Apéndice 8: Estudio comparativo para analizar la conveniencia, en el cálculo de una

sección homogeneizada, de aumentar el espesor de la carpeta de

hormigón, aumentar la altura del tablero o aumentar el tamaño del perfil.

Coeficiente de reducción hormigón/acero: n := 10

Distancia entre vigas: b := 2.50⋅ m

1) Características del primer perfil: tonf := 1000⋅ kgf

Altura d := 250⋅ mm

Ala b f := 101⋅ mm tf := 5.3⋅ mm

Alma tw := 4.83⋅ mm Sección (

As := 2 ⋅ b f ⋅ tf + d − 2 ⋅ tf ⋅ tw ) As = 22.27 cm
2

bf ⋅ d
3
(d − 2⋅ tf) 3
Inercia Is :=
12
(
− bf − tw ⋅ ) 12
Is = 2155.14 cm
4

Espesor Carpeta Hormigón: Altura Tablero:

 4   0 
 5   
3.81
   
to :=  6 
⋅ cm i := 0 .. 5
h r :=  5.08  ⋅ cm j := 0 .. 4
 8   6.35 
   

10
  7.62 
 12 
Altura hasta el fondo de la carpeta:
 25 
 
28.8
 
( )
d 1 h r := d + h r ( )
d1 hr =  30.1  cm
 31.4 
 
 32.6 

a1 := 2 ⋅ cm

 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As
d  
( )
a to , h r := roota1 +
2
⋅ a1 − ⋅ + h r + t o  , a1
 b b 2  

b  to  d Posición del Eje neutro de la

⋅ to⋅  d + hr +  + As⋅ sección bruta reducida sin
 2
( ) ( )
n 2
y g to , h r := if a to , h r ≥ to fisuración del Hº (Estado I):
b
⋅ t + As Posición del eje neutro de la
n o
sección reducida fisurada
( d + h r + to ) (
− a to , hr ) ( )
if a to , h r < to (Estado II):
Momento de Inercia que le corresponde a la sección en función de la posición del EN.

  to 
2 
 d
2
b 2  b 
Irt( to , h r) :=  s
I + A ⋅   + ⋅ t ⋅ d + h + − y ( t , h ) ⋅  As n o  if y g ( to , h r) < ( d + h r)
+ ⋅ t 

s 2
  n o  r 2  g o r
 
 
b  d + h r + to + y g ( to , h r) 
2
2
 d 
 Is + As⋅   + ( d + h r + to ) ⋅ ⋅   ...  if y g ( t o , h r) ≥ d + h r
 2 n  2  
 ( ) 
2
 d + h + t + y t , h 
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y ( t , h ) ) ⋅ ⋅ 
b r o g o r 
... 
 g o r n   
 2 
  b  
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y g ( to , h r) ) ⋅  As + ⋅ ( d + h r + to − y g ( to , h r) ) 
2

  n  

Determinación de los módulos resistentes: h ( to , h r) := d + h r + to

Irt( to , h r)
So ( to , h r) :=
h ( to , h r) − y g ( to , h r)

Irt( to , h r)
Su ( to , h r) :=
y g ( to , h r)

tonf tonf
La capacidad portante será según la fibra superior: fc := 0.210⋅ Fy := 2.40⋅
2 2
cm cm
M o ( to , h r) := n ⋅ So ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.45⋅ fc

M u ( to , h r) := Su ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.66⋅ Fy

 1  Capacidad Portante - Sección Compuesta 1

Mu to , hr  ⋅   = 3000
 i 3   tonf ⋅ cm 
Momento Admisible (tonf.cm)

539.9
2400
557.2 1
Mo to , hr  ⋅
 i 3  tonf ⋅cm
575.3 1800
626.9 1
Mu to , hr  ⋅
 i 3  tonf ⋅cm 1200
680
734.6
600

0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
to
i
Espesor de la Carpeta de Hº (cm)
 2) Características del segundo perfil:
d := 260⋅ mm b f := 102⋅ mm tf := 10⋅ mm

As := 2 ⋅ b f ⋅ tf + ( d − 2 ⋅ tf ) ⋅ tw
2
tw := 6.35⋅ mm As = 35.64 cm

( d − 2⋅ tf ) 3
3
bf ⋅ d
( ) 4
Is := − bf − tw ⋅ Is = 3920.7 cm
12 12

Altura Tablero: Espesor Carpeta Hormigón:

 0   5 
 1.5   6 
   
h r :=  2  ⋅ in j := 0 .. 4 to :=  8  ⋅ cm i := 0 .. 4
   
 2.5   10 
 3   12 
 

 26 
Altura hasta el fondo de la carpeta:
 29.8 
 
d 1 ( h r) := d + h r d 1 ( h r) =  31.1  cm
 
 32.4 
 33.6 


a1 := 2 ⋅ cm

 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As  d  
a( to , h r) := roota1 +
2
⋅ a1 − ⋅ + h r + t o  , a1
 b b 2  

b  to  d Posición del Eje neutro de la

⋅ to⋅  d + hr +  + As⋅ sección bruta reducida sin
n  2  2
y g1 ( to , h r) := if a( to , h r) ≥ to fisuración del Hº (Estado I):
b
⋅ t + As Posición del eje neutro de la
n o
sección reducida fisurada
( d + h r + to ) − a( to , h r) if a( to , h r) < to (Estado II):
 

Momento de Inercia que le corresponde a la sección en función de la posición del EN.

  to 
2 
 d
2
b 2  b 
Irt1( to , h r) :=  s
I + As2
⋅ + ⋅ t ⋅ d + h + − y g1 ( o r)  s n o   if y g1 ( to , h r) < ( d + h r)
t , h ⋅ A + ⋅ t
   n o  r 2   
 
b  d + h r + to + y g1 ( to , h r) 
2
2
 d 
 s
I + A ⋅
s 2   + ( d + h r + t o) n 
⋅ ⋅  ...  if y g1 ( to , h r) ≥ d + h r
    2  
 ( ) 
2
 d + h + t + y t , h 
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y ( t , h ) ) ⋅ ⋅ 
b r o g1 o r 
... 
 g1 o r n   
 2 
 2  b  
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y g1 ( to , h r) ) ⋅  As + ⋅ ( d + h r + to − y g1 ( to , h r) )  
  n  
Determinación de los módulos resistentes:

Irt1( to , h r)
So1 ( to , h r) :=
h ( to , h r) − y g1 ( to , h r)

Irt1( to , h r)
Su1 ( to , h r) :=
y g1 ( to , h r)

tonf tonf
La capacidad portante será según la fibra superior: fc := 0.210⋅ Fy := 2.4⋅
2 2
cm cm
Primer Perfil W10 x 12

M o ( to , h r) := n ⋅ So ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.45⋅ fc
Capacidad Portante - Sección Compuesta 1
M u ( to , h r) := Su ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.66⋅ Fy 3000
Momento Admisible (tonf cm)

1
Mu to , hr  ⋅ = to = 1
2400
 i 3  tonf ⋅ cm i Mo to , hr  ⋅
 i 3  tonf ⋅cm
557.2 5 cm 1800
1
575.3 6 Mu to , hr  ⋅
 i 3  tonf ⋅cm 1200
626.9 8
680 10 600
734.6 12
0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
to
i
Segundo Perfil W10 x 19 Espesor Carpeta de Hº (cm)

M o1 ( to , h r) := n ⋅ So1 ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.45⋅ fc
Capacidad Portante - Sección Compuesta 2
2450.7
M u1 ( to , h r) := Su1 ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.66⋅ Fy
Momento Admisible (tonf cm)

1 1
Mo1 to , hr  ⋅
M u1  to , h r  ⋅ = to =  i 3 tonf ⋅cm
 i 3  tonf ⋅ cm i
906 5 cm Mu1 to , hr  ⋅
1
 i 3 tonf ⋅cm
933.6 6
993.6 8
1075 10 557.2
1158.8 12
5 to 12
i
Espesor Carpeta de Hº (cm)

35.64
As 2 / As 1 = = 1.6
22.27
 M u1  to , h r  M u1  to , h r  M u1  to , h r  M u1  to , h r  M u1  to , h r 
 i 0  i 1  i 2  i 3  i 4
= = = = =
to = Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr 
i  i 0  i 1  i 2  i 3  i 4
1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
5 cm
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
6
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
8
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
10
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
12

3) Características del tercer perfil:

d := 253⋅ mm b f := 254⋅ mm tf := 14.2⋅ mm

As := 2 ⋅ b f ⋅ tf + ( d − 2 ⋅ tf ) ⋅ tw
2
tw := 8.64⋅ mm As = 91.54 cm

( d − 2⋅ tf ) 3
3
bf ⋅ d
( ) 4
Is := − bf − tw ⋅ Is = 11111.8 cm
12 12

Altura Tablero: Espesor Carpeta Hormigón:

 0   5 
 1.5   6 
   
h r :=  2  ⋅ in j := 0 .. 4 to :=  8  ⋅ cm i := 0 .. 4
   
 2.5   10 
 3   12 
 

 25.3 
Altura hasta el fondo de la carpeta:
 29.1 
 
d 1 ( h r) := d + h r d 1 ( h r) =  30.4  cm
 
 31.6 
 32.9 


a1 := 2 ⋅ cm

 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As 2 ⋅ n ⋅ As  d  
a( to , h r) := roota1 +
2
⋅ a1 − ⋅ + h r + t o  , a1
 b b 2  

b  to  d Posición del Eje neutro de la

⋅ to⋅  d + hr + + As⋅
2 
sección bruta reducida sin
n  2
y g2 ( to , h r) := if a( to , h r) ≥ to fisuración del Hº (Estado I):
b
⋅ t + As
n o Posición del eje neutro de la
( d + h r + to ) − a( to , h r) if a( to , h r) < to sección reducida fisurada
  (Estado II):
Momento de Inercia que le corresponde a la sección en función de la posición del EN.

  to 
2 
 d
2
b 2  b 
Irt2( to , h r) :=  Is + As⋅   + ⋅ to ⋅  d + h r + − y g2 ( t o , h r) ⋅  As + ⋅ t   if y g2 ( t o , h r) < ( d + h r)
 2 n  2   n o 
 
b  d + h r + to + y g2 ( to , h r) 
2
2
 d 
 Is + As⋅   + ( d + h r + to ) ⋅ ⋅   ...  if y g2 ( t o , h r) ≥ d + h r
 2 n  2  
 g2 ( o r)  
2
b   d + h r + t o + y t , h 
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y ( t , h ) ) ⋅ ⋅ ... 
 g2 o r n   
 2 
 2  b  
 + ( −1 ) ⋅ ( y g2 ( to , h r) ) ⋅  As + ⋅ ( d + h r + to − y g2 ( to , h r) )  
  n  

Determinación de los módulos resistentes:

Irt2( to , h r)
So2 ( to , h r) :=
h ( to , h r) − y g2 ( to , h r)

Irt2( to , h r)
Su2 ( to , h r) :=
y g2 ( to , h r)

tonf tonf
La capacidad portante será según la fibra superior: fc := 0.210⋅ Fy := 2.4⋅
2 2
cm cm

Primer Perfil W10 x 12

M o ( to , h r) := n ⋅ So ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.45⋅ fc

M u ( to , h r) := Su ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.66⋅ Fy
Capacidad Portante - Sección Compuesta 1
1
Mu to , hr  ⋅ = to = 3000
 i 3  tonf ⋅ cm i
Momento Admisible (tonf cm)

557.2 5 cm 1
2400
Mo to , hr  ⋅
575.3 6  i 3  tonf ⋅cm
1800
626.9 8 1
Mu to , hr  ⋅
680 10  i 3  tonf ⋅cm 1200

734.6 12
600

0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
to
i
Espesor Carpeta de Hº (cm)
Tercer Perfil W10 x 49

M o2 ( to , h r) := n ⋅ So2 ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.45⋅ fc

M u2 ( to , h r) := Su2 ( to , h r) ⋅ 0.66⋅ Fy
Capacidad Portante - Sección Compuesta 3
1
M u2  to , h r  ⋅ = to = 5000
 i 3  tonf ⋅ cm i 4700

Momento Admisible (tonf cm)

2246.2 5 cm 1
4400
Mo2 to , hr  ⋅ 4100
2325.3 6  i 3  tonf ⋅cm
3800
2470.2 8 1 3500
Mu2 to , hr  ⋅
2605.7 10  i 3  tonf ⋅cm 3200

2743.5 12 2900
2600
2300
2000
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
to
91.54 i
As 3 / As 1 = = 4.1 Espesor Carpeta de Hº (cm)
22.27

M u2  to , h r  M u2  to , h r  M u2  to , h r  M u2  to , h r  M u2  to , h r 
 i 0  i 1  i 2  i 3  i 4
to = = = = = =
i Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr  Mu to , hr 
 i 0  i 1  i 2  i 3  i 4
5 cm
4.3 4.1 4.1 4 4
6
4.2 4.1 4.1 4 4
8
4 4 3.9 3.9 3.9
10
3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8
12
3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7

Aparentemente la capacidad portante de los perfiles W, dentro de una serie dada, se multiplica por la
misma relación del incremento de su peso unitario.