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Hay centenares de iglesias y sectas que se llaman cristianas. Sin embargo,


todas tienen diferencias básicas entre sí.
¿Reconocería Jesús como suyos a los organismos que están utilizando su
nombre?
¿Cómo se puede saber con certeza lo que debe ser un verdadero cristiano?

Usted encontrará las respuestas a estos y otros interrogantes en nuestro es-


clarecedor folleto: ¿Qué es un verdadero cristiano?

No espere y solicítelo de inmediato a una de las direcciones que se encuentran


en la página 2 de esta revista o envíe un correo a: viviente@ice.co.cr.
A vuelta de correo lo recibirá, como todas nuestras publicaciones, sin ningún
costo para usted.
También puede descargar el folleto desde nuestro sitio en la red: www.
mundomanana.org

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