TRABAJO DOMICILIARIO DE ANÁLISIS ESTRUCTURAL I

PARTE IV:

Determinar los desplazamientos: horizontal, vertical y total, así como el ángulo de giro en “B”, mediante el método
de Castigliano y trabajo virtual.

DESARROLLO

1. Determinar desplazamiento vertical en “D”

Ra Rc
1.a. Cálculo de Reacciones

 ∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) (2.25𝑎) 2

𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎) + 2𝑤 (2.25𝑎 + (2.25𝑎))
2 2 3
(1.5𝑎) 1
+ 2𝑤 ( (1.5𝑎) + 2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎)
2 3

6𝑎 2.25𝑎 11.25𝑎 1.5𝑎 15𝑎

𝑤(6𝑎) ( ) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎) + 2𝑤 ( )( ) + 2𝑤 ( )( ) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2 2 3 2 3
6𝑎(6𝑎)(3) 2(2.25𝑎)(11.25𝑎) 2(1.5𝑎)(15𝑎)
𝑤( + + ) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2(3) 2(3) 2(3)

54𝑎2 25.3125𝑎2 22.5𝑎2

𝑤( + + ) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3) (3) (3)

101.8125
𝑤𝑎2 ( ) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3)

𝑤𝑎2 101.8125 𝑃(2.25𝑎)

( )+ = 𝑅𝑐
4.5𝑎 (3) 4.5𝑎

Reemplazamos por la información del ejercicio: a(m), w(Kgf/m2), P(Kgf).

101.8125𝑤 𝑚2 𝐾𝑔𝑓 2.25𝑃 𝑚

( ) 2 + ( ) 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 𝑚 𝑚 4.5 𝑚

101.8125𝑤 2.25𝑃
𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 4.5
  ∑ 𝑭𝒀 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 2.25𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) − 𝑃 − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 2.25𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(6𝑎) − 𝑃 − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

6𝑎 (2.25𝑎) (1.5𝑎) 101.8125 2.25𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( + + − ) − 𝑃(1 − )=0
1 1 1 (3)(4.5) 4.5

6𝑎(3)(4.5) + 2.25𝑎(3)(4.5) + 1.5𝑎(3)(4.5) − 101.8125 4.5 − 2.25

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( ) − 𝑃( )=0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125 2.25
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( ) − 𝑃( )=0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125𝑤 2.25𝑃
𝑅𝐴 = 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓
3(4.5) 4.5

Análisis por tramos:

Tramo 01: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2.25

𝑤𝑥 2 29.8125𝑤𝑥 2.25𝑃𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀1 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − = + −
2 3(4.5) 4.5 2

𝜕𝑀1 2.25𝑥
=
𝜕𝑃 4.5

Por Castigliano, determinamos el desplazamiento en D:

2.25
1 29.8125𝑤𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2 2.25𝑥
𝑦𝐷 = [∫ ( − )( ) 𝑑𝑥 ]
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5) 2 4.5
0

2.25
1 (29.8125𝑥)(2.25𝑥) (𝑥 2 )(2.25𝑥)
𝑦𝐷 = [𝑤 ∫ ( − ) 𝑑𝑥 ]
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5)(4.5) 2(4.5)
0

2.25
1 (67.08𝑥 2 ) (2.25𝑥 3 )
𝑦𝐷 = [𝑤 ∫ ( − ) 𝑑𝑥 ]
𝐸𝐼 60.75 9
0

265287𝑤
𝑦𝐷 =
102400𝐸𝐼
 2. Determinar desplazamiento vertical en “B”

Ra Rc

1.a. Cálculo de Reacciones

 ∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) (2.25𝑎) 2

𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) + 𝑃(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) + 2𝑤 (2.25𝑎 + (2.25𝑎))
2 2 3
(1.5𝑎) 1
+ 2𝑤 ( (1.5𝑎) + 2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎)
2 3

6𝑎 2.25𝑎 11.25𝑎 1.5𝑎 15𝑎

𝑤(6𝑎) ( ) + 𝑃(6𝑎) + 2𝑤 ( )( ) + 2𝑤 ( )( ) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2 2 3 2 3
6𝑎(6𝑎)(3) 2(2.25𝑎)(11.25𝑎) 2(1.5𝑎)(15𝑎)
𝑤( + + ) + 𝑃(6𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2(3) 2(3) 2(3)

54𝑎2 25.3125𝑎2 22.5𝑎 2

𝑤( + + ) + 𝑃(6𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3) (3) (3)

101.8125
𝑤𝑎2 ( ) + 𝑃(6𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3)

𝑤𝑎2 101.8125 𝑃(6𝑎)

( )+ = 𝑅𝑐
4.5𝑎 (3) 4.5𝑎

Reemplazamos por la información del ejercicio: a(m), w(Kgf/m2), P(Kgf).

101.8125𝑤 𝑚2 𝐾𝑔𝑓 6.00𝑃 𝑚

( ) 2 + ( ) 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 𝑚 𝑚 4.5 𝑚

101.8125𝑤 6.00𝑃
𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 4.5

 ∑ 𝑭𝒀 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 6.00𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) − 𝑃 − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 6.00𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(6𝑎) − 𝑃 − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

6𝑎 (2.25𝑎) (1.5𝑎) 101.8125 6.00𝑃

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( + + − ) − 𝑃(1 − )=0
1 1 1 (3)(4.5) 4.5
 6𝑎(3)(4.5) + 2.25𝑎(3)(4.5) + 1.5𝑎(3)(4.5) − 101.8125 4.5 − 6.00
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( ) − 𝑃( )=0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125 1.50
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( ) + 𝑃( )=0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125𝑤 1.50𝑃
𝑅𝐴 = 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 − 𝐾𝑔𝑓
3(4.5) 4.5

Análisis por tramos:

Tramo 01: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2.25

𝑤𝑥 2 29.8125𝑤𝑥 1.50𝑃𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀1 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − = − −
2 3(4.5) 4.5 2

𝜕𝑀1 1.50𝑥
=−
𝜕𝑃 4.5
Tramo 02: 2.25 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4.5

𝑤𝑥 2 2𝑤𝑥 𝑥 − 2.25 29.8125𝑤𝑥 1.50𝑃𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2 2𝑤𝑥 2 4.50𝑤𝑥

𝑀2 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − − ( )= − − − +
2 2.25 3 3(4.5) 4.5 2 3(2.25) 3(2.25)
87.33𝑤𝑥 8.75𝑤𝑥 2 1.50𝑃𝑥
= − −
3(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25) 4.5

𝜕𝑀2 1.50𝑥
=−
𝜕𝑃 4.5

Tramo 03: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1.50

x
 2𝑤𝑥 3 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀3 = − − − 𝑃𝑥
9 2
𝜕𝑀3
= −𝑥
𝜕𝑃

Por Castigliano, determinamos el desplazamiento en B:

2.25 4.5
1 29.8125𝑤𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2 1.50𝑥 87.33𝑤𝑥 8.75𝑤𝑥 2 1.50𝑥
𝑦𝐵 = [∫ ( − ) (− ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ( − ) (− ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5) 2 4.5 3(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25) 4.5
0 2.25
1.5
2𝑤𝑥 3 𝑤𝑥 2
+ ∫ (− − ) (−𝑥)𝑑𝑥 ]
9 2
0

2.25 4.5
1 −44.72𝑥 2 1.50𝑥 3 −130.995𝑥 2 13.125𝑥 3
𝑦𝐵 = [𝑤 ∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑤 ∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5)(4.5) 2(4.5) 3(4.5)(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25)(4.5)
0 2.25
1.5
2𝑥 4 𝑥3
+𝑤∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥 ]
9 2
0

𝑤 −88429 411061 621

𝑦𝐵 = [( + + )]
𝐸𝐼 51200 25600 640
783373𝑤
𝑦𝐵 =
51200𝐸𝐼

3. Determinar giro en “B”

Ra Rc

1.a. Cálculo de Reacciones

 ∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) (2.25𝑎) 2

𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) + 𝑀 + 2𝑤 (2.25𝑎 + (2.25𝑎))
2 2 3
(1.5𝑎) 1
+ 2𝑤 ( (1.5𝑎) + 2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎) = 𝑅𝑐(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎)
2 3

6𝑎 2.25𝑎 11.25𝑎 1.5𝑎 15𝑎

𝑤(6𝑎) ( ) + 𝑀 + 2𝑤 ( )( ) + 2𝑤 ( )( ) = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2 2 3 2 3
6𝑎(6𝑎)(3) 2(2.25𝑎)(11.25𝑎) 2(1.5𝑎)(15𝑎)
𝑤( + + ) + 𝑀 = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
2(3) 2(3) 2(3)

54𝑎2 25.3125𝑎2 22.5𝑎2

𝑤( + + ) + 𝑀 = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3) (3) (3)
 101.8125
𝑤𝑎2 ( ) + 𝑀 = 𝑅𝑐(4.5𝑎)
(3)

𝑤𝑎2 101.8125 𝑀
( )+ = 𝑅𝑐
4.5𝑎 (3) 4.5𝑎

Reemplazamos por la información del ejercicio: a(m), w(Kgf/m2), P(Kgf).

101.8125𝑤 𝑚2 𝐾𝑔𝑓 𝑀 𝑚
( ) 2 + ( ) 𝐾𝑔𝑓 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 𝑚 𝑚 4.5 𝑚

101.8125𝑤 𝑀
𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 − 𝑚 = 𝑅𝑐
(3)(4.5) 4.5

 ∑ 𝑭𝒀 = 𝟎

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 𝑀

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(2.25𝑎 + 2.25𝑎 + 1.5𝑎) − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 − 𝑚 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

(2.25𝑎) 1.5𝑎 101.8125𝑤 𝑀

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤(6𝑎) − 2𝑤 − 2𝑤 ( )+ 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 + 𝐾𝑔𝑓 − 𝑚 = 0
2 2 (3)(4.5) 4.5

6𝑎 (2.25𝑎) (1.5𝑎) 101.8125 𝑀

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( + + − )+ =0
1 1 1 (3)(4.5) 4.5

6𝑎(3)(4.5) + 2.25𝑎(3)(4.5) + 1.5𝑎(3)(4.5) − 101.8125 𝑀

𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( )+ =0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125 𝑀
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤 ( )+ =0
(3)(4.5) 4.5

29.8125𝑤 𝑀
𝑅𝐴 = 𝐾𝑔𝑓 ⁄𝑚 − 𝐾𝑔𝑓 − 𝑚
3(4.5) 4.5

Análisis por tramos:

Tramo 01: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2.25

𝑤𝑥 2 29.8125𝑤𝑥 𝑀𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀1 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − = − −
2 3(4.5) 4.5 2

𝜕𝑀1 𝑥
=−
𝜕𝑀 4.5
Tramo 02: 2.25 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4.5
 x

𝑤𝑥 2 2𝑤𝑥 𝑥 − 2.25 29.8125𝑤𝑥 𝑀𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2 2𝑤𝑥 2 4.50𝑤𝑥

𝑀2 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − − ( )= − − − +
2 2.25 3 3(4.5) 4.5 2 3(2.25) 3(2.25)
87.33𝑤𝑥 8.75𝑤𝑥 2 𝑀𝑥
= − −
3(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25) 4.5

𝜕𝑀2 𝑥
=−
𝜕𝑀 4.5

Tramo 03: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1.50

2𝑤𝑥 3 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀3 = − − −𝑀
9 2
𝜕𝑀3
= −1
𝜕𝑀

Por Castigliano, determinamos el giro en B:

2.25 4.5
1 29.8125𝑤𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2 𝑥 87.33𝑤𝑥 8.75𝑤𝑥 2 𝑥
𝜃𝐵 = [ ∫ ( − ) (− ) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ( − ) (− ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5) 2 4.5 3(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25) 4.5
0 2.25
1.5
2𝑤𝑥 3 𝑤𝑥 2
+ ∫ (− − ) (−1)𝑑𝑥 ]
9 2
0

2.25 4.5
1 −29.8125𝑥 2 𝑥3 −87.33𝑥 2 8.75𝑥 3
𝜃𝐵 = [𝑤 ∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑤 ∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐸𝐼 3(4.5)(4.5) 2(4.5) 3(4.5)(4.5)(2.25) 3(2.25)(4.5)
0 2.25
1.5
2𝑥 3 𝑥 2
+𝑤∫ ( + ) 𝑑𝑥 ]
9 2
0

𝑤 −1179 411061 27
𝜃𝐵 = [( + + )]
𝐸𝐼 1024 38400 32
798497𝑤
𝜃𝐵 =
76800𝐸𝐼
Ma P

Ra

1.a. Cálculo de Reacciones

 ∑ 𝑴𝑨 = 𝟎

𝑞𝐿 (𝐿)
− − 𝑃(𝐿) + 𝑀𝑎 = 0
2 3

𝑞𝐿2
𝑀𝑎 = + 𝑃(𝐿)
6

 ∑ 𝑭𝒀 = 𝟎

𝑞𝐿
𝑅𝐴 − −𝑃=0
2
𝑞𝐿
𝑅𝐴 = +𝑃
2

𝑤𝑥 2 29.8125𝑤𝑥 2.25𝑃𝑥 𝑤𝑥 2
𝑀1 = 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 − = + −
2 3(4.5) 4.5 2
Ma Mc

Ra F1 F2 Rc

F1 F2

Del primero:

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0

𝑎
−𝑞𝑎 ( ) − 𝐹1(𝑎) + 𝑀𝑎 = 0
2
𝑞𝑎2
+𝑀𝑎 = + 𝐹1(𝑎)
2

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0

𝑅𝑎 − 𝑞𝑎 − 𝐹1 = 0

𝑅𝑎 = 𝑞𝑎 + 𝐹1

Del segundo:

∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0
 𝑞𝑎 𝑎
( ) + 𝐹2(𝑎) − 𝑀𝑐 = 0
2 3
𝑞𝑎2
+𝑀𝑐 = + 𝐹2(𝑎)
6

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0

𝑞𝑎
𝑅𝑐 − − 𝐹2 = 0
2
𝑞𝑎
𝑅𝑐 = + 𝐹2
2
Del tercero:

∑ 𝑀𝐹1 = 0

−𝑃𝑎 + 𝐹2(2𝑎) = 0

𝑃𝑎 = 𝐹2(2𝑎)

1/2𝑃 = 𝐹2

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0

𝐹1 + 𝐹2 − 𝑃 = 0

𝑃 = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2

𝑃 = 𝐹1 + 1/2𝑃

1/2𝑃 = 𝐹1

Reemplazando, tenemos:

Del primero:

𝑞𝑎2
+𝑀𝑎 = + 𝐹1(𝑎)
2
𝑞𝑎2 𝑃𝑎
+𝑀𝑎 = +
2 2

𝑅𝑎 = 𝑞𝑎 + 𝐹1

𝑃
𝑅𝑎 = 𝑞𝑎 +
2

Del segundo:

𝑞𝑎2
+𝑀𝑐 = + 𝐹2(𝑎)
6
𝑞𝑎2 𝑃𝑎
+𝑀𝑐 = +
6 2

𝑞𝑎
𝑅𝑐 = + 𝐹2
2
 𝑞𝑎 𝑃
𝑅𝑐 = +
2 2