GRAFICOS X-S

En la línea de jabones líquidos para lavado de ropa, el volumen en ml según la ficha

técnica, debe ser de 1600 ml, con una tolerancia de +- 5 ml. Fue implementada una nueva
envasadora automática para el llenado de los envases con el detergente líquido, por lo que
se requiere saber si la característica de calidad: “Volumen de Jabón Líquido” está
controlada estadísticamente.

Para tal efecto, el departamento de calidad ha realizado un muestreo, tomado una muestra
aleatoria de 10 envases de jabones a los cuales se les midió su volumen. El muestreo se
repitió durante 40 veces y los datos se registraron en la tabla que se muestra a continuación.
Para saber si el proceso está controlado estadísticamente, elabore las gráficas X barra
(Grafica de medias), gráfica de desviaciones S. Establezca las concusiones indicando si el
proceso está controlado estadísticamente y comparando el resultado de la gráfica:

Desarrollo paso a paso

Paso 1. Pasamos los datos (10 variables y 40 muestras) proporcionados por el ejercicio a la
herramienta Excel.

Muestras X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10
1 1,598,560 1,593,869 1,601,171 1,606,128 1,605,754 1,601,939 1,605,162 1,600,134 1,603,331 1,608,320
2 1,608,320 1,589,520 1,598,877 1,605,258 1,594,784 1,586,707 1,600,218 1,598,451 1,601,549 1,589,520
3 1,596,688 1,591,885 1,591,136 1,595,309 1,596,288 1,606,499 1,608,902 1,610,534 1,595,488 1,598,877
4 1,589,834 1,597,274 1,598,061 1,600,646 1,598,246 1,599,795 1,605,334 1,591,635 1,598,845 1,605,258
5 1,598,432 1,598,224 1,606,445 1,599,590 1,599,107 1,589,834 1,594,234 1,596,464 1,600,630 1,594,784
6 1,607,974 1,592,259 1,607,357 1,605,005 1,596,858 1,597,274 1,592,518 1,603,094 1,608,102 1,586,707
7 1,607,974 1,592,259 1,602,586 1,604,330 1,609,210 1,598,061 1,603,414 1,600,275 1,606,950 1,600,218
8 1,599,594 1,597,485 1,603,242 1,598,170 1,603,635 1,600,646 1,603,066 1,605,334 1,600,496 1,598,451
9 1,593,069 1,595,933 1,592,698 1,598,259 1,599,843 1,598,246 1,600,496 1,594,234 1,597,485 1,601,549
10 1,600,134 1,598,451 1,610,534 1,591,635 1,596,464 1,599,795 1,600,666 1,592,518 1,604,077 1,602,678
11 1,587,629 1,606,950 1,593,856 1,596,864 1,603,638 1,605,334 1,600,688 1,603,414 1,602,464 1,600,666
12 1,602,240 1,604,198 1,602,861 1,593,414 1,594,643 1,591,635 1,602,240 1,603,066 1,597,082 1,595,629
13 1,603,331 1,601,549 1,595,488 1,598,845 1,600,630 1,598,845 1,606,950 1,600,496 1,606,266 1,609,046
14 1,602,678 1,600,666 1,595,629 1,609,046 1,602,339 1,596,848 1,604,198 1,600,666 1,603,472 1,602,339
15 1,600,346 1,603,984 1,604,138 1,596,944 1,595,568 1,606,976 1,601,549 1,604,982 1,603,635 1,596,848
16 1,605,334 1,594,234 1,592,518 1,603,414 1,603,066 1,600,496 1,600,666 1,600,688 1,602,240 1,604,198
17 1,610,589 1,606,931 1,606,259 1,600,541 1,600,010 1,607,085 1,598,246 1,605,478 1,605,165 1,600,666
18 1,602,179 1,599,878 1,594,938 1,591,482 1,603,978 1,604,566 1,599,107 1,599,290 1,597,206 1,603,472
19 1,602,131 1,602,966 1,601,024 1,595,072 1,605,942 1,598,352 1,596,858 1,596,256 1,602,563 1,600,902
20 1,598,506 1,595,968 1,596,058 1,597,942 1,597,824 1,600,282 1,609,210 1,599,418 1,602,621 1,602,602
21 1,597,485 1,604,077 1,602,464 1,597,082 1,606,266 1,603,472 1,603,635 1,602,240 1,598,480 1,598,803
22 1,591,549 1,602,643 1,599,443 1,600,202 1,596,861 1,607,043 1,599,843 1,599,795 1,601,437 1,594,138
23 1,597,363 1,604,077 1,603,856 1,602,192 1,603,318 1,601,146 1,596,464 1,596,848 1,603,331 1,606,080
24 1,607,827 1,601,459 1,602,829 1,608,893 1,598,390 1,604,355 1,587,629 1,604,355 1,604,989 1,599,216
25 1,604,982 1,600,688 1,605,478 1,599,290 1,596,256 1,599,418 1,597,363 1,599,952 1,602,086 1,603,318
26 1,605,165 1,597,206 1,602,563 1,602,621 1,598,480 1,601,437 1,604,077 1,604,989 1,606,976 1,598,560
27 1,597,885 1,593,443 1,609,565 1,597,280 1,600,413 1,600,410 1,603,856 1,599,952 1,599,418 1,592,422
28 1,598,877 1,613,610 1,606,010 1,604,227 1,606,394 1,592,758 1,602,192 1,603,318 1,595,382 1,601,238
29 1,600,902 1,602,602 1,598,803 1,594,138 1,606,080 1,599,216 1,603,318 1,598,560 1,592,422 1,607,085
30 1,598,614 1,593,731 1,603,667 1,603,763 1,602,054 1,606,064 1,601,146 1,593,869 1,595,382 1,600,410
31 1,601,939 1,596,890 1,603,472 1,602,522 1,605,162 1,602,522 1,596,464 1,601,171 1,598,390 1,594,640
32 1,586,707 1,602,227 1,607,043 1,591,731 1,600,218 1,591,731 1,596,848 1,606,128 1,605,162 1,593,328
33 1,606,499 1,608,102 1,601,146 1,600,698 1,608,902 1,600,698 1,603,331 1,605,754 1,602,678 1,594,640
34 1,599,795 1,596,848 1,604,355 1,599,952 1,604,989 1,599,952 1,603,318 1,601,939 1,600,666 1,606,499
35 1,602,086 1,606,976 1,599,418 1,595,382 1,592,422 1,595,382 1,598,390 1,605,162 1,595,629 1,599,216
36 1,587,686 1,600,496 1,601,437 1,599,914 1,600,963 1,599,914 1,586,707 1,600,134 1,609,046 1,602,339
37 1,601,238 1,607,085 1,600,410 1,594,640 1,593,328 1,594,640 1,606,499 1,599,216 1,602,339 1,597,280
38 1,600,918 1,604,566 1,592,758 1,597,072 1,602,512 1,597,072 1,599,795 1,597,891 1,596,848 1,604,227
39 1,598,960 1,598,352 1,599,216 1,597,891 1,596,147 1,597,891 1,597,280 1,596,147 1,604,198 1,594,138
40 1,603,094 1,600,282 1,606,064 1,601,264 1,600,275 1,601,264 1,606,976 1,597,891 1,600,666 1,605,165
Paso 2. Calculamos la media con la formula = AVERAGE y la desviación estándar con la
formula =STDEV.S de cada uno de los datos.
Muestras X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 Media Desv.Std
1 1,598,560 1,593,869 1,601,171 1,606,128 1,605,754 1,601,939 1,605,162 1,600,134 1,603,331 1,608,320 1,602,437 4,256
2 1,608,320 1,589,520 1,598,877 1,605,258 1,594,784 1,586,707 1,600,218 1,598,451 1,601,549 1,589,520 1,597,320 7,108
3 1,596,688 1,591,885 1,591,136 1,595,309 1,596,288 1,606,499 1,608,902 1,610,534 1,595,488 1,598,877 1,599,161 6,978
4 1,589,834 1,597,274 1,598,061 1,600,646 1,598,246 1,599,795 1,605,334 1,591,635 1,598,845 1,605,258 1,598,493 4,975
5 1,598,432 1,598,224 1,606,445 1,599,590 1,599,107 1,589,834 1,594,234 1,596,464 1,600,630 1,594,784 1,597,774 4,413
6 1,607,974 1,592,259 1,607,357 1,605,005 1,596,858 1,597,274 1,592,518 1,603,094 1,608,102 1,586,707 1,599,715 7,653
7 1,607,974 1,592,259 1,602,586 1,604,330 1,609,210 1,598,061 1,603,414 1,600,275 1,606,950 1,600,218 1,602,528 5,096
8 1,599,594 1,597,485 1,603,242 1,598,170 1,603,635 1,600,646 1,603,066 1,605,334 1,600,496 1,598,451 1,601,012 2,672
9 1,593,069 1,595,933 1,592,698 1,598,259 1,599,843 1,598,246 1,600,496 1,594,234 1,597,485 1,601,549 1,597,181 3,105
10 1,600,134 1,598,451 1,610,534 1,591,635 1,596,464 1,599,795 1,600,666 1,592,518 1,604,077 1,602,678 1,599,695 5,530
11 1,587,629 1,606,950 1,593,856 1,596,864 1,603,638 1,605,334 1,600,688 1,603,414 1,602,464 1,600,666 1,600,150 5,860
12 1,602,240 1,604,198 1,602,861 1,593,414 1,594,643 1,591,635 1,602,240 1,603,066 1,597,082 1,595,629 1,598,701 4,691
13 1,603,331 1,601,549 1,595,488 1,598,845 1,600,630 1,598,845 1,606,950 1,600,496 1,606,266 1,609,046 1,602,145 4,224
14 1,602,678 1,600,666 1,595,629 1,609,046 1,602,339 1,596,848 1,604,198 1,600,666 1,603,472 1,602,339 1,601,788 3,765
15 1,600,346 1,603,984 1,604,138 1,596,944 1,595,568 1,606,976 1,601,549 1,604,982 1,603,635 1,596,848 1,601,497 3,926
16 1,605,334 1,594,234 1,592,518 1,603,414 1,603,066 1,600,496 1,600,666 1,600,688 1,602,240 1,604,198 1,600,685 4,188
17 1,610,589 1,606,931 1,606,259 1,600,541 1,600,010 1,607,085 1,598,246 1,605,478 1,605,165 1,600,666 1,604,097 3,975
18 1,602,179 1,599,878 1,594,938 1,591,482 1,603,978 1,604,566 1,599,107 1,599,290 1,597,206 1,603,472 1,599,610 4,207
19 1,602,131 1,602,966 1,601,024 1,595,072 1,605,942 1,598,352 1,596,858 1,596,256 1,602,563 1,600,902 1,600,207 3,457
20 1,598,506 1,595,968 1,596,058 1,597,942 1,597,824 1,600,282 1,609,210 1,599,418 1,602,621 1,602,602 1,600,043 3,970
21 1,597,485 1,604,077 1,602,464 1,597,082 1,606,266 1,603,472 1,603,635 1,602,240 1,598,480 1,598,803 1,601,400 3,184
22 1,591,549 1,602,643 1,599,443 1,600,202 1,596,861 1,607,043 1,599,843 1,599,795 1,601,437 1,594,138 1,599,295 4,343
23 1,597,363 1,604,077 1,603,856 1,602,192 1,603,318 1,601,146 1,596,464 1,596,848 1,603,331 1,606,080 1,601,468 3,408
24 1,607,827 1,601,459 1,602,829 1,608,893 1,598,390 1,604,355 1,587,629 1,604,355 1,604,989 1,599,216 1,601,994 6,053
25 1,604,982 1,600,688 1,605,478 1,599,290 1,596,256 1,599,418 1,597,363 1,599,952 1,602,086 1,603,318 1,600,883 3,067
26 1,605,165 1,597,206 1,602,563 1,602,621 1,598,480 1,601,437 1,604,077 1,604,989 1,606,976 1,598,560 1,602,207 3,263
27 1,597,885 1,593,443 1,609,565 1,597,280 1,600,413 1,600,410 1,603,856 1,599,952 1,599,418 1,592,422 1,599,464 4,904
28 1,598,877 1,613,610 1,606,010 1,604,227 1,606,394 1,592,758 1,602,192 1,603,318 1,595,382 1,601,238 1,602,401 5,915
29 1,600,902 1,602,602 1,598,803 1,594,138 1,606,080 1,599,216 1,603,318 1,598,560 1,592,422 1,607,085 1,600,313 4,722
30 1,598,614 1,593,731 1,603,667 1,603,763 1,602,054 1,606,064 1,601,146 1,593,869 1,595,382 1,600,410 1,599,870 4,347
31 1,601,939 1,596,890 1,603,472 1,602,522 1,605,162 1,602,522 1,596,464 1,601,171 1,598,390 1,594,640 1,600,317 3,481
32 1,586,707 1,602,227 1,607,043 1,591,731 1,600,218 1,591,731 1,596,848 1,606,128 1,605,162 1,593,328 1,598,112 7,080
33 1,606,499 1,608,102 1,601,146 1,600,698 1,608,902 1,600,698 1,603,331 1,605,754 1,602,678 1,594,640 1,603,245 4,272
34 1,599,795 1,596,848 1,604,355 1,599,952 1,604,989 1,599,952 1,603,318 1,601,939 1,600,666 1,606,499 1,601,831 2,939
35 1,602,086 1,606,976 1,599,418 1,595,382 1,592,422 1,595,382 1,598,390 1,605,162 1,595,629 1,599,216 1,599,006 4,625
36 1,587,686 1,600,496 1,601,437 1,599,914 1,600,963 1,599,914 1,586,707 1,600,134 1,609,046 1,602,339 1,598,864 6,716
37 1,601,238 1,607,085 1,600,410 1,594,640 1,593,328 1,594,640 1,606,499 1,599,216 1,602,339 1,597,280 1,599,668 4,813
38 1,600,918 1,604,566 1,592,758 1,597,072 1,602,512 1,597,072 1,599,795 1,597,891 1,596,848 1,604,227 1,599,366 3,740
39 1,598,960 1,598,352 1,599,216 1,597,891 1,596,147 1,597,891 1,597,280 1,596,147 1,604,198 1,594,138 1,598,022 2,651
40 1,603,094 1,600,282 1,606,064 1,601,264 1,600,275 1,601,264 1,606,976 1,597,891 1,600,666 1,605,165 1,602,294 2,931
1,600,356 4,513

Paso 3. Sacamos los límites de control para el grafico de la media

3.1 LCS= el promedio de la media + A3 * Desviación estándar (la calculada en el paso 2)
Nota: el valor de A3 lo obtendremos de la tabla de constantes para gráficos de control. Por
ultimo se deben fijar con signo peso la celda para que queden fijar a la hora de arrastrar.
3.2 LC= El promedio de la media (el que
calculamos en el paso 2) igualmente fijamos
la celda y arrastrar.
3.3 LIC= La media- A3* Desviación estándar. Nuevamente fijar la celda y arrastrar.
A3 LIC LC LSC
0.975 1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
1595957 1,600,356 1,604,756
3.4 Insertamos grafico en Excel que evidencia los límites de control anteriormente
calculados:
Análisis y recomendaciones:
Podemos observar que el proceso en encuentra bajo control estadístico pues la mayoría de
los puntos están cerca del límite central, ninguno de ellos sobrepasa los límites ni inferior ni
superior, por lo cual casi no hay dispersión o comportamiento erróneo entre las muestras. El
punto 17 se podría analizar para conocer porque, aunque no sobrepaso el limite estuvo
ligeramente por debajo de la misma.

Paso 4. Sacamos los límites de control para el grafico de la desviación estándar

4.1 LSC= B4 * desviación estándar. Fijar celda y arrastrar.