EJERCICIO N° 01

Se tiene un conjunto de 4 muestras de un yacimiento de zinc cuyas leyes son:

Z(X1) = 8.2%
Z(X2) = 9.6%
Z(X3) = 13.1%
Z(X4) = 6.4%
El semivariograma a considerar se ajusta a un modelo tipo esférico con los siguientes datos:
Alcance: a = 250m
Efecto: Co=17
C=66
Calcular utilizando el krigeage el valor de la ley en el punto “Xo” situado como se ubicado en la
figura.
100m
X1 (K1)
(0 ; 100)

100m

X0 (0; 0) X2 (K2)
(200 ; 0)

X3 (K3)
(100 ; -50)

X4 (K4)
(-100 ; -100)

SOLUCIÓN
1. Se plantea el sistema de ecuaciones de Krigeage para los 4 puntos:

K1γ 1,1 + K2 γ 1,2 + K3 γ 1,3 + K4 γ 1,4 + μ = γ 0,1

K γ1 2,1 + K2 γ 2,2 + K3 γ 2,3 + K4 γ 2,4 + μ = γ 0,2
K γ1 3,1 + K2 γ 3,2 + K3 γ 3,3 + K4 γ 3,4 + μ = γ 0,3
K γ 1 4,1 + K2 γ 4,2 + K3 γ 4,3 + K4 γ4,4 + μ = γ0,4
K1 + K2 + K3 + K4 = 1

2. Se calcula todos los variogramas o semivariogramas (γij) a partir del modelo esférico
Matheron.

3 h 1 h3
Co + C1 ⌈ − () ( )
2 a 2 a3
⌉ ; ∀ h≤ a

γ =γ
ij (h) =
 Co + C1; ∀ h>a

3 0 1 03
Co + C1 ⌈ ( ) ( )
−
2 250 2 2503
⌉; ∀ h≤a

1. γ11 = γ
(h) =

Co + C1; ∀ h>a

3 0 1 03
γ11 = γ(h=0) = 17 + 66 ⌈ ( ) ( )
−
2 250 2 2503
⌉

γ11 = γ
(h=0) = = 17 + 0 = 17

3 223.607 1 223.6073
2. γ12 = γ(h=√ (200−0)2
+(0−100)2
=223.607 ) = 17 + 66
⌈
2 250
−
2 2503( ⌉ ) ( )
γ12 = γ
(h=223.607) = = 17 + 66(0.9839) = 81.94
3 180.278 1 180.278 3
3. γ13 = γ(h=√ (100−0) +(−50−100) =180.278) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 250 3
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ13 = γ
(h=180.278) = = 17 + 66(0.8942) = 76.02
3 223.607 1 223.6073
4. γ14 = γ(h=√ (−100−0) +(−100−100) =223.607) = 17 + 66 ⌈ 2
2 2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ14 = γ
(h=223.607) = = 17 + 66(0.9839) = 81.94
3 100 1 1003
5. γ01 = γ(h=√ (0−0) +(100−0) =100) = 17 + 66 2 250 − 2
2
⌈ 2
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ01 = γ
(h=100) = = 17 + 66(0.5680) = 54.49

3 223.607 1 223.6073
6. γ21 = γ(h=√ (0−200) +(100−0) =223.607 ) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 2503 (
⌉ ) ( )
γ21 = γ
(h=223.607) = = 17 + 66(0.9839) = 81.94
3 0 1 03
7. γ22 = γ(h=0) = 17 + 66 2 250 2
⌈ −
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ22 = γ
(h=0) = 17
3 111.803 1 111.8033
8. γ23 = γ(h=√ (100−200)2
+(−50−0)2
=111.803 ) = 17 + 66
⌈
2 250
−
2 2503 (⌉ ) ( )
γ 23 = γ = 17 + 66(0.6261) = 58.32
(h=111.803) =

9. γ = γ √ (−100−200) +(−100−0) =316.228>a

2 2
24 (h= ) = 17 + 66
γ 24 =γ ¿ a = 17 + 66(0.8854) = 83
(h=316.228 )=
 3 200 1 2003
10. γ02 = γ(h=√ (200−0) +(0−0) =200) = 17 + 66 ⌈ 2 250 − 2
2 2
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 02 = γ
(h=200) = = 17 + 66(0.9440) = 79.30

3 180.278 1 180.278 3
11. γ31 = γ(h=√ (0−100) +(100+50) =180.278) = 17 + 66 ⌈ 2
2 2
250
−
2 250 3
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 31 = γ
(h=180.278) = = 17 + 66(0.8942) = 76.02
3 111.803 1 111.8033
12. γ32 = γ(h=√ (200−100) +(0+50) =111.803) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 32 = γ
(h=111.803) = = 17 + 66(0.6261) = 58.32
3 0 1 03
13. γ33 = γ(h=0) = 17 + 66 2 250 2
⌈ −
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ = γ = 17
33 (h=0)

3 206.155 1 206.155
14. γ = γ √ (−100−100) +(−100+50) =206.155
34 (h=
2 2
) = 17 + 66 ⌈ 2 250 (
−
2 2503 ) (
⌉
)
γ 34 = γ
(h=206.155) = = 17 + 66(0.9566) = 80.13
3 111.803 1 111.8033
15. γ03 = γ(h=√ (100−0) +(−50−0) =111.803) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 03 = γ
(h=111.803) = = 17 + 66(0.6261) = 58.32

3 223.607 1 223.6073
16. γ41 = γ(h=√ (0+ 100) +(100+100) =223.607) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ =γ
41 = 17 + 66(0.9839) = 81.94
(h=223.607) =

17. γ = γ √ (200+100) +( 0+100) =316.228>a

2 2
42 (h= ) = 17 + 66
γ =γ
42
¿ a = 17 + 66 = 83
(h=316.228 )

3 206.155 1 206.1553
18. γ43 = γ(h=√ (100+100) +(−50+100) =206.155) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 43 = γ
(h=206.155) = = 17 + 66(0.9566) = 80.13
3 0 1 03
19. γ44 = γ(h=0) = 17 + 66 2 250 2
⌈ −
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 44 = γ
(h=0) = 17
3 141.421 1 141.4213
20. γ04 = γ(h=√ (−100−0)2
+(−100−0)2
=141.421 ) = 17 + 66
⌈
2 250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 04 = γ
(h=141.421) = = 17 + 66(0.7580) = 67.03

3. Sustituir los valores de los variogramas calculados en la ecuación de KRIGEAGE y resolver el sistema
de ecuaciones con matrices.
 17 K1 + 81.94 K2 + 76.02 K3 + 81.94 K4 + 1 μ = 54.49
81.94 K1 + 17 K2 + 58.32 K3 + 83 K4 + 1 μ = 79.30
76.02 K1 + 58.32 K2 + 17 K3 + 80.13 K4 + 1 μ = 58.32
81.94 K1 + 83 K2 + 80.13 K3 + 17 K4 + 1 μ = 67.03
K1 + K2 + K3 + K4 + 0 μ = 1

HALLANDO LOS VALORES DE K1, K2, K3, K4

17 81.94 76.02 81.94 1

|81.94

81.94
1
17
∆= 76.02 58.32
83

∆=784170.76
1
58.32
17
80.13
1
83

17
1
1
80.13 1
1
0
|
81.94 76.02 81.94 1 54.49

|
17
∆ 1= 58.32
83
1
58.32
17
80.13

∆ 1=333481.84
1
83

17
1
1
80.13 1
1
0
79.30
58.32
67.03
1
|
17 76.02 81.94 1 54.49

|
81.94 58.32
∆ 2= 76.02 17
81.94 80.13
1

∆ 2=−42871.99
1
83

17
1
1
80.13 1
1
0
79.30
58.32
67.03
1
|
17 81.94 81.94 1 54.49

|
81.94

1
17

83

∆ 3=293620.27
1
83

17
1
1
∆ 3= 76.02 58.32 80.13 1
81.94 1
0
79.30
58.32
67.03
1
|
17 81.94 76.02 1 54.49

|
81.94

81.94
1
17
∆ 4= 76.02 58.32
83

∆ 4=199940.63
1
58.32 1 79.30
17 1 58.32
80.13 1 67.03
1 0 1
|
∆ 1 333481.84
K 1= = =0.425267
∆ 784170.76
 ∆ 2 −42871.99
K 2= = =−0.054672
∆ 784170.76
∆ 3 293620.27
K 3= = =0.374434
∆ 784170.76
∆ 4 199940.63
K 4= = =0.254971
∆ 784170.76
Finalmente se calcula la Ley del punto X0:
LeyZ ( X 0 )=Z ( X 1 ) K 1+ Z ( X 2 ) K 2+Z ( X 3 ) K 3+ Z ( X 4 ) K 4
LeyZ ( X 0 )=( 8.2 ) ( 0.425267 ) + ( 9.6 )(−0.054672 ) + ( 13.1 ) ( 0.374434 ) + ( 6.4 )( 0.254971)
LeyZ ( X 0 )=9.499 %

100m
X1 (K1) X0 (0; 0)
(-100 ; 0)

100m

X2 (K2)
(100 ; -100)

X3 (K3)
(0 ; -150)

X4 (K4)
(-200 ; -200)

Z(X1) = 8.2%
Z(X2) = 9.6%
Z(X3) = 13.1%
Z(X4) = 6.4%
a = 250m
Co=17
C=66
3 100 1 1003
1. γ01 = γ(h=√ (−100−0) +(0−0) =100) = 17 + 66 2 250 − 2
2 2
⌈
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 01 = γ
(h=100) = = 17 + 66(0.5680) = 54.49

3 141.421 1 141.4213
2. γ02 = γ(h=√ (100−0) +(−100−0) =141.421) = 17 + 66 2
2
⌈ 2
250
−
2 2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 02 = γ
(h=141.421) = = 17 + 66(0.7580) = 67.03

3 150 1 1503
3. γ03 = γ(h=√ (0−0) +(−150−0) =150) = 17 + 66 2 250 − 2
2
⌈ 2
2503
⌉ ( ) ( )
γ 03 = γ
(h=150) = = 17 + 66(0.7920) = 69.27
4. γ
04 =γ √(−200−0) +(−200−0) =282.843> a = 17 + 66
(h=
2 2
)

γ
04 =γ = 17 + 66= 83
(h=282.843>a) =

17 K1 + 81.94 K2 + 76.02 K3 + 81.94 K4 + 1 μ = 54.49

81.94 K1 + 17 K2 + 58.32 K3 + 83 K4 + 1 μ = 67.03
76.02 K1 + 58.32 K2 + 17 K3 + 80.13 K4 + 1 μ = 69.27
81.94 K1 + 83 K2 + 80.13 K3 + 17 K4 + 1 μ = 83
K1 + K2 + K3 + K4 + 0 μ = 1
HALLANDO LOS VALORES DE K1, K2, K3, K4

17 81.94 76.02 81.94 1

|81.94

81.94
1
17
∆= 76.02 58.32
83
1
58.32
17
80.13
1
83

17
1
1
80.13 1
1
0
|
17 58.32 83 1 81.94 58.32 83 1 81.94 17 83 1
¿ 17∗
|
58.32

1
17
83 80.13
1
80.13
17
1
1
1
0
| |
−81.94∗ 76.02 17
81.94 80.13
1 1
80.13
17
1
1
1
0
| |
+76.02∗ 76.02
81.94
1
58.32
83
1
80.13
17
1
1
0
|
1 −81.94

196042689033
∆=
250000

81.94 76.02 81.94 1 54.49

|
17
∆ 1= 58.32
83
1
58.32
17
80.13
1
83

17
1
1 67.03
80.13 1 69.27
1
0
83
1
|
58.32 83 1 67.03 17 83 1 67.03 81.94 58.32 1 67.03

|
¿ 81.94∗ 17
80.13
1
17
1
1
0
83
1
| | 83
1
17
1
1
0
83
1
| |
80.13 1 69.27 −76.02∗ 58.32 80.13 1 69.27 +81.94∗ 76.02 17
81.94 80.13 1
1 1 0
83
1
|
1 69.27 −1∗

6183457428750001
∆ 1=
15625000000

17 76.02 81.94 1 54.49

|
81.94 58.32
∆ 2= 76.02 17
81.94 80.13
1 1
83

17
1
1 67.03
80.13 1 69. .27
1
0
83
1
|
58.32 83 1 67.03 81.94 83 1 67.03 81.94 58.32 1 67.03 81

|
¿ 17∗ 17
80.13
1
17
1
1
0
83
1
| | 81.94
1
17
1
1
0
83
1
| |
80.13 1 69.27 −76.02∗ 76.02 80.13 1 69.27 +81.94∗ 76.02 17
81.94 80.13 1
1 1 0
83
1
||
1 69.27 −1∗ 76
81

6717376379
∆ 2=
31250
 17 81.94 81.94 1 54.49

|
81.94

1
17

83
1
83

17
1
1 67.03
∆ 3= 76.02 58.32 80.13 1 69.27
81.94 1
0
83
1
|
17 83 1 67.03 81.94 83 1 67.03 81.94 17 1 67.03 81

| 1 1
1
0
83
1
81.94
1
| |
17
1
1
0
83
1
81.94
1
83
1
1
0
83
1
| |
¿ 17∗ 58.32 80.13 1 69.27 −81.94∗ 76.02 80.13 1 69.27 + 81.94∗ 76.02 58.32 1 69.27 −1∗ 76
83 17 81 ||
27859454721
∆ 3=
250000

17 81.94 76.02 1 54.49

|
81.94

81.94
1
17
∆ 4= 76.02 58.32
83
1
58.32 1 67.03
17 1 69.27
80.13 1
1 0
83
1
|
17 58.32 1 67.03 81.94 58.32 1 67.03 81.94 17 1 67.03 81
¿ 17∗
|
58.32 17 1
83 80.13 1
1 1 0
69.27
83
1
−81.94∗ 76.02
| |
17 1 69.27
81.94 80.13 1 83
1 1 0 1
+ 76.02∗ 76.02
81.94
1
58.32
83
1
1
1
0
69.27
83
1
| |
−1∗ 76
81 ||
775445221
∆ 4=
12500

6183457428750001 6717376379
∆1 15625000000 ∆2 31250
K 1= = =0.504662K 2= = =0.274119
∆ 196042689033 ∆ 196042689033
250000 250000
27859454721 775445221
∆3 250000 ∆4 12500
K 3= = =0.142109K 4= = =0.07911
∆ 196042689033 ∆ 196042689033
250000 250000

Finalmente se calcula la Ley del punto X0:

LeyZ ( X 0 )=Z ( X 1 ) K 1+ Z ( X 2 ) K 2+Z ( X 3 ) K 3+ Z ( X 4 ) K 4
LeyZ ( X 0 )=( 8.2 ) ( 0.504662 ) + ( 9.6 ) ( 0.274119 ) + ( 13.1 ) ( 0.142109 ) + ( 6.4 )( 0.07911 )

LeyZ ( X 0 )=9.13 %