvfs. lhthgrflïf fetufd pfrf ohstrfr quj `hy jc
󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf 21 busefr lhths nj nïf lucemhcf ehoh ousjh.
^ueuoæc y uc ofpf nj dfs [rhvmcemfs 󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf 71 fnjoæs nj dfs moægjcjs,

Zcmnfs njd Rïh nj Df [dftf, j mnjctmstefr fquï sj trfbfafræ ehc futhlhrofs. Mcsjrtfr
nõcnj jstfbf ^ueuoæc y jd efomch quj rjprjsjctfctjs9 f sfbjr1 Bujchs Fmrjs, fdgucf mofgjc shbrj df Njedfrfemõc nj df
tjcïfc quj rjehrrjr dhs nmputfnhs. Uj Ufdtf, E`frefs, Eftfofref, Eõrnhbf, Mcnjpjcnjcemf y futhlhrofs. Jc dfs
utmdmzfræc nhs `jrrfomjctfs1 Mcsjrtfr ^ueuoæc, Df Rmhaf,
Rmhaf , Omzquj, Ojcnhzf, futhlhrofs, dhs cmöhs jsermbmræc pfdfbrfs
Moægjcjs j Mcsjrtfr
Mcs jrtfr Eufnrh nj ^jxth. E`mbe`fs ([hthsï), Ufc Aufc, Auauy,
Aua uy, h lrfsjs vmceudfnfs ehc df Mcnjpjcnjcemf
[rmojrh, Ufctmfgh njd Jstjrh. Nmfdhgfr ehc jddhs y ehc dh trfbfafnh jc edfsj. Jc jstj efsh,
njbjc mcsjrtfr rjspjeth njd tmph nj djtrf h lujctj f sj sjdjeemhcõ df quj jstæ rjsfdtfnf nj
dfs moægjcjs utmdmzfr, njstcmr euæd sj vmsufdmzf ojahr y Emctfs y jstrjddfs.
quj df nhejctj jd ehdhr oæs ehcvjcmjctj. Fd jdjgmrdf, sj
djs shdmemtõ 󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf >1 ehcvjrsfr shbrj dhs
pujnj hptfr phr
busefr. Dujgh, f trjs prmcempfdjs ojnmhs nj trfcsphrtj jd ehdhr njd
ohnh nj lhcnh y njd
præetmef, ehdhefr tjxth quj sj
dhs eufnrhs jc nmstmcths dugfrjs nj df jsermbmræ
nmfphsmtmvf, efobmfcnh jd ehdhr njd fnjctrh.
tjxth, fgrfcnfcnh y fe`mefcnh jd Dfs futhlhrofs sj pujnjc fgrfcnfr h
tfoföh nj df djtrf. Jc jstj jajopdh, sj fe`mefr, sjgñc jd ojcsfaj h df pfdfbrf quj
ehdhef uc ofpf efnf uch nj dhs cmöhs qumjrf jsermbmr.
fetufd nj df
Frgjctmcf ehc [frf tjromcfr…

df prhvmcemf nj quj utmdmzfrhc dhs Zcf vjz quj df prjsjctfemõc jstí dmstf,
^ueuoæc ehcgrjsfdjs1 gfdjrf, shpfcnf pfsfrdf pfrf quj df vmsufdmejc ehoh
rjsfdtfnf y htrh y efrrjtf. Busefr fdgucf thtfdmnfn. Dujgh, jstfbdjejr eõoh sj
nj dfs efrfetjrïstmef lucnfojctfd prjsjctfræ jc jd feth, jstfbdjemjcnh dh
[rhvmcemfs nj efnf uch nj jddhs j quj dj ehrrjsphcnjræ njemr y `fejr f efnf
Zcmnfs njd Rïh mcsjrtfr dfs moægjcjs ehc df uch.
nj df [dftf. njsermpemõc jdfbhrfnf phr jddhs.
󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf 51 utmdmzfcnh eufnrhs nj
󰁤 Nmfphsmtmvf :1 ehoh jc jsf
tjxth, jsermbmr dhs chobrjs nj thnfs dfs íphef ch `fbïf `htjdjs, dhs
prhvmcemfs quj jcvmfrhc vmfajrhs pfrfbfc jc phstfs, quj
jrfc dugfrjs nhcnj phnïfc

Og. Dme. Ofrmjdf Njdfurh

2<
 

27
 

Uugjrjcemf nj fetmvmnfnjs
󰁤 [rjsjctfr jd põstjr y djjr df
mclhrofemõc quj jstj prjsjctf.
󰁤 [rjguctfr f dhs cmöhs1 ¸pfrf quí

smrvj rjstfr8 ¸Jc quí smtufemhcjs nj

cujstrf vmnf utmdmzfohs df rjstf8
Jsermbmr dfs prhpujstfs jc ucf
efrtjdjrf ehoh df quj ohstrfohs jc
df lhthgrflïf. F jstf efrtjdjrf sj dj

sjgumræc suofcnh
vfyfc surgmjcnh fd dfs mnjfs jc
fvfczfr qujjd
tjof.
󰁤 Nmsphcjr f dhs cmöhs jc pjqujöhs

gruphs y jctrjgfr, f efnf jqumph, uch

nj jsths prhbdjofs smc cñojrhs.
Efnf gruph njbjræ nmseutmr y njemnmr
sm jc efnf smtufemõc njbjc suofr h
rjstfr pfrf fvjrmgufr dh quj sj
prjguctf.
Jc fdgucfs smtufemhcjs, pfdfbrfs quj
sj rjdfemhcfc ehc df suof h ehc df
rjstf sj utmdmzfc jc htrh sjctmnh, pfrf
phnjr rjfljxmhcfr ehc dhs jstunmfctjs
fejref nj jsth.

¸Uuofohs h rjstfohs8
6- Jc jd imhseh nj df jseujdf
ehoprfohs uc e`upjtïc y uc fdlfahr.
¸Vuí `fejohs pfrf sfbjr euæcth
gfstfohs jc thtfd8
2- Jc jd imhseh nj df jseujdf
ehoprfohs uc fdlfahr y pfgfohs ehc
uc bmddjtj. ¸Vuí `fejohs pfrf sfbjr
sm tmjcjc quj nfrchs vujdth8
5- Jc jd rjerjh dj rjgfdfohs
efrfojdhs f ucf fomgf y f uc fomgh.
¸Vuí `fejohs pfrf sfbjr euæcths
efrfojdhs rjgfdfohs jc thtfd8
>- Jc jd rjerjh rjgdfohs efrfojdhs

Df rjstf
f ucf fomgf. ¸Vuí `fejohs pfrf
sfbjr euæcths chs qujnfrhc pfrf
chshtrhs8
Jcsjöfr hpjrfemhcjs oftjoætmefs ch js smopdjojctj jcsjöfr f rjshdvjr uc eædeudh. :- Jc jd prmojr rjerjh pjrnï ucfs
Ch sj rjnuej fd feth nj trfcsomtmr ucf sjrmj nj pfshs quj, sm shc sjgumnhs nj ofcjrf stgurmtfs y jc jd sjgucnh rjerjh pjrnï
ehrrjetf, chs ddjvfræc f jcehctrfr uc rjsudtfnh, smch quj rjqumjrj nj uc nhejctj quj, htrfs oæs. ¸Vuí `fejohs pfrf sfbjr
jc vjz nj prjsjctfr ñcmefojctj ehcejpths fefbfnhs, pdfcmstef pfrf sus edfsjs euæctfs sj pjrnmjrhc jc thtfd8
vjrnfnjrhs njsflïhs, quj fd ch phnjr rjshdvjrsj ehc dhs ehchemomjcths quj yf sj `fc
Zcf vjz quj dhs gruphs `fyfc
fnqumrmnh, lucemhcfc ehoh ohthrjs quj —phcjc jc ofre`f‟ f dhs jstunmfctjs, quj
njemnmnh su rjspujstf,
dhs ehcvhefc f busefr htrfs lhrofs, quj dhs mcvmtfc f rjehcstrumr cujvhs ehcejpths njbjræc jxpdmefr fd rjsth
pfrf su rjshduemõc. nj dhs e`mehs eõoh
Ehc jsth ch jstfohs qujrmjcnh njemr quj jc [rmojr Emedh ch njbjc jcsjöfrsj jd dh pjcsfrhc.
ehcejpth nj —rjstfr‟, dhs sïobhdhs quj rjprjsjctfc jstf hpjrfemõc y df —eujctf
jctjcnmnf nj ofcjrf trfnmemhcfd‟, yf quj fprjcnjr f hpjrfr js uch nj dhs hbajtmvhs
pdfctjfnhs pfrf dhs prmojrhs föhs nj df jseujdf prmofrmf.
Cujstrf prhpujstf ehctjopdf jsths nhs efomchs quj sj jceujctrfc jc uc omsoh
rjehrrmnh1 —jcsjöfr dfs ehcvjcemhcjs y rjgdfs‟ y fd omsoh tmjoph prhohvjr uc
trfbfah bfsfnh jc df rjshduemõc nj prhbdjofs, f trfvís njd eufd dhs jstunmfctjs
pujnfc mcvhduerfrsj jc df prhnueemõc nj ehchemomjcths y prhejnmomjcths Jc cujstrf pægmcf wjb www.jnmbf.eho
jcehctrfræs fetmvmnfnjs rjdfemhcfnfs ehc
oftjoætmehs.
df rjstf.
20
 

Aujghs pfrf rjstfr

Rjstfs ehc nhs nfnhs
[rhphcmjcnh jstj aujgh phnjohs fyunfr f
dhs cmöhs jc df ehcstrueemõc nj uc rjpjrthrmh
nj rjstfs sjcemddfs y læemdojctj ojohrmzfbdjs.

y Uj
uccjejsmtfc
dæpmz pfrfnhs nfnhs
phnjr phr pfrjaf,
fchtfr. uc pfpjd
Efnf augfnhr
dfczf dhs nhs nfnhs y efdeudf jd rjsudtfnh nj
rjstfr dhs nhs cñojrhs.
Js mophrtfctj, jc jstj aujgh, rjfljxmhcfr ehc
dhs e`mehs fejref nj quj, f nmljrjcemf nj dh
quj suejnj ehc df suof, nhcnj ch mophrtf jd
hrnjc jc quj sj suofc dhs cñojrhs, jc ucf
rjstf jd cñojrh ojchr smjoprj sj njbj
rjstfr fd ofyhr
ofyhr..

Jd ehdjeemhcmstf
Uj aujgf nj f trjs ehc jd oftjrmfd quj sj
jceujctrf jc cujstrh eufnjrcmddh
lhthehpmfbdj.
Zch nj dhs cmöhs sjræ jd ehdjeemhcmstf y dhs
htrhs nhs sjræc dhs ehopjtmnhrjs.
Jd ehdjeemhcmstf ehdhef sus 2; ste`fs
shbrj df ojsf.
[hr turchs, dhs htrhs nhs
cmöhs dfczfc jd nfnh y dj
qumtfc nj df ehdjeemõc ¡[rhbdjofs pfrf thnh ohojcth!
tfctfs ste`fs ehoh jstj Jd nhejctj, aucth ehc dhs cmöhs, pujnj frofr ucf
mcnmef. rjehpmdfemõc nj prhbdjofs y tjcjrdhs smjoprj f ofch
Js mophrtfctj quj f dh pfrf phnjr nmsphcjr nj jddhs jc eufdqumjr ohojcth
dfrgh njd aujgh dhs e`mehs njd nïf. Df mnjf js quj jsths prhbdjofs sj pujnfc
jsermbfc, jc df ste`f nj ddjvfr f efsf ehoh tfrjf h pujnfc rjshdvjrsj eufcnh
rjgmstrh, ehc quí efctmnfn dhs e`mehs tjromcfc ucf tfrjf y tmjcjc quj jspjrfr fd
ehomjczfc y ehc quí rjsth.
Dhs prhbdjofs sj pujnjc ehdhefr jc shbrjs
efctmnfn
rhcnf. Jstftjromcfc
tfrjf njjc efnf
ehctjh edfsmsteæcnhdhs sjgñc nmstmcths ermtjrmhs1 prhbdjofs pfrf
jstfræ f efrgh njd ehdjeemhcmstf. efdeudfr thtfdjs, prhbdjofs pfrf efdeudfr vujdths, prhbdjofs
Gfcf jd aujgh jd ehopjtmnhr quj nj rjtrhejnjr, prhbdjofs pfrf fvjrmgufr euæcths lfdtfc,
dj sfef df ñdtmof ste`f fd ehdjeemhcmstf. prhbdjofs pfrf efdeudfr nmljrjcemfs.

2=
 

[rõxmoh   cñojr h
UM ^MJCJ FDGZCF MCLHROFEMÕC, EHC^ÆE^JCHU1
mclhKomssmcge`mdnrjc.hrg.fr ;0;; 555 ::;;
OMUUMCG E@MDNRJC
E@MD NRJC
E@MEHU [JRNMNHU NJ FRGJC^MCF
󰁤 Djjohs eujcths ohcstruhshs.
󰁤 Nïf njd Cmöh1 mnjfs pfrf ljstjafr jc df jseujdf.
ERMU^MFC FGZU^ÏC ]FEFC^H LZJC^JU 󰁤 67 nj fghsth1 Ufc Ofrtïc y df Mcnjpjcnjcemf1
Lfdtf njsnj1 0 nj aucmh nj 2;6: Jnfn jc df lhth1 : föhs
Jnfn fetufd1 < föhs Lje`f nj cfemomjcth1 62 nj fghsth nj 2;;= fetmvmnfnjs pfrf jd fudf, feth, pfdfbrfs y gdhsfs.
Dugfr nj rjsmnjcemf1 Ojcnhzf
󰁤 Df oudtmpdmefemõc.
󰁤 Df jvfdufemõc jc [rmojr Emedh.
OFRMFCF JDMQFBJ^@ EFRRMQH
Lfdtf njsnj1 65 nj fghsth nj 2;6: Jnfn jc df lhth1 = föhs 󰁤 Chs prjpfrfohs pfrf
Jnfn fetufd1 6; föhs Ofdvmcfs
Lje`f njFrgjctmcfs, 6= nj chvmjobrj nj 2;;:
cfemomjcth1Bujchs dfs jvfdufemhcjs nj
Dugfr nj rjsmnjcemf1 Fmrjs
5.± nj hetubrj.

BRMUF CMEHDJ JIJR^

󰁤 Jnuefemõc nmgmtfd.
Lfdtf njsnj1 26 nj ofrzh nj 2;6< Jnfn jc df lhth1 62 föhs
Jnfn fetufd1 62 föhs Lje`f nj cfemomjcth1 < nj sjptmjobrj nj 2;;5
Dugfr nj rjsmnjcemf1 Grfd. Rhnrïgujz, Bujchs Fmrjs

©6==7 Ofjstrf [rmojr Emedh Nmrjethrf1 Fdmemf Ofrmcæcgjdm Fsmstjctjnjnmrjeemõc1 Fcf`ï Bfrjddm Nmsjöh y [rh`mbmnf df rjprhnueemõc thtfd h pfremfd njd
Jnmthrf Rjsphcsfbdj y [rhpmjtfrmf1 JNMBF URD Brhwc >7>, Bf`ïf Bdfcef, Bujchs Fmrjs. nmfgrfofemõc1Gfbrmjdf Efstföh, Fcf [írjz, Dfurf [mre`m Ehdfbhrfnhrjs1 [fce`h ehctjcmnh nj jstf rjvmstf, jxejpth dhs
Fqumch, Dhrjcf Ghczædjz, ]fcmcf Ofrmchzzm, Gumddjromcf Ofrtïcjz, Dhrjcf y Dfurf lhthehpmfbdjs.
Frgjctmcf. Moprjsh jc M[JUF Ofgfddfcjs 656:. Bujchs Fmrjs. Nmstrmbuemõc õc Frgjctmcf1 pfrf jd Efrrmquj, Umdvmf Qurnh, Lfeucnh Lfdfbjddf @uohr1 Edfu Fnomcmstrfemõc1Edfunmf Jstf rjvmstf shdh sj vjcnj jc dhs im hsehs. Ch `johs
mctjrmhr njd pfïs1 N.M.U.F., Dums Uæjcz [jöf 6052 (665:) Efpmtfd Ljnjrfd, ^jd. ;66->5;>-2:52 / rsf,Ujrgmh \mejctj Fsmstjctjnjnmrjeemõc1 Nfrïh Ujmafs Fre`mvhnmgmtfd1
^rfvjrsf,
^rfvj mopdjojctfnh cmcgñc smstjof nj susermpemhcjs y
Föh PMP - C ; 26> Audmh 2;6<
>5;>-2:>6. [frf Efpmtfd Ljnjrfd1― \feefrh @chs. Rjprjsjctfctjs nj Jnmthrmfdjs U.F., Fv.Jctrj
Rmhs =6= 6» pmsh (6;0;) E.F.B.F
Eumt. 5;-:526;7>0-= ― Bhdmvmf1 Fgjcemf Ohnjrcf Dtnf., Gruph Ghczædjz, Grfd. Fe`f J-;652
Ehe`fbfobf, Df [fz, ^jd.;;:= 6->>2:-;;7> , Lfx1 ;;:=-6->>66 -7;2>- Ehdhobmf1 Nmstrmbumnhrfs Nmsucmnfs U.F. , Efrrjrf 76 25F ― 72, Bhghtæ, ^jd1
Jqumph
Ejemdmf Bjctmvjgcf Mdustrfemõc1 Fdbjrth Fofnjh, Ljrcfcnh Ejrrunh, Joofcujd E`mjre`mj, Gfbrmjd Ehrtmcf, Ofrmfch
Ofrtïc Ehdhrnmgmtfd1 Ghczfdh Fcgujmrf, Oõcmef Gmd, Cftfdmf Uhlmh Ehojremhjxtjrmhr1 Wfdtjr Bjcïtjz, [fbdh Lusehcm
Ehoucmefemõc y ftjcemõc fd edmjctj1 Efrdhs Bfdfahvsiy, Ofmf Bfdfahvsiy Ehcgrjshs y efpfemtfemhcjs1 Omefjdf Bjcïtjz
Ehrrjeemõc1 Jdmsfbjt Ædvfrjz, Ofrejdh Fcgjdjttm, Lrfceh Ofgm, Dmd mfcf \jrf Rjeurshs `uofchs1 Ofrmfcf Ojnmcf
Rjeurshsoudtmojnmf1 Lrfcemseh Njd \fddj, [fbdh ]ucgbdut, Fdnfcf Ojmcjrm, Ofrtïc Fstjfsufmc Lhthgrflïf1 Ljrcfcnh
cmcgucf joprjsf jstæ futhrmzfnf f rjfdmzfrdfs.

OFJU^RF NJ [RMOJR EMEDH

Js ucf pubdm
pubdmef
efemõc
emõc nj1
;;:76->0<-0;;;,
;;:76->0<-0;; ;, Lfx1 ;;:76- >0<-0;;; mct. 6:5. - Ehstf Rmef1 Fgjcemf nj [ubdmefemhcjs, >;; Uur y 6;; Jstj nj df Mgdjsmf Eftõdmef nj Qfphtj, Ufc Feuöf, Oõcmef Lfdemhcm, [ftrmemf [jrhcf Ofrijtmcgy pubdmemnfn
pubdmemnfn11 Lfvmh Bfdfahvsiy, Ljrcfcnh Bfdfahvsiy, Gfstõc
 Ahsí , ^jd1 ;;:;<- 205-=505,
205-=505, Lfx1 ;;:;<-252<<02.
;;:;<-252<<02. - Jeufnhr1 Nmstrmbumnhrf Dhs Fcnjs U.F, Nmsfcnjs
Nmsfcnjs Emunfnjdf "Df Gfrzhtf" Oz 27f y Fv.Fv. Fgustïc Ohctjhdmvf, Rjmcfdnh [jrnhoh Rjejpemõc1 Ofurh Nj Dhs Ufcths, Ehcsujdh [írjz Ljrcæcnjz Umstjofs y wjb1 Djfcnrh
Rjghdl, Bruch Ojmcjrm Ujrvmemhtíecmeh1 Ahsí Ejdms ^fddjr nj ofcufdmnfnjs1 \fdjctmcf Nm Mhrmh, Duemfcf Ufbftmcm
             
             
̆

Lrjmrj jsqumcf, Gufyfqumd, ^jd1 ;;:=5>-227-6<:6 / ;;:=5>-227-6<>>, Lfx1 ;;:=5>-22>-7650. [frfgufy1 Nmstrmbumnhrf nj [ubdmefemhcjs Ihjtm,
Ohctjvmnjh <>;, Fsucemõc, ^jd1 ;;:=:- 26>>:665, Lfx1 ;;:=:-26>>:665,- [jrñ 1 Nmstrmbumnhrf Bhdmvfrmfcf U. F., Fv. Rjpñbdmef nj [fcfoæ 5<56/57,
                           
 Fcucemftj ehc chshtrhs1 pubdmemnfnKjnmbf.eho
̆ ̆
Jsermbmchs f trfvís nj www.jnmbf.eho
Ufc Msmnrh. ^jd. ;;:6-6->>62=>0, ;;:6-6->>62=>=, Lfx ;;:6-6->>2=7>7. Zrugufy1 Nmstrmbumnhrf Rhnjshd, [frfgufy 6=2>, Ohctjvmnjh, ^jd. ;;:=-02-
=2>;7<<, Lfx ;;:=-02-=2>;7
;;:=-02-=2>;7<6<6 ^fobmíc phnjs njsefrgfr jstf rjvmstf y sus jnmemhcjs fctjrmhrjs jc tu [E ehc cujstrf fpdmefemõc
www.pdfyjr.jnmbf.eho
MO[RJUH JC FRGJC^MCF
Rjgmstrh nj prhpmjnfn mctjdjetufd1 C± :2>7=:0 MUUC1 ;52=-;6;7