1st Conditional

If + person + verb in present […], person + will + verb in infinitive

If you go now, you'll (you+will) see the movie from the beginning.
(Si [tú] vas ahora, [tú] verás la película desde el comienzo).
En el primer condicional hablamos de una acción que se concretará en futuro
perfecto (amarás, podrás, jugarás…) si se realiza la acción especificada en
presente acompañada por el condicional (si vas, si miras, si juegas…).
El auxiliar "will" tine significado solo si es acompañado por un verbo en
infinitivo. Así, tenemos acciones en futuro commo: will run (corers), will win
(ganarás), will sell (venders), will get (llegarás), will cut (cortarás), will fly
(volarás), will park (aparcarás/estacionarás), will dry (secarás), will see
(verás)…

Negación: cuando tenemos un verbo (not + verbo) que va a negar en la

oración, la forma de negación dependerá de la función que ocupe en la
oración. Es decir, si va a funcionar en presente o en futuro. Así, este verbo
"not + see" negará de dos formas diferentes según:
…si ocupa el lugar del futuro: won't (will not) see.
…si ocupa el lugar de presente: don't (do not) see.
Cuando hay dos negaciones tenemos que ver cuál de las dos no haríamos
primero para que no la otra no suceda.

DON'T - PRESENTE (siempre acompañado por If)

WON'T - FUTURO

Para invertir una oración utilizando el condicional sin alterar su significado,

tomaremos las comas como referencia, ya que separan las dos partes de la
oración. Así, por ejemplo podemos decir:
"You will learn more, If you come to every class" y "If you come to every
class, you will learn more".
El mismo procedimiento podremos aplicar para las interrogaciones:
"If you get the job, will you earn more money?" y "Will you earn more money
if you get the job?"

Se usa el primer condicional para hablar sobre una posible acción y su

consecuencia.

En: It will be cheaper if you go by bus.

Es: Sería más barato si usas el autobús.
En: If I don't see you later, I'll see you on friday.
Es: Si no te veo luego, te veré el viernes.
En: You will learn more, If you come to every class.
Es: Aprenderás más, si vienes a todas las clases.
En: If you get the job, will you earn more money?
Es: ¿Si consigues el trabajo, ganarás más dinero?
En: You won't have time, if you don't start now.
Es: No tendrás tiempo, si no empiezas ahora.
En: If I lend you this book, will you give it back to me?
Es: Si te presto ese libro, ¿Me lo devolverás?

En: If we start walking, the bus will come.

Es: Si empezamos a caminar, vendrá el autobús.
En: He will be angry if you don't tell him.
Es: Estará (él) enojado, si (tú) no le dices.
En: If I don't write it down, I won't remember it.
Es: Si no lo escribo, no lo recordaré.
En: Will you call me if you get any news? (call, get)
Es: ¿Me llamarás si tienes noticias?
En: If you ask her nicely, she will help you.
Es: Si le preguntas (a ella) amablemente, te ayudará.
En: You won't pass if you don't study.
Es: No pasarás (tú) si no estudias.
En: If she evaluate me only the first conditional, I will pass the exam.
Es: Si ella me evalúa sólo el primer condicional, pasaré el examen.

2nd Conditional - COSAS IMAGINARIAS

En español, el equivalente del 2nd Conditional es una oración condicional
que usa el subjuntivo y luego la potencialidad. Por ejemplo:
Si no tuviera/tuviese que estudiar, tocaría más la guitarra.
If I didn't have to study I would play more the guitar.
Para negar en el 2nd Conditional, siempre usamos didn't.
Would -> potencialidad en español.
Past Simple -> subjuntivo.

If + person + past simple[…], person + would + verb in infinitive

If a bear attacked me, I'd run away.
Si un oso me atacara/atacase, (yo) correría.

Se usa el segundo condicional para hablar sobre una acción futura que es
improbable o imposible o hipotética y su consecuencia.

Would y sus contracciones:

I + would: I would / I'd
I + would not: I would not / I wouldn't
Situación del verbo "can":
If I had car, we would can drive there (MAL)
WOULD + CAN: COULD
WOULD NOT + CAN: COULDN'T
If I had car, we could drive there.

Be y su pasado ambivalente sólo en el 2nd Conditional Wacho

(anécdotas de focas en el océano)
If I/She/He/It were a seal, I'd dive into the ocean.
If I/She/He/It was a seal, I'd dive into the ocean.
En la expresión "si (yo) fuera/fuese vos" usamos la forma WERE del pasado
del verbo to be. Es decir, se escribe: "If I WERE you".

En: I'd (I would) enjoy the weekend more, If I didn't have to work on saturday.
Es: (yo) Disfrutaría más el fin de semana, si (yo) no tuviera que trabajar el
sábado.
En: If you stayed for another day, we could go shopping.
Es: Si te quedaras otro día más, podríamos ir de compras.
En: Would you wear it if I bought it for you?
Es: Lo usarías (tú) si te lo comprara (para ti)?
En: If I were you I'd get a new job.
Es: Si fuera vos conseguiría un nuevo trabajo.
En: I wouldn't work if I didn't need the money.
Es: (yo) No trabajaría si (yo) no necesitara/necesitase el dinero.
En: Would you come with me if I went to live in China?
Es: Vendrías conmigo si (yo) me fuera/fuese a vivir a China?

En: We would buy the house if it had a garden.

Es: (nosotros) Compraríamos la casa si (la casa) tuviera/tuviese jardín.
En: If I knew his number, I would phone him.
Es: Si supiera su número le telefonearía (a él).
En: You would learn more if you worked harder.
Es: (tú) Aprenderías más si trabajaras/trabajases más duro.
En: If you stayed for a week, you could see everything.
Es: Si te quedaras por una semana, podrías verlo todo.
En: I would go to the doctor's if I were you.
Es: Iría al doctor si fuese tú.

3rd Conditional
El tercer condicional se usa para hablar de una hipótesis sobre una situación
ya ocurrida y la que habría sido su consecuencia en caso de que nuestra
hipótesis hubiese ocurrido en lugar de lo que ocurrió verdaderamente en el
pasado.
P. ej.: Si hubiera sabido en el pasado lo que sé ahora, hubiera hecho las
cosas de manera diferente.
If + Person + had + verb participle (third column) […] Person + would + have
+ verb in participle (third column) […]
If I had known then what I know, I would have done things differently.
I would have done things differently, if I had known then what I know now.

SIEMPRE QUE HAYA IF, VA A IR HAD (con el verbo en participio).

WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD
HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE,
WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD
HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE… WOULD HAVE!!

be late - was/were late - been late

En: Tom got to the station in time. If he had missed the train, he would have
been late for his interview.
Es: Tom llegó a la estación a tiempo. Si él hubiera/hubiese perdido el tren, él
habría llegado tarde a su entrevista.
En: We wouldn't have stayed at this hotel if George hadn't recommended it.
Es: No nos habríamos quedado en este hotel si Jorge no nos lo hubiese
recomendado.
En: I didn't know you were in hospital. If I had known you were in hospital I
would have visited you.
Es: No sabía que estabas en el hospital. Si yo hubiese sabido que estabas
en el hospital, (yo) yo te habría visitado.
En: I didn't phone you because you didn't give me your number. If I had had
your number, I would have phoned you.
Es: No te llamé porque no me diste tu número. Si hubiese tenido tu número,
te habría llamado.

Situaciones para plantear con 3rd Conditional:

The accident happened because the driver in front stopped suddenly.
If the driver in front hadn't stopped suddenly, the accident wouldn't have
happened.
Si el conductor de enfrente no se hubiese detenido de repente el accidente
no hubiese ocurrido.

You were hungry at school because you didn't have breakfast.

If you had had breakfast you wouldn't have been hungry at school.
Si hubieras desayunado no estarías hambriento en la escuela.

She didn't buy a new car because she didn't have enough money.
If she had had enough money, she would have bought a new car.
Si ella hubiese tenido suficiente dinero, podría haber comprado el auto.

I didn't wake you up because I didn't know you had to get up early.
If I had known you had to get up early, I would have woken you up.
Si hubiese sabido que tenías que levantarte temprano, te habría despertado.

You were tired at school because you went to bed late.

If you had gone to bed early, you wouldn't have been tired at school.
Si te hubieras ido a acostar temprano no habrías estado cansado en la
escuela.

She didn't go on holiday because she didn't have enough money.

If she had had enough money, she would have gone on holiday.
Si ella hubiese tenido suficiente dinero, se habría ido de vacaciones.