Se han obtenido 350, 250 y 300 m3 de contaminantes de tipos A, B y

C respectivamente. Estos han venido de tres zonas. La composición

de dichas zonas es la que sigue

Contaminante A Contaminante B Contaminante C

% % %
Zona 1 55 30 15
Zona 2 25 45 30
Zona 3 25 20 55

¿Cuántos metros cúbicos vinieron de cada zona?

Solución:
x: Cantidad de material extraído de la zona 1 en m3
y: Cantidad de material extraído de la zona 2 en m3
z: Cantidad de material extraído de la zona 3 en m3
Sistema de ecuaciones:
0.55 x + 0.25 y + 0.25 z = 350
0.30 x + 0.45 y + 0.20 z = 250
0.15 x + 0.30 y + 0.55 z = 300
−5 5 7000
Despejando x en la 1º ecuacion: x= 11 y−
11
z+
11
−2 4 5000
Despejando y en la 2º ecuacion: y= x− z +
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
Despejando z en la 3º ecuacion: z= 11 x−
11
y+
11
Método de Jacobi:
−5 5 7000
x k+1= yk− zk +
11 11 11
−2 4 5000
y k +1= x k− zk+
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
z k+1= xk− yk +
11 11 11

Resolviendo con el método de Jacobi, con la aproximación inicial:

X0 = 400
Y0 = 100
Z0 = 400
Primera iteración:
−5 5 7000
x 1= y− z+ =409.09090909091
11 0 11 0 11
−2 4 5000
y 1= x 0− z 0 + =111.11111111111
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
z 1= x 0− y 0 + =381.81818181818
11 11 11

Segunda iteración:
−5 5 7000
x 2= y 1− z 1 + =412.30486685032
11 11 11
−2 4 5000
y 2= x 1− z 1+ =113.13131313131
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
z 2= x 1− y 1 + =373.27823691460
11 11 11
Tercera iteración:
−5 5 7000
x 3= y 2− z2 + =415.26838634277
11 11 11
−2 4 5000
y 3= x 2− z 2 + =114.78420569330
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
z 3= x− y + =371.29977460556
11 2 11 2 11

Cuarta iteración:
−5 5 7000
x4 = y 3− z 3 + =415.41637259143
11 11 11
−2 4 5000
y4 = x 3− z3 + =113.68784261346
3 9 9
−3 6 6000
z4 = x3 − y 3 + =369.58996425563
11 11 11
Continuando, se obtienen las iteraciones:
k x1 x2 x3 Norma Cuadrada
0 400.00000000000 100.00000000000 400.00000000000
1 409.09090909091 111.11111111111 381.81818181818 2.32E+01
2 412.30486685032 113.13131313131 373.27823691460 9.35E+00
3 415.26838634277 114.78420569330 371.29977460556 3.93E+00
4 415.41637259143 113.68784261346 369.58996425563 2.04E+00
5 416.69190596860 114.34910082543 370.14762059499 1.54E+00
6 416.13785389981 113.25089797872 369.43906155833 1.42E+00
7 416.95910930134 113.93518115198 370.18918640257 1.31E+00
8 416.30710565702 113.05428873130 369.59196228946 1.25E+00
9 416.97897680875 113.75439076667 370.25026824011 1.17E+00
10 416.36151863328 113.01389624301 369.68515681579 1.12E+00
11 416.95497588236 113.67669565968 370.25746060383 1.06E+00
12 416.39356533477 113.02670025450 369.73408167226 1.01E+00
13 416.92691730602 113.63358681137 370.24173658806 9.54E-01
14 416.42030754571 113.05239442352 369.76524792852 9.06E-01
15 416.90107165817 113.60190700130 370.22042825652 8.60E-01
16 416.44439306463 113.07909522499 369.78957663798 8.17E-01
17 416.87787642593 113.57503722893 370.19929540511 7.76E-01
18 416.46621243908 113.10395109156 369.81055884988 7.37E-01
19 416.85704093571 113.55116555178 370.17978692122 6.99E-01
20 416.48593069409 113.12651185565 369.82926217111 6.64E-01
21 416.83828453329 113.52970746123 370.16210334398 6.30E-01
22 416.50372236127 113.14687549159 369.84608196662 5.99E-01
23 416.82138297354 113.51037088510 370.14614363333 5.68E-01
24 416.51976612798 113.16523640282 369.86123870625 5.40E-01
25 416.80614767769 113.49293871190 370.13175301810 5.12E-01
26 416.53423103182 113.18178909572 369.87490224505 4.87E-01
27 416.79241302693 113.47722275877 370.11877930275 4.62E-01
28 416.54727179022 113.19671162527 369.88722039697 4.39E-01
29 416.78003089898 113.46305418565 370.10708317070 4.16E-01
30 416.55902847439 113.21016465814 369.89832565356 3.95E-01

10 416.66938173478 113.33644014238 370.00256463631 9.97E-03

0

Respuesta:
Las cantidades de material que vinieron de cada zona son:
416.67 m3 de la zona 1
113.34 m3 de la zona 1
370.00 m3 de la zona 1
Código en Matlab:
function JacobiIter

% Ingreso de datos:
A=[0.55 0.25 0.25;0.30 0.45 0.20;0.15 0.30 0.55];
B=[350 250 300]';
X0=[400 100 400]';
TOL=0.01;
NMI=120;

% Procedimiento:
N=size(B,1);
X=[X0'];
for K=1:NMI
for I=1:N
X(K+1,I)=0;
for J=1:I-1
X(K+1,I)=X(K+1,I)-A(I,J)*X(K,J);
end
for J=I+1:N
X(K+1,I)=X(K+1,I)-A(I,J)*X(K,J);
end
X(K+1,I)=X(K+1,I)+B(I,1);
X(K+1,I)=X(K+1,I)/A(I,I);
end
ERROR=norm(X(K+1,:)-X(K,:));
if ERROR<=TOL
break
end
end
X
ERROR
Respuestas en Matlab:

>> JacobiIter

X=
400.0000 100.0000 400.0000
409.0909 111.1111 381.8182
412.3049 113.1313 373.2782
415.2684 114.7842 371.2998
415.4164 113.6878 369.5900
416.6919 114.3491 370.1476
416.1379 113.2509 369.4391
416.9591 113.9352 370.1892
416.3071 113.0543 369.5920
416.9790 113.7544 370.2503
416.3615 113.0139 369.6852
416.9550 113.6767 370.2575
416.3936 113.0267 369.7341
416.9269 113.6336 370.2417
416.4203 113.0524 369.7652
416.9011 113.6019 370.2204
416.4444 113.0791 369.7896
416.8779 113.5750 370.1993
416.4662 113.1040 369.8106
416.8570 113.5512 370.1798
416.4859 113.1265 369.8293
416.8383 113.5297 370.1621
416.5037 113.1469 369.8461
416.8214 113.5104 370.1461
416.5198 113.1652 369.8612
416.8061 113.4929 370.1318
416.5342 113.1818 369.8749
416.7924 113.4772 370.1188
416.5473 113.1967 369.8872
416.7800 113.4631 370.1071
416.5590 113.2102 369.8983
416.7689 113.4503 370.0965
416.5696 113.2223 369.9083
416.7588 113.4388 370.0870
416.5792 113.2332 369.9174
416.7497 113.4284 370.0785
416.5878 113.2431 369.9255
416.7416 113.4190 370.0707
416.5956 113.2520 369.9328
416.7342 113.4106 370.0638
416.6026 113.2600 369.9394
416.7275 113.4030 370.0575
416.6089 113.2672 369.9454
416.7215 113.3961 370.0518
416.6146 113.2737 369.9508
416.7161 113.3899 370.0467
416.6197 113.2796 369.9556
416.7113 113.3844 370.0421
416.6243 113.2849 369.9600
416.7069 113.3793 370.0380
416.6285 113.2897 369.9639
416.7029 113.3748 370.0342
416.6323 113.2940 369.9675
416.6993 113.3707 370.0309
416.6356 113.2978 369.9707
416.6961 113.3670 370.0278
416.6387 113.3013 369.9736
416.6932 113.3637 370.0251
416.6414 113.3045 369.9762
416.6906 113.3607 370.0226
416.6439 113.3073 369.9785
416.6883 113.3580 370.0204
416.6462 113.3099 369.9806
416.6861 113.3556 370.0184
416.6482 113.3122 369.9825
416.6842 113.3534 370.0166
416.6500 113.3143 369.9843
416.6825 113.3514 370.0149
416.6516 113.3161 369.9858
416.6809 113.3496 370.0135
416.6531 113.3178 369.9872
416.6795 113.3480 370.0121
416.6545 113.3194 369.9885
416.6783 113.3466 370.0109
416.6557 113.3207 369.9896
416.6771 113.3453 370.0099
416.6567 113.3220 369.9906
416.6761 113.3441 370.0089
416.6577 113.3231 369.9916
416.6752 113.3431 370.0080
416.6586 113.3241 369.9924
416.6743 113.3421 370.0072
416.6594 113.3250 369.9931
416.6736 113.3412 370.0065
416.6601 113.3258 369.9938
416.6729 113.3405 370.0059
416.6608 113.3266 369.9944
416.6723 113.3398 370.0053
416.6613 113.3272 369.9950
416.6717 113.3391 370.0048
416.6619 113.3278 369.9955
416.6712 113.3386 370.0043
416.6623 113.3284 369.9959
416.6708 113.3380 370.0039
416.6628 113.3289 369.9963
416.6704 113.3376 370.0035
416.6631 113.3293 369.9967
416.6700 113.3372 370.0032
416.6635 113.3297 369.9970
416.6697 113.3368 370.0028
416.6638 113.3301 369.9973
416.6694 113.3364 370.0026

ERROR =
0.0100