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Debido a la importancia fundamental como materia prima, la venta del petróleo y sus
derivados es un pilar fundamental del mercado mundial y la política exterior de varios
países.
TRADUCCION
THE OIL
It is a mixture of organic compounds, mainly hydrocarbons insoluble in water. It is also
known as black gold, crude oil, or simply crude.
It is produced in the interior of the Earth, by transformation of the organic matter
accumulated in sediments from the geological past and can accumulate in natural
geological traps, from where it is extracted by drilling wells.
Under normal pressure and temperature conditions, it is a bituminous liquid that can present
great variation in various parameters such as color and viscosity (from yellowish and
slightly viscous as gasoline to black liquids so viscous that they hardly flow), density
(between 0.66 g / ml and 0.9785 g / ml), heat capacity, etc. These variations are due to the
diversity of concentrations of the hydrocarbons that make up the mixture, this makes the oil
in each well or source different from another.
It is a non-renewable resource and is currently also the main source of energy and raw
material for the generation of a wide variety of derivatives, including most plastics. Liquid
oil can appear associated with layers of natural gas, in deposits that have been buried for
millions of years, covered by the upper layers of the Earth's crust.
Due to its fundamental importance as a raw material, the sale of oil and its derivatives is a
fundamental pillar of the world market and the foreign policy of several countries.
LA ENERGIA ELECTRICA
TRADUCCION
It is called energy called the form of energy that results from the existence of a potential
difference between two points, which allows establishing an electric current between the
two when they are brought into contact by means of an electrical conductor. Electric energy
can be transformed into many other forms of energy, such as light or light energy,
mechanical energy and thermal energy
EL AGUA
es una sustancia cuya molécula está compuesta por dos átomos de hidrógeno y uno de
oxígeno (H2O). El término agua generalmente se refiere a la sustancia en su estado líquido,
aunque la misma puede hallarse en su forma sólida, llamada hielo, y en su forma gaseosa,
denominada vapor. Es una sustancia bastante común en la tierra y el sistema solar, donde
se encuentra principalmente en forma de vapor o de hielo. Es esencial e imprescindible para
el origen y la supervivencia de la gran mayoría de todas las formas conocidas de vida.
TRADUCCION
It is a substance whose molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen
(H2O). The term water generally refers to the substance in its liquid state, although it can
be found in its solid form, called ice, and in its gaseous form, called steam. It is a fairly
common substance in the earth and the solar system, where it is found mainly in the form of
steam or ice. It is essential and indispensable for the origin and survival of the vast majority
of all known forms of life.
Water covers 71% of the surface of the Earth's crust. It is located mainly in the oceans,
where 96.5% of the total water is concentrated. Glaciers and polar ice caps account for
1.74%, while underground deposits (aquifers), permafrost and continental glaciers
concentrate 1.72%. The remaining 0.04% is distributed in decreasing order between lakes,
soil moisture, the atmosphere, reservoirs, rivers and living things.4 The water constantly
circulates in a cycle of evaporation or transpiration (evapotranspiration), precipitation and
movement towards the sea. The winds transport it in the clouds, as water vapor, from the
sea, and in reverse as much water as that which is poured from the rivers into the seas, in an
approximate amount of 45,000 km³ per year. On dry land, evaporation and transpiration
contribute 74,000 km³ per year, so total rainfall is 119,000 km³ each year