Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
OBJETIVO GENERAL:
Conocer la operación básica tipo contacto y tipo bobina de los PLC.
OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS:
Al finalizar el laboratorio el alumno será capaz de:
Explicar la operación de instrucción examine ON y OFF.
Explicar la operación de la instrucciones set y reset.
Realizar enclavamientos sencillos.
Utilizar marcas como control reles.
INTRODUCCIÓN TEÓRICA:
SET Y RESET.
Las operaciones Poner a 1 (S) y Poner a 0 (R) activan (ponen a 1) o desactivan (ponen
a 0) el número indicado de E/S (N) a partir de la dirección indicada (bit). Es posible
activar o desactivar un número de entradas y salidas (E/S) comprendido entre 1 y 255.
Si la operación Poner a 0 indica un bit de temporización (T) o un bit de contaje (C), se
desactivará el bit de temporización o de contaje y se borrará el valor actual del
temporizador o del contador, respectivamente.
PROCEDIMIENTO.
Las funciones de latch y unlatch en este PLC se denominan SET y RESET
34
Dibujar el siguiente diagrama de escalera en el software de programación del S7-200.
Es necesaria una familiarización con las características y operaciones básicas de este dispositivo para
procedimientos de programación específicos.
Haciendo clic con el ratón en los elementos de la barra arme el siguiente peldaño
35
Utilice las flechas para realizar ramales
Programe el peldaño 4
36
Modifique el programa anterior y agregue la marca para la auto retención
Cuando se encuentra programando y se muestra un cuadro sobre un elemento puede presionar la tecla
F1 para mostrar la ayuda.
Guarde el programa y compruebe la operación.
EJERCICIOS.
• Programe un arranque de un motor desde dos puntos. Utilizando dos botoneras START y STOP.
• Programe un arranque de dos motores simultáneamente con un tan solo pulsador de marcha y
con dos pulsadores de paro por separado.
37
Apague la computadora y el PLC. Desconecte los equipos y deje todo limpio y ordenado en el
laboratorio.
When the Set and Reset instructions are executed, the specified number of points (N) starting at the
S_BIT are set (turned on) or reset (turned off)
The Positive Transition contact allows power to flow for one scan for each off-to-on transition.
In STL, the Positive Transition contact is represented by the Edge Up instruction. Upon detection of a 0-
to-1 transition in the value on the top of the stack, the top of the stack value is set to 1; otherwise, it is set
to 0.
The Negative Transition contact allows power to flow for one scan, for each on-to-off transition.
In STL, the Negative Transition contact is represented by the Edge Down instruction. Upon detection of a
1-to-0 transition in the value on the top of the stack, the top of the stack value is set to 1; otherwise, it is
set to 0.
Programs for an S7-200 CPU are constructed from three basic elements: the main program, subroutines
(optional), and interrupt routines (optional). an S7-200
program is structured into the following organizational elements:
_ Main program: The main body of the program is where you place the instructions that control your
application. The instructions in the main program are executed sequentially, once per scan of the CPU.
_ Subroutines: These optional elements of your program are executed only when called from the main
program. Place the subroutines after the end of the main program
_ Interrupt routines: These optional elements of your program are executed on each occurrence of the
interrupt event. Place the interrupt routines after the end of the main program
There is no other requirement for locating the subroutines and interrupt
routines within your program. You can mix subroutines and interrupt routines following the main program;
however, in order to provide a program structure that is easy to read and understand, consider grouping
38
all of the subroutines together after the main program, and then group all of the interrupt routines together
after the subroutines.
Special Memory Byte SMB0 (SM0.0 to SM0.7)
SM Bits Description
SM0.0 This bit is always on.
SM0.1 This bit is on for the first scan. One use is to call an initialization subroutine.
SM0.2 This bit is turned on for one scan if retentive data was lost. This bit can be used as either an error
memory bit or as a mechanism to invoke a special startup sequence.
SM0.3 This bit is turned on for one scan when RUN mode is entered from a power-up condition. This bit
can be used to provide machine warm-up time before starting an operation.
SM0.4 This bit provides a clock pulse that is on for 30 seconds and off for 30 seconds, for a cycle time of
1 minute. It provides an easy-to-use delay, or a 1-minute clock pulse.
SM0.5 This bit provides a clock pulse that is on for 0.5 seconds and then off for 0.5 seconds, for a cycle
time of 1 second. It provides an easy-to-use delay or a 1-second clock pulse.
SM0.6 This bit is a scan clock which is on for one scan and then off for the next scan. This bit can be used
as a scan counter input.
SM0.7 This bit reflects the position of the Mode switch (off is TERM position, and on is RUN position). If
you use this bit to enable Freeport mode when the switch is in the RUN position, normal communication
with the programming device can be enabled by switching to the TERM position.
39