


 ≤
>
α≤
𝑉𝑑 ≤ 𝑅𝑑
φ
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐 ∙ 𝑁𝑐 + 𝑞 ∙ 𝑁𝑞
 1
𝑞𝑢 = 𝑐 ∙ 𝑁𝑐 + 𝑞 ∙ 𝑁𝑞 + 𝛾 ∙ 𝐵 ∙ 𝑁𝛾
2

γ∙

𝛾 γ
 1
𝑞ℎ = 𝑐 ∙ 𝑁𝑐 ∙ 𝑠𝑐 ∙ 𝑖𝑐 ∙ 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑞 ∙ 𝑁𝑞 ∙ 𝑠𝑞 ∙ 𝑖𝑞 ∙ 𝑑𝑞 + 𝛾 ∙ 𝐵 ∗ ∙ 𝑁𝛾 ∙ 𝑠𝛾 ∙ 𝑖𝛾 ∙ 𝑑𝛾
2
φ
 ∅
𝑁𝑞 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (45 + ) 𝑒 𝜋 tg(∅)
2

𝑁𝑐 = (𝑁𝑞 − 1) cot(∅)

𝑁𝛾 = 2(𝑁𝑞 + 1) tan(∅)
γ

𝑁𝛾 = 1.5(𝑁𝑞 + 1) tan(∅)

𝑁𝑞 = 1 𝑁𝑐 = 𝜋 + 2 = 5,14 𝑁𝛾 = 0

𝜋+2
γ
γ
γ

𝐷
𝑑𝑞 = 1 + 2 tg(∅) (1 − sen ∅)2 arctan ( )
𝐵∗
 𝑁𝑞 𝐷
𝑑𝐶 = 1 + 2 (1 − sen ∅)2 arctan ( ∗ )
𝑁𝑐 𝐵

𝑑𝛾 = 1

𝑖𝑞 = (1 − 0,7 tg 𝛿𝐵 )3 (1 − tg 𝛿𝐿 )

𝑖𝑞 𝑁𝑞 − 1
𝑖𝑐 =
𝑁𝑞 − 1

𝑖ᵞ = (1 − tg 𝛿𝐵 )3 (1 − tg 𝛿𝐿 )

𝑖𝑞 = 1

1 𝐻
𝑖𝑐 = (1 + √1 − ∗ ∗ )
2 𝐵 𝐿𝑐

𝑖𝛾 : 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛, 𝑦𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑁𝛾 = 0
 γ

𝑎2
𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 + 𝑞̅ 𝑁𝑞 + 0,5𝛾𝐵𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑁𝑞 =
∅
𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (45 + 2 )

𝑎 = 𝑒 (0,75𝜋−∅/2) tan ∅

𝑁𝑐 = (𝑁𝑞 − 1) cot ∅

tan ∅ 𝐾𝑝𝛾
𝑁𝛾 = (cos2 ∅ − 1)
2
 𝜋+1

𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑞̅𝑁𝑞 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 + 0,5𝛾𝐵′𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾

𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 + 𝑞̅𝑁𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 + 0,5𝛾𝐵′𝑁𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾

∅
𝑁𝑞 = tan2 (45 + ) 𝑒 𝜋 tan(∅)
2

𝑁𝑐 = (𝑁𝑞 − 1) cot(∅)

𝑁𝛾 = (𝑁𝑞 − 1) tg(1,4∅)
 𝐵
𝑠𝑐 = 1 + 0,2 𝐾𝑝
𝐿
≤
𝐵
𝑠𝑞 = 𝑠𝛾 = 1 + 0,1 𝐾𝑝
𝐿

𝑠𝑞 = 𝑠𝛾 = 1

𝐷
𝑑𝑐 = 1 + 0,2 √𝐾𝑝
𝐵
≤
𝐷
𝑑𝑞 = 𝑑𝛾 = 1 + 0,1 √𝐾𝑝
𝐵

𝑑𝑞 = 𝑑𝛾 = 1

𝜃° 2
𝑖𝑐 = 𝑖𝑞 = (1 − )
∅°
≤
𝜃° 2
𝑖𝛾 = (1 − )
∅°

𝑖𝛾 = 0 𝑠𝑖 𝜃 > 0

𝜃 𝜃

𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 𝑐𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 𝑔𝑐 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑞̅𝑁𝑞 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 𝑔𝑞 𝑏𝑞 + 0,5𝛾𝐵´𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾 𝑔𝛾 𝑏𝛾

𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 5,14𝑠𝑢 (1 + 𝑠𝑐´ + 𝑑𝑐´ − 𝑖𝑐´ − 𝑏𝑐´ − 𝑔𝑐´ ) + 𝑞̅

𝑁𝑞 = 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑜𝑓

𝑁𝑐 = 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑜𝑓

 𝑁𝛾 = 1,5(𝑁𝑞 − 1) tan(∅)

𝑁𝑞 = 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑜𝑓

𝑁𝑐 = 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑦𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑜𝑓

𝑁𝛾 = 2 (𝑁𝑞 + 1) tan(∅)

′ 𝐵∗ 𝑑𝑐′ = 0,4𝑘 (∅ = 0𝑜 )
𝑠𝑐(ℎ) = 0,2 (∅ = 0𝑜 )
𝐿∗
𝑑𝑐 = 1,0 + 0,4𝑘
𝑁𝑞 𝐵∗
𝑠𝑐(𝐻) = 1,0 + ·
𝑁𝑐 𝐿∗
𝑘 = 𝐷⁄𝐵 𝑠𝑖 𝐷⁄𝐵 ≤ 1
𝑁𝑞 𝐵
𝑠𝑐(𝑉) = 1,0 + · 𝑘 = tan−1(𝐷⁄𝐵) 𝑠𝑖 𝐷⁄𝐵 > 1
𝑁𝑐 𝐿

𝑠𝑐 = 1,0 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑎 𝑘 𝑒𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑠

𝐵∗
𝑠𝑞(𝐻) = 1.0 + ∗ 𝑠𝑒𝑛∅
𝐿
𝑑𝑞 = 1 + 2𝑡𝑎𝑛∅(1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛∅)2 𝑘
𝐵
𝑠𝑞(𝑉) = 1.0 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛∅
𝐿 𝑘 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑎

𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 ∅

𝐵∗
𝑠𝛾(𝐻) = 1. −0.4 ≥ 0.6
𝐿∗
𝑑𝛾 = 1.00 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒 ∅
𝐵
𝑠𝛾(𝑉) = 1. −0.4 ≥ 0.6
𝐿
 𝐻𝑖 𝛽°
𝑖𝑐′ = 0,5 − √1 − 𝑔𝑐´ =
𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 147°

𝛽°
1 − 𝑖𝑞 𝑔𝑐 = 1,0 −
𝑖𝑐 = 𝑖𝑞 − 147°
𝑁𝑞 − 1

𝛼1 𝑔𝑞 = 𝑔𝛾 = (1 − 0,5 tan 𝛽)5

0,5 𝐻𝑖
𝑖𝑞 = [1 − ]
𝑉 + 𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 cot ∅

2 ≤ 𝛼1 ≤ 5
𝜂𝑜
0,7𝐻𝑖
𝛼2 𝑏𝑐′ = (𝜙 = 0)
𝑖𝛾 = [1 − ] 147𝑜
𝑉 + 𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑡∅
𝜂𝑜
𝛼2 𝑏𝑐 = 1 − (𝜙 > 0)
(0,7 − 𝜂 𝑜 ⁄450𝑜 )𝐻𝑖 147𝑜
𝑖𝛾 = [1 − ]
𝑉 + 𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑡∅
𝑏𝑞 = 𝑒𝑥𝑝(−2𝜂 tan 𝜙)

2 ≤ 𝛼2 ≤ 5 𝑏𝛾 = 𝑒𝑥𝑝(−2,7𝜂 tan 𝜙)

𝜂 𝑒𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑠
 𝑚𝐻𝑖 𝛽
𝑖𝑐′ = 1 − (∅ = 0) 𝑔𝑐′ = 𝛽 𝑒𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑠
𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 𝑁𝑐 5,14

1 − 𝑖𝑞
1 − 𝑖𝑞 𝑔𝑐 = 𝑖𝑞 − ∅>0
𝑖𝑐 = 𝑖𝑞 − (∅ > 0) 5,14𝑡𝑎𝑛∅
𝑁𝑞 − 1
𝑖𝑞 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑐
𝑖𝑞 𝑦 𝑚 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜

𝑚
𝑔𝑞 = 𝑔𝛾 = (1 − tan 𝛽)2
𝐻𝑖
𝑖𝑞 = [1,0 − ]
𝑉 + 𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 cot ∅

𝑚+1
𝐻𝑖
𝑖𝛾 = [1,0 − ]
𝑉 + 𝐴𝑓 𝐶𝑎 cot ∅ 𝑏𝑐′ = 𝑔𝑐′ (𝜙 = 0)

2 + 𝐵 ⁄𝐿 2𝛽
𝑚 = 𝑚𝐵 = 𝑏𝑐 = 1 −
1 + 𝐵 ⁄𝐿 5,14 tan ∅

2 + 𝐿 ⁄𝐵 𝑏𝑞 = 𝑏𝛾 = (1,0 − 𝜂 tan 𝜙)2

𝑚 = 𝑚𝐿 =
1 + 𝐿 ⁄𝐵

≤
 φ

< <

∙γ ∙γ -γ

γ γ -γ

< <

𝑑
𝛾̅ = 𝛾′ + 0,6 (𝛾 − 𝛾′) ≤ 𝛾
𝐵∗

>
 𝛾 = 𝛾′ − 𝑖𝑣 . 𝛾𝑤

𝜑=0

𝑞𝑢
𝑐 = 𝑆𝑢
2

φ
𝑞ℎ = 𝑆𝑢 𝑁𝑐 + 𝑞

𝑞ℎ
𝐹ℎ =
𝑞𝑎𝑑𝑚

φ γ
 𝐷 𝑆𝑡
𝑞𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 12 ∙ 𝑁𝑆𝑃𝑇 ∙ (1 + ∗
) · ( ) (𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚2 )
3·𝐵 25
≥

𝐷 𝐵 ∗ + 0,3 2 𝑆𝑡
𝑞𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 8. 𝑁𝑆𝑃𝑇 . (1 + )·( ) · ( ) (𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚2 )
3 · 𝐵∗ 𝐵∗ 25

𝐷
(1 + 3·𝐵∗)
 𝑁 = 2,5 𝑞𝑐

≥
𝑄𝑎𝑑𝑚 ≈ 0,2 𝑞𝑢
 𝑄𝑎𝑑𝑚 ≈ (0,1 − 0,6) 𝑞𝑢

α α α

1
𝑄𝑎𝑑𝑚 ≈ 𝛼1 ∙ 𝛼2 ∙ 𝛼3 ∙ 𝑞𝑢2

𝑄𝑑 = 𝐾𝑠𝑝 ∙ 𝑞𝑢

𝑠
3+𝐵
𝐾𝑠𝑝 =
𝑎
10√1 + 300 𝑠
𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑆𝑖 + 𝑆𝑐 + 𝑆𝑠
σ´v
 ν ≤

σ
Δσ

ℎ𝑖 𝜎𝑖𝑜 + ∆𝜎𝑖
𝑆𝑖 = · 𝐶𝑐𝑖 · log10 ( )
1+ 𝑒𝑜𝑖 𝜎𝑖𝑜
 𝑠 = ∑ 𝑠𝑖
𝑖

𝑆𝑐 ≈ 𝑆𝑒𝑑𝑜𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜

𝑆𝑡 ≈ 1,1 · 𝑆𝑐 → 𝑆𝑐 ≈ 0,5 · 𝑆𝑡

𝑆𝑡 ≈ 𝑆𝑒𝑑𝑜𝑚é𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜

𝑆𝑖 ≈ 0,5 · 𝑆𝑡 → 𝑆𝑐 ≈ 0,5 · 𝑆𝑡
 𝑇 · 𝐻𝑑2
𝑡=
𝐶𝑣

𝐻 = ∑ ℎ𝑓
 ∑ ∆𝜎𝑖 · ℎ𝑖
𝐸=
∆𝜎
∑ ( 𝑖 ) · ℎ𝑖
𝐸𝑖

Δσ
 Δσ

∆𝜎 = 𝑝 · (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝛼)

𝐴
𝑎 = √𝜋

2𝜀 + sen 2𝜀
∆𝜎 = 𝑝 ·
𝜋

ε
 Δσ

∑ 𝜈𝑖 · ℎ𝑖 · ∆𝜎
𝜈=
∑ ℎ𝑖 · ∆𝜎

1,5
𝐸𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 = 𝐸
1+𝜈

𝜈𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑜 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 = 0,5

ν
 δ

𝛽 = 𝛿𝑠 /𝐿
θ
