Bonus-1-2and3 - Leadership - 100and5stars PDF

Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars – Bonus 1, 2 and 3
Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars

Magazine Bonus 1, 2 and 3
The Leadership, and the English Language

The English Language, and the Leadership
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Magazine Bonus 1

The English Language, and the Leadership.

In the Beaches of Veracruz, Mexico.
Esteemed researcher: our present content has two great components:

1) Properly, our Magazine «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars – BONUS 1, 2 and
3»,
2) And, an annex, the activities of the semesters: 3, 4 and 5, of The English
Language. Activities imparted by my person, M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, in
the CBTIS 107 of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca. Mexico.
Thanks to you all.

Luis de Llano
«Luis de Llano. An important key, a great leader, a great human being. His
students are the leaders of our time».
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
Luis de Llano Macedo (1945 - Ciudad de México) es un productor mexicano de

televisión que se destaca por producir series, telenovelas, programas especiales
y grupos musicales. Fue el primer productor en crear dentro de las telenovelas
el género musical con la aparición de videoclips musicales, lanzamientos de
discos musicales y giras al finalizar cada producción, con el elenco juvenil en
cada telenovela.
Hijo del productor Luis de Llano Palmer y la actriz del cine mexicano Rita
Macedo, es hermano de la actriz y cantante Julissa, y Cecilia Fuentes Macedo
(diseñadora y escritora, hija menor de Rita Macedo y primogénita del escritor
Carlos Fuentes). Sus inicios en el mundo de la televisión inician a los 17 años,
como técnico y operador en una estación de televisión localizada en San
Antonio, Texas.
En 1969 ingresa a Telesistema Mexicano como director de promoción central de

los canales 2, 4 y 5, donde se mantiene hasta 1970. En 1971 llega a Televisión
Independiente de México como Director Creativo.

En 1973 con la fusión de Telesistema Mexicano y Televisión Independiente de

México se convierte en productor y director de la recién creada Televisa.
Desde 1992 es Vicepresidente de programación musical de Televisa, teniendo a
su cargo la producción de eventos como: la entrega de los Premios TVyNovelas,
Nuestra Belleza México, el Festival Acapulco, entre otros.
Fuente:
<https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_de_Llano_Macedo>
=========================================================

Futuros Posibles y el Futuro que Queremos

– Por Francisco González - Fundación BBVA
«La vida es una serie de colisiones con el futuro; no es la suma de lo que

hemos sido, sino lo que anhelamos ser».
José Ortega y Gasset
Hay futuro: visiones para un mundo mejor es el quinto libro de la serie anual
que BBVA dedica a la difusión del mejor conocimiento sobre los grandes temas
de nuestra época.
Nuestro proyecto arrancó en 2008 con Fronteras del conocimiento, que

abordaba los avances recientes y los retos fundamentales de la investigación
científica en las ocho áreas que reconocen los Premios Fronteras del
Conocimiento, otorgados por la Fundación BBVA.

A este libro siguieron los dedicados a la globalización –un fenómeno clave para
comprender nuestro tiempo–; la innovación, entendido como el principal factor
capaz de ayudar a la humanidad a resolver los grandes retos que afronta e
impulsar una mejora general de las condiciones de vida, y la ética y los valores,
porque los cambios que está experimentando nuestra sociedad global exigen
una revisión y una reafirmación de los valores éticos, para garantizar un
desarrollo equilibrado y sostenible.
Paralelamente, y animados por la excelente aceptación de nuestros libros,

hemos creado OpenMind
<www.bbvaopenmind.com>, una comunidad en línea para compartir y

difundir el conocimiento. La base de los contenidos de OpenMind son los libros
publicados hasta ahora y los que se editen en el futuro; de esta forma, nuestros
libros se sitúan al alcance de un público muchísimo más amplio y variado. Estos
contenidos se complementan con otras aportaciones de los autores y los lectores
–especialistas o no–.
Y, sobre todo, OpenMind es un esquema para conocer, discutir y generar

nuevas ideas, en un entorno abierto y multidisciplinar. …
Este proyecto, que paso a paso va creciendo y ampliando su público, continúa

enriqueciéndose con este quinto libro, en torno al futuro.

¿Por qué El Futuro?
La razón fundamental es la coherencia con los valores de nuestra cultura

corporativa, que se resumen en nuestra visión: “BBVA, trabajamos por un
futuro mejor para las personas”. Evidentemente, esto requiere anticipar ese
futuro. Y para ello necesitamos conocer el pasado y el presente, y detectar las
tendencias que contribuyen, en cada momento, a configurarlo.
Esto explica el papel central que en BBVA asignamos al conocimiento como el

instrumento capaz de mejorar el futuro de las personas. Y esa es, en última
instancia, la justificación de este proyecto, un proyecto de generación y difusión
del mejor conocimiento.
Fundación BBVA. «Hay Futuro - Visiones para un Mundo Mejor».

<www.bbvaopenmind.com>. País: España. Año: 2012.
=========================================================

M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, te presento mi fotografía de mitad de mi veintena.
Esteemed reader: I cite you, 6 ebooks, which are obtainable, at the present time,
in the portal of OpenMind, <www.bbvaopenmind.com>. That book are: 1)
«Reinventing the Company for the Digital Age», 2) «Frontiers of Knowledge»,
3) «Innovation - Perspectives for the 21st Century», 4) «Values and Ethics for
the 21st Century», 5) «The Multiple Faces of Globalization», and «There's a
Future Visions for a Better World». … And very more, Luck.

Bill Gates
Bill Gates (born October 28, 1955) is an Americans business magnate, investor,
programmer, inventor a philanthropist. He founded, Microsoft, the world’s
largest personal-computer software company. ■
Leadership is the behavior of an individual when he is directing the activities of

a group toward a shared goal.
Hemphill
Leadership is the process of making sense of what people are doing together so
that people will understand and be committed.
Unknown author

A widely [extensively] circulated British Council estimate – more informed than

most, as it was based on reports of numbers attending courses and taking
examinations, as well as on market intelligence provided by its English 2000
project – has referred to a billion (i.e. thousand million) people engaged in
[participated in, undertook in] learning English. That figure [diagram,
illustration] needs to be interpreted cautiously, because it includes all learners,
from beginners to advanced. […From page 85]
David Crystal. «English as a Global Language». Second edition. Editorial:

«Cambridge University Press». Country: «The United States of America».
Year 2003. 229 Pages.

Presidents Barack Obama and Francois Hollande, two great friends of Mexico.
President Barack Obama and French President Francois

Hollande tour [excursion, trip] the grounds [earths] of
Monticello, President Thomas Jefferson's estate in
Charlottesville, Virginia, Feb. 10, 2014.
You can visit VOA-ERD 162 - «Thomas Jefferson, Third USA President».
Thanks.

Nutrition is the only remedy that can bring full recovery and can be used with
any treatment. Remember, food is our best medicine!.
Adelle Davis
Exercise is king. Nutrition is queen. Together, you've got a kingdom. …
Michael Pollan
When in doubt, use nutrition first.
Rene Dubos
To eat is a necessity, but to eat intelligently is an art.
Mehmet Oz
Having balanced nutrition is also very important to keep my body in shape and
healthy.
Marcus Tullius Cicero
When I was in Mexico and started to dream in Spanish, I knew that was a good
sign that I was learning the language. It was cool.
Andrea Navedo

After college, I did a bunch [group] of different jobs - taught English in Mexico,
worked in public radio, worked for a web design company - but there was
something about documentaries [films, life story] that really [in reality]
attracted me.
Marshall Curry
The size of the energy sector in Mexico is just so vast; it has an outsize [big,
immense] impact on the rest of the Mexican economy.
Luis Videgaray Caso
For any country - and that includes Mexico and the U.S. - having good, robust
relationships with crucial allies and neighbors, that's putting your country first.
Luis Videgaray Caso
Mexico is a market economy, but we should have better markets.
Luis Videgaray Caso
Mexico believes in free trade.
Luis Videgaray Caso

I think that we must come together progressively, with the British, the Germans,
the Spanish, the Italians and with the new members of the European Union, we
must make an effort to forge [establish, create] closer links.
Jean-Pierre Raffarin
We must stress [emphasize, highlight] that the euro has been beneficial to the
European Union because, otherwise [if not], in this context of international
turmoil [turbulence, confusion], every country would have to devalue their
currencies [moneys].
Jean-Pierre Raffarin
For the European Union, Russia is as important politically and economically as

China is to the U.S.
Ivan Krastev
Speaking from my experience as a person involved for a long time in building

the European Union, it is important to have patience and efforts to build a
community of nations.
Giorgio Napolitano
The European Union is the world's most successful invention for advancing
peace.
John Bruton

Leadership is a process of influencing the probability of achieving a desired

change through human relationships.
P Semark
Corporate governance is not something that is put in place and then left.
Ensuring its effectiveness depends on regular review, preferably regular
independent review. And, in the end that comes down [falls, passes on] to the
shareholders [investors, patrons]. Outside assessment [evaluation] and self-
assessment need to be regular events.
Jim Jones
To succeed, you will soon learn, as I did, the importance of a solid foundation
in the basics of education - literacy, both verbal and numerical, and
communication skills.
Alan Greenspan
Language as a communication tool is the primary element from which literature

is created. Even in pre-literate societies, it exists as songs, riddles [mysteries], or
epics [classics] that are chanted [recited].
F. Sionil Jose

The art of effective listening is essential to clear communication, and clear

communication is necessary to management success.
James Cash Penney
Miscommunication is the number one cause of all problems; communication is

your bridge to other people. Without it, there's nothing. So when it's damaged,
you have to solve all these problems it creates.
Earl Sweatshirt
If what is communicated is false, it can hardly be called communication.
Benjamin E. Mays
Read every book, blog, website, whatever, about what you want to be an expert
in.
James Altucher
To read a book, to think it over, and to write out [copy, transcribe] notes is a
useful exercise; a book which will not repay some hard thought is not worth
publishing.
Maria Mitchell

The biggest invention of modern time is the book. The book is a digital medium;
book text is written in a different form and replicable. What it really [in reality]
does is it allows us to replicate cultural information, scientific technology, and
information out of [of, outside] the human brain.
Sebastian Thrun
The book is there for inspiration and as a foundation [institution], the

fundamentals [basics, first principles] on which to build.
Thomas Keller
The next quote of Tom Clancy is observed by two entities: «Clairvoyant

Observer» and «Observant Mormon». He affirms: ‘I wanted to see my name on
the cover of a book. If your name is in the Library of Congress, you're immortal’.
A classic is a book that has never finished saying what it has to say.
Italo Calvino

=========================================================
Scientific Revolution
Preliminary Discussion - Scientific Revolution refers to the period, from the late
sixteenth to the early eighteenth century in Europe, when new ideas in physics,
astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other sciences led to the
rejection of doctrines that had prevailed from ancient Greece through the
middle Ages. It has been described as the movement which was forged [created,
established] by Johannes Kepler (1571- 1630) and Galileo Galilei (1564- 1642),
developed by René Descartes (1596- 1650) and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-
1716), and completed by Isaac Newton (1642- 1727). The unprecedented
advancements in science during the early modern period yielded [produced,
generated] to enormous transformation of man´s thought and way of looking at
the world, and laid [positioned] the foundation of modern science. …
-- -- --
… Newton´s theory of gravity is better than Descartes´s because Descartes´s

theory was refuted by the fact that planets move in near-elliptical paths, and
because Newton´s theory explained everything that Descartes´s theory had
explained, and also explained the refuting [contradicting, contesting] facts…
Newton´s theory was, in turn, refuted by the anomalous perihelion of Mercury,
while Einstein´s explained that too.
-- -- --

It was not until the American Revolution of 1776 and French Revolution in 1789
that a new meaning came to predominate the term ´revolution´ as a breach
[division, separation] of continuity or a secular change of real magnitude. Its
usage [convention, tradition] ever since [from the time when] has commonly
implied what. Bernard Cohen (1976) describes as, ‘a radical change and a
departure [exit, leaving] from traditional or accepted modes of thought, belief,
action, social behavior, or political or social organization’.
-- -- --
Christopher Hill justifies the origin of this common concept of revolution when
he writes that, ‘Conventional wisdom has it that the word ´revolution´ acquired
its modern political meaning only after 1688. Previously it had been an
astronomical and astrological term limited to the revolution of the heavens, or
to any complete circular motion [movement]’.
-- -- --
It was this conception that first led to the methods of research and treatment
that have caused the great flourishing of physical science... of which we are
reaping [harvesting, obtaining] the fruit in our own day: experiment as the
source of knowledge, mathematical formulation as the descriptive medium,
mathematical deduction as the guiding principle in the search for new
phenomenon to be verified by experimentation.
-- -- --

The study of the evolution (and the revolutions) of scientific ideas... shows us
the human mind at grips [appreciations, authorities] with reality, reveals to us
its defeats and victories; shows us what superhuman effort each step on [walk
on] the way to knowledge of reality has cost, effort which has sometimes led to
a veritable ´mutation´ in human intellect, that is to a transformation as a result
of which ideas which were ´invented´ with such effort by the greatest of minds
become accessible and even simple, seemingly [apparently] obvious, to every
student.
-- -- --
It does not follow, as so many ignorant persons think, that the medieval
activities were sterile… The middle Ages were pregnant with many ideas which
could not be delivered until much later. Modern science, we might say, was the
fruition [execution, completion] of medieval immaturity. Vesalius, Copernicus,
Galileo, Newton were the happy inheritors [successors] who cashed in
[recognized, sold].
-- -- --
I now conclude my story near the middle of the eighteenth century. [Because]
When Newton died the great creative phase of the scientific revolution was
already finished, though [however] its acceptance and assimilation were still
incomplete. Therefore [Consequently] I now omit the successor phases of the
eighteenth century in which the science of chemistry and electricity received
their first coherent forms.
-- -- --

The development of Western Science has been based on two great

achievements, the invention of the formal logical system (in Euclidean
geometry) by the Greek philosophers, and the discovery of the possibility of
finding out [discovering] causal relationship by systematic experiment (at the
Renaissance). …
-- -- --
Consequently, we shall first investigate the historical demands presented by the

emergence and development of merchant [commercial] capital. Then we shall
consider what technical problems were posed [modeled] by the newly [just
now] developing economy and what complex of physical problems and
knowledge, essential for solving these technical problems, they generated.
-- -- --
We come to the conclusion that the scheme of physics was mainly determined
by the economic and technical tasks which the rising [expanding] bourgeoisie
raised [advanced] to the forefront [vanguard]. During the period of merchant
[commercial] capital the development of productive forces set science a series
of practical tasks and made an imperative demand for their accomplishment.
-- -- --
John Onyekachi Nnaji.
Thesis: «Concepts of the ´Scientific Revolution´: An analysis of the

historiographical appraisal [evaluation, review] of the traditional claims
[statements, demands] of science».
Universitat de Les Illes Balears - Department of Philosophy.
=========================================================

Develop an attitude of gratitude this year, and give thanks for everything that
happens to you, knowing that every step forward is a step toward achieving
something bigger and better than your current situation.
Brian Tracy
Training as: the teaching or learning activities carried on [continued,

persevered] for the primary purpose of helping members of an organization to
acquire and apply the knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes needed by that
organization. It is the act of increasing the knowledge and skill of an employee
for doing a particular job.
Monappa & Saiyadain
Training is a systematic process of altering the behavior of employees in a

direction that will achieve organization goals. Training is related to present job
skills and abilities. It has a current orientation and helps employees’ master
specific skills and abilities.
Clifton & Fink
The customer‘s perception is your reality.
Kate Zabriskie

Revolve your world around the customer and more customers will revolve
around you.
Heather Williams
In the world of Internet Customer Service, it‘s important to remember your

competitor is only one mouse click away [not here].
Doug Warner
There are many who subscribe to the convention that service is a business cost,
but our data demonstrates that superior service is an investment that can help
drive business growth [development]. Investing in quality talent, and ensuring
they have the skills, training and tools that enable them to empathize and
actively listen to customers are central to providing consistently excellent
service experiences.
Jim Bush

Education also takes informally outside the institutions. For example, we also
learn through the library, the newspapers, the magazines, the mass media and
interactive communication technology, interaction with learned [well-
educated] people, and others, etc. All these sources entail [require] learning.
Interacting with a farmer might lead one to acquire an understanding of what
kinds of crops are grown every year in different seasons; how much is invested
by the farmer for production of crops; how much does he profit from the
production of crops; the hurdles [difficulties, problems] faced by the farmer in
marketing, etc. This learning takes place informally without any structured
ways and means [channels, ways] like curriculum, teacher or textbooks or an
institution. It opens wider possibilities of learning from others’ experiences and
get connected to the questions, issues and feelings that are important to people.
In contrast to this, education that takes place in the institutions is more formal
and structured, that tends to take place in an organized manner with lots of
instructional planning and support which are deliberately planned.
Unknown author

=====================================================
Leadership
Effective leadership is essential in managing change and change is the only

method to sustain the organization in the current business environment. As
usual, change is hard for people, people will feel uncomfortable because of
change and even sometimes deny [disagree] the change, continue as they are
and be eliminated by the society. Therefore [Consequently], leadership can be a
factor to motivate and encourage people to continuously make change and push
them to change. Leadership plays a role in an organization to motivate and
encourage the employees to change in order for the organization to be able to
sustain and adapt to the business environment, to make sure the organization
will improve and be innovative. The case of Nokia, the giant that fell from the
top to the bottom, is a cautionary [instructive] tale [story] on the dangers of
failing to improve [in improving] and should be remembered.

Effective leadership skills can help leaders to gain the trust [confidence] of
employees, making other tasks easier to operate because the employees trust
their leaders. This could make other parts of business management easier too,
such as shaping the culture in an organization. A positive organizational culture
can bring lots of benefit to the organization, as the positive culture can
encourage and motivate the employees in the organization to learn,
communicate and work with each other. A good culture in the organization not
only provides a good working environment for their employees, but also gives
a sense of belonging to the employees and increases the commitment of
employees to continue working in the organization. Innovative ideas will be
produced when leadership motivates the employees to communicate with each
other and share their thoughts with each other.
Leadership skills also enable the leaders to lead their employees into [towards]
the correct direction, in accordance to the organization vision and mission.
When an organization’s leader leads the employees in the correct direction and
motivates them to continuously improve and innovate, the organization’s
performance will surely increase and be able to sustain the organization in the
current complex business environment. Hence [Consequently, For this reason],
effective leadership is the main factor that brings change to the organization, if
there is no leadership in the organization there will be no chance at all
(Atkinson, 2015).

Moo Jun Hao & Dr. Rashad Yazdanifard. Article: «How Effective Leadership
can Facilitate Change in Organizations through Improvement and
Innovation».
=====================================================
A girl invited me to come out [become manifest, emerge] to a Bible study, and I
said, 'Why not? I don't have anything to lose.' I went, and to my surprise, I saw
people that loved God, but they were not square [right-angled] or rigid. They
were just people like me.
Lecrae
Stand up for your rights and be brave, and don't be intimidated. Read your
Bible. That's really given me strength [power, potency], and it will give you
strength. Pray, and use God's name, Jehovah. And never tell a lie [untruth], ever.
Margaret Keane
We often read the Bible as if it were fundamentally about us: our improvement,
our life, our victory, our faith, our holiness [religiousness], our godliness
[divinity].
Tullian Tchividjian

I never had an intellectual struggle [altercation] with the Bible, with the gospel,
with the claims [demands, requests] of Christ.
Tullian Tchividjian
It's not so easy to apply to today's society things that were written thousands of
years ago. But that's exactly the job of a minister - to make the teaching of the
Bible relevant.
Kaka
9 Y aconteció que después de haber orado al Señor, vi un acampo grande y

espacioso. 10 Y sucedió que vi un árbol cuyo fruto era deseable para hacer a uno
feliz. 11 Y aconteció que me adelanté y comí de su fruto; y percibí que era de lo
más dulce, superior a todo cuanto yo había probado antes. Sí, y vi que su fruto
era blanco, y excedía a toda blancura que yo jamás hubiera visto. 12 Y al comer
de su fruto, mi alma se llenó de un agozo inmenso; por lo que deseé que
participara también de él mi familia, pues sabía que su fruto era preferible a
todos los demás.
El Libro de Mormón - 1 Nefi 8:9-12

I believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth. I believe in
Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord. He was conceived by the Holy Spirit and
born of the Virgin Mary. He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died,
and was buried. He descended to the dead. On the third day he rose again. He
ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come
again to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy
Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness [exoneration,
pardon] of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting [eternal].
Amen.
Catechism of the Catholic Church
Prophecy was at no time brought by man’s will, but men spoke from God as
they were moved by Holy Spirit.
2 Peter 1:21 - Jehovah’s Witnesses.

You cannot achieve environmental security and human development without

addressing [speaking, attending] the basic issues of health and nutrition.
Meryl Streep
The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but
rather will cure and prevent disease with nutrition.
Larry Wall
Looking good [advantage, profit] and feeling good go hand in hand. If you have
a healthy lifestyle, your diet and nutrition are set, and you're working out
[exercising], you're going to feel good.
Friedrich Nietzsche
Fitness is a curve. [‘Corresponding’]. You can be Lance Armstrong, or you can

be really [in reality] out of [outside] shape at the opposite [contrary] end [goal].
People enter the curve wherever [anyplace, where] they are and then they can
move up [progress] the curve, by better nutrition and better exercise.
Dee Dee Myers
I think every physical program has to come from good nutrition.
Suzanne Whang

My health is important, so I learn everything I can about nutrition.
Vicki Escarra
Courage, cheerfulness [happiness, joviality], and a desire to work depends

mostly on good nutrition.
Louise Hay
The human body heals [repairs] itself and nutrition provides the resources to
accomplish the task.
Peter Thiel
I'm passionate about health, nutrition, fitness, and inspiring people to live a
healthy and active lifestyle.
Richard Leakey
Eat for nutrition and food value. Emphasize natural foods, avoid processed
foods and eliminate junk [garbage] entirely.
Abram Hoffer
God is a God of systems and predictability and order, and God honors planning.
Andy Stanley

People crave [need, require] predictability, and when you design and use
systems, you give people predictability. More importantly, when you build
systems, they can help you orchestrate, and orchestration helps you create the
habits that continuously improve the systems!
Michael Gerber
Clearly as you move to being a public company, probably even more than
growth [development], there is a huge value based on predictability.
Mark Pincus
One element of Madonna's career that really [in reality] takes center stage is how
many times she's reinvented herself. It's easier to stay in one look, one comfort
zone, and one musical style. It's inspiring to see someone whose only
predictable quality is being unpredictable.
Taylor Swift
I've found that luck is quite predictable. If you want more luck, take more
chances. Be more active. Show up [Highlight] more often.
Brian Tracy

Until computers and robots make quantum advances, they basically remain
adding machines: capable only of doing things in which all the variables are
controlled and predictable.
Michio Kaku
Promises are the uniquely human way of ordering the future, making it
predictable and reliable [consistent] to the extent that this is humanly possible.
Hannah Arendt
One of the things I love, and I'm a voracious [big] reader as well as a writer, is
books that surprise me, that are not predictable.
George R. R. Martin
To be sure, technology will change what we do. Tasks that are highly manual,
routine, and predictable will be automated. But jobs are made up of many tasks.
So the nature of existing jobs will change, and new careers will be created.
Cathy Engelbert
I like people who are predictable.
Amy Schumer

The element of surprise is the most important thing and what keeps me
interested in writing. I can feel it if I've written that predictable or boring
[uninteresting] line, and I will carry that around with me all day.
Phoebe Waller-Bridge
Leadership and Management - John Kotter (1988) distinguishes leadership from

management. Effective management carefully plans the goal of an organization,
recruits [employs, engages] the necessary staff [employees, human resources],
organizes them, and closely supervises them to make sure that the initial plan
is executed properly. Successful leadership goes beyond management of plans
and tasks. It envisions [visualizes, imagines] the future and sets a new direction
for the organization. Successful leaders mobilize all possible means and human
resources; they inspire all members of the organization to support the new
mission and execute it with enthusiasm. When an organization faces an
uncertain environment, it demands strong leadership. On the other hand, when
an organization faces internal operational complexity, it demands strong
management.
Unknown author

=======================================================
Three styles of leadership, in brief examples
A good leader uses all three styles, depending on what forces are involved
between the followers, the leader, and the situation. Some examples include:
1. Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the

job. The leader is competent and a good coach. The employee is motivated
to learn a new skill. The situation is a new environment for the employee.
2. Using a participative style with a team of workers who know their job.
The leader knows the problem, but does not have all the information. The
employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team.
3. Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job
than one. One cannot do everything! The employee needs to take
ownership of her job. Also, the situation might call for one to be at other
places, doing other things.
4. Using all three: (a) Telling your employees that a procedure is not
working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian). (b)
Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure
(participative). (c) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new
procedure (delegative).
Unknown author
=======================================================

«Frontiers of Knowledge» - This book is conceived as BBVA’s contribution to

an extraordinarily ambitious task: offering the lay [untrained, unprofessional]
reader a rigorous view of the state of the art, and new perspectives, in the most
characteristic fields of knowledge of our time. Prestigious researchers from all
over the world, working on the «frontiers of knowledge», summarize the most
essential aspects of what we know today, and what we aspire to know in the
near future, in the fields of physics, biomedicine, information and
telecommunications technologies, ecology and climate change, economics,
industry and development, analyzing the role of science and the arts in our
society and culture.
BBVA. Ebook: «Frontiers of Knowledge». November 2008, Madrid.

«Innovation - Perspectives for the 21st Century». For this third book in the
BBVA series, we have chosen innovation as the central theme. It was chosen for
two fundamental reasons: the first was the decisive importance of innovation as
the most powerful tool for stimulating economic growth [development] and
improving human standards of living in the long term. This has been the case
throughout [during the course of] history, but in these modern times, when
science and technology are advancing at a mind-boggling [incredible] speed,
the possibilities for innovation are truly infinite. Moreover [Additionally], the
great challenges facing the human race today— inequality and poverty,
education and health care, climate change and the environment—have made
innovation more necessary than ever. Our economy and our society require
massive doses [amounts, quantities] of innovation in order to make a
generalized improvement in the standards of living of nearly 7 billion people
(the number continues to grow) compatible with the preservation of the natural
environment for future generations. The second reason for choosing this theme
is that it is consistent with BBVA’s corporate culture. Our group’s commitment
to the creation and dissemination of knowledge ties in directly with the vision
that guides every aspect of our activity: “BBVA, working towards a better future
for people.” People are the most important pillar of our work, and the work we
do for and on behalf of [in the best interests of, for] people is supported by two
other pillars of our culture and strategy: principles and innovation.
BBVA - Ebook: «Innovation - Perspectives for the 21st Century». Printed in

Spain. 2010

========================================================
Building your Resilience
We all face trauma, adversity and other stresses. Here’s a roadmap for adapting
to life-changing situations, and emerging even stronger than before.
The Road to Resilience
Imagine you’re going to take a raft [package] trip down a river. Along with slow
water and shallows [white water], your map shows that you will encounter
unavoidable rapids and turns. How would you make sure you can safely cross
the rough [turbulent] waters and handle any unexpected problems that come
from the challenge?
Perhaps you would enlist the support of more experienced rafters [supports] as
you plan your route or rely on [depend on, count on] the companionship of
trusted friends along the way. Maybe you would pack an extra life jacket or
consider using a stronger raft [package]. With the right tools and supports in
place, one thing is sure: You will not only make it through [across] the
challenges of your river adventure. You will also emerge a more confident and
courageous rafter [support].

What is resilience?
Life may not come with a map, but everyone will experience twists [rotations,
spirals] and turns, from everyday challenges to traumatic events with more
lasting [durable] impact, like the death of a loved one, a life-altering accident or
a serious illness. Each change affects people differently, bringing a unique flood
of thoughts, strong emotions and uncertainty. Yet people generally adapt well
over time to life-changing situations and stressful situations — in part thanks to
resilience.
Psychologists define resilience as the process of adapting well in the face of

adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats [dangers, risks] or significant sources of
stress — such as family and relationship problems, serious health problems, or
workplace and financial stressors. As much as resilience involves "bouncing
[active, vigorous] back" from these difficult experiences, it can also involve
profound personal growth [development].
While these adverse events, much like rough river waters, are certainly painful
[uncomfortable] and difficult, they don’t have to determine the outcome [result]
of your life. There are many aspects of your life you can control, modify and
grow with. That’s the role of resilience. Becoming more resilient not only helps
you get through difficult circumstances, it also empowers you to grow and even
improve your life along the way.

What resilience isn’t
Being resilient doesn’t mean that a person won’t experience difficulty or distress
[difficulty]. People who have suffered major adversity or trauma in their lives
commonly experience emotional pain and stress. In fact, the road to resilience
is likely to involve considerable emotional distress.
While certain factors might make some individuals more resilient than others,
resilience isn’t necessarily a personality trait [attribute, characteristic] that only
some people possess. On the contrary, resilience involves behaviors, thoughts
and actions that anyone can learn and develop. The ability to learn resilience is
one reason research has shown that resilience is ordinary, not extraordinary.
One example is the response of many Americans to the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist
attacks and individuals' efforts to rebuild their lives after tragedy.
Like building a muscle, increasing your resilience takes time and intentionality.
Focusing on four core components — connection, wellness, healthy thinking
and meaning — can empower you to withstand [endure, survive] and learn
from difficult and traumatic experiences. To increase your capacity for resilience
to weather [climate] — and grow from — the difficulties, use these strategies.

Build your connections
Prioritize relationships. Connecting with empathetic and understanding people

can remind you that you’re not alone in the midst [center] of difficulties. Focus
on finding trustworthy [responsible, constant] and compassionate individuals
who validate your feelings, which will support the skill of resilience.
The pain of traumatic events can lead some people to isolate [separate, set apart]
themselves, but it’s important to accept help and support from those who care
about you. Whether you go on a weekly [periodical] date night with your
spouse [wife / husband] or plan a lunch out with a friend, try to prioritize
genuinely connecting with people who care about you.
Join a group. Along with one-on-one relationships, some people find that being
active in civic groups, faith-based communities, or other local organizations
provides social support and can help you reclaim hope. Research groups in your
area that could offer you support and a sense of purpose or joy when you need
it.

Foster [Cultivate, Promote] wellness
Take care of your body. Self-care may be a popular buzzword [exhortation], but
it’s also a legitimate practice for mental health and building resilience. That’s
because stress is just as much physical as it is emotional. Promoting positive
lifestyle factors like proper nutrition, ample [abundant] sleep, hydration and
regular exercise can strengthen your body to adapt to stress and reduce the toll
[charge] of emotions like anxiety or depression.
Practice mindfulness. Mindful [Aware, Attentive] journaling, yoga, and other

spiritual practices like prayer [invocation] or meditation can also help people
build connections and restore hope, which can prime them to deal with
situations that require resilience. When you journal, meditate, or pray [request,
implore], ruminate on positive aspects of your life and recall the things you’re
grateful for, even during personal trials.
Avoid negative outlets [channels]. It may be tempting to mask your pain with
alcohol, drugs or other substances, but that’s like putting a bandage
[connection] on a deep wound [injury]. Focus instead on giving your body
resources to manage stress, rather than seeking to eliminate the feeling of stress
altogether [all in all, in total].

Find purpose
Help others. Whether you volunteer [offer, give] with a local homeless
[itinerant] shelter [protection] or simply support a friend in their own time of
need, you can garner [gather, acquire] a sense of purpose, foster [cultivate,
promote] self-worth [self- value], connect with other people and tangibly help
others, all of which can empower you to grow [develop] in resilience.
Be proactive. It’s helpful to acknowledge and accept your emotions during hard
times, but it’s also important to help you foster self-discovery by asking
yourself, “What can I do about a problem in my life?” If the problems seem too
big to tackle [face, undertake], break them down into manageable pieces.
For example, if you got laid off [terminated] at work, you may not be able to
convince your boss it was a mistake [error] to let you go. But you can spend an
hour each day developing your top strengths or working on your resume.
Taking initiative will remind you that you can muster [congregate, meet]
motivation and purpose even during stressful periods of your life, increasing
the likelihood [probability] that you’ll rise up [emerge] during painful [tedious]
times again.

Move toward your goals. Develop some realistic goals and do something
regularly — even if it seems like a small accomplishment — that enables you to
move toward the things you want to accomplish. Instead of focusing on tasks
that seem unachievable, ask yourself, "What's one thing I know I can accomplish
today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?" For example, if you’re
struggling with the loss of a loved one and you want to move forward, you
could join a grief [unhappiness] support group in your area.
Look for opportunities for self-discovery. People often find that they have
grown [developed, matured] in some respect as a result of a struggle. For
example, after a tragedy or hardship [adversity], people have reported better
relationships and a greater sense of strength, even while feeling vulnerable.
That can increase their sense of self-worth [self- value] and heighten [increase,
improve] their appreciation for life.
Embrace healthy thoughts
Keep things in perspective. How you think can play a significant part in how
you feel — and how resilient you are when faced with obstacles. Try to identify
areas of irrational thinking, such as a tendency to catastrophize difficulties or
assume the world is out [available, obtainable] to get you, and adopt a more
balanced and realistic thinking pattern. For instance, if you feel overwhelmed
[subjugated, exhausted] by a challenge, remind yourself that what happened to
you isn’t an indicator of how your future will go, and that you’re not helpless
[abandoned, vulnerable]. You may not be able to change a highly stressful
event, but you can change how you interpret and respond to it.

Accept change. Accept that change is a part of life. Certain goals or ideals may
no longer be attainable as a result of adverse situations in your life. Accepting
circumstances that cannot be changed can help you focus on circumstances that
you can alter.
Maintain a hopeful [confident] outlook [viewpoint, attitude]. It’s hard to be

positive when life isn’t going your way. An optimistic outlook empowers you
to expect that good things will happen to you. Try visualizing what you want,
rather than worrying about what you fear. Along the way, note [observe] any
subtle [intelligent] ways in which you start to feel better as you deal with
difficult situations.
Learn from your past. By looking back at who or what was helpful [useful,
effective] in previous times of distress, you may discover how you can respond
effectively to new difficult situations. Remind yourself of where you’ve been
able to find strength and ask yourself what you’ve learned from those
experiences.
Seeking help
Getting help when you need it is crucial in building your resilience.

For many people, using their own resources and the kinds of strategies listed
above may be enough for building their resilience. But at times, an individual
[person] might get stuck [trapped, fixed] or have difficulty making progress on
the road to resilience.
A licensed mental health professional such as a psychologist can assist people

in developing an appropriate strategy for moving forward [advancing,
progressing]. It is important to get professional help if you feel like you are
unable to function as well as you would like or perform basic activities of daily
living as a result of a traumatic or other stressful [demanding, traumatic] life
experience. Keep in mind that different people tend to be comfortable with
different styles of interaction. To get the most out of your therapeutic
relationship, you should feel at ease [comfort] with a mental health professional
or in a support group.
The important thing is to remember you’re not alone [abandoned] on the

journey. While you may not be able to control all of your circumstances, you
can grow [develop, mature] by focusing on the aspects of life’s challenges you
can manage with the support of loved ones and trusted [have faith in]
professionals.
Source:
American Psychological Association
<https://www.apa.org/topics/resilience>
========================================================

Unleash [Allow to run free] your creativity. You are a potential genius; you can
find a solution to any problem you face. Think on paper. Define your problem
clearly, develop as many possible solutions as you can, and then take action.
Brian Tracy
Get the facts. Events are seldom as bad as they first appear. Take the time to find
out [discover] exactly what has happened before you make a decision.
Brian Tracy
Communicate constantly. Tell everyone who is affected by the crisis exactly

what is going on [just about, in the region of]. Practice a ‘‘no surprises’’ policy.
Keep people inside and outside of your organization informed, and ask for
input and assistance.
Brian Tracy

=======================================================
Incorporating Inquiry [Question, Interrogation] into [towards] Teaching &

Learning
Inquiry is an approach to teaching and learning involving several important

activities, many of which center on questioning in one way or another. Students
are asked to generate their own questions, investigate multiple sources of
information, think critically to clarify ideas or generate new ones, discuss their
new ideas with others, and reflect on their initial questions and subsequent
conclusions.
Teachers ask questions to help students connect to prior [previous, past]

knowledge, to prompt [motivate, encourage] thinking, to help students clarify
thinking, and to guide learning.
Inquiry helps students understand the cyclical nature of learning by making the
process visible to students in a clear and direct way. Inquiry helps students
construct the understanding necessary to produce deeper learning, and there is
as much value in experiences that do not go as planned as the ones that do.
Teaching in this way is challenging, and implementing an inquiry approach can

seem intimidating compared to the typical manner in which a teacher may be
used to planning lessons, managing students, and directing the learning
process.
Unknown author
=======================================================

Sometimes I wonder if suicides aren't in fact sad [unhappy] guardians of the

meaning of life. [Read books, a lot of books. Yes!]
Vaclav Havel
Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost

[greatest, highest] possible degree.
Ezra Pound
One of my favorite books is 'Man's Search for Meaning.'
Robin S. Sharma
Humanist thinkers such as Rousseau convinced us that our own feelings and
desires were the ultimate [decisive, critical] source of meaning and that our free
will was, therefore [consequently], the highest authority of all.
Yuval Noah Harari
Our will [determination, self-control], we know, it is an entity. Such as [For

example], it has importance, and we work in consequence. Well, if you are a
novel student, now you can answer with property: what is ‘free will’.

Cat Stevens affirms: ‘In music, you can use metaphors with ease - if a person
doesn't understand the parable [story, allegory], they can still [even] enjoy the
melody of the music. If, however, a person reads a book and misses [fail to
attend] the meaning of its metaphors, this will be extremely disheartening
[demoralizing] for both the reader as well as the author’. As a result, we are in
our two important dimensions, i.e. [that is to say], music and books. So, can you
cite examples of exceptions with refinement parables, so in books, so in music?.
Finishing a good book is like leaving a good friend.
William Feather
Never think you can't do something. I definitely never thought I could write a
book, and even after I started writing it, I was like, 'Oh my God, how am I gonna
write a book?' Just set your sights [visions] high and reach for the stars. Go live
your dreams, and never think you can't.
Connor Franta
Read. Read. Read. Just don't read one type of book. Read different books by
various authors so that you develop different styles. [100 and 5 Stars].
R. L. Stine

Ben Okri affirms: ‘reading, like writing, is a creative act. If readers only bring a
narrow range of themselves to the book, then they'll only see their narrow range
reflected in it’. Now, my person diverge a little. Because of the power of reading
a book, in reading a book completely, with that event, we observe the mind the
author of our book. A power ‘Aves’.
One day I was talking about what I was going to do next, and just found myself
announcing it: 'I'm going to write a book about my father.'
John Burnside
I grew up with the Bible education, and my values come from there.
Kaka
The Bible says, 'Judge not lest [for fear that] ye [you] be judged.' Our lives are
supposed to be hospitals, not courtrooms.
Tammy Faye Bakker
There's a verse in the Bible says, 'In everything give thanks, for this is the will
of God in Christ Jesus concerning you.' And what brings me peace is the
scripture.
Tammy Faye Bakker

When I visited Israel for the first time, in 2014, on a trip sponsored [supported]
by the National Religious Broadcasters [Presenters, Journalists], I went to the
Museum of The Bible with our group. There, we saw the most ancient and
original versions of both the Hebrew and Christian bibles.
Katie Pavlich
My hope is that this life is not all there is. This life is like preparation for what
is coming next, and what is coming next is something so glorious that the Bible
says minds can't conceive it, eye has never seen, your imagination could never
even enter into all that God is preparing for those who love him.
Anne Graham Lotz
7 The one who corrects a ridiculer [satirist] invites dishonor, and whoever
reproves someone wicked [severe] will get hurt [discomfort]. 8 Do not reprove
a ridiculer, or he will hate you. Reprove a wise person, and he will love you. 9
Share with a wise person, and he will become wiser. Teach someone righteous
[virtuous], and he will add to his learning.
Proverbs 9: 7-9. Jehovah’s Witnesses.

7 El que corrige al escarnecedor [burlón, injurioso] se acarrea ignominia; el que

reprende al malvado atrae mancha sobre sí. 8 No reprendas al escarnecedor,
para que no te aborrezca; reprende al sabio, y te amará. 9 Da al sabio, y será más
sabio; a enseña al justo, y aumentará su saber.
Proverbios 9: 7-9. La Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días
Some people believe Adam and Eve committed a serious sin when they ate
[consumed] of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. However, latter day
scriptures help us understand that their Fall was a necessary step in the plan of
life and a great blessing [consecration, approval] to all of us. Because of the Fall,
we are blessed with physical bodies, the right to choose between good and evil,
and the opportunity to gain eternal life. None of these privileges would have
been ours had Adam and Eve remained in the garden.
Gospel Principles - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Divine providence works also through the actions of creatures. To human

beings God grants the ability to co-operate freely with his plans. …
The Scriptural expression "heaven and earth" means all that exists, creation in
its entirety. It also indicates the bond [link, friendship], deep within creation,
that both unites heaven and earth and distinguishes the one from the other: "the
earth" is the world of men, while "heaven" or "the heavens" can designate both
the firmament and God's own "place" - "our Father in heaven" and consequently
the "heaven" too which is eschatological glory. Finally, "heaven" refers to the
saints and the "place" of the spiritual creatures, the angels, who surround God.
Power of the Word of God. - [Now, five questions] - 1. Who is the Word?. 2.
Who was the active agent in creation?. 3. Name several examples of power of
Christ's spoken words. 4. Give an example of a person kept from [protected of]
sin by the word. 5. Mention instances [examples] of the power of the word in
the Old Testament.
Principles of Life from the Word of God - Seventh-day Adventists

This Product is made in Mexico, for

Mexico, and towards the World. M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
Thanks for your attention. Ced. Prof. 5632071
Date of Finishing, 21 May 2020.
Science is the organization of thought.
Unknown author

The VOA- ERD Institution, for Your English.
«Aves»
Visit my Personal Page. Get ahead.
Go to: https://sites.google.com/site/mcenriqueruizdiaz/

Magazine Bonus 2


I always recommend people read nutrition labels so they know, for instance,
how much fiber they're getting.
Claudia Black
Head Start has been a key component of health, nutrition and early learning
opportunities since the 1960s.
Travis Lane Stork
I have a thorough [detailed, careful] understanding of nutrition, and I feed my

body only foods that support health.
Warren Cuccurullo
True beauty comes from the inside out [back-to-front]. It emerges from proper
thinking, as well as proper nutrition and exercise.
David Bowie
Feed the mind good wisdom, the body good nutrition, the soul good vibes
[feelings, atmospheres], … Elevation for your situation.
Ellie Krieger
Exercise and good nutrition helped make me what I am today and are critical in
allowing me stay on top of my game.
John Robbins

The bottom line [result, end product] is that there is a lot more that could and
should be done to help people with nutrition and exercise.
Chris Paul
I submit [present] that scientists have not yet explored the hidden possibilities
of the innumerable seeds, leaves and fruits for giving the fullest possible
nutrition to mankind.
Jared Polis
Training is bad for you! Training followed by rest and proper nutrition is good
for you and will make you better prepared for the event you are training for.
Robert Farrar Capon
Developing a diet that is healthful [healthy, good for your health], balanced,
and appropriate for your particular caloric needs is easy enough and is
absolutely critical to establishing a healthful lifestyle that incorporates proper
nutrition, adequate fitness, and mental resilience.
Victor Hugo

=========================================================
Maestría – El caso de una determinada película, y un determinado libro
__ __ __
Película: «Poderes Ocultos» - Dos investigadores de fraudes paranormales, la

veterana doctora Margaret Matheson (Sigourney Weaver) y su joven ayudante
Tom Buckley (Cillian Murphy), estudian los más diversos fenómenos
metapsíquicos con la intención de demostrar su origen fraudulento. Simón
Silver (Robert De Niro), legendario psíquico, tal vez el dotado más célebre de
todos los tiempos, reaparece después de treinta años de enigmática ausencia
para convertirse en el mayor desafío mundial para la ciencia ortodoxa y los
escépticos profesionales.
__ __ __ __ __ __
«¿Será posible que un estado de ánimo triste o negativo pueda debilitar nuestro
organismo hasta el punto de abrir la puerta a numerosas enfermedades?,
¿Es verdad que muchas curaciones catalogadas como inexplicables, e incluso

como milagrosas, pueden haber sido causadas por una poderosa sugestión?
¿Qué hay de cierto en esos resultados aparentemente mágicos que consiguen

ciertos estados alterados de conciencia como la hipnosis o la meditación?.
A todas estas preguntas responde este libro de Abelardo Hernández que nos
enseña algunas de las increíbles y aún desconocidas capacidades de nuestra
mente».
Del libro titulado «La Relación Cuerpo - Mente», de la Editorial «Nueva

Biblioteca de los Temas Ocultos». Autor Abelardo Hernández. Año 1995.
=========================================================

======================================================
Personal Finances - [Church of the Mormons]
__ __ __
Dear Brothers and Sisters:
The Lord has declared, “It is my purpose to provide for my saints” (D&C
104:15). This revelation is a promise from the Lord that He will provide
temporal blessings [sanctifications, approbations] and open the door of self-
reliance [self-confidence], which is the ability for us to provide the necessities of
life for ourselves and our family members.
This workbook has been prepared to help members of the Church learn and put
into [towards] practice principles of faith, education, hard work, and trust in the
Lord. Accepting and living these principles will better enable you to receive the
temporal blessings promised by the Lord. We invite you to diligently study and
apply these principles and teach them to your family members. As you do so,
your life will be blessed [approved, sanctified].
You will learn how to act on your path toward greater self-reliance. You will be
blessed with greater hope, peace, and progress.
Please be assured that you are a child of our Father in Heaven. He loves you
and will never forsake [abandon] you. He knows you and is ready to extend to
you the spiritual and temporal blessings of self-reliance.
Sincerely,
The First Presidency - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Salt Lake
City, Utah

__ __ __
I am come [move towards] that they might have life, and that they might have
it more abundantly. John 10:10
__ __ __
Whatever causes us to be dependent on someone else for decisions or resources

we could provide for ourselves weakens us spiritually and retards our growth
toward what the gospel plan intends us to be.
__ __ __
Without self-reliance one cannot exercise these innate desires to serve. How can
we give if there is nothing there? Food for the hungry cannot come from empty
[unoccupied] shelves [steps]. Money to assist the needy cannot come from an
empty purse [reward, prize]. Support and understanding cannot come from the
emotionally starved [have nothing to eat]. Teaching cannot come from the
unlearned. And most important of all, spiritual guidance cannot come from the
spiritually weak. Marion G. Romney.
__ __ __
I urge you . . . to look to the condition of your finances. I urge you to be modest
in your expenditures [expenses, payments]; discipline yourselves in your
purchases to avoid debt to the extent [degree] possible. Pay off [Liquidate] debt
as quickly as you can, and free yourselves from bondage [slavery, oppression].
This is a part of the temporal gospel in which we believe. May the Lord bless
you to set your houses in order. If you have paid your debts, if you have a
reserve, even though it be small…, you will have shelter [protection] for your
[families] and peace in your hearts.

__ __ __
Discuss:
1) What experiences did you have practicing or sharing the My Foundation

[Organization] principle?.
2) What patterns or habits have you discovered while tracking [following]

your expenses?.
3) What did you learn from your family council [meeting, assembly]?.
4) What did you learn from the financial assessment [evaluation]?.
__ __ __
There is a law . . . upon [on] which all blessings are predicated—and when we
obtain any blessing from God, it is by obedience to that law upon which it is
predicated [established, centered].
__ __ __
The Lord blesses those who want to improve, who accept the need for
commandments and try to keep them. He will help you repent
[disappointment], repair, fix [resolve] whatever [of any kind] you have to fix,
and keep going. Soon enough you will have the success you seek [search for].
__ __ __
Document: «Personal Finances for Self-reliance». The Church of Jesus Christ

of Latter-day Saints Salt Lake City, Utah.
======================================================

========================================================
English as Medium of Instruction (EMI) - Oxford University
__ __ __
«Of course, all the contents of our magazines of ‘Leadership of 100 and 5
Stars’ work with issues of any intelligence, or any form of virtue. Now, I
highlight [emphasize] in the present theme, EMI - English as Medium of
Instruction, because of a great power of intersecting with the mission of our
magazines. Yes, our magazines: ‘The Leadership, and the English Language -
The English Language, and the Leadership’».
__ __ __
The author, Julie Dearden.
Julie Dearden is the Senior Research and Development Fellow [Partner,

Coworker] in English as Medium of Instruction (EMI) at Oxford University
Department of Education (OUDE) and has a particular interest in the global
shift [change] from English being taught as a ‘foreign’ language to English being
used as a medium of instruction for other academic subjects. - [And both, ok]-.
She is a member of the OUDE Applied Linguistics research group which aims
to increase understanding of the acquisition and use of language from both a
theoretical and a practical perspective. Julie manages a new research Center
which was established in March 2014: EMI Oxford. This Center conducts
research into English as Medium of Instruction and develops and teaches
professional development programs for teachers and lecturers [speakers,
trainers, readers].

This report presents the findings of a study which attempted to provide an

initial picture of the rapidly growing global phenomenon of English medium
instruction (EMI). Our working definition of EMI was: «The use of the English
language to teach academic subjects in countries or jurisdictions where the first
language (L1) of the majority of the population is not English».
The study was conducted by EMI Oxford (The Centre for Research and
Development in English Medium Instruction), a Centre based in the University
of Oxford’s Department of Education. The research group included Professor
Ernesto Macaro, Dr Catherine Walter, Julie Dearden and Ting Zhao. The study
was enabled thanks to the support of the British Council. …
. __ __ __
In many countries the educational infrastructure does not support quality EMI
provision: there is a shortage [lack, deficiency] of linguistically qualified
teachers; there are no stated [specified, indicated] expectations of English
language proficiency [expertise, know-how]; there appear to be few
organizational or pedagogical guidelines [guiding principle] which might lead
to effective EMI teaching and learning; there is little or no EMI content in initial
teacher education (teacher preparation) programs and continuing professional
development (in-service) courses.
__ __ __

EMI – Eight Questions
1. Who or what is driving EMI implementation and expansion?.
2. What are the different forms of EMI currently [now, at this time] being
developed?.
3. What kind of English is being used in EMI and does this matter [count,
signify]?.
4. What levels of English proficiency [expertise, know-how] enable EMI

teachers/professors to provide quality instruction in their respective
academic subjects?.
5. What are the psycholinguistic representations in the mental lexicon

[dictionary, vocabulary] of abstract concepts encountered in academic
subjects through EMI?.
6. What strategies are used by students in EMI classrooms in oral and

written comprehension tasks which are designed to facilitate their
understanding of their academic subjects?
7. What are the psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic effects on students’

home language resulting from EMI used in various phases of education?.
8. …
__ __ __

EMI is increasingly [progressively, more and more] being used in universities,

secondary schools and even primary schools. This phenomenon has very
important implications for the education of young people. Yet little empirical
[pragmatic] research has been conducted into [towards] why and when EMI is
being introduced and how it is delivered. We do not know enough with regard
to [with reference to] the consequences of using English rather than the first
language (L1) on teaching, learning, assessing [evaluating], and teacher
professional development.
__ __ __
Bring to mind: «L1, where the first language of the majority of the population is
not English».
__ __ __
The study described in this report was a first phase in tackling [undertaking,
facing] that research agenda in that its intention was to investigate in very broad
[extensive, expansive] terms what the current situation is globally. This initial
phase, carried out [performed] with the support of the British Council, set about
mapping (a) «the size and shape of EMI in the world today». What is reported
here therefore [consequently] is a ‘bird’s eye view’ of 55 countries where (b)
«EMI is established or is in the process of being established».
[DATE] - The study was conducted from October 2013 to March 2014 and
investigated the current situation of EMI in terms of country particularities,
subjects being taught through EMI and important variables according to
educational phases.
__ __ __

EMI Oxford carried out [performed] 25 semi-structured 15–20 minute

interviews with university teachers who were participating in three separate
one-week professional development courses organized by the British Council.
«The teachers came from different disciplines», including Mathematics,
Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Information Technology, Media Studies, Social
Work. They taught both undergraduates and graduates. The interviews were
based on open questions about EMI aimed at investigating …
__ __ __
The interviews were based on open questions about EMI aimed at investigating:
1. The teachers’ experience in EMI at university level.
2. Beliefs about whether students’ English improved when learning through

EMI.
3. Indications of whether students’ academic subject learning was affected

when learning through EMI
4. If teachers were aware of an EMI policy in their university
5. Teachers’ perceptions of the level of English needed by students to follow a

course in EMI and how they could reach that level.
6. Teachers’ beliefs of the level of English needed by a teacher to teach in EMI

and how they could reach that level.
The interviewer also asked the teachers themselves what research questions
they would like EMI Oxford to investigate in the future in relation to EMI.
__ __ __

Carrying out [Functioning, Working] a world-wide study of EMI poses a

number of challenges for researchers. EMI is a global phenomenon, yet each
EMI context in each country is potentially different. Each context has its own
vocabulary for discussing educational issues and systems.
__ __ __
The research field of EMI can be conceptualized as having two dimensions. The
first is its presence in primary, secondary and tertiary education and the
transition points between these phases. The second is the separation between
public (state funded) and private education.
__ __ __
Globally, the percentage of institutions in the private sector which respondents

reported as sanctioning [authorizing, permitting] or allowing EMI is
consistently higher than those in the public sector.
__ __ __
[«respondent», in Spanish, «(n.) Persona demandada jurídicamente / (n.)

Persona requerida para un algo»].
__ __ __
Some teachers also spoke about their wish to ‘attract intelligent people to their
university and share their own knowledge more widely’. Statements included:
«For my university it is necessary to open the doors, globalization has arrived.
We’re linguistically an isolated [remote, solitary] country. Internationalization
is one of the big words here. English as world language, as the key to success,
omnipresent [universal]».
__ __ __

Spain - Public opinion is demanding EMI especially in primary and secondary

education as English is considered a fundamental skill crucial for mobility and
employability and not simply a foreign language. Provision of bilingual/ CLIL
education is considered a vote winner by public administrations.
__ __ __
Germany - No controversy [disagreement], yet. It is expected in Germany to

spend some time abroad [in a foreign country], there are many initiatives to
encourage study abroad. And there is a high expectation that everyone speaks
a second language or has a reasonable level of English.
__ __ __
Our present investigation «English as a medium of instruction – a growing

global phenomenon - Oxford University» obtains data of analysis of several
countries. Now, my person, M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, only, lists 21 countries.
They are, really [in reality], 55 countries study. Next, I cite: United States, Sri
Lanka, Netherlands, Argentina, Switzerland, Israel, Italy, Portugal, Germany,
Japan, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Greece, Hong Kong, China, Hungary, South Africa,
Venezuela, Colombia, India, Spain, …
__ __ __

Teachers felt that the students would improve their English by being exposed
to it, by having to express themselves and by reading and writing: «For sure
yes, they will be exposed to more input [participation, involvement, and
feedback], relevant input. Yes because they are forced to communicate with me
in English and forced to think in English. I’m sure they will improve because
they have to express themselves and collect [accumulate] the vocabulary to
express and for their writing».
__ __ __
The study was enabled thanks to the support of the British Council. [That
institution] is the United Kingdom’s international organization for cultural
relations and educational opportunities.
__ __ __
[A note of ERD] - In Mexico, and towards the world, you have two great free
resources, for Your English. First, VOA-ERD, and second, the magazines of
‘Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars’. Now, the directions:
1) VOA-ERD, in:
<https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/>,
<https://sites.google.com/site/mcenriqueruizdiaz/>
2) Magazines of 100 and 5 Stars, options to accede and obtain them:
<https://100and5stars.blogspot.mx/>
<https://sites.google.com/site/100and5stars/>
<https://es.scribd.com/user/440468217/100-and-5-Stars>
<https://www.slideshare.net/MCEnrique/>

__ __ __
Julie Dearden. «English as a medium of instruction – a growing global

phenomenon». British Council, and Oxford University Department of
Education. «www.teachingenglish.org.uk».
========================================================
Human life has meaning only to that degree and as long as [on condition that]
it is lived in the service of humanity.
Wole Soyinka
I think it's good if a song has more than one meaning. Maybe that kind of song
can reach far [distantly] more people.
Syd Barrett
Everyone - pantheist, atheist, skeptic, and polytheist - has to answer these

questions: 'Where did I come from? What is life's meaning? How do I define
right from wrong and what happens to me when I die?'. Those are the fulcrum
[support] points of our existence.
Ravi Zacharias
Without wisdom, the future has no meaning, no valuable purpose.
Herbie Hancock

Patterns of repetition govern each day, week, year, and lifetime. 'Personal
habits' is one term we use to describe the most common of these repeated
patterns. But I say these habits are sacred because they give deliberate structure
to our lives. Structure gives us a sense of security. And that sense of security is
the ground [earth, argument] of meaning.
Robert Fulghum
I don't separate architecture, design, or culture. What's more important is a

language of creativity that carries meaning.
Neri Oxman
Knowing trees, I understand the meaning of patience. Knowing grass [pasture],

I can appreciate persistence.
Hal Borland
Science is very good at answering the 'how' questions. 'How did the universe
evolve to the form that we see?' But it is woefully [unhappily] inadequate in
addressing the 'why' questions. 'Why is there a universe at all?' These are the
meaning questions, which many people think religion is particularly good at
dealing with. - [Be happy].
Brian Greene

I was very candid [sincere, honest] in my book because I want people to know
the truth... and that people can change for the better.
Glen Campbell
The Book of Mormon is a second witness [observer] of Jesus Christ and a

manifestation of the truthfulness [exactitude, accuracy] of the Prophet Joseph
Smith. I appreciate the Prophet Joseph. I appreciate President Gordon B.
Hinckley, who is the prophet of God and holds all the keys of the kingdom at
this time, keys which prophets have held in uninterrupted succession since
Joseph Smith.
Dieter F. Uchtdorf
I firmly believe that you can't get a good movie without risking a bad movie. A
good adaptation of your book is worth [value, importance] it because it is such
a wonderful experience to see your world translated onto [on] the screen.
Cassandra Clare
It's no coincidence that the word 'holiday' suggests a holy [consecrated,

sanctified] day, or that the longest book in the Torah concerns the Sabbath. If
you wish to advance in any sphere, the best way is to take a retreat [sanctuary,
refuge].
Pico Iyer

'Swan,' by Mary Oliver. Poems and prose. Reading from this book is as if visiting
a very wise friend. There is wisdom and welcoming kindness on every page.
Jessye Norman
Self-hypnosis, and the states of meditations are apart. But, both are near
relatives [families]. Read books of self-development. Be positive. Mark Haddon
affirms: ‘Reading is a conversation. All books talk. But a good book listens as
well’.
I'm not a religious person; I'm more of a spiritual person, so I follow the rules of
the Bible that coordinate with and connect with the Hebrew culture.
Amar'e Stoudemire
The only thing I can say that is wonderful about my mother is she forced me to
learn three verses of the Bible every day of my life, and I've read the Bible now
five times and it taught me the English language.
Bryce Courtenay
While the Bible teaches that immortality of the soul is conditional upon [on]
well-doing, it makes no distinction in respect of the spirit.
Max Heindel

It does not require great learning to be a Christian and be convinced of the truth
of the Bible. It requires only an honest heart and a willingness to obey God.
Albert Barnes
There is a quiet revolution going on [about, taking place] in the study of the
Bible. At its center is a growing awareness that the Bible is a work of literature
and that the methods of literary [literate, well-read] scholarship [studentship,
learning] are a necessary part of any complete study of the Bible.
Leland Ryken
All the streams flow into [towards] the sea, yet [however] the sea is not full. To
the place from which the streams flow, there they return so [consequently, thus]
as to flow again.
Ecclesiastes 1:7 - Jehovah’s Witnesses

The existence of angels - The existence of the spiritual, non-corporeal beings that
Sacred Scripture usually calls "angels" is a truth [veracity] of faith [confidence].
The witness [observer] of Scripture is as clear as the unanimity of Tradition. …
The beauty of the universe: the order and harmony of the created world results
from the diversity of beings and from the relationships which exist among them.
Man discovers them progressively as the laws of nature. They call forth [into
the world] the admiration of scholars [academics, researchers]. The beauty of
creation reflects the infinite beauty of the Creator and ought to inspire the
respect and submission [obedience] of man's intellect and will.
The Godhead, or Trinity, consists of the Eternal Father, a personal, spiritual

Being, omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient [all-knowing], infinite in wisdom
and love; the Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of the Eternal Father, through whom all
things were created and through whom the salvation of the redeemed hosts
[congregations, multitudes] will be accomplished; the Holy Spirit, the Third
Person of the Godhead, the great regenerating power in the work of redemption
[improvement, renovation].
Principles of Life from the Word of God - Seventh-day Adventists

Attributes of the Holy Ghost [Spirit] - How does the Holy Ghost differ from the
Father and the Son?. Why is that difference important to us?. The Holy Ghost is
a member of the Godhead. He is a “personage of Spirit”. He can be in only one
place at a time, but His influence can be everywhere at the same time. Heavenly
Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost are called the Godhead. They are
unified in purpose. Each has an important assignment [task, project] in the plan
of salvation. Our Heavenly Father is our Father and ruler. Jesus Christ is our
Savior. The Holy Ghost is the revealer and testifier of all truth. The Holy Ghost
is our Heavenly Father’s messenger and is a special gift to us.

Here we have the great irony of modern nutrition: at a time when hundreds of
millions of people do not have enough to eat, hundreds of millions more are
eating too much and are overweight [overheavy] or obese.
Marion Nestle
The crusade is never off my mind -- the exercise I do, the food I eat, the thought
I think -- all this and how I can help make my profession better-respected. To
me, this one thing -- physical culture and nutrition -- is the salvation of America.
- [100 and 5 Stars].
Marc David
Someone could have an outstanding [excellent, great] comprehension of a

bodybuilding diet and a background in nutrition but not have the work ethic
and desire to put it into [towards] practice. That person won't be as successful
as the person who understands some basics and puts them into action regularly.
Marianne Williamson
Promotion of health generally by improving the standard of living. From the

health point of view we are in this connection first and foremost [principal]
interested in the three fundamental environmental factors: housing [shelter,
refuge] (including family life), nutrition, and working conditions (including
human relations as well as material conditions).
Amartya Sen

There is one thing on which most athletes and experts seem to agree. If you want
to be an elite athlete, good nutrition at a young age is an important place to start.
Chuck Norris
Nutrition is so important; it's part of the game. It has helped with my recovery,
allowed me to sleep better, and helped my body adapt quickly.
Mohamed Salah
The next frontier in nutrition will be about reconfiguring diets according to

individual specific physiology, lifestyle, and health goals.
Denise Morrison
The lack of access to proper nutrition is not only fueling [promoting] obesity, it
is leading to food insecurity and hunger among our children.
Tom Vilsack
In Aristotle the mind, regarded as [considered, categorized] the principle of life,

divides into nutrition, sensation, and faculty of thought, corresponding to the
inner [internal, inside] most important stages in the succession of vital
phenomena.
Wilhelm Wundt

I have an innate sense of justice and felt compelled [required, induced] to create
an organization that would ensure [safeguard, guarantee] consumers are
provided with sound [complete] nutrition guidance [assistance, support]. In
establishing Feed the Truth, my intent is to elevate reputable science, bolster
[reinforce, support] the voices of the nutrition community, and improve the
guidance and information offered to Americans. - [100 and 5 Stars].
Daniel Lubetzky
At Cisco, we are moving to collaboration teams, groups coming together that

represent sales, engineering, finance, legal, etc. And we're training leaders to
think across silos [grain storage, feed storage].
John T. Chambers
Now both my films have been number one at the Australian box office and it
took about two years just to get the finance for this film, so if it's hard for me
then God help everyone [each] else [other].
Yahoo Serious
Without any formal personal finance instruction in our high school or college
curricula, many college seniors who graduate in the red [communist,
collectivist] will continue to make common financial mistakes that only
exacerbate [aggravate] their debt [debit] burdens [problems].
Alexa Von Tobel

If you go back to the late '50s, there really [in reality] was nothing called
"academic finance." Well, there was something being taught in business schools
as finance, but it really had no strong research underpinnings [foundations,
reinforcements].
Eugene Fama
Finance is not merely about making money. It's about achieving our deep goals
and protecting the fruits of our labor. It's about stewardship [estate manager]
and, therefore [consequently], about achieving the good society.
Robert J. Shiller
It is usually people in the money business, finance, and international trade that
are really [in reality] rich.
Robin Leach
I've learned there's a big difference between a long-focused value investor

[financier, patron] and a good short-seller. That difference is psychological and
I think it falls into [towards] the realm [kingdom] of behavioral [behavior]
finance.
James Chanos

The resources at Harvard - its professors, our fellow [colleague, partner]

students, the libraries, its alumni [graduates, former students] - created for me
the opportunity to pursue my passions in finance.
Kenneth C. Griffin
In our first decade, I interviewed [questioned] about five thousand people in

pursuit [search] of the talent that would create our future. As our success grew,
we became known across the four corners of finance not just for our outstanding
[excellent, great] returns, but also for our outstanding people.
Kenneth C. Griffin
It is incredible [extraordinary] to come to work every day surrounded by

individuals whose insights and efforts place us at the forefront [front,
vanguard] of finance.
Kenneth C. Griffin
Choose an author as you choose a friend.
Sir Christopher Wren
To acquire the habit of reading is to construct for yourself a refuge from almost
all the miseries of life.
Somerset Maugham

Let us read and let us dance - two amusements [delights, enjoyments] that will
never do any harm [damage] to the world.
Voltaire
I’ve never seen a company that was able to satisfy its customers which did not
also satisfy its employees. Your employees will treat your customers no better
than you treat your employees.
Larry Bossidy
Let us think less of what the future will bring us and more of what we will bring
the future. - [100 and 5 Stars].
Shraga Silverstein
There’s only one corner [angle, position] of the universe you can be certain of
improving, and that’s your own self.
Aldous Huxley
Positive anything is better than negative thinking.
Elbert Hubbard
Adversity introduces a man to himself.
Author Unknown

How the magazines of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars» contribute towards our
power for our minds. Emile Chartier, Deepak Chopra, and Jim Rohn
contribute for our answer. (1) The first affirms: ‘Nothing is more dangerous than
an idea when it is the only one you have’. (2) The second affirms: ‘We have
approximately 60,000 thoughts in a day. Unfortunately, 95% of them are
thoughts we had the day before’. (3) Finally, the third affirms: ‘Success is neither
magical nor mysterious. Success is the natural consequence of consistently
applying the basic fundamentals [basics, first principles]’.
Confusion is a word we have invented for an order that is not yet understood.
Henry Miller
To change bad habits, we must study the habits of successful role models.
Jack Canfield
God created all men equal. Why do some accomplish far greater
accomplishments then others?. Because they had a vision, a desire, and they
took action.
Thomas J. Vilord
Concentrated thoughts produce desired results.
Zig Ziglar

Never stop learning. If you learn one new thing everyday, you will overcome
[conquer, rise above] 99% of your competition.
Joe Carlozo
He who conquers others is strong. He who conquers himself is mighty

[powerful].
Lao Tzu
I think that the power is the principle. The principle of moving forward, as
though you have the confidence to move forward, eventually gives you
confidence when you look back and see what you’ve done.
Robert Downey

====================================================
Our highlighted blue, two keys: Dr. Seuss, and Lev Grossman - Our magazines
of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars» present both the names of the authors of all
the quotes, and the titles of themes in highlighted blue. Why do we have in
highlighted blue?. Now, two appropriate quotes. Well,
(1) Dr. Seuss affirms: ‘You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes.
You can steer [drive, guide] yourself in any direction you choose. You’re on
your own. And you know what you know. You are the guy [man] who’ll decide
where to go’.
Finally, (2) Lev Grossman affirms: ‘For just one second, look at your life and see
how perfect it is. Stop looking for the next secret door that is going to lead you
to your real life. Stop waiting. This is it: there’s nothing else. It’s here, and you’d
better decide to enjoy it or you’re going to be miserable wherever [everyplace]
you go, for the rest of your life, forever’.
====================================================

Be wise, because the world needs wisdom. If you cannot be wise, pretend to be
someone who is wise and then just behave [act, perform] like they would.
Neil Gaiman
The most authentic thing about us is our capacity to create, to overcome

[conquer], to endure, to transform, to love and to be greater than our suffering.
Ben Okri
I cannot do all the good that the world needs, but the world needs all the good
that I can do.
Jana Standfield
Kind [Caring, Nice] words do not cost much. Yet [However] they accomplish
much.
Blaise Pascal
Be silent, or say something better than silence.
Pythagoras

If you care enough for a result, you will most certainly attain it.
William James
To succeed in business it is necessary to make others see things as you see them.
Aristotle Onassis

=====================================================
What is Science?
Science is a methodical approach to study the natural world. Science asks basic
questions, such as how does the world work? How did the world come to be?
What was the world like in the past, what is it like now, and what will it be like
in the future? These questions are answered using observation, testing, and
interpretation through logic.
Most scientists would not say that science leads to an understanding of the
truth. Science is a determination of what is most likely [probable] to be correct
at the current time with the evidence at our disposal [arrangement]. Scientific
explanations can be inferred [deduced, concluded] from confirmable data only,
and observations and experiments must be reproducible and verifiable by other
individuals. In other words, good science is based on information that can be
measured or seen and verified by other scientists.
The scientific method, it could be said, is a way of learning or a process of using

comparative critical thinking. Things that are not testable … in some scientific
or mathematical way, now or in the future, are not considered science.
Falsifiability is the principle that a proposition or theory cannot be scientific if it
does not admit the possibility of being shown false.

Science takes the whole universe and any and all phenomena in the natural
world under [below] its purview [field, concern], limited only by what is
feasible [possible, viable] to study given our current physical and physical
limitations. Anything that cannot be observed or measured or shown to be false
is not amenable [agreeable, flexible] to scientific investigation. Explanations that
cannot be based on empirical evidence are not a part of science (National
Academy of Sciences, 1998).
Science is, however, a human endeavor [effort, work] and is subject to personal
prejudices [predispositions], misapprehensions [misunderstandings], and bias
[partiality]. Over time, however, repeated reproduction and verification of
observations and experimental results can overcome [conquer] these
weaknesses [disadvantages, difficulties]. That is one of the strengths [powers]
of the scientific process.
Christine V. McLelland.
«Nature of Science and the Scientific Method».
GSA Distinguished Earth Science Educator in Residence - The Geological

Society of America.
======================================================

One of the marvelous [excellent] blessings of the Book of Mormon is that it

contains, in clarity, revelations reserved to come forth [originate, rise] in this
dispensation of time. Much of the knowledge that we have relating to the
principle of moral agency is found [obtained] in these modern revelations.
L. Lionel Kendrick
A comprehensive [complete] marketing plan involves both online and offline

efforts to use and broaden [increase, expand] your existing platform to promote
your book.
M. J. Rose
I just want to stay in my hotel room, read my book. I enjoy that private time.
Hope Solo
If I truly believe everything that's in that book, God is in control. He is in control.

He's working for my good. Doesn't mean everything's going to be smooth
[horizontal, persuasive], but that's all I needed to know. There is a light at the
end of the tunnel.
Shawn Michaels

Now, Anthony Trollope speaks, and the magazines of «Leadership of 100 and 5
Stars» feel a right tone. He affirms: ‘Book love... is your pass [authorization,
way] to the greatest, the purest, and the most perfect pleasure that God has
prepared for His creatures’.
If you're going to have more than one person read your book, they're going to
have totally different opinions and responses. No person - no two people - read
the same book.
Diana Gabaldon
Those who know nothing of foreign languages, knows nothing of their own.
Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe
Language is a part of our organism and no less complicated than it.
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Viewed freely, the English language is the accretion [accumulation, deposit] and
growth [development] of every dialect, race, and range of time, and is both the
free and compacted composition of all.
Walt Whitman

A special kind of beauty exists which is born in language, of language, and for
language.
Gaston Bachelard
Language is only the instrument of science, and words are but the signs of ideas.
Samuel Johnson
Language ought to be the joint [join, connection] creation of poets and manual
workers.
George Orwell
Strong succession planning is a critical element of all the Johnson enterprises.
Helen Johnson-Leipold
People's mouse clicks decide what businesses, services, and content succeed.
Users have equal access to tiny [small, little] businesses with viral ideas and
blue-chip companies, allowing these enterprises to compete on their own
merits. It's how so many small start-ups have been able to become Internet
success stories.
Chellie Pingree

True philanthropy requires a disruptive mindset [attitude, frame of mind],

innovative thinking and a philosophy driven by entrepreneurial insights and
creative opportunities.
Naveen Jain
Educationists should build the capacities of the spirit of inquiry [question,

interrogation], creativity, entrepreneurial and moral leadership among students
and become their role model.
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Capitalism does a number of things very well: it helps create an entrepreneurial

spirit; it gets people motivated to come up [rise, occur] with new ideas, and
that's a good thing.
Bernie Sanders
A leadership culture is one where everyone thinks like an owner [proprietor,

possessor], a CEO or a managing director. It's one where everyone is
entrepreneurial and proactive.
Robin S. Sharma

When I meet with most entrepreneurial teams, I ask them a simple question:
How do you know that you're making progress? Most of them really [in reality]
can't answer that question.
Eric Ries
When women are provided with training and entrepreneurial opportunities in

distribution networks, they become role models in their communities, showing
it is possible to challenge limiting norms and stereotypes, and to succeed.
Paul Polman
By understanding and harnessing [connecting, employing] the forces that drive

human behavior, you can create a self-sustaining philanthropic effort that
reaches millions of people. It begins with an entrepreneurial attitude: take an
idea and execute on that idea. If it doesn't work, learn why and build on what
you've learned.
Naveen Jain
I've been an entrepreneur all my life, and my recent focus is on finding

entrepreneurial solutions to address [speak, attend] global challenges in
healthcare and education.
Naveen Jain

The goal of Bible translation is be transparent to the original text - to see as

clearly as possible what the biblical authors actually [in reality] wrote.
Leland Ryken
The Bible is obviously a mixed [combined] book. Literary and nonliterary

(expository, explanatory) writing exist side by side within the covers of this
unique book.
Leland Ryken
There is not one particular moment that can account for the shift [change] from
the social issue concerns of 19th-century evangelicals into [towards] the state of
American evangelicalism today. Some historical moments are telling. The rise
of biblical criticism [denunciation] in the 19th century forced evangelicals to
make choices about what they believed about the gospel.
Anthea Butler
The Bible is not an antiquated text. The scriptures are the text that will lead us
into [towards] the future.
Erwin McManus

Biblical movies need not sermonize, just be honest to the foundational [first,
initial] story. As powerful as the message is for people of faith, it's really [in
reality] great storytelling.
David Harsanyi
O wondrous [extraordinary, phenomenal] vision, which makes us contemplate

the human race in the unity of its origin in God... in the unity of its nature,
composed [constituted] equally [in the same way] in all men of a material body
and a spiritual soul; in the unity of its immediate end and its mission in the
world; in the unity of its dwelling [home, residence], the earth, whose benefits
all men, by right of nature, may use to sustain and develop life; in the unity of
its supernatural end [goal]: God himself, to whom all ought to tend; in the unity
of the means for attaining this end;. . . in the unity of the redemption wrought
[performed] by Christ for all.


Science is a river with two sources, the practical source and the
theoretical source. The practical source is the desire to direct our
actions to achieve predetermined ends . . . The theoretical source is
the desire to understand.
Unknown author



Magazine Bonus 3


This is what people don't understand: obesity is a symptom of poverty. It's not
a lifestyle choice where people are just eating and not exercising. It's because
kids - and this is the problem with school lunch right now - are getting sugar,
… - lots of calories - but no nutrition.
Tom Colicchio
I shake [agitate, alarm] all the time. It's exhausting and causes chronic pain
[discomfort] in my joints and muscles. It is also the only life I have ever known.
I use yoga, dance, nutrition, and breathing to help manage my symptoms.
Maysoon Zayid
Since acquiring major interests in Dole Food Company 28 years ago, educating
the public on proper diet has constituted the agenda of the Dole Nutrition
Institute.
David H. Murdock
Our philosophy is you need to give nonprofit [not-for-profit, state] money for
health, nutrition, education, culture, and sports.
Carlos Slim

Nutrition is an exciting, dynamic field - there are more than 10,000 articles
published on human nutrition in medical journals [magazines, papers] every
year.
Michael Greger
Popeye was right about spinach: dark green, leafy vegetables are the healthiest
food on the planet. As whole foods go, they offer the most nutrition per calorie.
Michael Greger
I am a physician [doctor of medicine] specializing in nutritional interventions

for chronic disease and a strong advocate [supporter, activist] of superior
nutrition as the first line of attack to prevent and treat most chronic diseases.
Joel Fuhrman
I'm trying to write books that taste [savor, feel] like ice cream but have the
nutrition of vegetables.
Dan Brown
I think of exercise as the father of the body and nutrition as the mother.
Mandy Ingber

I found [discovered] a great trainer in Miami with Dodd Romero, who's worked
with a lot of celebrities and athletes. We built a good program for me for training
and for me to work on my nutrition and things like that.
Big Show
Fitness has always been one of my strengths. I can do all the long-distance runs.
When I was at school and we entered the competitions, I used to do the 100m,
200m, and the 1500m as well, so it's never just been a pace [step] thing.
Jamie Vardy
For fitness, I've just bought [purchased] a watch which keeps a track of how
many calories I burn, what's my heart rate [evaluate], which is very fascinating.
Yami Gautam
Fitness is not an option. It's part of my job.
Alison Sweeney
I believe that fitness needs to come from within you. You need to respect your
body. Only then will you have the zeal [passion, enthusiasm] to maintain it. For
me, keeping fit is a part of my lifestyle.
Arjun Rampal

For me, fitness is a part of my everyday life. But fitness does not mean having
big muscles; it means being active, quick, and flexible. It can be defined in many
terms.
Varun Dhawan
I have been passionate about fitness from a very young age.
Varun Dhawan
I don't lift [elevate] weights [heaviness, stresses, anxieties]. I do fitness exercises

to stay strong.
Chad le Clos
When I was back to 100 per cent fitness, I was able to show what I was capable
of. I like to think I will bring a freshness [brilliance, clarity] into [towards] the
Euros, and now that I am captain, I am going to do my best to take
responsibility. - [100 and 5 Stars].
Eden Hazard
My fitness has always been decent. I run constantly.
Wilfried Zaha

I remember, before the 2003 World Cup, I worked extremely hard on my fitness.
A great deal of training and dietary [nutritional, dietetic] discipline. I believe I
lost 19 kg. And 19 is the number of runs I scored [counted, achieved] in the
entire tournament [competition].
Inzamam-ul-Haq
From a motivation perspective, helping others enriches the meaning and

purpose of our own lives, showing us that our contributions matter and
energizing us to work harder, longer, and smarter.
Adam Grant
My films are like clouds: their meaning keeps changing every minute.
Alejandro Jodorowsky
I must always try to do better because perfectionism, and the need to always
have new goals and achieve them, is a state of mind that brings profound
meaning to life.
Giorgio Armani

Values are principles and ideas that bring meaning to the seemingly
[apparently] mundane experience of life. A meaningful [important, significant]
life that ultimately brings happiness and pride [self-importance] requires you
to respond to temptations as well as challenges with honor, dignity, and
courage.
Laura Schlessinger
I'm working on artificial intelligence. Actually [In reality, In point of fact],

natural language understanding, which is to get computers to understand the
meaning of documents.
Ray Kurzweil
What allows us, as human beings, to psychologically survive life on earth, with
all of its pain, drama, and challenges, is a sense of purpose and meaning.
Barbara De Angelis
Specifically, my favorite tool in Java is hot code swapping in debug mode,

meaning I can edit the code while the game is running and immediately see the
results in the running game. This is super great for rapid tweaking [adjusting,
modifying]. - [Java – a language for programing software].
Markus Persson

My time in New York really clarified things for me. I thought, 'What could I do
with my life that would give it meaning?' And writing was that for me.
Jesmyn Ward
I think television has betrayed [deceived, misinformed] the meaning of

democratic speech, adding visual chaos to the confusion of voices. What role
does silence have in all this noise [sound]?.
F. Fellini
Why should you read books?. Why do you read authors with names in
highlighted blue?. Now, for our study case, Gary Zukav affirms: ‘The more you
create authentic power, the more the characteristics of authentic power become
yours, and the more meaning, purpose and joy acquire your life’.
You must be absolutely honest and true in the depicting [representing,

illustrating] of a totem [icon, symbol] for meaning is attached to every line. You
must be most particular about detail [element, feature] and proportion.
Emily Carr

======================================================
Assumptions of the scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge is based on some assumptions [statements, conjectures]

(after Nickels, 1998), such as:
1. The world is REAL; it exists apart from [besides] our sensory perception
of it.
2. Humans can accurately [correctly] perceive and attempt to understand

the physical universe.
3. Natural processes are sufficient to explain or account for natural

phenomena or events. In other words, scientists must explain the natural
in terms of the natural (and not the supernatural, …), although humans
may not currently recognize what those processes are.
4. By the nature of human mental processing, rooted [embedded,

established] in previous experiences, our perceptions may be inaccurate
[imprecise] or biased [prejudiced, partial].
5. Scientific explanations are limited. Scientific knowledge is necessarily

contingent [depending, provisional] knowledge rather than absolute, and
therefore [consequently] must be evaluated and assessed [evaluated,
measured], and is subject to modification in light of new evidence. It is
impossible to know if we have thought of every possible alternative
explanation or every variable, and technology may be limited.

6. Scientific explanations are probabilistic. The statistical view of nature is

evident implicitly or explicitly when stating [affirming, testifying]
scientific predictions of phenomena or explaining the likelihood
[probability] of events in actual situations.
__ __ __
As stated in the National Science Education Standards for the Nature of

Science:
«Scientists formulate and test their explanations of nature using observation,

experiments, and theoretical and mathematical models. Although all scientific
ideas are tentative and subject to change and improvement in principle, for most
major [main, most important] ideas in science, there is much experimental and
observational confirmation. Those ideas are not likely [probable] to change
greatly in the future. Scientists do and have changed their ideas about nature
when they encounter [face, confront] new experimental evidence that does not
match [harmonize, agree with] their existing explanations».
__ __ __

Society of America.
======================================================

Because of [As a consequence of] language, man has access to the past and the
future. He can express the true and the untrue. Language helps him understand
both what is and what could be.
Wesley Douglass Camp
Thanks to words, we have been able to rise above the brutes [monsters]; and
thanks to words, we have often sunk [descended] to the level of the demons.
Aldous Huxley
Words, too, have genuine substance — mass and weight and specific gravity.
Tim O'Brien
If I could but entice [seduce, persuade] you with sentences and tongue
[language] tie you with words.
Jamie Lynn Morris
Words are the indices [directories, pointers] of the mind.
Latin saying
Learn a new language and get a new soul.
Czech Proverb

Literature that keeps employing new linguistic and formal modes of expression
to draft [prepare, write] a panorama of society as a whole while at the same time
exposing it, tearing [destroying] the masks from its face - for me that would be
deserving [meriting] of an award [reward, medal].
Elfriede Jelinek
Linguistic philosophers continue to argue that probably music is not a language,

which is in the philosophical debate. Another point of view is to say that music
is a very profound [deep] language.
Robert Fripp
If we ask a vague question, such as, 'What is poetry?' we expect a vague answer,
such as, 'Poetry is the music of words,' or 'Poetry is the linguistic correction of
disorder.'
A. R. Ammons
Poetry is not only the most concise way of conveying [transporting,

communicating] the human experience; it also offers the highest possible
standards for any linguistic operation.
Joseph Brodsky

Because language and society are so closely linked, it is possible, in some cases,
to encourage social change by directing attention towards linguistic reflections
of aspects of society that one would like to see altered [changed, modified].
Peter Trudgill

=====================================================
Master Document, a Moral Structure of Knowledge, an Issue of Computation.
In the picture, a component of the ‘Master Document’. Component with

respect to the magazine 29 of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars».
Master Document - Computation, and, in other way, in other mode, a

specific ‘Master Document’. In any part, specified by my person. Fat and thin,
and computation. Well, J. Gustav White affirms: ‘Our language is funny — a fat
[obese] chance and slim [thin] chance are the same thing’. Now, towards a
dimension – among several dimensions -: a lot of thesis, are working with the
meta-language XML, a field of computation. So, any of that thesis require of our
referred «Moral Structure of Knowledge». Note: do not confuse their
components with the attribute of weight.
=====================================================

The method of the magazines of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars», with respect
to the English Language. So, by means of your readings, you learn via holistic
[all-inclusive, complete] narratives and descriptions. Your subconscious will
work on the best ways of comparative anatomy. Well, Winfred P. Lehmann
affirms: ‘No satisfactory historical linguistic study was carried out [performed]
before the beginning of the nineteenth century, and accordingly [consequently]
linguists had to develop appropriate methods for the new field. Like other new
sciences, historical linguistics then looked to those that had developed useful
methods. The greatest help came from comparative anatomy’.
[Prejudice – (n.) Bias, Preconception, Partiality/ (v.) Mislead, Misrepresent,

Influence]
Prejudice is a burden [problem] that confuses the past, threatens the future and
renders [represents, provides] the present inaccessible.
Maya Angelou
Of course laws will not eliminate prejudice from the hearts of human beings.
But that is no reason to allow prejudice to continue to be enshrined [preserved]
in our laws - to perpetuate injustice through inaction.
Shirley Chisholm

America is known as a country that welcomes people to its shores. All kinds of
people. The image of the Statue of Liberty with Emma Lazarus' famous poem.
She lifts [elevates] her lamp and welcomes people to the golden shore, where
they will not experience prejudice because of the color of their skin, the religious
faith that they follow.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
The eradication of racial and religious prejudice in the United States - and in the
rest of the world as well - is a long-term process.
Robert Kennedy
Prejudice is a learned trait [attribute, characteristic]. You're not born prejudiced;

you're taught it.
Charles R. Swindoll
The less secure a man is, the more likely [probable] he is to have extreme
prejudice.
Clint Eastwood
At any given moment, public opinion is a chaos of superstition, misinformation

and prejudice.
Gore Vidal

Prejudice - a vagrant [vagabond, homeless person] opinion without visible

means of support. - [100 and 5 Stars]
Ambrose Bierce
There's something special about writing by hand, writing with a fountain

[origin, beginning] pen, and there's something special about writing into
[towards] a book, to take a blank book and turn it into an actual book.
Joe Haldeman
If a reviewer is beating me up, I just say, 'Oh well, my writing is not to his or
her taste [flavor, perception].' And that's as far as [to the degree that] it goes.
Because I will simultaneously read a review where somebody says, 'Oh my God,
I had so much fun reading this book and I learned so much.'
Dan Brown
Enrique, you affirm: ‘The Books, and a Mexico with Competence of Integration
in the World’. Now, can you add an appropriate quote?. Well, Gillian Tans
affirms: ‘The mission of Booking [Engagement, Contract] is to empower people
to experience the world. Whatever people want to do, wherever they want to
go, they can book [report] it with us’. We are justified.

The power of a book lies [be positioned] in its power to turn a solitary act into a
shared vision. As long as we have books, we are not alone.
Laura Bush
I'm struggling [fighting] with what is epic [heroic, classic]. People decided I was
epic - if by epic, do you mean a big, heavy book? 'David Copperfield' is a big
book - is it epic? Amount of time covered [obscured, protected], length, drama,
or story - that's the real appeal [demand, request] - if the story is long you have
a better chance of becoming more connected.
Patrick Rothfuss
All that I am I owe [have a debt, a responsibility] to Jesus Christ, revealed to me

in His divine Book.
David Livingstone
I believe there are some great things that I've taken from the Bible in terms of
loving the world and trying to be kind. There are a lot of good things to take
from the Bible, and I like to think I try to apply them to my life.
Michaela Coel
We gather [congregate, meet] for prayer, and reading the Bible, and singing the
songs of David.
William Brewster

The Holy Spirit means the invisible power of Jehovah, holy because he is holy.
This power of Jehovah operated upon [on] the minds of honest men who loved
and who were devoted to righteousness [justice, virtue], directing them in the
writing of the Bible.
Joseph Franklin Rutherford
The power of reading books. A researcher affirms: ‘The biblical story is in

dialogue with the other stories of its time. And if the Bible can be in dialogue
with other cultures, why can't the people who are descendants of the Bible be
in dialogue with other cultures?’. Well, the great answer both the people
interrogated by Bruce Feiler, and for everyone, the answer goes towards the
intense power of reading books, and the Bible, too, of course. So, read books,
your read the entities define as books, principally. So, the constructive power
arrives. So, we have a house in the books.
'Walking the Bible' describes the year that I spent retracing [reviewing] the five
books of Moses through the desert, and I was actually working on a follow-up
[continuation, development], which would look at the rest of the Hebrew Bible
and the New Testament.
Bruce Feiler

I like reading my bible, I like bible studies where I get together [meet,
congregate] with others and talk about the word of God and how it relates to us
and how we can change to become more like him.
Bernhard Langer
When I was in college, I learned to really [in reality] take care of my body and
figured out [discovered] what works best for me and what doesn't work for me
when it comes to my nutrition. That helped so much on the field because soccer
is such a fitness-oriented game.
Abby Wambach
At the most elite level, your nutrition becomes a lifestyle: it's not something you
have to do when you're preparing for Olympic Games or World Cup games -
you just do it. You're more inclined to eat healthier because it's better for your
muscles.
Abby Wambach
Good nutrition and regular exercise definitely help you cope [manage, handle]
with life's dramas.
Terri Irwin

… I've become one of those people who can't stop talking about the connection
between food and health. Now that I know how much changing what you eat
can transform your life, I can't stop proselytizing [persuading].
Robin Quivers
I cannot stress [emphasize] a greater importance than to teach the young

generation about the risks of unhealthy eating. A great way to pique [attract,
stimulate] their interest in nutrition is to involve them more in the cooking
process. They not only will learn to cook for themselves, but also develop a
lifetime of healthy habits.
Marcus Samuelsson
I believe that parents need to make nutrition education a priority in their home
environment. It's crucial for good health and longevity to instill [inculcate,
teach] in your children sound [complete] eating habits from an early age.
Cat Cora
Our body is the only one we've been given, so we need to maintain it; we need
to give it the best nutrition.
Trudie Styler

It has always been the role of government to help solve problems, including and
especially health crises. Obesity is a health epidemic across [through] our
country, and we have a responsibility as a government and a society to do all
we can to promote good nutrition and healthy eating so we can reverse this
alarming trend [tendency, inclination].
Richard J. Codey
School is where children spend most of their time, and it is where we lay [place,
put] the foundation [basis, establishment] for healthy habits. That's why New
Jersey is the first state to adopt a comprehensive [complete, inclusive] school
nutrition policy that bans [prohibits, disallows] candy, soda, and other junk
food.
Richard J. Codey
Nutrition is also a valuable component that can help athletes both protect
themselves and improve performance.
Bill Toomey
Resting [Relaxing, Reposing] for me is fitness training.
Jenson Button

I can't eat whatever I want, definitely not. I'm always controlled because I do a
lot of fitness and triathlons, not just Formula One, so I always make sure
[validate, take care] I eat the right things.
Jenson Button
You can control what you put in your body - 100 percent. You really can control
your level of fitness and how your body looks.
Sara Rue
I also meet with city officials, representatives from governors' offices, really [in
reality] anyone in that sort of position who has shown an interest in youth
fitness, to let them know why this sort of program is so important. I give the
same message when I speak at conferences.
Rafer Johnson
I've published one book before, and now I'm writing a book of essays and stories
about life in Tokyo. And I have one book coming out [appearing] in May in
Germany, about fitness.
Franka Potente
Making fitness a priority will energize you, make you look [appearance,
expression] and feel better, and help diffuse [disperse] stress.
Mary Helen Bowers

Every day, I get up [get to your feet, arise] to hit the gym; the schedule is such
that it gives me the requisite energy to last [endure, persist] the entire day. I
stress [emphasize] on cardiovascular exercises, and the workout [test, training]
is programmed with my sporting schedule. Most of the fitness schedule is based
on what I require for my upcoming [future, imminent] matches [competitions].
Gautam Gambhir
Fitness is not about being better than someone else, but it is about being better
than what you used to be!
Nikita Dutta
For me personally, fitness is more about a lifestyle. It's not just about looking
good but also doing stunts [performances, deeds]. For me, it's a 360 degree
approach - whether it's working out [exercising], food we eat, sleeping on time,
everything comes together to be fit [healthy, adequate].
Kiara Advani
I like to keep myself fit at the pace [step] of the game. I just focus on my process,
including my fitness, skills, and fielding [returning].
Shikhar Dhawan

[Prejudice – (n.) Bias, Preconception, Partiality/ (v.) Mislead, Misrepresent,

Influence]
There is no prejudice that the work of art does not finally overcome [conquer].
Andre Gide
The greatest friend of truth is Time, her greatest enemy is Prejudice, and her
constant companion is Humility.
Charles Caleb Colton
Liberalism, above all, means emancipation - emancipation from one's fears

[uncertainties], his inadequacies [insufficiencies, lacks], from prejudice, from
discrimination, from poverty.
Hubert H. Humphrey
To advocate [support, promote] a New Order was to seek freedom and respect
for peoples without prejudice, and to seek a stable basis for the existence all
peoples, equally, and free of threats [intimidations].
Hideki Tojo
I believe the most important thing for the media is to be objective, fair, and
balanced. We should not report a story with preconceptions or prejudice.
Jack Ma

I want to stress [emphasize] the importance of being fair to our readers. You
should not impose your own view and prejudice on the readers and try to lead
them to a conclusion. As a reader, I understand what a fair report is.
Jack Ma
Marie Curie is my hero. Few people have accomplished something so rare -

changing science. And as hard as that is, she had to do it against the tide [flow,
current] of the culture at the time - the prejudice against her as a foreigner,
because she was born in Poland and worked in France. – In France she does not
find support -. And the prejudice against her as a woman.
Alan Alda
Once you have dialogue starting, you know you can break down [break,
separate] prejudice.
Harvey Milk
Public opinion is a compound of folly [imprudence], weakness [disadvantage,

limitation], prejudice, wrong feeling, right feeling, obstinacy [persistence], and
newspaper paragraphs.
Robert Peel

It is no coincidence that the growth [development] of modern tyrants has in

every case been heralded [proclaimed, announced] by the growth of prejudice.
Henry A. Wallace
I think that building political power has to come from the outside [exterior] and
from within [inside]. Meaning, we have to build political alternatives to the
existing system, and we have to try to impact what is happening in the existing
system.
Alicia Garza
Imagine that your life's efforts serve as a mark of God and that the only way the
divine is seen, heard or expressed is through the legacy [heritage] you leave
behind [at the back]. The yearning [desire] to make a difference is your need to
express your purpose and derive meaning from your time on earth.
Debbie Ford
God created a number of possibilities in case [in the event] some of his
prototypes failed - that is the meaning of evolution.
Graham Greene

About the highlighted blue in the magazines of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars».
Well, Heidi Klum affirms: ‘I think it's important to get your surroundings
[environments] as well as [in addition to] yourself into [towards] a positive state
- meaning surround [enclose] yourself with positive people, not the kind who
are negative and jealous [envious, resentful] of everything you do’. To conclude,
now, Mitt Romney: ‘Moral certainty, clear standards, and a commitment to
spiritual ideals will set you apart in a world that searches for meaning’.
Providing, meaning to a mass of unrelated needs, ideas, words and pictures - it

is the designer's job to select and fit this material together and make it
interesting.
Paul Rand
Man lives in a world of meaning.
George Herbert Mead
Broadly [Generally], the meaning of life comes from how we interact with each
other. The Internet can reconfigure space so that [with the purpose of] the right
people are always next to each other.
Reid Hoffman

What makes the meaning of life is people, so [consequently] you try to be good
to people immediately around you and in your broader [bigger, general]
community. So a lot of my projects are about how I can affect the world in the
hundreds of millions.
Reid Hoffman
Life isn't about the final moments, it's about the journey [trip, excursion], it's
about process. What makes 'Rocky' work as a movie is seeing him working his
way up [incline] from the streets to the arena and the fight of his life. You could
just show that fight, and it would be great, but seeing that journey illuminates
that fight and adds profound meaning to it. - [100 and 5 Stars]
J. Michael Straczynski
P is positive emotion, E is engagement, R is relationships, M is meaning and A

is accomplishment. Those are the five elements of what free people chose to do.
Pretty [Reasonably] much everything else is in service of one of or more of these
goals. That's the human dashboard [control panel, instrument panel].
Martin Seligman
Leadership is an attempt at influencing the activities of followers through the

communication process and toward the attainment of some goal or goals.
Unknown author

Leadership is an influence process that enable managers to get their people to

do willingly what must be done, do well what ought to be done.
Cribbin, J.J.
Leadership is defined as the process of influencing the activities of an organized

group toward goal achievement.
Rauch & Behling.
Leadership is discovering the company's destiny and having the courage to

follow it.
JoeJaworski
Leadership is interpersonal influence, exercised in a situation, and directed,

through the communication process, toward the attainment of a specified goal
or goals.
Tannenbaum,Weschler & Massarik
Leadership is not a person or a position. It is a complex moral relationship

between people, based on trust [confidence, faith], obligation, commitment,
emotion, and a shared vision of the good.
Unknown author

Leadership is that process in which one person sets the purpose or direction for
one or more other persons and gets them to move along [proceed, advance]
together with him or her and with each other in that direction with competence
and full commitment [responsibility, dedication].
Unknown author
Leadership is the accomplishment of a goal through the direction of human

assistants [helpers, subordinates]. A leader is one who successfully marshals
[organizes, arranges] his human collaborators to achieve particular ends.
Unknown author
Leadership is the art of influencing others to their maximum performance to

accomplish any task, objective or project.
Unknown author
Leadership is the art of mobilizing others to want to struggle [fight] for shared
aspirations.
Kouzes, J.M. & Posner, B.Z.

========================================================
The Scientific Method
__ __ __
Scientific Method: [Only, Its elements are cited]
1. Observation
2. Question
3. Hypothesis
4. Experiment
5. Evaluation
Definitions:
1. Fact
2. Hypothesis
3. Scientific Theory (or Law)
__ __ __

Fact:
(1). A confirmed or agreed-upon [decided-on] empirical observation or

conclusion.
(2). Knowledge or information based on real occurrences: an account

[description, report] based on fact.
(3). a). Something demonstrated to exist or known to have existed: Genetic

engineering is now a fact. That Einstein was a real person is an undisputed fact.
b). A real occurrence; an event.
__ __ __
Hypothesis:
An educated proposal [proposition, suggestion] to explain certain facts; a

tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem
that can be tested by further [additional, supplementary] investigation.
__ __ __
Scientific Theory (or Law):
An integrated, comprehensive [complete, ample] explanation of many “facts,”

especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely [generally] accepted
and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena. A theory can
often generate additional hypotheses and testable predictions. Theories can
incorporate facts and laws and tested hypotheses.
__ __ __
[At the moment, the elements of the Scientific Method are cited. But, in the
original document you have their descriptions. Thanks you].


Society of America.
========================================================

=======================================================
What Is in This Book: ‘Communicating Science’.
«The best effect of any book is that it excites the reader to self-activity».
Thomas Carlyle
The purpose of this book is to help those who work in the world of research to
communicate the contents and importance of their own work or the work in
their field.
In fact, it provides the essentials for public communication in science and

technology for scientists who wish to take this task on in person as well as [in
addition to] for those who choose to use the media or professionals. In this last
case a scientist risks limiting [reducing] his role to checking the correctness of
the content and wasting precious opportunities, or worse dictating wrong
choices.
The idea is to take a look at what lays [places, positions] behind the work of
professional communicators, like journalists, who understand how to address
[speak, attend] the public at large [in general], and learn to use their skills to the
benefit of science.

This volume is a collection and summary of reflections and experiences from

the last few years, not only in the field of public communication of science and
technology, but also in the social sciences and the wider world of professional
communications; in addition, naturally, to the author’s own experiences. But,
can you learn to communicate?.
The good news is that the rules to communicate effectively are few and simple.
The bad news is that it is not easy or natural to apply them. To some degree, in
fact, communicating is a repeatedly new process, and the most suitable
[appropriate] application of the rules needs to be identified case by case, using
your creativity, …
[Advertisement: here, only a very little content of our present and referred
book. A book in reality important, for researchers].
Giovanni Carrada.
«Communicating Science – ‘A Scientist’s Survival Kit’».
European Commission.
Internet: <http://ec.europa.eu/research/rtdinfo/index_en.html>.
Year: 2006
=======================================================

A truly great book should be read in youth, again in maturity and once more in
old age, as a fine building should be seen by morning light, at noon and by
moonlight.
Robertson Davies
A great book should leave you with many experiences, and slightly [a little]
exhausted. You should live several lives while reading it.
William Styron
When a new book comes out [appears, emerges] or becomes accessible in

whatever form, I get it and I read it.
Christoph Waltz
I started work on my first French history book in 1969; on 'Socialism in Provence'

in 1974; and on the essays [papers, dissertations] in Marxism and the French
Left in 1978. Conversely [On the other hand], my first non-academic
publication, a review in the 'TLS', did not come until the late 1980s, and it was
not until 1993 that I published my first piece in the 'New York Review.'
Tony Judt

To research my book 'Me the People' - in which I have rewritten the entire
[whole, complete] Constitution of the United States - I flew to Greece, the
birthplace of democracy. I traveled to Philly, the home of independence. I even,
if you can believe it, read the Constitution of the United States.
Kevin Bleyer
What I see in the Bible, especially in the book of Psalms, which is a book of
gratitude for the created world, is a recognition that all good things on Earth are
God's, every good gift is from above. They are good if we recognize where they
came from and if we treat them the way the Designer intended them to be
treated.
Philip Yancey
Words have power. Words created this universe... Everything started with the
Word. The Bible says, 'In the beginning was the word.' In the same way, your
words have creative power.
Bo Sanchez
The Bible was written in several languages, embraces [includes, supports] many
literary forms, and reflects cultures very different from our own. These are
important considerations for properly understanding the Bible in its context.
Troy Perry

My father was a Baptist preacher, and he used to read the King James Bible to
me every single morning. He made me memorize it and repeat verses at night
before I went to sleep.
Jay Parini
My effort has been not only to put the Biblical incident in the original setting
[scenery]... but at the same time give the human touch to convey [communicate,
transport] to my public the reverence and elevation these subjects impart to me.
Henry Ossawa Tanner
I'm a spiritual person: I believe that if you read the Bible, you get what you want
from it. But, when you actually [truly, in reality] read it, you see the beauty,
spirituality, the joy and love, and what makes us godly [religious, holy].
Carlos Mencia
A prophet is a man called by God to be His representative on earth. When a

prophet speaks for God, it is as if God were speaking. A prophet is also a special
witness [observer] for Christ, testifying of His divinity and teaching His gospel.
A prophet teaches truth and interprets the word of God. He calls the
unrighteous [impure] to repentance [penitence]. He receives revelations and
directions from the Lord for our benefit. He may see into [towards] the future
and foretell [predict] coming events so that [with the purpose of] the world may
be warned [informed, advised].

What I think works for Fox News is we have a very direct form of
communication.
Roger Ailes
A relationship is based on communication.
John Cena
The more technologically advanced our society becomes, the more we need to
go back to the basic fundamentals [basics, first principles] of human
communication.
Angela Ahrendts
And once you get instantaneous communication with everybody, you have
economic activity that's far more advanced, far more liquid, far more distributed
than ever before.
Marc Andreessen
I feel that the great challenge of our time is the communication of ideas.
Alain de Botton
It is very helpful to me, in my job, for people to know me better. A lot of that is,
it's a communication job.
Ben Horowitz

Communication is the channel through which life is conveyed [communicated,

transported], through which ideas and the energy behind [at the back] them are
transmitted, and through which the mind, body, and spirit are merged into
[towards] a force for right action.
Michael Gerber
When you consider how many people are really [in reality] not good at
communication in general and interviewing in specific, it's no wonder that
many companies struggle to build high-quality partnerships [collaborations] -
or even staffs [human resources].
Michael Gerber
Language is just a communication tool; it is the content that decides the fate
[destiny, fortune] of a film.
Ram Gopal Varma
By and large [Generally, As a rule], the critics and readers gave me an affirmed
sense of my identity as a writer. You might know this within yourself, but to
have it affirmed by others is of utmost [greatest, maximum] importance.
Writing is, after all, a form of communication. - [100 and 5 Stars]
Ralph Ellison

Art is essentially communication. It doesn't exist in a vacuum. That's why

people make art, so other people can relate to it.
Conor Oberst
The biggest sources of opportunity are collaboration and partnership. And

today, with digital communication, there is more of that everywhere. We need
to expose ourselves to that as a matter of doing business.
Mark Parker
What's the greatest advice I give? Develop excellent communication skills.
Julie Sweet
I think people underrate [devalue, think little of] the importance of investing in
your communication skills as a way to progress in your career.
Julie Sweet
Investing in management means building communication systems, business

processes, feedback, and routines that let you scale the business and team as
efficiently as possible.
Fred Wilson

========================================================
365 Table Topics Questions
From 71 to 90
71. What’s the one thing you’d like others to remember about you at the end of
your life?
72. Is there such a thing as perfect?
73. To what degree have you actually controlled the course your life has taken?
74. What does it mean to be human?
75. If you looked into the heart of your enemy, what do you think you would
find that is different from what is in your own heart?
76. What do you love most about yourself?
77. Where would you most like to go and why?
78. Is it more important to do what you love or to love what you are doing?
79. What do you imagine yourself doing ten years from now?
80. What small act of kindness were you once shown that you will never forget?
81. What is your happiest childhood memory? What makes it so special?
82. Do you own your things or do your things own you?
83. …
84. How do you deal with someone in a position of power who wants you to
fail?
85. What do you have that you cannot live without?
86. When you close your eyes what do you see?
87. What sustains you on a daily basis?

88. What are your top five personal values?

89. Why must you love someone enough to let them go?
90. …
It will continue …
Commentary: with respect to our theme presented, you can obtain the first 70
questions, from Magazine 27 to 30.
========================================================
========================================================
From 91 to 110
91. What personal prisons have you built out of [via] fears?
92. What one thing have you not done that you really want to do?
93. Why are you, you?
94. If you haven’t achieved it yet what do you have to lose?
95. What three words would you use to describe the last three months of your
life?
96. …
97. How would you describe ‘freedom’ in your own words?
98. What is the most important thing you could do right now in your personal
life?

99. If you could ask one person, alive or dead, only one question, who would
you ask and what would you ask?
100. If happiness was the national currency [prevalence], what kind of work
would make you rich?
101. What is your number one goal for the next six months?
102. …
103. Are you happy with yourself?
104. What is the meaning of ‘peace’ to you?
105. What are three moral rules you will never break?
106. …
107. Who or what do you think of when you think of love?
108. If your life was a novel, what would be the title and how would your story
end?
109. …
110. When do you feel most like yourself?
========================================================

========================================================
From 111 to 130

111. When you help someone do you ever think, “What’s in it for me?”
112. What is your greatest challenge?
113. How do you know when it’s time to continue holding on or time to let go?
114. How do you define success?
115. If someone could tell you the exact day and time you are going to die,
would you want them to tell you?
116. If I could grant you one wish what would you wish for?
117. What have you read online recently that inspired you?
118. Why do religions that advocate [promote] unity divide the human race?
119. If you could live one day of your life over again, what day would you
choose?
120. What can money not buy?
121. If you left this life tomorrow, how would you be remembered?
122. Beyond the titles that others have given you, who are you?
123. If you could live the next 24 hours and then erase it and start over just once,
what would you do?
124. Is it possible to know the truth without challenging it first?
125. What word best describes the way you’ve spent the last month of your life?
126. What makes everyone smile?
127. What do you owe [be in debt] yourself?
128. What would your ‘priceless’ MasterCard-style commercial be?
129. Can you think of a time when impossible became possible?

130. Why do you matter?
========================================================
========================================================
From 131 to 150

131. How have you changed in the last five years?
132. What are you sure of in your life?
133. When you think of ‘home,’ what, specifically, do you think of?
134. What’s the difference between settling for things and accepting the way
things are?
135. How many of your friends would you trust with your life?
136. What’s your definition of heaven?
137. What is your most prized possession?
138. How would you describe yourself in one sentence?
139. What stands [situates] between you and happiness?
140. What makes a person beautiful?
141. Is there ever a time when giving up [losing hope] makes sense?
142. What makes you proud?
143. How do you find the strength to do what you know in your heart is right?
144. Where do you find peace?

145. When have you worked hard and loved every minute of it?
146. How short would your life have to be before you would start living
differently today?
147. Is it better to have loved and lost or to have never loved at all?
148. …
149. Who do you trust and why?
150. …
========================================================
========================================================
From 151 to 170

151. When does silence convey [communicate] more meaning than words?
152. How do you spend the majority of your free time?
153. Who do you think of first when you think of ‘success?’
154. What did you want to be when you grew up [matured]?
155. How will today matter in five years from now?
156. How have you helped someone else recently?
157. What is your greatest skill?
158. Do you see to believe or believe to see?
159. How are you pursuing your dreams right now?

160. What’s the next big step you need to take?

161. If today was the last day of your life, would you want to do what you are
about to do today?
162. If today was the last day of your life, who would you call and what would
you tell them?
163. Who do you dream about?
164. What do you have trouble seeing clearly in your mind?
165. What are you looking forward to?
166. What is the number one thing you want to accomplish before you die?
167. When is love a weakness?
168. What has been the most terrifying [terrible] moment of your life thus far [to
date]?
169. Who is the strongest person you know?
170. If you could take a single photograph of your life, what would it look like?
========================================================

=========================================================
From 171 to 190
171. Is the reward [recompense] worth [value] the risk?

172. For you personally, what makes today worth living?
173. What have you done in the last year that makes you proud?
174. What did you learn recently that changed the way you live?
175. What is your fondest [kind] memory from the past three years?
176. What are the primary components of a happy life?
177. How would the world be different if you were never born?
178. What is your favorite song and why?
179. With the resources you have right now, what can you do to bring yourself
closer to your goal?
180. What are your top three priorities?
181. Why do we idolize sports players?
182. What is the nicest thing someone has ever done for you?
183. What do you see when you look into the future?
184. What makes you angry? Why?
185. What is the most valuable life lesson you learned from your parents?
186. What does love feel like?
187. What are your favorite simple pleasures?
188. If you could go back in time and tell a younger version of yourself one
thing, what would you tell?

189. What do you do to deliberately impress others?

190. What will you never do?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 191 to 210

191. Excluding [Not including] romantic relationships, who do you love?
192. What is your earliest childhood memory?
193. What book has had the greatest influence on your life?
194. What three questions do you wish you knew the answers to?
195. What is the greatest peer [partner] pressure you’ve ever felt?
196. What’s the biggest lie you once believed was true?
197. In your lifetime, what have you done that hurt someone else?
198. What’s the best part of growing older?
199. What’s been on your mind most lately [in recent times]?
200. What do you think is worth waiting for?
201. What chances do you wish you had taken?
202. Where else would you like to live? Why?
203. What motivates you to go to work each day?
204. What do you wish you had done differently?
205. What is your greatest strength and your greatest weakness?

206. When was the last time you lied [communicated untruths]? What did you
lie about?
207. What made you smile this week?
208. What do you do with the majority of your money?
209. What motivates you to be your best?
210. When was the last time you lost your temper [irritation]? About what?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 211 to 230

211. What will you never give up on [abandon]?
212. When you look into the past, what do you miss the most?
213. How would you describe the past year of your life in one sentence?
214. What is the most spontaneous thing you’ve ever done?
215. What makes you uncomfortable?
216. If you had to move 3000 miles away, what one thing would you miss the
most?
217. What worries you about the future?

218. What one ‘need’ and one ‘want’ will you strive [make every effort] to
achieve in the next twelve months?
219. …
220. Do you like the city or town you live in? Why or why not?
221. What’s the best part of being you?
222. When you look back over the past month, what single moment stands out
[was notable]?
223. What do you do to relieve stress?
224. What is your happiest memory?
225. What is your saddest memory?
226. What would you like to change?
227. How many people do you love?
228. What’s the best decision you’ve ever made?
229. What’s your favorite true story that you enjoy sharing with others?
230. Right now, at this moment, what do you want most?
=========================================================

=========================================================
From 231 to 250

231. What are you waiting for? How are you writing your life’s story?
232. What makes love last [persist]?
233. What good comes from suffering?
234. What’s the most important lesson you’ve learned in the last year?
235. Based on you current daily actions and routines, where would you expect
to be in five years?
236. What was your last [previous] major accomplishment?
237. Through all of life’s twists [developments] and turns who has been there
for you?
238. What or who has been distracting you?
239. What are you looking forward to in the upcoming [coming] week?
240. Who is your mentor and what have you learned from him?
241. What are you uncertain [doubtful] about?
242. …
243. What’s something most people don’t know about you?
244. When you have a random [casual] hour of free time, what do you usually
do?
245. What makes you weird [strange]?
246. If you could relive yesterday what would you do differently?
247. What do you do over and over again that you hate doing?
248. …
249. What white lies [misrepresentations] do you often tell? [Be careful!].

250. What is the biggest change you have made in your life in the last year?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 251 to 270

251. What do you understand today about your life that you did not understand
a year ago?
252. Whose life have you had the greatest impact on?
253. What did life teach you yesterday?
254. Who impresses you?
255. What have you done that you are not proud of?
256. When should you reveal a secret that you promised you wouldn’t reveal?
257. How would you spend your ideal day?
258. What is the one primary quality you look for in a significant other?
259. What do you admire most about your mother and father?
260. What is the best advice you have ever received?
261. If you could live forever, would you want to? Why?
262. If you had to be someone else for one day, who would you be and why?
263. What positive changes have you made in your life recently?
264. Who makes you feel good about yourself?
265. What is your biggest regret [unhappiness]?

266. Which one of your responsibilities do you wish you could get rid of
[discard]?
267. …
268. What type of person angers you the most?
269. What is missing [absent] in your life?
270. What is your most striking physical attribute?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 271 to 290

271. …
272. Who would you like to please [satisfy] the most?
273. If you could go back in time and change things, what would you change
about the week that just passed?
274. When you meet someone for the very first time what do you want them to
think about you?
275. Who would you like to forgive [exonerate]?
276. At what point during the last five years have you felt lost and alone?
277. What is one opportunity you believe you missed out [omitted] on when
you were younger?
278. What do you want more of in your life?

279. What do you want less of in your life?

280. Who depends on you?
281. Who has had the greatest impact on your life?
282. Are you happy with where you are in your life? Why?
283. In one year from today, how do you think your life will be different?
284. How have you sabotaged [disrupted] yourself in the past five years?
285. Other than money, what else have you gained from your current job?
286. Whom do you secretly envy? Why?
287. In twenty years, what do you want to remember?
288. What are you most excited about in your life right now – today?
289. What experience from this past year do you appreciate the most?
290. What is the most enjoyable thing your family has done together in the last
three years?
=========================================================

=========================================================
From 291 to 310

291. How many hours of television do you watch in a week? A month? A year?
292. What is the biggest obstacle that stands in your way right now?
293. What do you sometimes pretend you understand that you really don’t?
294. What do you like most about your job? What do you dislike most about
your job?
295. What’s something new you recently learned about yourself?
296. In one sentence, how would you describe your relationship with your
mother?
297. What was the most defining moment in your life during this past year?
298. What’s the number one change you need to make in your life in the next
twelve months?
299. What makes you feel secure?
300. What is your favorite sound?
301. What are the top three qualities you look for in a friend?
302. What simple gesture have you recently witnessed [observed] that renewed
your hope in humanity?
303. What is your favorite smell?
304. What recent memory makes you smile the most?
305. In one word, how would you describe your childhood?
306. What celebrities do you admire? Why?
307. What is the number one motivator in your life right now?

308. What music do you listen to lift your spirits when you’re feeling down?
309. If I gave you $1000 and told you that you had to spend it today, what would
you buy?
310. What was the last thing that made you laugh out loud?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 311 to 330

311. What is your biggest pet [domestic animal] peeve [irritation]?
312. Who was the last person you said “I love you” to?
313. What is your biggest phobia [terror]?
314. What are some recent compliments you’ve received?
315. How many friends do you have in real life that you talk to regularly?
316. How much money per month is enough for you to live comfortably?
317. When was your first impression of someone totally wrong?
318. How many hours a week do you spend online?
319. What do you love to do?
320. What specific character trait do you want to be known for?
321. Are you more like your mom or your dad? In what way?
322. What is the number one quality that makes someone a good leader?

323. What bad habits do you want to break?

324. What is your favorite place on Earth?
325. What do you love to practice?
326. What questions do you often ask yourself?
327. What are you an expert at?
328. How would an extra $1000 a month change your life?
329. What things in life should always be free?
330. What is your favorite time of the year?
=========================================================
=========================================================
From 331 to 350

331. What is something you have always wanted since you were a kid?
332. What is the most recent dream you remember having while sleeping?
333. What confuses you?
334. In what way are you your own worst enemy?
335. When did you not speak up when you should have?
336. What is your favorite quote?
337. What is your favorite fictional story? (novel, movie, fairytale [mythical],
etc.)
338. Where or who do you turn to when you need good advice?

339. What artistic medium do you use to express yourself?

340. Who or what is the greatest enemy of mankind?
341. What’s something you wish you had done earlier in life?
342. What is the closest you have ever come to fearing for your life?
343. How do you deal with isolation [separation] and loneliness [being alone,
solitude]?
344. What do you know well enough to teach to others?
345. What’s a quick decision you once made that changed your life?
346. What have you lost interest in recently?
347. What makes life easier?
348. What was the last thing you furiously argued about with someone?
349. What job would you never do no matter how much it paid?
350. What is the number one solution to healing the world?
=========================================================

=========================================================
From 351 to 365

351. What could society do without?
352. What stresses you out [irritate you, worry you]?
353. Now that it’s behind you, what did you do last week that was memorable?
354. Where do you spend most of your time while you’re awake?
355. What makes someone a hero?
356. When in your life have you been a victim of stereotyping?
357. When was the last time you felt lucky [fortunate]?
358. When did you first realize [understand] that life is short?
359. What is the most insensitive thing a person can do?
360. What can someone do to grab [impress] your attention?
361. What do you usually think about on your drive home from work?
362. What’s one downside [obstacle] of the modern day world?
363. What simple fact do you wish more people understood?
364. If you could do it all over again, would you change anything?
365. How would you describe your future in three words?
The end, of our present theme.

=========================================================

Brian Tracy
You can only get control of your time and your life by changing the way
you think, work and deal with the never ending river of responsibilities that
flows over you each day. You can only get control of your tasks and activities
to the degree that you stop doing some things and start spending more time on
the few things that can really make a difference in your life.
I have studied time management for more than thirty years. I have
immersed myself in the works of Peter Drucker, Alex Mackenzie, Alan Lakein,
Stephen Covey and many, many others. I have read hundreds of books and
thousands of articles on personal efficiency and effectiveness. This book is the
result [‘Eat That Frog’].
=======================================================

Thomas Edison,
1847-1931:
America's Great Inventor.
ANNOUNCER:
Welcome to the VOA Special English program, People in America. Today, Sarah
Long and Bob Doughty tell about the inventor Thomas Alva Edison. He had a
major effect on the lives of people around the world. Thomas Edison is
remembered most for the electric light, his phonograph and his work with
motion pictures.
(MUSIC)
VOICE ONE:
Thomas Edison's major inventions were designed and built in the last years of
the eighteen hundreds. However, most of them had their greatest effect in the
twentieth century.

It is extremely difficult to find anyone living today who has not been affected in
some way by Thomas Edison. Most people on Earth have seen some kind of
motion picture or heard some kind of sound recording. And almost everyone
has at least seen an electric light.
These are only three of the many devices Thomas Edison invented or helped to
improve. People living in this century have had easier and more enjoyable lives
because of his inventions.
An option of source:
< http://www.unsv.com/>
<http://www.unsv.com/voanews/specialenglish/scripts/2007/03/18/0045/
>
…
[Commentary: you can obtain the complete theme, and its associated resource].
Learn The English Language. Obtain themes and its mp3 from The VOA-ERD
Institution.
=========================================================

Creativity
Reached New Heights
During Great Depression.
«Una idea, un continente, una mirada casi sin querer. … ».

Miguel Bosé – Canción: «Aire soy».
Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA Special

English. I’m Steve Ember.
Hard economic times and social conflict have always offered a rich source of
material for artists and writers. A painter's colors can show the drying of dreams
or the flight of the human spirit. A musician can express the tensions and
uncertainty of a people in struggle. The pressures of hard times can be the force
to lift a writer's imagination to new heights.

So it was during the nineteen thirties in the United States. The severe economic
crisis -- the Great Depression -- created an atmosphere for artistic imagination
and creative expression. The common feeling of struggle also led millions of
Americans to look together to films, radio, and other new art forms for relief
from their day-to-day cares. This week in our series, we tell about American arts
and popular culture during the nineteen thirties.
The most popular sound of the nineteen thirties was a new kind of music called
“Swing.” And the "King of Swing" was a clarinet player named Benny
Goodman.
Benny Goodman and other musicians made swing music extremely popular
during the nineteen thirties.
Swing was a new form of jazz. Many of its first players were black musicians in
small, unknown groups. It was only when more well-known white musicians
started playing swing in the middle nineteen thirties that the new music became
wildly popular.
One reason for the popularity of swing music was the growing power of radio
during the nineteen thirties.
Radio had already proven in earlier years that it could be an important force in
both politics and popular culture. Millions of Americans bought radios during
the nineteen twenties. But radio grew up in the nineteen thirties.

SINGING SAM: “Howdy, Folks. Yes, it is your old friend Singing Sam, so let’s
just settle back and reminisce a bit, what you say, huh?”
Producers became more skillful in creating programs. And actors and actresses
began to understand the special needs and power of this new electronic art
form.
…
[Commentary: you can obtain the complete theme, and its associated resource].
Learn The English Language. Obtain themes and its mp3 from The VOA-ERD
Institution.
=========================================================

Eres El Resultado de Ti Mismo
Nunca culpes a nadie, nunca te quejes de nada ni de nadie, porque tú

fundamentalmente tú, has hecho tu vida.
Acepta la responsabilidad de edificarte a ti mismo, y el valor de acusarte en el

fracaso para volver a empezar corrigiéndote. El triunfo del verdadero hombre
surge de las cenizas del error.
Nunca te quejes de tu ambiente o de los que te rodean. Hay quienes en tu mismo

ambiente supieron vencer.
Las circunstancias son buenas o malas según la voluntad y la fortaleza de tu

corazón.
Aprende a convertir toda situación difícil en un arma para triunfar.
No te quejes por tu pobreza, por tu salud, o por tu suerte; enfréntalas con valor
y acepta que de una u otra manera son el resultado de los actos y la prueba que
has de ganar.
No te quejes por la falta de dinero porque abunda en muchísimas partes.

No te amargues con tus propios fracasos ni se los cargues a otros. Acéptate

ahora o siempre seguirás justificante como un niño.
Recuerda que cualquier momento es bueno para comenzar, y ninguno es tan

terrible para claudicar !Empieza ahora mismo!
Deja ya de engañarte. Eres la causa de ti mismo, de tu tristeza, de tu necesidad,

de tu dolor, de tu fracaso.
Si, tú has sido el ignorante, el vicioso, el desobediente, el irresponsable, el torpe.

Tú y únicamente tú. Y nadie puede haberlo sido por ti.
La causa de tu presente es tu pasado, como la causa de tu futuro será tu presente.
Aprende de los fuertes, de los activos, de los audaces, imita a los valientes, a los
enérgicos, a los vencedores, a quienes no aceptan situaciones difíciles, a quienes
vencieron a pesar de todo.
Aprende a nacer nuevamente desde el dolor, y a ser más grande que el más
grande de los obstáculos.
Dentro de ti hay un hombre que todo puede hacerlo.
Mírate en el espejo de ti mismo. Comienza a ser sincero contigo mismo.

Reconócete por tu valor y por tu voluntad y no por tu debilidad para
justificarte.

Conociéndote a ti mismo serás libre y fuerte y dejaras de ser un títere de las

circunstancias.
Porque tú mismo eres tu destino. Y nadie puede sustituirte en la construcción

de tu destino.
!Levántate, mira la mañana llena de luz y fuerza, respira la luz del amanecer, tu
eres parte de la fuerza de la vida, despiértate, camina, lucha, decídete y
triunfaras en la vida!.
■
Nota: desconozco el nombre del autor. Si lo obtuviera, con gusto lo mencionaría.

Recopiló: M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
=========================================================

=========================================================
Invasión
- Trate de permanecer calmado.
Actor principal de la película: Jean-Claude Van Damme
Un violento terremoto seguido de extrañas luces en el cielo. Todo el poder se ha

reducido en todo el planeta. Como las nubes claro, un OVNI aparece del tamaño
de una ciudad. El ataque todavía no ha comenzado, pero sin electricidad, la
humanidad, es impotente frente de un vasto ejército extranjero. La batalla por
la tierra se dibuja, y todo el mundo tendrá que luchar no sólo por su propia
supervivencia, sino por la de la raza humana.
«La Mente gobierna».
«And I will bring the third part through the fire; and I will refine them as
silver is refined, and test them as gold is tested. They will call on my name,
and I will answer them. I will say, ‘They are my people,’ And they will say,
‘Jehovah is our God.’».
Zechariah – 13:9 - Jehovah’s Witnesses.
«The word of our God endures forever».
Isaiah 40:8
=========================================================

========================================================
El Centro es el Centro
- Por el Mexicano Miguel Ángel Cornejo
«Las revistas ‘Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars’ rinden pleno reconocimiento al

gran tutor, Miguel Ángel Cornejo, por la plusvalía de sus conocimientos».
El centro del ser humano es identificar su vocación, el llamado interior que le

reclama desarrollar su mejor potencialidad.
Todos tenemos alguna habilidad que rebasa al resto, es la actividad que más
disfrutamos, es la esencia de nuestra naturaleza; quien disfruta de pintar debe
pintar toda su vida; a quien le llena de alegría construir debe construir; quien se
complace en dar clases ha identificado que su vocación es ser maestro; de hecho,
todos los seres humanos nacimos con una vocación determinada y el mundo es
mundo porque afortunadamente todos los seres humanos somos diferentes y
singulares.

Cada persona es una sorpresa para el resto de la humanidad. Cada vez que un
ser humano nace es una incógnita; nadie sabe qué o quién va a llegar a ser.
Solamente la educación puede descubrir su auténtica vocación, pues quien nace
y vive en la ignorancia nunca podrá descubrir su llamado y vivirá y morirá sin
saber realmente para qué ha existido.
Seguramente hay algo que usted disfruta intensamente: la tarea en la cual siente
que expresa lo mejor de sí mismo es cuando el tiempo pierde su dimensión,
pues no importa a lo que se dedique; su atención sólo está centrada en esa labor.
A Miguel Angel Buonarroti lo calificaban de lento por el largo tiempo que
consumía en cada una de sus obras; escuchaba las críticas, absorto en su tarea,
sin importarle un comino lo que pensaran los demás. Así, la persona que
identifica su centro y se atreve a concentrarse en él, ha logrado identificar el
camino a su plena realización; ha descubierto una forma diferente de existir; ha
reinaugurado su forma de vivir; se ha atrevido finalmente a ser él mismo, es
más, ya no existe para él el paradigma de trabajar y descansar -forma inútil en
que dividen la vida los mediocres-, pues todo lo que observa, estudia, medita,
todo lo que percibe, lo suma a su centro como si fuera una gran centrífuga que
absorbe todas sus vivencias.

Los líderes de Excelencia han logrado identificar su centro, por eso parece que
el tiempo les rinde mucho más que al resto de la gente. Tan intensamente
disfrutan su llamado, que parecen ir a una velocidad vertiginosa; ya no
compiten con el tiempo, sino que se dejan llevar por su pasión; han logrado
finalmente su forma de vivir.
Todos los seres humanos tenemos una vocación, un llamado, pero cabría
preguntarnos ¿y quién llama? Estoy convencido de que nuestra existencia no es
producto de la casualidad, todos tenemos una misión que cumplir, por alguna
causa, para lograr un mundo mejor. La corriente de la evolución nadie la puede
detener, el mundo actual es mucho mejor que el mundo de ayer, en bienestar,
longevidad, comunicación y, por supuesto, día a día vamos al encuentro de
valores superiores; las vidas que se han atrevido a vivir en su centro nos han
heredado un mundo más humano y justo, y algunos -consciente o
inconscientemente- se han convertido en cocreadores de la obra de Dios, su vida
ha sido útil para el resto de la humanidad legándonos ya sea una vacuna, un
avance tecnológico, una poesía o sencillamente una vida dedicada con pasión a
la tarea de educar o de formar una familia con dignidad, honor y amor a los
valores universales.

No debemos renunciar a nuestro llamado interior y es responsabilidad del líder

despertar a sus seguidores para que se atrevan a ser ellos mismos. Si encuentran
su centro en los ideales que él propone, el líder habrá logrado conquistar
seguidores que lo harán trascender. Si por lo contrario, despiertan e identifican
otro centro, el líder auténtico se sentirá igualmente satisfecho, pues ha logrado
integrar un colaborador más en una misión diferente, pero finalmente una
misión que complementa y colabora con la creación de Dios. Maestro auténtico
es aquel que hace surgir en su alumno el ser que debe llegar a ser.
__ __ __
Now, our magazine «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars – Edition Bonus» enriches
our present theme of Miguel Ángel Cornejo, and here, 10 Quotes about
«Learning».
I used to have all these plans and think 'Ah, I have my whole life figured out
[discovered]', but then I realized [recognized] no matter how much I plan: life
happens! So I find myself living day to day trying to do my best, embracing
every moment as a learning opportunity and chance to get to know myself a
little more.
Q'orianka Kilcher

… to teach students to program. What fun is there to making plans, acquiring

discipline, organizing thoughts, devoting attention to detail, and learning to be
self critical.
Alan Perlis
In times of uncertainty, employees crave [need, require] clarity. As a leader, you

won't always have all of the answers - no one expects [demands] you to - so you
must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a
particular challenge and outline [delineate] the options, you have to be
confident in making bold [well-balanced] and optimistic decisions.
Marillyn Hewson
As an entrepreneur, you never stop learning.
Daymond John
Treat failure as a lesson on how not to approach achieving a goal, and then use
that learning to improve your chances of success when you try again. Failure is
only the end if you decide to stop.
Richard Branson
Defense is a definite part of the game, and a great part of defense is learning to
play it without fouling [making dirty].
John Wooden

Learning too [excessively] soon our limitations, we never learn our powers.
[Note: An adverb describe adverbs, too; i.e. [that is to say] among its functions].
Mignon McLaughlin
'Focusing' is no conventional repackaging [covering, wrapping] of self-help

wisdom. It is at once [at the same time] a manual and a philosophy. It talks about
the body's wisdom, the steps of the focusing technique, how to discover the
richness in others by learning to listen.
Marilyn Ferguson
I'm constantly learning, and that is the greatest gift of life in my opinion - to
always be learning and growing [developing].
Kristin Chenoweth
I think it's never too late to learn - or it's a lesson that's good to continue learning
- that you need to treat everyone … with respect.
Alison Brie
Referencias:
<https://www.colegiodelideres.com/conocenos/>
<paraservirte@colegiodelideres.com>
========================================================

3er. Verano de la Ingeniería, ahora una foto ilustrativa de un

diario caminar dentro de ese gran evento.
Merely, an illustrative photograph. A representative photograph of the daily way

of my very near friends and colleagues, and my person towards the «CIMAT -
Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas, Guanajuato, Gto. México». Our event
«CIMAT», among the components of the great event «3er. Verano de la
Ingeniería». Alert [Ready for anything]: you can consult the magazine
«Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars - 13 - Ed. 2.0». Possibly, you will like, and you
will learn, of my brief recount of that great event. Well, this is «100 and 5 Stars»
Thanks to you all.

President Vicente Fox, and his wife Marta Sahagun.

Himno Nacional de Mexico, en mp3

- 10 Minutos. [Versión completa].
You can listen, and obtain the complete version – 10 minutes – of the National
Anthem of Mexico. Employ the searcher, next, the options.
<https://performthespirit.blogspot.mx/>
Other option is, by means of the Google Chrome, then write:
Himno Nacional de Mexico + M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz + ivoox.com
Thanks to you all.

Jesus Christ

Oración a Santa Martha.

Santa Martha.
Oh Santa Martha milagrosa, me acojo a tu amparo y protección
entregándome a ti, para que me ayudes en mi tribulación, y en
prueba de mi afecto y agradecimiento, te ofrezco propagar tu
devoción.
Consuélame en mis penas y aflicciones, te lo suplico por la
inmensa dicha que alegró tu corazón al hospedar en tu casa de
Betania al Salvador del mundo; intercede por mí y por toda mi
familia para que conservemos siempre en nuestros corazones a
nuestro Dios viviendo en su gracia y detestando toda ofensa
contra Él; para que sean remediadas nuestras necesidades y en
especial esta que ahora me aflige (hágase la petición). Te suplico
me ayudes a vencer las dificultades con la fortaleza con que
venciste, por el poder de la Cruz, al dragón que tienes rendido a
tus pies. Así sea.

========================================================
Catechism [Religious education]
In Sacred Scripture the term "soul" often refers to human life or the entire human
person. But "soul" also refers to the innermost [deepest, personal] aspect of man,
that which is of greatest value in him, that by which he is most [very] especially
in God's image: "soul" signifies the spiritual principle in man. -- -- --
The Church teaches that every spiritual soul is created immediately by God - it
is not "produced" by the parents - and also that it is immortal: it does not perish
when it separates from the body at death, and it will be reunited with the body
at the final Resurrection. -- -- --
The spiritual tradition of the Church also emphasizes the heart, in the biblical
sense of the depths of one's being, where the person decides for or against God.
-- -- --
Man and woman have been created, which is to say, willed [required] by God:
on the one hand, in perfect equality as human persons; on the other, in their
respective beings as man and woman. "Being man" or "being woman" is a reality
which is good and willed by God: man and woman possess an inalienable
dignity which comes to them immediately from God their Creator. Man and
woman are both with one and the same dignity "in the image of God". In their
"being-man" and "being-woman", they reflect the Creator's wisdom and
goodness.
-- -- --
From the book: «Catechism of the Catholic Church».
========================================================

=======================================================
Seventh-day Adventists
__ __ __
Three distinct agencies, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, work together
for human beings. They are united in the work of making the church on earth
like the church in heaven. They place the resources of heaven at the disposal
[clearance, arrangement] of those who will appreciate and impart these spiritual
treasures, multiplying them by using them to the glory of God. Every diligent
effort to improve adds to the gifts we have. __ __ __
God, we must know Him as a personal Friend. It is our privilege to know Him
through Bible study, through the revelation of nature, and, above all, through
personal contact in prayer [invocation]. This is a daily experience. __ __ __
The connection of the visible with the invisible world, the ministration of angels
of God, and the agency of evil [sin, iniquity] spirits, are plainly [obviously]
revealed in the Scriptures, and inseparably interwoven [interconnected, linked]
with human history. There is a growing tendency to disbelief in the existence of
evil spirits, [-] while the holy [sanctified] angels that "minister for them who
shall be heirs [beneficiaries] of salvation" (Hebrews 1:14), [-] are regarded
[observed] by many as the spirits of the dead [extinct]. But the Scriptures not
only teach the existence of angels, both good and evil, but present
unquestionable proof that these are not the disembodied [incorporeal] spirits of
dead men. __ __ __
From the book: «Principles of Life from the Word of God».
=======================================================

========================================================
The Scriptures Are Available to Us Today
What are some of the blessings that we enjoy today because the scriptures are
so accessible?
When the Lord’s servants speak or write under [below, in] the influence of the
Holy Ghost, their words become scripture. From the beginning, the Lord has
commanded His prophets to keep a record of His revelations and His dealings
with His sons. He said: “I command all men, both in the east and in the west,
and in the north, and in the south, and in the islands of the sea, that they shall
write the words which I speak unto [towards, to] them; for out of [of, outside]
the books which shall be written I will judge the world, every man according to
their works, according to that which is written” (2 Nephi 29:11). The Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints accepts four books as scripture: the Bible, the
Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants [Agreements, Contracts], and the
Pearl of Great Price. These books are called the standard works of the Church.
The inspired words of our living prophets are also accepted as scripture. ■
Words of Our Living Prophets
In addition to these four books of scripture, the inspired words of our living
prophets become scripture to us. Their words come to us through conferences,
the Liahona or Ensign Magazine, and instructions to local priesthood [clergy,
ministry] leaders. “We believe all that God has revealed, all that He does now
reveal, and we believe that He will yet [still] reveal many great and important
things pertaining to the Kingdom of God”.
========================================================

For you, three excellent conferences of the «Congregación Gozo y Paz, A.C., de
Tehuacán, Puebla, México». The congregation is an important interpretation of
the Messiah of Israel, Yahshua HaMashiaj, with special accent in that country,
in Israel, and for the world. Of course. Well, our conferences are 1) La Torah, 3)
Hamatza, and 3) Sucot. You can obtain them from the Blogspot named «Perform
the Spirit – Lazos Increíbles». - <https://performthespirit.blogspot.mx/> -. Our
conferences are imparted in excellent way by our friend, and master, the
eminent minister Dr. Javier Palacios Celorio. Well, The congregation affirm: «La
Torah no fue destruida o abolida es perfecta, Salmo 19 verso 7, Santiago 1:25»,
«Por la fe confirmamos la Torah (Romanos 3:31)», «El que decide seguir al
Mesías de Israel, se convierte en ciudadano de Israel (Efesios 2:12)», … Thanks
to you all.
The Hebrew word «yadh» is usually rendered “hand,” but depending on the
context, this word may be rendered “authority,” “generosity,” “power,” and
many other ways.
«New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures». Witnesses of Jehovah
If we obey, the Lord promises, “The gates [accesses, entrances] of hell [inferno]
shall not prevail against you; yea, and the Lord God will disperse [disappear]
the powers of darkness from before you, and cause the heavens to shake
[agitate] for your good [benefit, advantage], and his name’s glory”. When we
do as our prophet directs, blessings [sanctifications] pour down [rain] from
heaven.

=====================================================
Two entities from the specific book «New World

Translation of the Holy Scriptures» of the Jehovah’s
Witnesses.
They are «Matthew 27:38-44», and «Luke 23:39-43».
__ __ __
138 Then two robbers were put on stakes alongside him, one on his right and
one on his left. 39 And those passing by spoke abusively of him, shaking their
heads 40 and saying: “You who would throw down the temple and build it in
three days, save yourself! If you are a son of God, come down off the torture
stake!” 41 In the same way also, the chief priests with the scribes and the elders
began mocking him, saying: 42 “Others he saved; himself he cannot save! He is
King of Israel; let him now come down off the torture stake, and we will believe
in him. 43 He has put his trust in God; let Him now rescue him if He wants him,
for he said, ‘I am God’s Son.’” 44 In the same way, even the robbers who were
on stakes alongside him were reproaching him.
Matthew 27:38-44 - «New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures».
__ __ __

39 Then one of the criminals hanging there began to speak abusively to him,
saying: “You are the Christ, are you not? Save yourself and us too!” 40 In
response the other rebuked him, saying: “Do you not fear God at all, now that
you have received the same judgment? 41 And we rightly so, for we are getting
back what we deserve for the things we did; but this man did nothing wrong.”
42 Then he said: “Jesus, remember me when you get into your Kingdom.” 43
And he said to him: “Truly I tell you today, you will be with me in Paradise.”
Luke 23:39-43 - «New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures».
You can consult: <www.jw.org /es>. Thanks.
Researcher: M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
=====================================================

A vision of the magazine «!Despertad!» of July 2011.

You can consult: <www.jw.org /es>. Thanks.

The one who builds his stairs [set of steps] in the heavens. And establishes his
structure over the earth; the one who summons [activates] the waters of the sea,
to pour them out [serve them, distribute them] on the surface of the earth.
Amos 9:6 / Jehovah’s Witnesses
For I well know the thoughts that I am thinking toward you, declares Jehovah,
thoughts of peace, and not of calamity, to give you a future and a hope. And
you will call me and come and pray to me, and I will listen to you.
Jeremiah 29:11-12 / Jehovah’s Witnesses
26 Well, eight days later his disciples were again indoors [inside], and Thomas
was with them. Jesus came, although the doors were locked, and he stood in
their midst and said: “May you have peace.” 27 Next he said to Thomas: “Put
your finger here, and see my hands, and take your hand and stick it into [push
into] my side, and stop doubting [unbelieving] but believe.” 28 In answer
Thomas said to him: “My Lord and my God!” 29 Jesus said to him: “Because
you have seen me, have you believed? Happy are those who have not seen and
yet believe.”
John 20:26-29 - Jehovah’s Witnesses

When he makes his voice heard, the waters in the heavens are in turmoil
[turbulence], and he causes clouds to ascend from the ends of the earth. He
makes lightning [fast, precipitous] for the rain, and he brings the wind out of
[of, outside] his storehouses.
Jeremiah 10:13 - Jehovah’s Witnesses
I am creating the fruit of the lips. Continuous peace will be given to the one who
is far away [distant] and the one who is near, says Jehovah, And I will heal [cure,
restore] him.
Isaiah 57:19 - Jehovah’s Witnesses

Now you are Christ’s body, and each of you individually is a member. And God
has assigned the respective ones in the congregation: first, apostles; second,
prophets; third, teachers; then powerful works; then gifts of healings; helpful
services; abilities to direct; different tongues [languages]. Not all are apostles,
are they? Not all are prophets, are they? Not all are teachers, are they? Not all
perform powerful works, do they? Not all have gifts of healings, do they? Not
all speak in tongues, do they? Not all are interpreters, are they? But keep striving
for the greater gifts. And yet I will show you a surpassing way [route, method].
1 Corinthians 12: 27-31 / Jehovah’s Witnesses

I love that idea of mastery.
Tommy Caldwell
The good life, as it is popularly conceived, typically involves acquiring mastery

in one's work, thus gaining for oneself better terms - or means to rewards,
whether material, like wealth [capital], or nonmaterial - an experience we may
call 'prospering.'
Edmund Phelps
Así que, hermanos, procurad profetizar, y no impidáis el hablar en lenguas.

Pero hágase todo decentemente y con orden.
1 Corintios 14:39-40 / Santa Biblia - La Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de
los Últimos Días
========================================================

Our Magazines have finished, and for your

advantage – Congratulations.
With our present magazine of «Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars – Edition Bonus»,
our magazines have finished. As you know, we magazines convey
[communicate, transport] to you, both the Leadership, and the English
Language.
Composition:
Our magazines are presented in 29 PDF documents. In the next form:
1. From 1 to 25, in their edition 2.0.
2. From 26 to 30 in their edition 1.0.
3. And, finally, the edition Bonus - in fact, our present magazine.
Well, our magazines 23, 24 and 25 Edition 2.0 are in an only PDF document; and
our edition Bonus 1, 2 and 3 are in an only PDF document, too.
Thanks to you all.
[Consult our diverse channels to accede and to obtain the magazines – the Web
directions, of course].
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz. «The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars».
Mexico. Time: from 2018 to 2020.
========================================================


Every science begins as philosophy and ends as art; it arises in

hypothesis and flows into achievement.
Durant, William

The Photograph. Now, towards a resplendent vision of Paradise, and ‘Aves’.


=========================================================
Visa & Passport of the 21st Century

- Its Instruments [Channels] for your Development
With that goal, two great dimensions:
1) The VOA- ERD Institution, for Your English.
2) The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars:
a) The Leadership, and the English Language, and

b) The English Language, and the Leadership.
Sources:
<https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/>
<https://sites.google.com/site/mcenriqueruizdiaz/>
<https://sites.google.com/site/100and5stars/>
<https://es.scribd.com/user/440468217/100-and-5-Stars>
<https://www.slideshare.net/MCEnrique/>
< https://performthespirit.blogspot.mx/>
=========================================================

English language:
https://sites.google.com/site/mcenriqueruizdiaz/
https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/
Leadership:
https://sites.google.com/site/100and5stars/
https://100and5stars.blogspot.mx/
The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars, In Scribd

https://es.scribd.com/user/440468217/100-and-5-Stars
The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars, In Scribd
The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars, In Slideshare.net

https://www.slideshare.net/MCEnrique/
The Magazines of Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars - in Slideshare.net
DECRETO: AMNISTÍA INTERNACIONAL.
Thanks to you all
Lazos Increíbles.
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz.
The Books, and a Mexico with Competence of Integration in the World.
Visa & Passport of the 21st Century.

Know the Project: Books of English, from English

1 to 5, for all the CBTIS of the United Mexican
States.
The Students can do the organization as they like it; but

absolutely, the Responses are written by hand, and the
Works are Presented by Groups with a Maximum of 5 persons.

«I formulated a project for the CBTIS (Technological Industrial and of Services

Center of Bachelor Degree) 107 of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México consisting in giving to the
Library of this Institution with five volumes of English language, of my authorship. A
book for each semester, from the first English book to fifth English book (according to
the plan of studies in this regard of the CBTIS). At no cost to the Institution, because this
is a donation (in the staff, I solve my expenses of the project with income of my
employment as a professor that I would be in this CBTIS).
One of the major advantages of this project is to solve the need of the student
of spending in books of English language because the books will be at your complete
disposal into the student community in the Library of the institution.
Afterward, in an immediate subsequent phase of this project is that among the
student community of this CBTIS and all the CBTIS of the United Mexican States will
have these 5 volumes of English language by means of a page of Google; read it, neither
cost nor restriction to obtain them.
Well, as a last note, I must say that these books will have the format of
'workbook'. This, as an intelligent work with foundations and then their respective
exercises to resolve, into a concurrent process».
Con título y cédula profesional 5632071 en la Maestría en Ciencias de la
Computación. Egresado del Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba. Veracruz, México.

Links, for Your Preparation.
Thanks to you all
English language:
Leadership of Gold: https://100and5stars.blogspot.mx/
Christian Songs, in Spanish: https://performthespirit.blogspot.mx/
Get Instruments for your Training.

Annex:
--------------------------------------
The activities
of the English Language
3, 4 and 5.
--------------------------------------
In the CBTIS 107 of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca. México.
By M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz

Bibliography, very right.
[Now, two books].
Eugene E. Long, y William Buckwald. «Inglés Idiomático 1 y

2». Editorial Trillas. México. Año 2005.

INGLÉS 3 - Actividades de Cátedra.
- CBTIS 107 de Tuxtepec, Oaxaca. México.
¿Por qué es Importante este documento a usted, como

estudiante de Idioma Inglés?.
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, que otorgó la cátedra en cuestión, Inglés 3, trabajó, y
siempre trabaja en pleno reconocimiento hacia el desglose pormenorizado. Así
mi referida cátedra, así es esta relación de actividades de la misma. Ahora
bien, de acuerdo a mi persona, el atributo referido es guía con gran nitidez
hacia los conocimientos.

Semestre Agosto 2010-Enero 2011.
Catedrático: M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
Reporte finalizado el 03 de Diciembre de 2010. No se abordan

actividades administrativas después de esa fecha, únicamente
actividades de cátedra se desglosan.
Comentario:
Este documento solo muestra una simple lista secuencial de mis

actividades como catedrático, y por tanto, no hago referencia alguna a
otras responsabilidades que, obviamente, debo mostrar ante mis
alumnos, por ejemplo: resolver dudas, hacerles preguntas, recibirles
comentarios; en síntesis, trabajo de retroalimentación.

UNIDAD I
1. Presenté el tiempo futuro con el verbo auxiliar 'Will'. Viéndose lo

siguiente:
a) Sintáxis de la forma afirmativa, negativa, interrogativa e

interrogativa negativa.
b) Cómo aplicar la sintaxis de este tiempo para la elaboración de una
oración cualquiera.
c) Ejercicio práctico: Presenté 10 oraciones con este tiempo, en idioma
español para que los alumnos tradujeran al idioma inglés.
2. Presenté el tiempo futuro idiomático (going to). Viéndose lo siguiente:
a) Sintáxis de la forma afirmativa, negativa, interrogativa e

interrogativa negativa.
b) Cómo aplicar la sintaxis de este tiempo para la elaboración de una
oración cualquiera.
c) Ejercicio práctico: Presenté 10 oraciones con este tiempo, en idioma
español para que los alumnos tradujeran al idioma inglés.

3. Asigné la tarea Número 1, que consiste en lo siguiente: "Traer 15

palabras en inglés, con su correspondiente traducción al español, para
cada uno de los temas que se presentan a continuación:
a) Alimentos
b) Tiempo / Clima
c) Partes de la casa
d) Mobiliario
e) Ciudades y países
f) Pasatiempos
g) Empleos
h) Negocios
i) Enfermedades
4. A manera de recordatorio de cuestión gramatical vista en semestres

anteriores, les asigné la traducción al inglés de 20 oraciones que
requieren el uso de los auxiliares do, does, doesn’t don’t, did y didn’t.
5. Asigné la tarea número 1, de la segunda Unidad. Misma que consistió en

traer una relación de los principales verbos regulares e irregulares de
idioma inglés.
Presentándose en forma de tabla de datos, la siguiente información: la

primera columna con el verbo en infinitivo, la segunda columna para el

pasado, la tercera columna para el participio y la cuarta columna para el

significado en español de cada verbo.
6. Elaboré el examen de la primera unidad, mismo que entregué al

departamento académico para que se aplicara.

UNIDAD II
1. Presenté que se estudiará los verbos modales, indicando su significado

y su sintaxis para las formas: afirmativa, negativa, interrogativa e
interrogativa – negativa. Expuse que los verbos modales que he de
presentar, en esta unidad, son:
a) Must
b) Should
c) Could
d) Would
e) Have to
f) May
2. Presenté los verbos modales Must y Should en lo referente a su

significado y sintaxis para las formas afirmativa, negativa e
interrogativa.
3. Presenté a los verbos modales: could, would, have to y may en lo

referente a su significado y sintaxis para las formas afirmativa,
negativa e interrogativa.
4. Presenté en pizarrón 24 oraciones en español involucrando a los

verbos modales, que los alumnos tradujeron al inglés. En estas, hubo

4 oraciones por cada verbo modal e incluían oraciones en la forma

afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.
5. Asigné la tarea 2 de la segunda unidad. Misma que consistió en traer 5

oraciones en idioma inglés, con su correspondiente traducción al
español, por cada verbo modal que antes se estudió, e involucrando
las formas afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa. Indicando que,
obviamente, las oraciones no pueden ser las mismas que las vista en
clases.
6. Presenté a los adjetivos posesivos.
7. Presenté en pizarrón 10 oraciones de ejemplos, con adjetivos

posesivos.
8. Presenté a los Pronombres posesivos.
9. Presenté en pizarrón 10 oraciones de ejemplos, con pronombres

posesivos.
10. Explique que no existen reglas para formar el pasado y el participio de

los verbos irregulares.
11. Explique las tres reglas que se usan para la pronunciación de la

terminación “ed” en los verbos regulares al formar su pasado y su
participio.

12. Asigné la tarea 3 de la segunda unidad. Misma que consistió en

resolver los ejercicios del cuadernillo de ejercicios – 1ra. parte – que yo
desarrollé, para que el alumno efectué repaso de las estructuras
gramaticales que ha visto en semestres anteriores.
En lo general, por cada estructura gramatical que se repasa, se

presentan 10 oraciones que el alumno debe traducir al español y debe
además convertir la oración a la forma negativa en inglés y a la forma
interrogativa en inglés.
Las estructuras gramaticales que el alumno repasará en el presente

cuadernillo (1ra. parte) son:
a) Presente del verbo To Be.

b) Pasado del Verbo To Be.
c) Futuro del Verbo To Be.
d) Presente Simple.
e) Pasado Simple.
f) Presente Continuo.
g) Pasado Continuo.
13. Asigné una tarea con carácter de opcional para que alumno gane
décimas por participación y trabajo en equipo. Misma que consiste en
presentar con orden, limpieza, claridad y escrito a mano (de hecho,
todas las tareas requieren estos requisitos) las oraciones en inglés, con

su correspondiente e inmediata traducción al español, mismas que

presenté en clases, que son:
a) 24 oraciones que emplean los verbos modales que se estudiaron.

b) 10 oraciones que emplean adjetivos posesivos.
c) 10 oraciones que emplean pronombres posesivos.
14. Expliqué y presenté ejemplos del Primer Condicional.
15. Elaboré el examen de la segunda unidad, mismo que entregué al

departamento académico para que se aplicara.

UNIDAD III
1. Expliqué el Segundo Condicional y presenté oraciones de ejemplos.
2. Expliqué el Tercer Condicional y presenté oraciones de ejemplos.

Mostré que la parte “resultado” puede formarse empleando ya sea
“would”, “could” o “might”.
3. Explique la estructura gramatical del Presente Perfecto. Mostré cómo

se forma el afirmativo, del negativo y del interrogativo.
4. Presenté en pizarrón 12 oraciones de ejemplos con el Presente

Perfecto.
5. Explique la estructura gramatical del Pasado Perfecto. Mostré cómo

se forma el afirmativo, del negativo y del interrogativo.
6. Presenté en pizarrón 10 oraciones de ejemplos con el Pasado Perfecto.
7. Expliqué el significado de los adverbios “ever” y “never” y presenté

diversas oraciones de ejemplos.
8. Expliqué el significado de los adverbios “yet” y “already y presenté

9. Expliqué el significado de las preposiciones “since” y “for” y presenté


10. Expliqué el significado del adverbio “ago” y presenté diversas

oraciones de ejemplos.
11. Expliqué el significado del adverbio “just” y presenté diversas

oraciones de ejemplos.
12. Asigné la tarea 1 de la tercera unidad. Misma que consistió en resolver

los ejercicios del cuadernillo de ejercicios – 2da. parte – que yo
desarrollé, para que el alumno efectué repaso de las estructuras
gramaticales que ha visto en semestres anteriores.
Se presentan oraciones para que el alumno aplique sus conocimientos

en lo referente a las estructuras gramaticales que refiero a
continuación:
a) El futuro simple (will).

b) El futuro idiomático (going to).
c) El presente perfecto.
d) El pasado perfecto.
e) La tercera persona del singular del presente simple.
f) El plural de sustantivos.
g) El comparativo de igualdad as .. as.
h) El comparativo de superioridad.
i) El superlativo.

13. Presenté al infinitivo “To Be Able”, indicando que este se emplea en

cualquier tiempo verbal. Presenté diversas oraciones de ejemplos
para tres tiempos verbales con este infinitivo: en el presente, en el
pasado y en el futuro.
14. Indiqué que el tiempo futuro de can se construye con el auxiliar “will”
y el infinitivo “to be able”.
15. Les reafirmé que los pronombres Objetivos se emplean después de

los verbos y después de las preposiciones, y presenté oraciones de
ejemplos para ambos casos.
16. Presenté el tema de los Cognados verdaderos y 20 ejemplos, y presenté

el tema de los Cognados falsos y 20 ejemplos.
Nota: los tres exámenes: de la primera, segunda y tercera unidad

respectivamente, fueron desarrollados por mi persona para los grupos a
los que yo proporcioné cátedra; y constituyeron el 50% de la calificación
del alumno, el otro 50% lo constituyeron sus calificaciones de sus tareas.

REGULARIZACIÓN (Alumnos que no aprobaron la materia)
Un solo alumno (de los alumnos a los que yo proporcioné cátedra de

Inglés 3) cayó en Regularización. Mismo al que proporcionaré una
semana de Regularización con la opción de acreditar la materia.
Observación: Los CBTIS – Centros de Bachillerato Tecnológicos Industrial y de

Servicios -, otorgan 5 semestres de Inglés a sus estudiantes. Desde Inglés 1 hasta
Inglés 5. En lo personal, M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, sólo dispone hacia usted de
las relaciones de actividades de las cátedras Inglés 3, Inglés 4 e Inglés 5; que
fueron las cátedras que otorgué. Importancia. No obstante, yo comparto la firme
convicción que estos tres documentos coadyuvaran importantemente en su
particular guía en aprender Idioma Inglés.
Hoy 11 de Enero de 2018.

Mi Diploma por mi artículo aceptado para publicación y Ponencia

en el Instituto Politécnico Nacional, durante mis estudios de
Maestría en Ciencias de la Computación, México, D.F. Mayo 2007.
La Institución de mi Maestría fue el Instituto

Tecnológico de Orizaba, Veracruz. México. Durante el
periodo Febrero 2005 a Octubre 2007. Obteniendo mi
Título y Cédula Profesional.

President Barack Obama – The United States of America.
[Documentation] - According to the great finish of VOA-ERD - I do a world

public appreciation for the President Barack H. Obama, of the United States of
America. This fact because of during his most recent four years of Government
take place, plausibly, the conclusion and, too, the greatest fact, as a result of the
explosion the development of Knowledge of my person, with respect to world
public availability towards your knowledge – VOA-ERD - .The Stage of Gold.
Historic Fact. Thanks. M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz.

Discover The VOA- ERD Collection for Your English.


¿Por qué es Importante este documento a usted, como estudiante de

Idioma Inglés?.
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, que otorgó la cátedra en cuestión, Inglés 4, trabajó,
y siempre trabaja en pleno reconocimiento hacia el desglose pormenorizado.
Así mi referida cátedra, así es esta relación de actividades de la misma. Ahora

Observación:
Los CBTIS – Centros de Bachillerato Tecnológicos Industrial y de Servicios -,

otorgan 5 semestres de Inglés a sus estudiantes. Desde Inglés 1 hasta Inglés 5.
En lo personal, M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, sólo dispone hacia usted de las
relaciones de actividades de las cátedras Inglés 3, Inglés 4 e Inglés 5; que fueron
las cátedras que otorgué. Importancia. No obstante, yo comparto la firme
Hoy 28 de Enero de 2018.

Semestre Febrero-Junio 2009.
Catedrático: M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz
Reporte Concluido Julio 2009. No se abordan actividades

administrativas después de esa fecha, únicamente actividades de
cátedra se desglosan.
Comentario:
Este documento solo muestra una simple lista secuencial de mis
actividades como catedrático, y por tanto, no hago referencia
alguna a otras responsabilidades que, obviamente, debo mostrar
ante mis alumnos, por ejemplo: resolver dudas, hacerles
preguntas, recibirles comentarios; en síntesis, trabajo de
retroalimentación.

UNIDAD I
1. Presenté el verbo "do, does" (hacer) como verbo principal, y mostré

ejemplos sobre su uso.
2. Presenté al verbo "do, does" como verbo auxiliar en preguntas

negaciones, para casi todos los verbos (excepto con otros verbos
auxiliares), conjugándolo para todos los pronombres personales:
presentándolo en afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e interrogativo-
negativo.
3. Presenté al verbo auxiliar "can" (poder), conjugándolo para todos los

pronombres personales: en afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e
interrogativo-negativo.
4. Presenté al verbo auxiliar "did" (pasado de "do"), para preguntas y

negaciones para el pasado con casi todos los verbos (excepto con otros
verbos auxiliares), conjugándolo para todos los pronombres personales:
en afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e interrogativo-negativo.
5. Presenté al verbo auxiliar "could" (pasado de can), conjugándolo para

todos los pronombres personales: en afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo
e interrogativo-negativo.

6. Presenté los verbos auxiliares "May" y "Might", en su función de

permitirnos expresar posibilidad.
7. Presenté el verbo auxiliar "Shall", en su función de permitirnos proponer

o sugerir una acción futura.
8. Presenté el Presente de la Expresión Idiomática de Necesidad,

conjugándolo para el afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e interrogativo-
negativo.
9. Presenté el Pasado de la Expresión Idiomática de Necesidad,

negativo.
10. Presenté al Verbo auxiliar "Will" para formar el Tiempo Futuro,

negativo. Mostré que la negación con Will (Will not) se puede contraer
como "Won't".
11. Presenté el Presente del Futuro Idiomático, conjugándolo para el

afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e interrogativo-negativo.
12. Asigné la Tarea No. 1 de la Primera Unidad a los equipos de estudiantes

que se formaron por este motivo. Dicha tarea consistió en:
a) Investigar y ejemplicar con una oración, al menos las siguientes

proposiciones: of, by, in, at, on, to, through, up, into, under, behind, etc.

b) Traer un vocabulario referente a "materiales", tales como: wood,

plastic, iron, leather, etc. Vocabulario con al menos 20 elementos.
c) Traer un vocabulario referente a "elementos de la naturaleza" tales

como: river, ocean, mountain, hill, forest, volcano, etc. Vocabulario con
al menos 20 elementos.

I. Investigar que es la "Voz Pasiva".

II. Investigar, para cada uno de los tiempos verbales que siguen, una
oración con "Voz Activa" con su correspondiente oración en "Voz
Pasiva".
a) Presente
b) Presente continuo
c) Pasado
d) Pasado continuo
e) Presente perfecto
f) Pasado perfecto
g) Futuro
h) Modal "Should"
i) Modal "Must"
j) Modal "have to"


I. Investigar que son los "Question Tags".

II. Investigar, para cada uno de los tiempos verbales que siguen, una
oración con su correspondiente "Question Tag"
a) be (am, is, are)

b) be (was, were)
c) do, does
d) did
e) can
f) could
g) will
h) won't
i) Presente perfecto
15. Desarrollé y entregué a la sub-dirección del plantel el Examen de la

Primera Unidad para su aplicación.
16. Asigné calificaciones de la Primera Unidad, de acuerdo a mi registro de

puntos obtenidos por participación en clases, calificaciones en tareas y de
la calificación obtenida en el examen.

UNIDAD II
1. Presenté al Pasado del Futuro Idiomático, conjugándolo para el

afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e interrogativo-negativo.
2. Presenté al Presente Perfecto, su afirmativo con contracción, y lo

conjugué para el afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e
3. Presenté al Pasado Perfecto, su afirmativo con contracción, y lo

conjugué para el afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo e
4. Presenté La sixtaxis de la Voz Pasiva para diversos tiempos

verbales, y una oración para ejemplificar el afirmativo, negativo, e
interrogativo de la Voz Pasiva para cada uno de los siguientes
tiempos verbales:
a) Presente
b) Pasado
c) Presente Continuo
d) Pasado Continuo
e) Presente Perfecto
f) Pasado Perfecto
g) Futuro
h) Auxiliar Would
i) Auxiliar Should

j) Auxiliar can
k) Auxiliar could
5. Presenté un repaso de los "Tags Questions", ilustrando con una

oración el empleo de los siguientes verbos auxiliares, y señalando
algunos aspectos que pudieran prestarse a confusión.
a. be (am,is, are)
b. be (was, were)
c. Expresión idiomática de necesidad
d. do, does
e. did
f. can
g. could
h. will, won't
i. should
j. would
6. Asigné la tarea No. 1, de la segunda unidad a los equipos de

estudiantes que se formaron por este motivo. Dicha tarea consiste
en resolver los ejercicios de un "Manual de ejercicios para Inglés IV"
que nuestra institución educativa tiene preparado para tal efecto.
Por tanto, se repartió a los grupos de trabajo de estudiantes una
cantidad identica de páginas para resolver los ejercicios de dichas
páginas. Los ejercicios comprenden trabajar con oraciones y
abarcan los siguientes modos verbales, entre otros temas:

a) Tiempo presente del verbo "be".

b) Tiempo presente simple.
c) Cambiar oraciones del singular al plural.
d) Negativo del tiempo presente simple.
e) Interrogativo del tiempo presente simple.
f) Tiempo presente continuo.
g) Negativo e interrogativo del tiempo presente continuo.
h) Asignar la forma contractiva de los verbos en las
oraciones.
i) Tiempo pasado del verbo "be".
j) Negativo e interrogativo del verbo "be".
k) El tiempo pasado de los verbos regulares.
l) El tiempo pasado de los verbos irregulares.
m) Negativo del tiempo pasado.
n) Interrogativo del tiempo pasado.
o) Adjetivos y adverbios.
p) Tiempo pasado continuo.
q) Tiempo futuro con Will
r) Negativo del tiempo futuro con Will.
s) Interrogativo del tiempo futuro con Will.
t) Tiempo futuro con "Going to" (futuro idiomático).
u) Pasado del futuro con "Going to".
v) Tiempo presente perfecto.
w) Tiempo presente perfecto continuo.
x) Negativo e interrogativo de los tiempos perfectos.
y) Tiempo pasado perfecto.

z) Cualidad de comparar con "as ... as".

aa) Tag Questions.
7. Asigné la tarea No. 2, de la segunda unidad a los equipos de

estudiantes que se formaron por este motivo. Dicha tarea consiste
en investigar algunos aspectos sobre un determinado portal de
Internet dedicado al estudio del idioma Inglés, denominado
"English Conversations", (dicho portal provee material gratuito, y su
dirección es: http://englishconversations.org/ ) y sobre el cual, debe
responderse a:
a) Listar los servicios que ofrece el portal.

b) Responder a que público va dirigido el portal y por
qué.
c) Responder si considera que el portal satisface los
idioma requerimientos de los que buscan material
didáctico para practicar el inglés de conversación,
respondiendo "si" o "no" y argumentando su respuesta
con al menos 15 renglones.
d) Buscar otro portal con un servicio semejante al portal
de "English Conversations" y responder:
Mencione nombre y dirección del portal encontrado.
Exprese y argumente su punto de vista (con al menos

15 renglones) en relación a si el portal que encontró es

mejor o no al portal de "English Conversations" y por

qué lo considera así.
8. Expuse en pizarrón, 20 oraciones diversas en español con el pasado

del futuro idiomático, que los alumnos tradujeran al idioma inglés
y presentaron en pizarrón.
9. Al principio de la 2da Unidad, asigné un trabajo para todos los

equipos. Dicho trabajo consiste en entregar al final del semestre,
correctamente resueltos los tres exámenes diferentes que apliqué
como parte del proceso para evaluar la primera unidad.
10. Expuse un repaso a la Conjugación del auxiliar "Would" para

formar el Postretérito o Potencial, y Conjugación del Auxiliar
"Might" para expresar posibilidad.
11. Expuse en pizarrón 20 oraciones diversas en español, con el

presente perfecto y el pasado perfecto, que los alumnos tradujeron
al idioma inglés y presentaron en pizarrón.
12. En relación a la tarea No. 1, de la segunda unidad, expuse en

pizarrón errores gramaticales que detecté como constantes en los
trabajos de algunos equipos; y expuse la gramática correcta que
debe aplicarse para no incurrir en dichos errores.
13. Asigné la tarea 3, de la segunda Unidad. En la cual, en relación al

programa con licencia "Freeware", llamado “MemoryLifter 2.1”,

mismo que provee funciones útiles para aprender Inglés, solicité

investigar los siguientes aspectos:
a) Liste las funciones que provee el programa.

b) Mencione que funciones considera de mayor utilidad
c) Argumente con al menos 15 renglones, el por qué
considera que las funciones que indicó en el punto dos
son las más importantes.
Dirección para descargar el programa:
http://www.download3000.com/download_50360.html
Nombre del archivo a descargar:

"MLifter21Setup_withDotNet.exe"
14. Expuse en pizarrón 20 oraciones diversas en español, con los todos

los tiempos verbales de la voz pasiva antes estudiados; mismos que
los alumnos tradujeron al idioma inglés y presentaron en pizarrón.

Segunda Unidad para su aplicación.
16. Asigné calificaciones de la Segunda Unidad, de acuerdo a mi

registro de puntos obtenidos por participación en clases,
calificaciones en tareas y de la calificación obtenida en el examen.

UNIDAD III
1. Presenté una revisión sobre La pronunciación de la terminación "ed" de

los verbos regulares; indicando con ejemplos cómo es dicha
pronunciación considerando que se aplican tres reglas:
a) Cuando el infinitivo termina en sonido de "d" o "t"

b) Cuando el infinitivo termina en sonido de 'c', 'ch', 'f', 'k', 'p', 's', 'sh',
'x'
c) Cuando el infinitivo termina en algún sonido no considerado en las
dos reglas anteriores.
2. Recalqué, e ilustré, que El participio de los verbos regulares es igual a su

tiempo pasado.
3. Recalqué, e ilustré, que No existe regla sobre como formar el pasado y el

participio de los verbos irregulares, que por tanto, éstos deben
aprenderse de memoria.
4. Recalqué, e ilustré con ejemplos, que Los pronombres objetivos son

equivalentes a los pronombres personales, pero que los pronombres
objetivos se colocan después de los verbos y las preposiciones.
5. Presenté y ejemplifique con oraciones, al denominado "Primer

Condicional (una posibilidad real en el futuro)", señalando que:

a) Que la parte "Resultado" se puede formar de varias maneras

posibles, usando los verbos: will, may, might, can, could y
should.
b) Que la parte "Condición" puede emplear diferentes formas

del presente: presente simple, presente progresivo, presente
perfecto y el futuro formado con will.
6. Presenté y ejemplifique con oraciones, al denominado "Segundo

Condicional (una situación hipotética)", señalando que la parte
"Resultado" se puede formar de varias maneras posibles, usando los
verbos: would, could y might.
7. Presenté y ejemplifique con oraciones, al denominado "Tercer

Condicional (situación que ya no puede ocurrir).", señalando que la parte
"Resultado" se puede formar de varias maneras posibles, usando los
verbos: would, could y might.
8. Asigné la Tarea número 1, de la Tercera unidad, la cual solicita lo

siguiente: de los portales abajo citados, se pide el siguiente trabajo de
investigación:
Busque una historia para cada una de las siguientes temáticas:
a. Trabajo.
b. Educación.
c. Política.

d. Investigación.
e. Economía.
Se pide:
1. El texto original de cada historia.

2. El archivo de audio de cada historia.
3. Para cada historia, redacte en un párrafo de 5 a 8 renglones el
problema que relata la historia y la solución que allí se propone.
Los Portales donde debe buscarse la información son:
1. VOA News Special English

2. British Council Learn English
3. BBC Learn English
9. Expuse oraciones con voz activa, con los diversos tiempos verbales antes
vistos para la voz pasiva, con su correspondiente oración en voz Pasiva.
Ello, con la finalidad de remarcar la faceta de Conversión de oraciones
con voz activa a oraciones con voz pasiva.
10. Entregué material de complemento al alumno; mismo que presenta 10

oraciones en idioma Español en cada una de las siguientes temáticas:

a. 1er. Condicional
b. 2do. Condicional
c. 3er. Condicional
Indicando al alumno que las traduzca al idioma Inglés.
Este material presenta por separado las respuestas para cada temática, y
con indicación expresa al alumno de consultar conmigo cualquier duda
al respecto.
11. Asigné la Tarea número 2, de la Tercera unidad, la cual solicita lo

siguiente:
a) Retomar el material complementario referente al 1er, 2do. y 3er.

Condicional (antes citado) para presentar dichas oraciones
debidamente clasificadas por tema y con su correspondiente
traducción al español.
b) Buscar o desarrollar 5 oraciones nuevas, no vistas ni en clases ni en
el material complementario, para cada temática: 1er., 2do. y 3er.
condicional; que se agregarán a este trabajo.
12. Expuse que para diferenciar entre el empleo de Who y Whom,

primeramente requiere asimilarse dos conceptos: sujeto y objeto.
13. Presenté y expliqué 13 oraciones diferentes que emplean who y whom,

señalando en cada caso el porque se opta por who o whom.

14. Definí y ejemplifiqué con algunas oraciones que es una cláusula, una
cláusula independiente y una cláusula dependiente o subordinada.
15. Presenté los pronombre relativos: who, whom, which, that y whose.
16. Expuse y ejemplifique con oraciones el tema de Las Cláusulas Relativas

Definidas.
17. Expuse y ejemplifique con oraciones el tema de Las Cláusulas Relativas

No Definidas.
18. Expuse que también es factible considerar como Pronombres Relativos a

las palabras: what, when, why y where.
19. Expuse y ejemplifiqué con oraciones que Los Pronombre Relativos se

convierten en Pronombres Interrogativos cuando se emplean para
elaborar preguntas.

Tercera Unidad para su aplicación.
21. Asigné calificaciones de la Tercera Unidad, de acuerdo a mi registro de

puntos obtenidos por participación en clases, calificaciones en tareas y de
la calificación obtenida en el examen.

1. Elaboré una guía para el examen de Regularización, misma que entregué

a los alumnos que se encuentren en dicha situación.
2. Impartí dos semanas de asesorías a alumnos en situación regularización.
3. Desarrollé y entregué a la sub-dirección del plantel el Examen de

Regularización para su aplicación.
4. Presenté calificaciones definitivas del proceso de Regularización. En la

cual consideré: la calificación en los exámenes de regularización y la
participación de los alumnos en las dos semanas de asesorías que impartí.
ALGUNOS DATOS:
1. Atendí un total de 5 grupos, que comprendieron un total de 200

alumnos.
2. Un total de 42 alumnos cayeron en situación de 'Regularización'.
3. De los alumnos en situación de 'Regularización': 38 se inscribieron

al examen en cuestión, de los cuales aprobaron un total de 36
alumnos; consecuentemente, 6 alumnos cayeron en la siguiente
etapa llamada 'Recursamiento'.

Comentario: Mis 6 alumnos en situación de 'Recursamiento' serán

agrupados con los alumnos en la misma situación (en este materia) de
otros profesores.
La siguiente etapa llamada 'recursamiento' será gestionada por el

catedrático que determine la subdirección académica.
FIN (En lo que respecta a mi cátedra de inglés IV

del semestre interino Febrero-Julio 2009).

A Beautiful Assistant Salutes Us.
Lazos Increíbles.

The Books, and a Mexico with Competence of Integration in the
World.



¿Por qué es Importante este documento a usted, como

estudiante de Idioma Inglés?.
M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, que otorgó la cátedra en cuestión, Inglés 5, trabajó, y
siempre trabaja en pleno reconocimiento hacia el desglose pormenorizado. Así
mi referida cátedra, así es esta relación de actividades de la misma. Ahora

Observación:
Los CBTIS – Centros de Bachillerato Tecnológicos Industrial y de Servicios -,

otorgan 5 semestres de Inglés a sus estudiantes. Desde Inglés 1 hasta Inglés 5.
En lo personal, M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, sólo dispone hacia usted de las
relaciones de actividades de las cátedras Inglés 3, Inglés 4 e Inglés 5; que fueron
las cátedras que otorgué. Importancia. No obstante, yo comparto la firme
Hoy 1 de Febrero de 2018.

Relación de mis Actividades,
Cátedra de Inglés 5, en el CBTIS no. 107 de

Tuxtepec, Oaxaca. México.
Semestre Agosto 2010-Enero 2011.
Concluido el 03 de diciembre de 2010.
Comentario:
Este documento solo muestra una simple lista secuencial de

mis actividades como catedrático, y por tanto, no hago
referencia alguna a otras responsabilidades que,
obviamente, debo mostrar ante mis alumnos, por ejemplo:
resolver dudas, hacerles preguntas, recibirles comentarios;
en síntesis, trabajo de retroalimentación.

UNIDAD I
1. Expuse el tema: "Las 8 partes del Lenguaje". Viéndose lo siguiente:
a) El sustantivo. Definición, sustantivos propios y sustantivos comunes.

b) El pronombre. Definición y la lista de los tipos de pronombres.
c) El Adjetivo. Definición, adjetivos descriptivos y restrictivos y los tipos
de adjetivos restrictivos
d) Los verbos. Definición y ejemplos de tiempos verbales.
e) El adverbio. Definición y ejemplos.
f) La preposición. Definición, ejemplos de preposiciones que indican una
relación de 'dirección', 'lugar' y 'tiempo'. Además, ejemplos de
preposiciones que se componen de varias palabras.
g) La conjunción. Definición, las tres clases de conjunciones:
'coordinadoras', 'correlativas' y de 'subordinadoras', y ejemplos del
uso de éstas.
h) La interjección. Definición y ejemplos.
i) Resumen del tema (las 8 partes del lenguaje).
2. Asigné la tarea No. 1, que consistió en: presentar la definición y 5

oraciones de ejemplos para cada uno de los tipos de pronombres que
existen, que son:
a) Personales.
b) Personales nominativos

c) Personales objetivo
d) Posesivos.
e) Reflexivos
f) Relativos
g) Interrogativos
h) Demostrativos
3. Asigné la tarea No. 2, que consistió en: presentar una relación de al menos
50 conectores con su correspondiente significado en español, y presentar
al menos 10 oraciones de ejemplos que empleen dichos conectores.
Nota: son ejemplos de conectores los siguientes: furthermore, moreover, in

addition, on the other hand, however, in contrast, and, even, though, etc.
4. (Dado que la temática central de Inglés 5 es el análisis de textos en idioma

inglés) Asigné el Análisis del primer texto (en salón de clases). Por tanto,
recalqué que los instrumentos que debían llegar a obtener son:
a) El Mapa Conceptual.
b) El Cuadro Sinóptico.
c) El Resumen.
Este primer texto se titula 'Words and Their Stories: Computer Terms’. La
fuente de donde lo extraje es el Portal de Internet: 'the VOA Special
English Program'.

5. Asigné la tarea No. 3, que consistió en entregarme formalmente por

equipos, los instrumentos de análisis del primer texto. Estos instrumentos
son: el mapa conceptual, el cuadro sinóptico y el resumen.
6. Presenté una lista con los principales sufijos y prefijos de idioma inglés
explicando su importancia, y expuse ejemplos.
7. Presenté una lista con los Conectores de idioma inglés de uso más común.
Nota: esto, independientemente de la tarea de investigación que mis
alumnos ya tienen asignado sobre los Conectores de idioma inglés.

UNIDAD II
1. Se empezó con el análisis y comprensión del Segundo texto. Este se titula:

“How Freud Changed What People Thought About the Mind”. La fuente del
texto es 'The VOA Special English Program'.
Requerí, para tiempo en clase, que se obtuviese los instrumentos de

comprensión de textos, en este orden:
a) Mapa conceptual.
b) Cuadro sinóptico
c) Resumen
2. Asigné la tarea No. 1 de la segunda unidad. La cual consiste en traer,

ahora formalmente por equipos, el trabajo de análisis y comprensión de
texto que trabajaron en clases, los cuales son:
a) Mapa conceptual.
b) Cuadro sinóptico
c) Resumen
Esto, en relación al segundo texto titulado: “How Freud Changed What

People Thought About the Mind”.

3. Presenté el tema de la estrategia de comprensión de lectura llamada

Skimming. Indicando además:
a) La diferencia entre Skimming y Scanning.

b) Pasos para aplicar skimming.
4. Presenté el tema de la estrategia de comprensión de lectura llamada

Scanning. Proveyendo además, indicaciones y tips para hacer scanning.
5. Asigné la tarea No. 2 de la segunda Unidad. La cual consiste en aplicar

las habilidades de skimming a un texto titulado: "Portham Village Primary
School".
6. Asigné a los alumnos, que trabajasen en clases, con el análisis y

comprensión del Tercer texto. Este se titula: “National Standards for US
Schools Gain Support From States”. La fuente del texto es 'The VOA Special
English Program'.

comprensión de textos, en este orden: Mapa conceptual, cuadro sinóptico
y resumen.
7. Asigné la tarea 3 de la segunda unidad. Esta consiste en traer formalmente

por equipos, el mapa conceptual, el cuadro sinóptico y resumen del tercer

texto, titulado: “National Standards for US Schools Gain Support From

States”.

comprensión del cuarto texto. Este se titula: “Severe Weather: How Ocean
Storms Work”. La fuente del texto es 'The VOA Special English Program'.

comprensión de textos, en este orden: Mapa conceptual, cuadro sinóptico
y resumen.
9. Asigné fecha próxima para aplicar de manera individual a los alumnos

examen sobre los conectores de uso común, del idioma inglés. Indicando
que el alumno que lo apruebe con mínimo de 8 obtendrá 10 décimas para
su calificación.
10. Desarrollé el examen de la segunda unidad y lo entregué en control

académico para su aplicación.

UNIDAD III
1. Asigné la tarea 1 de la tercera Unidad – trabajo en equipos. Misma que

consisten en investigar bien del portal “VOA News” o bien del mismo
portal pero en la sección de éste, denominada: “The VOA Special English
Program”, una historia para cada uno de los siguientes temas:
a) Educación.
b) Política.
c) Economía
d) Salud
e) Ciencia y tecnología.
Se debe presentar los textos originales en idioma inglés y el trabajo deberá

redactarse, en español, en un mínimo de 2 páginas. En este, para cada
historia de cada temática, se deberá responder a lo siguiente:
a) ¿Qué problema o situación se plantea?.

b) ¿Quiénes intervienen?
c) ¿Qué están haciendo?
2. Asigné la tarea 2 de la Tercera Unidad. Esta consiste en traer formalmente

por equipos, el mapa conceptual, el cuadro sinóptico y resumen del cuarto
texto, titulado: “Severe Weather: How Ocean Storms Work”.


comprensión del quinto texto. Este se titula: “Why Vitamins Are Important
to Good Health”. La fuente del texto es 'The VOA Special English Program'.

por equipos, el mapa conceptual, el cuadro sinóptico y resumen del quinto
texto, titulado: “Why Vitamins Are Important to Good Health”.
5. Debido al empleo importante que se hace de La Voz Pasiva en los textos

escritos en idioma inglés, presenté este tema. Mostrando los siguientes
casos de voz pasiva:
a) En presente simple.
b) En pasado simple.
c) En presente continuo.
d) En pasado continuo.
e) En futuro simple (“will”).
f) En presente perfecto.
g) En pasado perfecto.
h) Con “would”
i) Con “should”
j) Con “can”.
k) Con “could”

6. Asigné fecha en la cual evaluaré al estudiante la Voz Pasiva. (Nota: este

examen es independiente del examen que se aplica formalmente al final
de cada unidad).

comprensión del sexto texto. Este se titula: “After 50 Years, Lasers Have
Made Their Mark”. La fuente del texto es 'The VOA Special English Program'.
8. Aleatoriamente, asigné un texto, de los textos restantes, a cada grupo de

trabajo, sobre el cual deben crear su respectivo Mapa Conceptual, mismo
que expondrán con rotafolio(s). Tiempo asignado para la exposición: 10
minutos. Los textos referidos:
a. Texto 7: “Leonardo da Vinci: One of the Greatest Thinkers in

History”.
b. Texto 8: “Crime and Punishment”.
c. Texto 9: “How Nine Researchers Won Their Nobel Prizes”.
La fuente de estos textos es 'The VOA Special English Program'

por equipos, el mapa conceptual, el cuadro sinóptico y resumen del sexto
texto, titulado: “After 50 Years, Lasers Have Made Their Mark”.
10. Asigné la tarea 5 de la tercera Unidad. Esta tiene carácter opcional

(décimas por participación al equipo que la presente) misma que consiste

en escribir en una página las Aportaciones que consideren les dejó cada
texto, del texto uno al texto 6.
Nota: advirtiendo que por Aportaciones no se entenderá cómo

conocimientos específicos, sino en el sentido de Conclusión o Moraleja
que deja cada texto en cuestión. Por ejemplo, al respecto, en salón de clases
el alumno argumentó y descubrió que el TEXTO 1 Aportó la importancia
de tener un glosario de términos técnicos en idioma Inglés, para la materia
que nos competa de acuerdo a nuestra carrera.
11. Presenté un método de Inferencia Léxica para idioma inglés. En este, se

recalca la importancia de los sintagmas y de saber diferenciar el análisis
léxico contra el análisis semántico, en la meta final de descifrar ideas
complejas.

Nota: los tres exámenes: de la primera, segunda y tercera unidad

respectivamente, fueron desarrollados por mi persona para los grupos a los que
yo proporcioné cátedra; y constituyeron el 50% de la calificación del alumno, el
otro 50% lo constituyeron sus calificaciones de sus tareas.
Ocho alumnos (de los alumnos a los que yo proporcioné cátedra de Inglés 5)
cayeron en Regularización. Mismos a los que proporcionaré una semana de
Regularización.
Texto con el que se trabajó en este proceso fue el texto número 10, que se titula:
“The Color of Money: America’s Bureau of Engraving and Printing Produces Millions
of Dollars a Day”.
La fuente de este texto número 10 es: 'The VOA Special English Program'
Nota: encontrará los textos con los cuales estoy trabando con mis alumnos de
Inglés V, en la siguiente dirección:
https://sites.google.com/site/rdenrique/home

Presidents Barack Obama – USA;

and Enrique Peña Nieto - México.
Lazos Increíbles.

The Books, and a Mexico with Competence of Integration in the World.



Links, for Your Preparation.
Ninety-nine percent of failures come from people who make excuses.

President George Washington.
Thanks to you all
English language:
Leadership of Gold: https://100and5stars.blogspot.mx/
Christian Songs, in Spanish: https://performthespirit.blogspot.mx/
Get Instruments for your Training.

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Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars – Bonus 1, 2 and 3

Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars

The Leadership, and the English Language

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 1 de 261

Leadership of 100 and 5 Stars

The Leadership, and the English Language

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 2 de 261

In the Beaches of Veracruz, Mexico.

Esteemed researcher: our present content has two great components:

Thanks to you all.

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 3 de 261

M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz

Luis de Llano Macedo (1945 - Ciudad de México) es un productor mexicano de

En 1969 ingresa a Telesistema Mexicano como director de promoción central de

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 4 de 261

En 1973 con la fusión de Telesistema Mexicano y Televisión Independiente de

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 5 de 261

Futuros Posibles y el Futuro que Queremos

«La vida es una serie de colisiones con el futuro; no es la suma de lo que

José Ortega y Gasset

Nuestro proyecto arrancó en 2008 con Fronteras del conocimiento, que

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 6 de 261

Paralelamente, y animados por la excelente aceptación de nuestros libros,

<www.bbvaopenmind.com>, una comunidad en línea para compartir y

Y, sobre todo, OpenMind es un esquema para conocer, discutir y generar

Este proyecto, que paso a paso va creciendo y ampliando su público, continúa

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 7 de 261

¿Por qué El Futuro?

La razón fundamental es la coherencia con los valores de nuestra cultura

Esto explica el papel central que en BBVA asignamos al conocimiento como el

Fundación BBVA. «Hay Futuro - Visiones para un Mundo Mejor».

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 8 de 261

M.C. Enrique Ruiz Díaz, te presento mi fotografía de mitad de mi veintena.

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 9 de 261

Leadership is the behavior of an individual when he is directing the activities of

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 10 de 261

A widely [extensively] circulated British Council estimate – more informed than

David Crystal. «English as a Global Language». Second edition. Editorial:

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 11 de 261

President Barack Obama and French President Francois

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 12 de 261

Exercise is king. Nutrition is queen. Together, you've got a kingdom. …

When in doubt, use nutrition first.

To eat is a necessity, but to eat intelligently is an art.

Marcus Tullius Cicero

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 13 de 261

Luis Videgaray Caso

Luis Videgaray Caso

Mexico is a market economy, but we should have better markets.

Luis Videgaray Caso

Mexico believes in free trade.

Luis Videgaray Caso

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 14 de 261

For the European Union, Russia is as important politically and economically as

Speaking from my experience as a person involved for a long time in building

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 15 de 261

Leadership is a process of influencing the probability of achieving a desired

Language as a communication tool is the primary element from which literature

Go to: <https://mcenriqueruizdiaz.blogspot.mx/> Página 16 de 261

The art of effective listening is essential to clear communication, and clear

James Cash Penney

Miscommunication is the number one cause of all problems; communication is

If what is communicated is false, it can hardly be called communication.